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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration教学ppt课件
展开指出画线部分所做的句子成分1.My mum keeps telling me t g ut with my schl friends instead. 2.Actually,I d knw I need t drag myself away frm the nline wrld. 3.My aim is t d well in every subject this term. 4.Be quiet,please!I have smething imprtant t say. 5.It always makes me excited t wrk hard and achieve a team gal tgether. 6.T achieve all I want,I must use my time well.
1.When the jurney ended,Zac’s adventure received widespread media cverage.(Page 28)当旅行结束时,扎克的探险受到了媒体的广泛报道。★cverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围 Yu can see live cverage f England’s game against France.你可以看到英格兰和法国队比赛的现场报道。Their cverage f the accident was criticised fr ignring its causes.他们对那起事故的报道因忽略了其起因而受到了批评。
【合作探究】 读一读·细观察 阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体部分的词性、词组和含义①The curse ffers gd cverage f the subject.词性 名词 含义 覆盖范围②The grund was cvered with snw.词性 动词 含义 覆盖词组 be cvered with 含义 被……覆盖
③Her new bk cvers the perid frm 1870 t 1919.词性 动词 含义 涉及;包括④We will be cvering the game live n Saturday afternn.词性 动词 含义 报道⑤We need $100 a mnth t cver the rent.词性 动词 含义 支付⑥We had t cver the last three miles n ft.词性 动词 含义 行走(一段路程)
记一记·长知识 cverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围cver vt.覆盖;涉及;包括;报道;支付;行走(一段路程)be cvered with...被……覆盖
【即学即用】 单句语法填空①Later he fund the hle (cver) with sme leaves. ②They gave the stry (cver) in the evening news.
写出下列句中cver的含义③Much f the cuntry is cvered by frest. ④The survey cvers all aspects f the business. ⑤Yur parents will have t cver yur tuitin fees. ⑥They walked fr a lng time and cvered a gd deal f grund. ⑦She was cvering the party’s annual cnference then.
2.The crwd std t applaud scientists fr their imprtant cean research wrk.(Page 29)人们站起来为科学家们重要的海洋研究工作鼓掌。★applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏We applaud the decisin t g ahead with the new building.我们赞成开始建造新大楼的决定。When the scientist walked int the hall,they all std t applaud.当那位科学家进入大厅时,他们都站起来鼓掌。
【合作探究】 读一读·细观察 阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体部分的词性、词组和含义①I applaud her fr having the curage t refuse.词组 applaud sb fr... 含义 因为……赞赏某人②Let’s have a rund f applause fr ur speakers tday.词性 名词 含义 鼓掌;掌声
【即学即用】 单句语法填空①The fans all std up, (applaud) the singer fr her sweet vice. ②Let’s give the children a big rund f (applaud).
applauding
完成句子③他为改变状况所做的努力应该受到赞许。His effrts t imprve the situatin are . ④他开始鼓掌,其他人也跟着鼓起掌来。He and the thers jined in.
t be applauded
started t applaud
语法精讲动词不定式的形式和功能动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,它没有人称和数的变化,动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等,但不能做谓语。一、结构基本结构:t+动词原形,有时动词不定式符号t可以省略。否定形式:nt t+动词原形。
二、用法1.做主语动词不定式做主语时,表示具体的行为或将来的行为。谓语动词用单数。T lve and t be lved is the greatest happiness ne can seek.爱与被爱是一个人所能寻找的最大幸福。为了避免头重脚轻,常用it做形式主语放在句首,做主语的动词不定式常置于句末。It wuld be better fr yu t g there.你还是去那儿好。
温馨提示①若要说明动词不定式表示的动作的发出者的话,要在动词不定式前加fr引导的短语,构成“fr+名词(或代词的宾格)+动词不定式”短语,这一短语被称为动词不定式的复合结构。②在“It is+adj.+动词不定式复合结构”句型中,当其中的形容词是说明逻辑主语的性质、品质时,要由f引出逻辑主语,不能用fr。这类形容词主要有clever,flish,kind,nice,plite,silly,stupid,wise等。
It’s easy fr him t wrk ut this maths prblem.对他来说解出这道数学题很容易。It was careless f him t make such a mistake.=He was careless t make such a mistake.出了这样的错误,他太粗心了。
【即学即用】 完成句子①人们为钱而结婚是错误的。 It wuld be wrng f peple . ②每天早上读英语对我们来说是必要的。It is necessary fr us .
t marry fr mney
t read English every mrning
③做这样的事是违反我的原则的。It is against my principles . ④要在一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。 in ne day is impssible. ⑤建造这个博物馆需要一百万美元。 requires ne millin dllars.
t d such a thing
T finish this jb
T build this museum
2.做表语动词不定式在系动词后做表语,往往说明主语的具体内容,且含有将来意义。What he wants t d is t teach the naughty by a lessn.他想做的是给这个调皮男孩一个教训。His wish is t becme a famus jurnalist when he grws up.他的愿望是长大后成为一名著名记者。
【即学即用】 翻译句子①The next step is t make sure that yu knw exactly what is required.②The purpse f educatin is t develp a fine persnality in children.③Yu must speak ut,if we are t remain friends.
答案:下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。
答案:教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
答案:如果我们还想继续做朋友的话,你就必须把话都说出来。
④What am I t say if they ask me the questin?⑤Yu must be patient and persistent if yu are t succeed.
答案:要是他们问我这个问题,我该怎么回答呢?
答案:想要成功,你就必须有耐心,有毅力。
3.做宾语(1)直接做及物动词的宾语 通常跟动词不定式做宾语的动词有:affrd,agree,aim,appear,arrange,attempt,chse,claim,decide,demand,determine,expect,fail,help,hesitate,hpe,learn,lng,manage,neglect,ffer,plan,prepare,pretend,prmise,refuse,seem,swear,tend,threaten,undertake,vlunteer,vw,want,wish等。
The driver failed t see the ther car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。He has prmised t help me with my English.他已经答应帮我学英语了。
(2)“疑问词+动词不定式”,动词不定式前可带what,wh,which,where,when,hw,whether等疑问词。Please shw us hw t deal with that prblem.请告诉我们如何应对那个问题。I dn’t knw which ne t chse.我不知道选哪一个。
(3)常用句型“主语+v.+it+adj./n.+t d sth”。其中,it为形式宾语,t d为真正的宾语。能用于这一句型的动词有:believe,cnsider,feel,find,make,suppse,think等。I think it very useful t learn a freign language.我认为学门外语很有用。
【即学即用】 翻译句子①她渴望返回家乡。②我发现很难和他一起工作。③我不知道怎样处理这样的事情。
答案:She lnged t g back t her hmetwn.
答案:I find it difficult t wrk with him.
答案:I dn’t knw hw t deal with such a thing.
④最后他设法完成了那个艰难的任务。⑤他的父母没有钱送他去更好的学校。
答案:His parents can’t affrd t send him t a better schl.
答案:At last he managed t finish the difficult task.
4.做定语 (1)动词不定式做定语时,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 Attentin,please.I have smething imprtant t say.请注意,我有重要的事情要说。Every day he made ne f the smaller animals bring him smething t eat.他每天叫一个较小的动物给他带来一些吃的东西。
(2)如果动词不定式是不及物动词,后面就应有必要的介词。Give me a piece f paper t write n.给我一张纸写字。(3)当中心词为序数词,最高级,the last,the nly等或中心词被这类词修饰时,常用不定式做定语。She is hard-wrking and is always the first ne t cme every day.她很勤奋,每天总是第一个来。He is the nly persn t knw the truth.他是唯一了解真相的人。
【即学即用】 单句语法填空①The last persn (arrive) will pay fr the meal. ②D yu have smething (tell) us abut the lss? ③He is the right persn (finish) the wrk n time. ④I’d like t,but I have sme emails (answer) tnight. ⑤He is pr and has n mney (buy)his parents a huse t live in.
5.做状语 (1)表示目的 She went t the hspital t see her grandfather yesterday.昨天她去医院看望了她爷爷。T keep up with thers,he has been wrking very hard.为了赶上别人,他一直在努力学习。
温馨提示做目的状语的动词不定式前,常加上in rder或s as,但s as不能位于句首。She asked me t drive her t the airprt in rder/s as t catch the 5:00 plane.为了赶上5点的飞机她让我开车把她送到机场。
(2)表示结果 动词不定式做状语表示结果时常用如下结构:s+形容词/副词+as t d 如此……以至于……such+形容词+名词+as t d 如此……以至于……enugh+名词+t d 足够……去做……名词/形容词/副词+enugh+t d 足够……去做……t+形容词/副词+t d 太……以致不能……He is nt s stupid (such a fl) as t d that.他还没有蠢到做那种事。The rescue ship arrived t late t save mre peple.救援船来得太晚,没能挽救更多的人。
温馨提示动词不定式短语表示结果时,常与nly连用,暗示一种意外的结果。He hurried t the statin,nly t find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。
(3)表示原因动词不定式做原因状语,常用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后。I’m srry t hear yur grandma is ill.听到你奶奶生病我很遗憾。
(4)“be+性质形容词+动词不定式”结构在“be+性质形容词+动词不定式”结构中,常见的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult,interesting,heavy,pleasant,light,gd,fit,cmfrtable,safe,dangerus,impssible等。The bx is nt easy t carry.这个箱子不容易携带。温馨提示在此句型中,动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
【即学即用】 单句语法填空①The wman gt up early (get) a seat in the market. ②The man is careful enugh (deal) with such a situatin. ③I’m mre than happy (tell) yu smething abut my jurney. ④In fact,the text is hard (understand) fr such children.
t understand
6.做宾语补足语(1)动词不定式常跟在下列动词之后做宾语补足语:ask,advise,allw,beg,cause,cmmand,enable,encurage,expect,frce,invite,rder,permit,persuade,remind,require,request,teach,tell,urge,warn等。My friend invited me t see a gd film yesterday.昨天我的朋友邀请我去看了一部好电影。Wh taught yu t play the music?谁教你弹这支曲子的?
(2)在使役动词 let,have,make或感官动词(词组)see,watch,lk at,ntice,bserve,hear,listen t,smell,feel等后做宾语补足语时,通常省略t。get除外(get sb t d sth)。The teacher made him say the wrd like this.老师让他像这样说这个单词。温馨提示上述动词变为被动语态时动词不定式符号t不能省略。The children were seen t run dwn the street.有人看到孩子们沿着这条街跑了。
【即学即用】 翻译句子①她要我在她不在的时候接电话。②什么使她辍学的?③记得通知你的同学们出席会议。
答案:She asked me t answer the phne in her absence.
答案:What caused her t give up her studies?
答案:Remember t infrm yur classmates t attend the meeting.
④他注意到一个年轻女孩走进了银行。⑤最后他被迫放弃了自己的设计。
答案:He nticed a yung girl enter the bank.
答案:In the end he was frced t give up his wn design.
动词不定式的时态和语态1.动词不定式的时态有三种:一般时(t d)、进行时(t be ding)、完成时(t have dne)。I’d like t,but I have smething mre imprtant t d tnight.我很愿意,但是今晚我有更重要的事情要做。When I entered the rm,she seemed t be reading a bk.当我进屋时,她好像是在读书。I’m srry t have kept yu waiting s lng.很抱歉让你们等那么久。
2.当句子中的动词不定式与其所关联的名词有被动关系时,动词不定式用被动语态。Can yu tell me which windw is t be repaired?你能告诉我哪个窗户需要修理吗?The meeting t be held tmrrw is abut educatin.明天要开的会议是关于教育的。
【即学即用】 单句语法填空①It seemed that he had smething (tell) us. ②When I walked past,he pretended (bserve) the flwer. ③I’m glad (get) such a gd chance. ④The building (cnstruct) next year is fr ld prfessrs. ⑤I hear that the yungest emplyee is (questin) sn by the manager.
t be bserving
t be cnstructed
一、选词填空1.Jhn was made (washing/t wash) the truck fr a week as a punishment. 答案:t wash2.We agreed (meeting/t meet) here but s far she hasn’t turned up yet. 答案:t meet
3.The questin asked by the teacher is very difficult (answering/t answer). 答案:t answer4.I frgt (reminded/t remind) her that my cat buttns needed t be sewn n. 答案:t remind5.He tld us whether (having/t have) a picnic was still under discussin. 答案:t have
6.Tm is said (t study/t have studied) abrad,but I dn’t knw what cuntry he studied in. 答案:t have studied7. (T sleep/Sleeping) late in the mrning,Bb turned ff the alarm clck. 答案:T sleep8.Each f us has a rle (playing/t play) in making the earth a better place t live. 答案:t play
二、完成句子1.她的梦想是大学毕业后做一名好医生。Her dream is after she graduates frm cllege. 答案:t be a gd dctr2.这个女人提醒她儿子尽快给爸爸写信。The wman reminded her sn as sn as pssible. 答案:t write t his father
3.这个年轻人打算明年给父母买一所新房子。The yung man intended the next year. 答案:t buy a new huse fr his parents4.下周要讨论的主题是关于运动会的。The tpic next week is abut the sprts meeting. 答案:t be discussed
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