2022年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷06（全国乙卷专用）

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2022年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷06（全国乙卷）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效、
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2022·湖南·岳阳一中二模）What do we learn from the conversation？
A．William is not interested in the scholarship.
B．No one wants the scholarship.
C．William really wants the scholarship.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Does William really want the scholarship he’s applied for？
M: No one wants the scholarship more than William.
2．（2022·湖南·岳阳一中二模）Where did this conversation most probably take place？
A．In a kitchen B．In a garden C．At a picnic
【答案】B
【原文】
W: These tomatoes are delicious. You must have watered them a lot.
M: Yes, I did. They ought to be ripe enough to pick by next Wednesday when we have our picnic.
3．（2022·湖南·岳阳一中二模）When will the man adjust the equipment temperature？
A．In 20 minutes. B．In 10 minutes. C．In 15 minutes.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: Remember, according to instructions, the equipment temperature needs to be turned down in 20 minutes, or else the cake will become dry.
M: All right, it’s been inside at 215 degrees for 10 minutes already. I’ll lower the temperature before you get back.
4．（2022·湖南·岳阳一中二模）What's the relationship between the speakers？
A．Colleagues. B．Husband and wife. C．Employer and employee.
【答案】A
【原文】
W：Hey, Ted. Can you help me with the plans for Sophie's birthday party?
M：Yes, but let's wait until lunch. Our boss could come back any minute, and I don't want him to see what we've been up to during working hours.
5．（2022·江苏南京·三模）What is the man going to do?
A．Borrow some books.
B．Sign up for a library card.
C．Find some materials at the library.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: I’m sorry, but I forgot my library card. Can I give you my name and phone number instead?
W: Yes, that’s fine. I can look up your information on the computer. But you can only borrow three books at a time, I’m afraid. You’ll have to put two back.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间、每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2022·河北保定·一模）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where does this conversation take place?
A．In the kitchen. B．In the office. C．On the phone.
7．What is Sammy's problem?
A．Her sink doesn't work. B．Her kitchen is flooded. C．Her apartment is in need of repair.
8．Why are the repairmen unavailable now?
A．They are on holiday. B．They've been sent out. C．They are busy making calls.
【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B
【原文】
W: Hello, may I speak with the apartment manager?
M: This is apartment manager speaking. How can I help you?
W: Hello, manager. Sammy here. I'm in apartment 10. My kitchen sink is blocked up and I need you to send a repairman as soon as possible.
M: All right. I'll send one tomorrow.
W: I'd appreciate it if you could send me someone to fix it today. The sink is all backed up. I can't do the dishes...
M: I understand your problem, Sammy. But, I really can't help. All the repairmen are out on calls right now.
W: Well, OK then. But, could you send someone later today if one becomes available? It's really a bother.
M: Sure. I will. But you're first on the list tomorrow morning if one doesn't.
W: Thanks. I appreciate it.
（2022·河北保定·一模）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
9．What are the speakers doing?
A．Visiting a shoe store. B．Talking about fashion. C．Looking for a dress.
10．What does the woman think of the price?
A．Too low. B．Too high. C．Reasonable.
【答案】9．A 10．B
【原文】
W: This is a great shoe store. Look at all these shoes!
M: I know. There are so many colors and styles. What kind of shoes are you looking for?
W: I need a new pair of dress shoes.
M: What about this pair? They are really fashionable.
W: They are nice. How much do they cost?
M: They cost $250.
W: What? They're not that nice!
（2022·安徽·模拟预测）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．When did the speakers' parents get married?
A．15 years ago. B．30 years ago. C．35 years ago.
12．What will the speakers do for the wedding anniversary?
A．Send their parents on a trip.
B．Have a little wedding ceremony.
C．Invite some new friends to a party.
13．Who will send out the invitation emails?
A．The man. B．The woman. C．Mom and Dad.
【答案】11．C 12．B 13．B
【原文】
W: Mom and Dad's 35th wedding anniversary is coming up.
M: Is it? When?
W: It's on the 15th of December. I think we should do something special for them.
M: Like what?
W: We could have a surprise party for them and have a little wedding celebration, or we could send them to a bed and breakfast(住宿加早餐)for a weekend.
M: What do you mean by "little wedding celebration"?
W: It's when you invite all the people who were at their first wedding celebration to watch them say everything again. I went to one like this once, and everyone had a good time.
M: Sounds great! We can do this. Do you think we could organize it by December?
W: It can't be that hard. Mom organized my wedding for me in a month!
M: You're right. Who should we invite?
W: I can copy Mom's address book and send out some emails. I'm sure some of Mom and Dad's friends would be willing to help us.
M: OK, let's talk to the others tonight at dinner about it.
（2022·安徽·模拟预测）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．How does the woman feel about her job?
A．Unhappy. B．Satisfied. C．Worried.
15．What does the man do for a living?
A．He is a doctor. B．He owns his business. C．He works as a lawyer.
16．When will the woman take some time off?
A．In the spring. B．In the winter. C．In the autumn.
【答案】14．A 15．B 16．B
【原文】
M: Long time no see. You must be busy lately. I heard you were changing jobs.
W: I was going to leave my job, but they promoted me instead. At first I was excited, but now I think I made the wrong decision.
M: Why is that?
W: Since my pay raise, they have been making me work longer hours.
M: That’s why I work for myself. I set my own schedule, and I don’t answer to anyone. You can always come to work for me selling cars.
W: I should have become a doctor like my father. They are much more respected than lawyers.
M: Well, I respect you. You know what? You should plan a trip for the summer. It will give you a chance to relax.
W: I would love to, but I am saving up all my vacation time for Christmas.
（2022·河北保定·一模）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17．What does the man ask the woman to do?
A．Hold a meeting. B．Cancel the meeting. C．Change the meeting time.
18．At what time will the man present his report?
A．At 9. B．At 11. C．At 12.
19．What does the woman probably do?
A．A manager. B．A typist. C．A secretary.
20．What will the woman do next?
A．Go for a weekend. B．Send an email to everyone. C．Prepare a report for the man.
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】
M: Hi, Anna. Do you have a minute to talk about the meeting next Tuesday?
W: Sure. We said 11:00, didn’t we?
M: Yeah, we did. But I have a bit of problem with the time. Would it be possible to move it?
W: Oh, I see. We could postpone it to the afternoon, to 1 p.m., for example. Or bring it forward to earlier in the morning. What would suit you?
M: Could we make it 9 o’clock? That would really help me. I have another important meeting in the central office at 12.
W: No problem. It’s important you’re there.
M: Thanks a lot, Anna.
W: Do you need help with any preparation? Did you get the agenda I sent out?
M: Yes, I did. And no, that’s all fine, thanks. My report is ready and I’m looking forward to presenting it.
W: Great.
M: I can tell Sven about the time change. I’ll see him later.
W: Don’t worry about telling Sven. I'll send an email to everyone to confirm the time has changed and with an updated meeting invite.
M: Great. Thanks, Anna.
W: OK. I’m happy that works for you. We really need you there and it’s good we don’t have to cancel it.
M: See you then. Have a good weekend in the meantime.
W: You too.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·海南·模拟预测）Though the following ski resorts (旅游胜地) listed are less well-known, going skiing there is exciting for everyone this season.
Bear Valley, CA
Bear Valley is one of the less well-known ski resorts in California when compared to popular resorts like Mammoth Mountain and Squaw Valley. This ski area has runs that satisfy the needs of nearly everyone with or without experience. Skiers will find 1, 280 acres of skiable areas with an average annual snowfall of over 350 inches. The summit is at an elevation (海拔) of 8, 500 feet and has a 1, 900-foot vertical drop. There are even snowcat tours that take adventurous skiers to the terrain (地带) that is harder to access but less tracked.
Jay Peak, VT
Located in Jay, Vermont, Jay Peak is the snowiest ski area on the east coast, averaging 355 inches of snowfall annually. The mountain has 2 peaks and over 50 miles of skiable terrain. Jay Peak’s ski area has a top elevation of 3, 968 feet and a vertical rise of 2, 153 feet. There are 76 trails and 8 lifts over an area of 385 acres. Jay Peak is known for its challenging terrain and good backcountry skiing. The peak is best known for getting some of the most snow on the East Coast.
Big Mountain, MT
Located outside the town of Whitefish, which offers plenty of fun after a long day of skiing, Big Mountain has over 3, 000 acres of terrain, with almost 100 marked trails and plenty of bowl and tree skiing. Big Mountain gets 300 inches of annual average snowfall. Skiers will find a summit elevation at over 6, 800 feet, and a vertical drop of almost 2, 500 feet.
Schweitzer Mountain, ID
Schweitzer Mountain is one of Idaho’s greatest skiing treasures. Visitors will enjoy the views of Lake Pend Oreille, and can visit the lovely town of Sandpoint after a long day of enjoying the snow. The mountain has over 2, 900 skiable acres, and the highest elevation is at 6, 400 feet. There is an annual average snowfall of 300 inches, and over 90 trails. Schweitzer even has open bowl skiing, cat skiing, and even night skiing.
21．What makes Bear Valley, CA special?
A．It is the snowiest ski area. B．It has a very splendid history.
C．It is the hardest for skiers to access. D．It suits skiers of any experience level.
22．Which resort provides the night skiing?
A．Bear Valley, CA． B．Jay Peak, VT.
C．Big Mountain, MT. D．Schweitzer Mountain, ID．
23．For whom is the text intended?
A．Ski fans. B．Environmental scientists.
C．Geography researchers. D．Mountain climbers.
【答案】21．D 22．D 23．A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是四个滑雪胜地的相关情况。
21．细节理解题。根据Bear Valley, CA部分的介绍“This ski area has runs that satisfy the needs of nearly everyone with or without experience.(这个滑雪场的雪道可以满足几乎所有人的需求，无论有没有经验。)”可知，该滑雪场有适合任何经验水平的滑雪者的滑道。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Schweitzer Mountain, ID部分的介绍“Schweitzer even has open bowl skiing, cat skiing, and even night skiing.(Schweitzer甚至有露天滑雪，猫式滑雪，甚至夜间滑雪。)”可知，Schweitzer Mountain，ID提供夜间滑雪的选择。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Though the following ski resorts (旅游胜地) listed are less well-known, going skiing there is exciting for everyone this season.(虽然下面列出的滑雪胜地名气不大，但这个季节去那里滑雪对每个人来说都是令人兴奋的。)”可知，本文主要介绍了几处鲜为人知的滑雪胜地，由此可判断本文的受众主要是滑雪爱好者。故选A。
B
（2022·河南·安阳市第二中学二模）Melanie Perkins is co-founder of Canva, which allows users to create graphic designs for free in its simplest version, from social media posts to professional presentations.
The Canva journey started back in 2007, when Perkins was studying at the University of Western Australia. At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even harder to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.
Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream; after all, she and Cliff Obrecht, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial (创业的) knowledge need to create the product and the company.
However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht ( now husband ) did have was determination. They took the plunge and created their first design start-up called Fusion Books. It was an easy online platform for designing high school yearbooks. That turned out to be a success, and gave them wings for the next step: Canva.
However, they needed funding. Finding the right people took two years but there was always a lot of rejection for entrepreneurs in their early days, But every time they got a hard question or a reason why people wouldn’t invest, they stayed focused on what they could change. “The normal thing to do after your 100th, 80th or even 20th' no' would be to stop, but you just have to insist trying,” Melanie said.
A key person in getting Canva of the ground was Cameron Adams, an ex-Google employee who brought the technical expertise they needed.
Now Canva is a global business, but neither Perkins nor Obrecht considers that they have collected a fortune just for themselves. They want to do as much good as possible with their money.
24．What inspired Perkins to create an easy design system?
A．The success of her Fusion Books.
B．The need she saw from students.
C．Her then friend Obrecht’s encouragement.
D．A university program she attended.
25．What difficulty did Perkins meet at first?
A．She was short of money.
B．No one supported her.
C．She lacked confidence.
D．She couldn’t find a worker.
26．Which of the following words can best describe Perkins?
A．Easy-going. B．Responsible.
C．Energetic. D．Business-minded.
27．What can we learn from Perkins’ story?
A．Never give up. B．Be true to others.
C．Practice makes perfect. D．Every road leads to Rome.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了全球公司Canva的联合创始人梅兰妮·帕金斯创办Canva的过程及其成功后的打算。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even harder to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.”（当时她正在教学生如何使用InDesign和Photoshop等程序。学生们发现这些程序很难学习，甚至更难使用。她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的，非常简单。）可知当帕金斯在教学生们使用程序时，看到他们很难学会也很难使用这个程序，因此萌生了研发简单的在线图形设计程序的想法。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“...after all, she and Cliff Obrecht, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial (创业的) knowledge need to create the product and the company.”（毕竟，她和该公司的另一位联合创始人克利夫·奥布雷希特只是大学生，没有资金，也没有技术或创业经验知识需要创造产品和公司。）由 “with no funding”可知，在创业初期他们遇到的困难之一是缺少资金。故选A项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段“She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.”（她想象设计的未来完全不同。它将是在线的，非常简单。）和第三段“Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream”（珀金斯想到了创造一个伟大的新产品。当时，这只是一个梦），可知帕金斯在看到学生的需求时想到了研发简单的程序，而且根据公司的成功可知，她有商业头脑。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据第四段“However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht ( now husband ) did have was determination.”（然而，梅兰妮和她当时的朋友奥布雷希特（现在的丈夫）所拥有的是决心。）以及倒数第三段内容，可知当遇到困难时帕金斯和她的丈夫显示出了不泄气、不放弃、寻找方法继续前行的品质。故选A项。
B
（2022·吉林·东北师大附中模拟预测）The Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, in the UK, are home to thousands of fascinating plants, but none are as lonely as the Encephalartos woodii, an ancient cycad (苏铁门植物) species and, most likely, the last one of its kind.
It was in 1895 that botanist John Wood noticed this interesting looking palm tree on a steep slope in southern Africa. Spellbound by its multiple trunks and arched palm fronds (苏铁类植物的叶), Dr. Wood —who made his living collecting rare plants — had some stems removed and sent to London in a box. It ended up in the Palm House at the Royal Botanical Gardens, where it has been waiting for a mate for over a century. Despite numerous efforts to find it a mate, the Encephalartos woodii at Kew remains alone, unable to produce an offspring (后代) and reproduce its species. For this reason, many consider it the world’s loneliest plant.
Two hundred million years ago, when dinosaurs still roamed the world, cycads were everywhere. They made up around 20% of plants, acted as shelter for some dinosaur species and as food supply for others. They managed to somehow survive five ice ages, adapted to coexist with new species of plants, but as time passed, their numbers dwindled. Like all other cycads, Encephalartos woodii went from numbering millions of specimens, to thousands, and today, possibly just one, a male.
Some plants have both male and female organs, but not Encephalartos woodii. Without a female specimen to produce the seeds, it can never mate.
The Encephalartos woodii is technically not the last of its kind. It has been cloned several times, and its clones can be found in several botanical gardens around the world. It can even mate with some closely related species, but it can’t produce a true offspring. It just sits there, the last of its ancient species waiting for a female species to be found somewhere on Earth. "Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world," biologist Richard Fortey once wrote, "growing older, alone, and fated to have no successors. Nobody knows how long it will live. "
28．What can we learn about the Encephalartos woodii?
A．It has been the last of its species for centuries.
B．It once was a common being with male and female organs.
C．Scientists’ efforts to produce any young of it were in vain.
D．It used to play an important role in the survival of dinosaurs.
29．What does the underlined word "dwindled" probably mean in paragraph 3?
A．Weakened. B．Declined. C．Multiplied. D．Rocketed.
30．Which of the following best describes Richard Fortey’s attitude to the plant?
A．Indifferent. B．Appreciative. C．Sympathetic. D．Tolerant.
31．What is the best title for this text?
A．The World’s Loneliest Plant B．The Last Cycad on Earth
C．The Plant That Outlived Dinosaurs D．The Ancient Cycad found by John Wood
【答案】28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最孤独的植物伍德苏铁。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“They made up around 20% of plants, acted as shelter for some dinosaur species and as food supply for others.”(它们占植物的20%左右，是一些恐龙的庇护所，也是其他恐龙的食物来源。)可知，脑叶苏铁曾经在恐龙的生存中扮演着重要的角色。故选D。
29．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Like all other cycads, Encephalartos woodii went from numbering millions of specimens, to thousands, and today, possibly just one, a male.”(像所有其他苏铁一样伍德苏铁从数百万个标本发展到数千个，今天可能只有一株雄性苏铁。)可知，此处是指数量上的减少，所以dwindled意为“降低，减少”。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句““Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world,””biologist Richard Fortey once wrote, “growing older, alone, and fated to have no successors. Nobody knows how long it will live. ””(“这肯定是世界上最孤独的生物，”生物学家理查德·福泰曾写道，“孤独地变老，注定没有继承者。”没人知道它能活多久。”)可知，理查德·福泰对这株植物是很同情的。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, in the UK, are home to thousands of fascinating plants, but none are as lonely as the Encephalartos woodii, an ancient cycad species and, most likely, the last one of its kind.”(英国皇家植物园邱园是数千种迷人植物的家园，但没有一种植物像伍德苏铁那样孤独。伍德苏铁是一种古老的苏铁物种，很可能是该物种的最后一株)和最后一段最后两句““Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world,” biologist Richard Fortey once wrote, “growing older, alone, and fated to have no successors. Nobody knows how long it will live. ””(“这肯定是世界上最孤独的生物，”生物学家理查德·福泰曾写道，“孤独地变老，注定没有继承者。”没人知道它能活多久。”)可知，文章主要是讲世界上最孤独的植物伍德苏铁。故选A。
C
（2022·北京·一模）Colin Chapman, the founder of Lotus Cars, was one of motor racing’s most influential engineers. Between 1962 and 1978 Lotus won seven Formula One constructors championships. He summed up his philosophy as “simplify, then add lightness”. It appears to be an uncommon insight. A paper published in Nature suggests that humans struggle with subtractive(减法的) thinking. When asked to improve something, they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing what is already there, even when additions lead to sub-par(低于标准的) results.
The research was motivated by everyday observation rather than psychological theory, says Gabrielle Adams, the paper’s first author, who cites folk wisdom such as ‘less is more’ and ‘keep it simple’. Perhaps the need for such reminders was evidence of a blind spot in people’s thinking?
Along with colleagues at the University of Virginia, Dr. Adams conducted a series of observational studies. In one, when participants were asked to alter an essay they had written, 16% cut words while 80% added them. Others gave similar results. Of 827 suggestions received by the new boss of an American university for how the institution could be improved, 581 involved adding new things and just 70 suggested removing something.
Having established that addition does indeed seem to be more popular than subtraction, the next step was to work out why. One possibility was that people were considering subtractive options, but deliberately choosing not to pursue them. Another was that they were not even thinking of them in the first place.
Let’s enter a new set of experiments. One experiment asked participants to redesign a lopsided(不平衡的) Lego structure so that it could support a house-brick. Participants could earn a dollar for fixing the problem, but each piece of Lego they added cu that reward by ten cents. Even then, only 41% worked out that simplifying the structure by removing a single block, rather than strengthening it by adding more, which was the way to maximise the payout. Another example, asking people to make a golf course worse rather than better did not change their preference for additions, which suggested that many were simply not thinking of the possibility, at least at first.
What all this amounts to, says Benjamin Converse, another of the study’s authors, is evidence for a new entry in the list of “cognitive biases” that skew(歪曲) how humans think. Instead of thinking a problem through and coming up with an ideal solution, they tend to use cognitive shortcuts that are fast and mostly “good enough”.
Such research has inspired an entire field dedicated to working out when such shortcuts lead people astray. Dr. Adams and her colleagues, meanwhile, are keen to investigate their result in more detail. One question is whether the preference for addition is inborn or learned.
32．The purpose of mentioning the story of Colin Chapman is________.
A．To attract readers’ interest B．To highlight the experience
C．To present background information D．To introduce the topic of the passage
33．What can we learn from the passage?
A．People prefer additions to subtractions in most situations.
B．People tend to use shortcuts and come up with ideal solutions.
C．Strengthening the structure is the way to maximize the payout.
D．The philosophy—“less is more” is well-received.
34．What are Dr. Adams and his colleagues likely to study next?
A．The benefits of subtractions.
B．The ways of changing how people think.
C．The details of the preference for addition.
D．The influence of cognitive biases on people’s thinking.
35．What does the author propose?
A．A way that people automatically think. B．A fact that people routinely forget.
C．A view that shortcuts are good enough. D．A point that addition is better.
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者对减法思维的概念进行了解释，并指出很多人都缺少减法思维。并分析了其中的原因，指出勤加练习可以培养减法思维，阐述了“少即是多”的理念。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段第三句话“He summed up his philosophy as“simplify, then add lightness”.(他把自己的哲学总结为“简化，然后增加轻松”)”可知，Colin的所提出的观点和本文的主题是一致的，所以文章提到Colin就是为了介绍文章的主题。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句话“Having established that addition does indeed seem to be more popular than subtraction, the next step was to work out why.(在确定了加法似乎确实比减法更受欢迎之后，下一步就是找出原因)”可推知，在解决问题的时候，比起做减法，人们可能更喜欢加法。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句话“Such research has inspired an entire field dedicated to working out when such shortcuts lead people astray. Dr. Adams and her colleagues, meanwhile, are keen to investigate their result in more detail. One question is whether the preference for addition is inborn or learned.(这项研究启发了整个领域，致力于找出这种捷径何时会让人误入歧途。与此同时，亚当斯博士和她的同事们渴望更详细地调查他们的结果。一个问题是，对加法的偏好是天生的还是后天习得的)”可推知，他们还要进一步研究人们在寻找捷径时什么时候才误入的歧途，以及对加法的偏好是天生的还是后天习得的这些内容。由此推知，下一步需要为这种偏好的研究添加更多详细的信息。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句话“When asked to improve something, they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing what is already there, even when additions lead to sub-par(低于标准的) results.(当被要求改进某些东西时，他们倾向于建议添加新的东西，而不是删除已有的东西，即使添加会导致低于标准的结果)”以及第第二段第一句话“The research was motivated by everyday observation rather than psychological theory, says Gabrielle Adams, the paper’s first author, who cites folk wisdom such as ‘less is more’ and ‘keep it simple’. (该研究的第一作者Gabrielle Adams说，这项研究是由日常观察而非心理理论推动的，他引用了民间智慧，比如“少即是多”和“保持简单”)”可推知，作者在文中推崇“少即是多”的观点，而这个往往是大多数人所忽视的一个事实。由此推知，作者想要告诉我们不要忘记“少即是多”这一观点。故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·山东青岛·一模）Whether it’s painting, or sculpting tiny cupcakes out of clay, making art is good for your mind and body. ____36____ But you don’t have to be a full-time artist to get those health benefits. All you need to do is just making art. And the more you do it, the better. Here are things you need to know to start your creative art habit.
____37____ “We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists, but everyone is capable of creative expression,” says Kaimal, a leading researcher in art therapy. Her research has shown that there are no differences in health outcomes between experienced artists and green hands. ____38____
Start with what you enjoy — maybe something you’ve done before, maybe something you loved as a kid. Keep an open mind. Anything that engages your creative mind, such as finger painting, baking, knitting, etc, is good for you. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing. ____39____
Think about making art like any healthy habit. Just as you make time to work out, you should make time for your artistic creation. ____40____ Kaimal suggests setting up a corner table for your art supplies. Your creative corner is “kind of like a reminder,” she says. “It shows your commitment to invest in yourself and your well-being.”
A．Focus on making.
B．Let it go that you’re not an artist.
C．Mix it up — do whatever you’re in the mood for.
D．Besides time, spare a physical space in your home for art.
E．There are rules for how much time you should engage in art.
F．The act of creation can reduce stress and improve your mood.
G．So despite your skill level, you’ll feel all the good things coming with making art.
【答案】36．F 37．B 38．G 39．A 40．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了艺术创作对健康有好处，以及一些开始你的创造性艺术习惯的建议。
36．根据上文“Whether it’s painting, or sculpting tiny cupcakes out of clay, making art is good for your mind and body.(无论是画画，还是用黏土做小纸杯蛋糕，艺术对你的身心都有好处)”可知，本句承接上文具体说明艺术创作对身心有哪些好处。故F选项“创造的行为可以减轻压力，改善你的心情”符合语境，故选F。
37．根据后文““We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists, but everyone is capable of creative expression,” says Kaimal, a leading researcher in art therapy. Her research has shown that there are no differences in health outcomes between experienced artists and green hands.(“我们倾向于认为，只有非常擅长艺术的人才能称自己为艺术家，但每个人都有创造性表达的能力，”艺术治疗领域的领先研究人员凯马尔说。她的研究表明，经验丰富的艺术家和新手之间的健康结果没有差异)”可知，后文提到研究表明，经验丰富的艺术家和新手之间的健康结果没有差异，可见是不是真正的艺术家并不影响创作，故B选项“你不是一个艺术家也没关系”符合语境，故选B。
38．根据上文“Her research has shown that there are no differences in health outcomes between experienced artists and green hands.(她的研究表明，经验丰富的艺术家和新手之间的健康结果没有差异)”可知，上文提到经验丰富的艺术家和新手之间的健康结果没有差异，本句与本段最后一句，与上文构成因果关系，指出不管艺术水平如何，都能感受艺术创作的好处。故G选项“所以不管你的技术水平如何，你会感受到艺术创作带来的所有好处”符合语境，故选G。
39．根据上文“Start with what you enjoy — maybe something you’ve done before, maybe something you loved as a kid. Keep an open mind. Anything that engages your creative mind, such as finger painting, baking, knitting, etc, is good for you. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing.(从你喜欢的事情开始——也许是你以前做过的事情，也许是你小时候喜欢的事情。保持开放的心态。任何能激发你创造力的事情，比如手指画、烘焙、编织等等，都对你有好处。不要觉得你必须坚持一件事)”可知，上文提到从喜欢的事情开始，且不要觉得必须坚持一件事，本句为本段最后一句，故建议专注于艺术创作就可以了。故A选项“专注于创作”符合语境，故选A。
40．根据后文“Kaimal suggests setting up a corner table for your art supplies. Your creative corner is “kind of like a reminder,” she says. “It shows your commitment to invest in yourself and your well-being.”(凯马尔建议在角落里放一张桌子，放你的艺术用品。你的创意角落“有点像一个提醒，”她说。“它表明了你对投资自己和自己的幸福的承诺。”)”可知，后文提到了创意角落，即在家里留出欣赏艺术的空间。故D选项“除了时间，在家里也留点物理空间来欣赏艺术吧”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2022·贵州黔东南·一模）I received a video call last month. The president announced the news; Given the____41____on university finances during the COVID-19 pandemic(流行病), he would end the geology(地质学) department. His words ____42____ me like a ton of bricks. For 20 years, I assumed I'd always have a ____43____if I kept up my teaching and research. But the pandemic had brought ____44____effects.
Three years ago, the president had asked us for ____45____. Many of our upper-level classes were highly____46____ attracting only a handful of students. The president told us that we needed larger class ____47____and more students.
We____48____making changes. We added new elective courses on climate and medical geology,____49____hundreds of students, But we didn't _____50_____ the course requirements for geology majors, and many professors _____51_____to teach the same material in the same way. The _____52_____ of students didn't increase a lot.
Then came COVID-19. We stayed open and taught students on campus, but enrollments(注册) continued to _____53_____. After the meeting with our president, my mind _____54_____. Two days after the president's call, I spent the weekend speaking with my colleagues and brainstorming a _____55_____Together, we imagined a_____56_____earth science course, one that would help students meet today's _____57_____. We rethought all of our courses, focusing on problems that students and their potential_____58_____care about.
We _____59_____to the future with our new vision and leave the past behind. We're not sure how the university will react to our plan. Hopefully, our efforts aren't coming too _____60_____.
41．A．stress B．advice C．progress D．focus
42．A．taught B．limited C．hit D．directed
43．A．standard B．job C．lesson D．favor
44．A．life-long B．old-fashioned C．well-meant D．long-standing
45．A．leave B．help C．money D．control
46．A．regarded B．commented C．specialized D．organized
47．A．sizes B．types C．sources D．supplies
48．A．gave up B．ended up C．heard about D．worried about
49．A．admitting B．dismissing C．attracting D．promoting
50．A．change B．record C．introduce D．recall
51．A．refused B．continued C．stopped D．forgot
52．A．level B．event C．demand D．number
53．A．fall B．exist C．appear D．delay
54．A．blanked B．settled C．faded D．raced
55．A．plan B．goal C．question D．system
56．A．common B．new C．previous D．complex
57．A．popularity B．profit C．applications D．challenges
58．A．parents B．teachers C．employers D．colleagues
59．A．object B．belong C．look D．add
60．A．far B．close C．straight D．late
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．C 59．C 60．D
【解析】本文是记叙文。新冠疫情暴发后，作者所在的地质学系面临被关闭的窘境。作者和同事们一起努力，对课程进行了改革，争取让地质学系生存下来。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鉴于COVID-19大流行期间大学财政的压力，他将解散地质学系。A. stress压力；B. advice建议；C. progress进步；D. focus焦点。根据后文“on university finances during the COVID-19 pandemic, he would end the geology department”可知，解散地质学系是因为COVID-19大流行期间大学财政的压力，故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话给了我沉重的打击。A. taught教学；B. limited限制；C. hit打击；D. directed指导。根据后文“me like a ton of bricks”可知指对方的话给了自己沉重打击，故选C。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话给了我沉重的打击：20年来，我一直以为只要我坚持教学和研究，我就会一直有一份工作。A. standard标准；B. job工作；C. lesson课程；D. favor帮助。根据后文“if I kept up my teaching and research”可知作者一直将教学和研究当作自己的工作。故选B。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大流行带来了长期影响。A. life-long终身的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. well-meant没有恶意的；D. long-standing长期存在的。根据上文“But the pandemic had brought”以及常识，大流行带来了长期影响。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：三年前，校长向我们求助。A. leave离开；B. help帮助；C. money钱；D. control控制。根据后文“The president told us that we needed larger class”可知三年前校长向员工求助。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的许多高年级班都是高度专业化的，只吸引了少数学生。A. regarded看作；B. commented评论；C. specialized专门研究；D. organized组织。根据上文“Many of our upper-level classes were highly”以及后文“attracting only a handful of students”可知，许多高年级班都是高度专业化的，只吸引了少数学生。故选C。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长告诉我们，我们需要更大的班级规模和更多的学生。A. sizes尺寸，规模；B. types类型；C. sources资源；D. supplies供应。根据后文“and more students”可知，需要更大的班级规模和更多的学生。故选A。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们最终做出了改变。A. gave up放弃；B. ended up结束；C. heard about听说；D. worried about担心。根据后文“making changes”出于现实需要，他们最终做出了改变，end up doing sth.“以……结束”。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们增加了气候和医学地质学方面的新选修课，吸引了数百名学生。A. admitting承认；B. dismissing解散；C. attracting吸引；D. promoting晋升。与上文“attracting only a handful of students”相呼应，指新课吸引了很多学生。故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们并没有改变地质学专业的课程要求，许多教授继续用同样的方式教授同样的内容。A. change改变；B. record记录；C. introduce介绍；D. recall回想。根据后文“the course requirements for geology majors”指他们没有改变地质学专业的课程要求，故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们并没有改变地质学专业的课程要求，许多教授继续用同样的方式教授同样的内容。A. refused拒绝；B. continued继续；C. stopped停止；D. forgot忘记。结合后文“to teach the same material in the same way”指许多教授继续用同样的方式教授同样的内容。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生的人数没有增加很多。A. level水平；B. event事件；C. demand要求；D. number数字。根据后文“of students didn't increase a lot”这里指学生的数量，应用the number of“……的数目”。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续开放并在校园内授课，但入学人数继续下降。A. fall落下，下降；B. exist存在；C. appear出现；D. delay延迟。结合上文“The 　 of students didn't increase a lot.”可知，说明入学人数继续下降。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和我们的校长开完会后，我的脑子里飞速运转。A. blanked空白；B. settled解决；C. faded褪色；D. raced比赛。根据后文“I spent the weekend speaking with my colleagues and brainstorming a”可知作者在脑子里想办法应对这种情况。故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接到校长电话的两天后，我花了整个周末和同事们讨论并想出了一个计划。A. plan计划；B. goal目标；C. question问题；D. system系统。根据上文“I spent the weekend speaking with my colleagues and brainstorming ”指和同事讨论并想出了一个计划。故选A。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们共同设想开设一门新的地球科学课程，帮助学生迎接今天的挑战。A. common普通的；B. new新的；C. previous以前的；D. complex复杂的。结合后文“one that would help students meet today's”可知，要帮助学生迎接今天的挑战，所以是新的课程。故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们共同设想开设一门新的地球科学课程，帮助学生迎接今天的挑战。A. popularity流行；B. profit利润；C. applications申请；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“one that would help students meet today's”指这门新课可以帮助学生迎接今天的挑战。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们重新考虑了所有的课程，把重点放在学生和他们潜在的雇主关心的问题上。A. parents父母；B. teachers老师；C. employers雇主；D. colleagues同事。根据上文“focusing on problems that students and their potential”可知，课程的重点是学生和他们未来潜在的雇主所关心的问题，以便学以致用。故选C。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们用新的眼光展望未来，把过去抛在脑后。A. object反对；B. belong属于；C. look看；D. add增加。根据后文“to the future with our new vision”指用新的眼光展望未来，故选C。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：希望我们的努力不会来得太晚。A. far远的；B. close靠近的；C. straight直接的；D. late迟的。根据上文“We're not sure how the university will react to our plan. Hopefully, our efforts aren't coming too”可知，虽然不确定学校对作者他们的计划会有什么反应，但作者还是希望他们的努力不会来得太迟，还可以拯救地质系。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2020·山东省青州第一中学一模）With Tokyo Summer Olympics ____61____ (approach), reports indicate that facial recognition will be used as a security measure at those games. The Japan Times reported the technology would be used to “make the entry to the stadiums simple”.
While spectators (观众) won’t have to receive the ____62____ (treat), athletes, officials and journalists will be screened, according to the report of The Japan Times.____63____ there were complaints of long waits, the organizing committee ____64____ (prove) the technology during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil quite ____65____ (success). They hope to sort out the wait and other issues ahead of the Tokyo Games ____66____ will start in late July 2021.
NEC, the company handling the technology, also tested out their equipment at two airports and is behind a number of other similar projects,____67____ (include) software used by the Chicago Police. This technology is becoming far ____68____ (popular) and the Olympics are just the latest area to use them ____69____ security purposes. Other examples of planned or in use include robot police in China, bridges and tunnels in New York City, and more widespread uses by the FBI. Also, the technology allows you _____70_____ (use) your fancy new phone and order fast food.
【答案】61．approaching 62．treatment 63．Though##Although 64．proved 65．successful 66．that##which 67．including 68．more popular 69．for 70．to use
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了面部识别将被用作奥运会的安全措施，及其它的应用。
61．考查现在分词。句意：随着东京夏季奥运会的临近，有报道称面部识别将被用作奥运会的安全措施。“with +名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）”是with的复合结构，此处用作状语，逻辑主语Tokyo Summer Olympics和动词approach是主谓关系，approach用现在分词表主动，做宾补。故填approaching。
62．考查名词。句意：据《日本时报》报道，虽然观众不必接受这种对待，但运动员、官员和记者将接受检查。用抽象名词treatment作动词receive的宾语。故填treatment。
63．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管有人抱怨等待时间太长，但组委会在2016年巴西夏季奥运会上证明了这项技术相当成功。前后缺乏连词，由句意可知，用though/although引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填Though/Although。
64．考查时态。句意：尽管有人抱怨等待时间太长，但组委会在2016年巴西夏季奥运会上证明了这项技术相当成功。由时间状语“ during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil ”和让步状语从句系动词were用一般过去时可知，主句谓语动词prove也用一般过去时。故填proved。
65．考查形容词。句意：尽管有人抱怨等待时间太长，但组委会在2016年巴西夏季奥运会上证明了这项技术相当成功。prove sth. + adj. (证明某物是……的)，quite修饰形容词successful，形容词successful作宾补。故填successful。
66．考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们希望在2021年7月下旬开始的东京奥运会之前解决等待和其他问题。此处是定语从句，先行词是the Tokyo Games，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
67．考查介词。句意：处理这项技术的公司NEC也在两个机场测试了他们的设备，并还有许多其他类似项目，包括芝加哥警方使用的软件。介词including (包括)符合句意。故填including。
68．考查形容词比较级。句意：这项技术正变得越来越流行，奥运会只是将其用于安全目的的最新领域。far +形容词/副词比较级，结合句意，此处用形容词比较级more popular作表语。故填more popular。
69．考查介词。句意：这项技术正变得越来越流行，奥运会只是将其用于安全目的的最新领域。介词for (为了)符合句意，表目的。故填for。
70．考查动词不定式。句意：此外，这项技术还可以让你使用新手机，点快餐。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人干某事)，use用动词不定式修饰。故填to use。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分；满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）画掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
（2022·河南·模拟预测）Nowadays, more and more people have taken part in voluntary work, that is a sign of social progress. There are many different kind of voluntary activities students can participate. For instance, they can work as volunteers in a library or a book store if they were fond of reading or they can go to the nursing home to help the elderly. As the saying goes, the fragrance always stay in the hand that gives the rose. Being volunteers is of great benefit to students, give them a sense of an achievement when they are helping others. By doing voluntary work, students realize the importance of social work and enhance their social responsibility. Therefore, not all the voluntary activities are suitable for students. It is to say, the activities should be safe and easily to conduct.
【答案】1.that→which 2.kind→kinds 3.participate后加in 4.were→are 5.stay→stays 6.give→giving 7.删除achievement前的an 8. Therefore→However 9.It→That10.easily→easy
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生参加志愿者活动的好处。
1.考查定语从句。句意：目前越来越多人参加志愿者工作，这是一个社会进步的迹象。分析可知，逗号后部分为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面主句，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
2.考查名词的数。句意：学生可以参加许多不同种类的志愿活动。kind“种类”是可数名词，作主句主语，根据主句谓语动词are可知主语应用复数形式。故kind改为kinds。
3.考查介词。句意：学生可以参加许多不同种类的志愿活动。结合句意表示“参加……”应用participate in。故在participate后加in。
4.考查时态。句意：例如，如果他们喜欢阅读，他们可以在图书馆或书店做志愿者，也可以去养老院帮助老人。此处if引导真实条件状语从句，结合语境和上文can work判断此处用一般现在时。故were改为are。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：俗话说，赠人玫瑰手留余香。句子陈述谚语应用一般现在时，主语fragrance不可数，谓语动词应用单数形式。故stay改为stays。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：做志愿者对学生有很大的好处，让他们在帮助他人时有成就感。分析可知，此处应用give的非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语being volunteers和give之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故give改为giving。
7.考查冠词。句意：做志愿者对学生有很大的好处，让他们在帮助他人时有成就感。结合句意表达“成就感”应用a sense of achievement，此处achievement为抽象概念，不可数。故删除achievement前的an。
8.考查副词。句意：然而，并非所有的志愿者活动都适合学生。结合句意可知，此处和上文是转折关系，应用however连接。故Therefore改为However。
9.考查固定表达。句意：也就是说，这些活动应该是安全且易于进行的。that is to say是固定表达，意为“也就是说”。故It改为That。
10.考查形容词。句意：也就是说，这些活动应该是安全且易于进行的。分析可知，此处应用形容词作表语，构成固定句型：主语+be+adj.+to do。故easily改为easy。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
（2022·天津市新华中学模拟预测）2022年亚运会将如期在杭州举行。为了确保亚运会圆满成功，组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华，希望能成为其中一员。请按要求写一封信申请做志愿者。内容包括：
1. 个人情况；
2. 自身优势；
3. 服务承诺。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：2022年杭州亚运会2022 Hangzhou Asian Games
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a high school student from No. 1 Senior High school. Knowing that you are recruiting volunteers for the 2022 Hangzhou Asian Games, I am writting to apply for the position.
First of all, my spoken English is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently. Besides, I have other advantages. I am especially fond of sports. I was born in Hangzhou, so I am familiar with Hangzhou. What’s more, I am good at communication and alwasys ready to help others. I am willing to provide the best service for every athlete in the Asian Games. Therefore, I think I am suitable for serving the Games.
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer. Looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,
Li Hua.