外研版 (新标准)八年级下册Module 3 Journey to space综合与测试单元测试一课一练

Module 3 Journey to space

一、单选题

1.I find ______ hard to hear the English lyrics clearly.

A. that B. this C. one D. it

2.—Jack, why have you decided ______ Chinese folk music as a course?

—To learn more about Chinese culture.

A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take

3.In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown.

A. have been B. were C. had been D. are

4.The sun and its planets are _________ the solar system.

A. call B. calling C. called D. to call

5.Linda will ________ go to Shanghai on vacation this year.

A. possible B. impossible C. probably D. probable

6.It’s _______ of you to knock on the door before you enter someone’s room.

A. possible B. impossible C. polite D. impolite

7.It is impossible _________ how large the universe is.

A. to imagine B. imagining C. imagine D. imagined

8.The movie ________ we saw last night was fantastic.

A. that B. what C. whose D. who

9.—________?

—I’m busy with my homework.

A. What has happened B. What are you up to C. Are you busy D. What’s the matter

10.—Which do you like better, a bottle of orange juice or a bottle of milk?

—________, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.

A. Neither B. Both C. Either D. None

二、完形填空

    How much do you know about the solar system? The following passage will tell you.

    The earth is a planet. It as well as seven     1     planets goes around the sun. We     2     the eight planets and the sun the solar system. The first planet,     3     the sun, is Mercury (水星). It is about 58 million     4     from the sun. Venus (金星) is the second planet next to the sun, and     5     planet, the earth, is the third. It is about 150 million kilometres from the sun.

    Jupiter (木星), Saturn (土星), Neptune (海王星) and Uranus (天王星) are all     6     than the earth,     7     Venus, Mars and Mercury are smaller than the earth.

    Animals, trees and humans can only     8     on the earth—the other planets in our solar system do not     9     air or water. Do any planets in other galaxies have     10    ? We don't know about it.

1. A. else     B. others     C. other     D. another
2. A. know     B. call     C. take     D. pick
3. A. next to     B. before     C. out of     D. in front of
4. A. years     B. hours     C. metres     D. kilometres
5. A. our     B. their     C. her     D. his
6. A. lighter     B. bigger     C. shorter     D. safer
7. A. but     B. or     C. till     D. so
8. A. knock     B. try     C. live     D. land
9. A. have     B. bring     C. fill     D. join
10. A. planet     B. system     C. galaxy     D. life

三、阅读理解

A

Every time when I look at the moon, I wish I could go there. Do you wish you could fly to the moon in a spaceship one day?

For hundreds of years, men have wanted to travel to the moon. When they looked at the moon, they asked many questions. Was the moon hot or cold? Were there any plants or other living things there? There were many, many other questions.

We know much about the moon now. Scientists have studied the moon for many years and have found out many facts. So far, some men have got to the moon on spaceships.

Scientists have found that the moon is much smaller than the earth. It is about one quarter the size of the earth. It is traveling round the earth all the time. There are not any plants or other living things on the moon, because there is no air or water there.

Days and nights on the moon are very long. One day on the moon is as long as two weeks on the earth. One night is also as long as two weeks on the earth. In the day the moon is very hot. At night it is very cold. The moon is much hotter and much colder than the earth.

There is another surprising thing. On the moon things are not as heavy as they are on the earth. Isn’t that interesting?

    Perhaps one day we can all travel to the moon. It must be great fun.

1. There are not any plants or other living things on the moon, because ________.
A.there is no air or water there
B. it's too hot there
C. it's too cold there
D. there is only sand on it
2. The moon is about ________ the size of the earth.
A. one quarter
B. one third
C. three quarters
D. half
3. One day on the moon is as long as ________ on the earth.
A. one week
B. two weeks
C. one month
D. two months
4. On the moon things are ________ they are on the earth.
A. heavier than
B. smaller than
C. as heavy as
D. lighter than

B

As an old Chinese saying goes, food is No. 1 need. What do astronauts eat on the space station and where does their food come from?

On October 16th, 2021, China launched a rocket and sent three taikonauts (Chinese astronauts)—two men and a woman—to China’s space station core module Tianhe. There are more than 120 kinds of food and drinks inside. They are rich in nutrition, taste good and are easy to keep for a long time. The taikonauts can also have a bite of their favorite specials.

These years, some countries have even started to grow food in space. Back in 2016, taikonauts grew some plants in space, such as lettuce and rice. Now some astronauts are even growing Chile peppers in space for the first time. Their seeds(种子) need a long time before they start to come up. Then it takes them a long time to grow. There’s one thing the astronauts will have to do in caring for the plants. They will have to transfer pollen(花粉) to the flowers. In this way, astronauts will get seeds that can grow new plants. It’s also how the peppers form. The seeds grow inside of the Chile peppers.

The environment on the space station is quite different from that on the earth. Astronauts don’t feel good and food also tastes different. So Chile peppers help them to eat more. The peppers are red. That might help astronauts feel better.

Space plants are also important for a trip to other planets like Mars. Astronauts would need food for staying there and for the long trip to Mars and back.

1. The food and drinks for taikonauts in Tianhe ________.
A. have much nutrition
B. have a bad taste
C. are less than 120 kinds
D. are hard to keep for long
2. The underlined word “transfer” in the third paragraph probably means ________.
A. cut
B. feed
C. move
D. water
3. The peppers make astronauts feel better because they ________.
A. keep the astronauts busy with things to do
B. make the astronauts think of their homes
C. are the first vegetables growing in space
D. are red and make the astronauts happier
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Taikonauts grew food in space 4 years ago.
B. The environment in space is bad for astronauts.
C. Food tastes the same for astronauts anywhere.
D. Plants can grow better on other planets.
5. Which can be the best title for this passage?
A. Food for Chinese Astronauts
B. A Big Business in Space
C. Traveling to the Space Station
D. Growing Plants in Space

C

    In the universe, as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is the day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is the night.

    Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.

    The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually(事实上) the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. The reason they look smaller than the moon is also because they are farther away from the earth.

    There are still many other planets in the universe. But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth, too. But at 9: 00 a. m. on October 15th 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.

1.We find the sun ________than the moon because it is ________ from us.
A.bigger; farther  B.smaller; closer
C.bigger; closer  D.smaller; farther
2.When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is ________.
A.the night  B.the day
C.the evening  D.Sunday
3.People and living things can live on (the) ________.
A.earth B.Mars C.moon D.sun
4.When did the pilot from our country return to the earth?________
A.On November 15th, 2002. B.On October 16th, 2003.
C.On May 15th, 2004.  D.On October 15th, 2003.
5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? _______
A.The moon goes round the earth, and it can't give out any light at all.
B.The moon goes round the sun, and its light is from the sun.
C.The earth moves round the moon, and people can live only on the earth.
D.Of all the planets, only the earth moves round the sun.

D

    Today is 15th December, 2030. Influenced by the launch of the first manned mission to Mars next month, you will most likely get a gift card for a space trip.

    The interest in trips, 100 km above the surface of the earth, has grown steadily since such a trip began. However, the market has grown much larger this year since the official announcement of the Mars mission. More low-cost spacelines have entered the market and you can now find flights for such a trip for as low as $3,495. It's very reasonable.

    Space tourism (旅游业) is one of the markets that has developed fast during the last decade, with the opening of the Starbright Hotel on the moon as well as the low orbital hotels that started accepting guests. However, accommodation in space is still expensive for the average households, so the I suborbital (亚轨道的) flights with thirty-minute weightlessness! during the three-hour flight will for some time be the most popular trip.

    However, the spacelines might in the future face fierce competition between space elevators (太空升降舱), like the one that is projected to start construction within two years. Once it is fully functional, it will start to send cargos to space. But it will accept passengers as soon as possible to get back the large investment. Even if the elevator becomes I successful, it will take several years before there are more elevators in the world to get in the competition for space traffic with the spacelines.

    Those who are looking for a little bit of adventure and have extra money to spend may want to consider a suborbital flight in space. While a suborbital flight may not be the space mission that you have always dreamed of, it will give you the rare opportunity to see what our planet looks like in a high-altitude flight outside our atmosphere. So before you enjoy a trip by elevator to space, enjoy a suborbital flight first.

1. From Paragraph 1, what will happen in January, 2031?
A. A gift card will be taken to Mars.  B. Mars will be explored for the first time.
C. Man will go to Mars for the first time.  D. An affordable space trip will come true.
2. The underlined "average" can most probably be replaced by ______ in this passage.
A. common B. high-income C. low-cost D. low-income
3. What is the space elevator's purpose of accepting passengers as soon as possible?
A. To send cargos to space.
B. To get in the competition between spacelines.
C. To start the construction of more space elevators.
D. To get back the large investment.
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Space tourism has developed fast during the last ten years.
B. A suborbital flight may be the space mission that you have dreamed of.
C. The suborbital flight will be the most popular trip for some time.
D. Even though the elevator becomes successful, we will still need to wait for a few years to see more elevators come out.
5. We can know from the passage that _____.
A. the low orbital hotels have opened since a space trip began
B. within two years, space elevators will begin to send cargos and people to space
C. during the suborbital fights, you will experience 30 minutes' weightlessness
D. if you want to meet your curiosity, you may try a suborbital fight

四、用下框中单词的适当形式填入下文中

    Do you think people will live on Mars in the future? People think we will live in space one day. Some ① _____ think there will be aliens in space and aliens are described and discussed by many people. It is said that ②_____ from China, the United States and Russia will take part in a space flight to explore more about space. If you want to take part in a space flight, you should ③_____ basic computer skills. We can imagine that the ④_____ to space must be very exciting. We also hope their dream of ⑤_____ space will be realized. Because of the space flight, people know ⑥_____ about Mars. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun in the ⑦_____ system. It is named after the Roman god of war. During the spring and summer, strong ⑧_____ will cover the surface of Mars. The gravity of Mars is 2/5 as strong as it is on the earth, so a person who ⑨_____ 90 kilos on the earth is only 36 kilos on Mars. Scientists have ⑩_____ more spaceships to outer space.

五、句子翻译

1.科学家们在月球上发现水了吗?

Have the ______ ______ water on the moon?

2.我不可能同陌生人交流。

It’s ______ for me ______ ______ ______ strangers.

3.他们都不知道保护环境。

______ of them know ______ ______ the ______.

4.电视剧《人民的名义》自三月份开播以来受到数百万人的欢迎。

The TV series In the Name of People has become popular among _______ of people ________ it was shown in March.

5.尽管这位老人一直一个人住,但是他从未感到孤独。

Although the old man lives _______ all the time, he never _________ ________.

六、书面表达

假如现在是2055年,你们学校组织了一次去火星的旅行。你们参观火星的不同地方,参加外星人 (alien) 举行的聚会, 与外星人沟通……大家都玩得很愉快。请根据上述材料, 以第一人称描述一下你的火星之旅, 分享你在火星上所做过的事情以及你的感受。要求表达准确, 语法正确, 逻辑合理, 80词左右。开头已给出, 不计入总词数。

    It's 2055 now, and I have just finished a school journey to Mars. Now I am on the spaceship back to the earth. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析

一、单选题

1.答案：D

解析：句意：我认为很难听清楚英语歌词？此处to hear the English lyrics clearly作真正宾语，it充当形式宾语，故选D。

2.答案：D

解析：句意：—杰克，为什么你决定选择中国传统音乐作为选修课？—为了更多了解到中国文化。decide to do sth决定做某事，故此处为动词不定式to take，故选D。

3.答案：A

解析：句意：在过去的几年里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。考查现在完成时和there be句型。have been现在完成时；were一般过去时；had been过去完成时；are一般现在时。根据句中的时间状语“in the past few years”在过去的几年里，为现在完成时标志词，结构为have/has done。且本句为there be句型。故选A。

4.答案：C

解析：句意：太阳以及它的行星被叫做太阳系。考查被动语态。根据句意，此处表示“被叫做太阳系”，故需使用被动语态，其结构为“be动词+动词过去分词”，“call”的过去分词形式为“called”，故选C。

5.答案：C

解析：句意：琳达今年可能会去上海度假。考查副词用法。possible可能的，形容词；impossible不可能的，形容词；probably大概，可能，副词； probable可能的，形容词。分析句子“John will...go to France on vacation this summer.”可知，此处修饰动词go，应使用副词。故选C。

6.答案：C

解析：句意：在你进入别人的房间之前敲门是礼貌的。考查形容词辨析。possible可能的；impossible不可能的；polite可礼貌的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“knock on the door before you enter someone’s room.”可知进入别人的房间之前敲门是礼貌的，故选C。

7.答案：A

解析：句意：无法想象宇宙有多大。考查句型的固定搭配。此处是“It is/was + adj. + to do sth.”表示“做某事是怎么样的”，此处应用不定式形式，故选A。

8.答案：A

解析：句意：我们昨晚看的那部电影太棒了。考查定语从句。先行词movie是指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选A。

9.答案：B

解析：句意：——你在忙什么？——我正忙着做作业。考查情景交际。What has happened发生了什么事；What are you up to你在忙什么；Are you busy你忙吗；What’s the matter怎么回事；根据回答“I’m busy with my homework.”可知，此处应该是问对方在忙什么，故选B。

10.答案：A

解析：句意：——你更喜欢哪一个，一瓶橙汁还是一瓶牛奶？——都不要，谢谢。我想要一杯茶。考查不定代词。Neither两者都不；Both两者都；Either两者中任何一个；None没有一个。根据答语“I’d like a cup of tea.”可知，问句中的两种饮品都没有选择，应该是“两者都不”。故选A。

二、完形填空

答案：1-5 CBADA 6-10 BACAD
解析：1.句意为:它和其他七颗行星绕着太阳转。other作形容词,意为“其余的;另外的”,符合语境。故选C项。
2.句意为:我们把这八颗行星和太阳称为太阳系。call sth...意为“把某物称为……”,符合语境。故选B项。
3.句意为:挨着太阳的第一颗行星是水星。next to意为 “紧靠着;紧挨着”,符合语境。故选A项。
4.句意为:它离太阳大约有五千八百万千米远。由后文的 "It is about 150 million kilometres from the sun. " 及常识可知应选D项。
5.句意为:金星是离太阳第二近的行星,我们的行星, 地球,为第三(近)。根据语境可知,应选A项。
6.根据上下文可知,此处表示“木星、土星、海王星和天王星都比地球大”。故选B项。
7.联系上下文可知,此处表示“金星、火星和水星都比地球小”,与设空处前的内容之间为转折关系。故选A项。
8.联系上下文可知,此处表示“动物、树木和人类只能生活在地球上”。故选C项。
9.句意为:……我们太阳系的其他行星都没有空气和。根据语境可知应选A项。
10.句意为:其他星系的行星上有生命吗?结合所给词和语境,故选D项。

三、阅读理解

A

答案：1-4 AABD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段中“There are not any plants or other living things on the moon, because there is no air or water there.”可知月球上没有植物和生物的原因是那里没有空气和水。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中“It is about one quarter the size of the earth.”可知月亮是地球的四分之一大。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段中“One day on the moon is as long as two weeks on the earth.”可知月球上的一天相当于地球上的两个星期。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据第六段中“On the moon things are not as heavy as they are on the earth.”可知在月球上的东西不如在地球上那么重。故选D。

B

答案:1-5 ACDBD

解析:1.细节理解题。根据“There are more than 120 kinds of food and drinks inside. They are rich in nutrition”可知,它们营养丰富,故选A。

2.词义猜测题。根据“They will have to transfer pollen(花粉) to the flowers”可知,他们必须把花粉送到花上,所以transfer与move同义,故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据“The peppers are red. That might help astronauts feel better”可知,辣椒是红色的。这可能会让宇航员感觉更好,故选D。

4.推理判断题。根据“The environment on the space station is quite different from that on the earth. Astronauts don’t feel good and food also tastes different”可知,在太空的环境里,宇航员感觉不是很好,所以这种环境对他们是不好的,B表述正确,故选B。

5.最佳标题。根据“What do astronauts eat on the space station and where does their food come from”及全文的描述可知,本文主要介绍了宇航员在太空上的饮食以及食物是如何获取的,所以D选项“在太空上种植植物”符合本文标题,故选D。

C

答案：1-5 DBABA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据"Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun."可知, 因为月球比太阳离地球近, 所以它看起来就比太阳大得多。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据"When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is the day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is the night."当地球的这一部分朝向太阳时, 就是白天, 当地球的这一部分远离太阳时, 就是夜晚, 所以地球这一部分远离太阳时另一部分是白天。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据"But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth, too."可知, 人们和生物都生活在地球上。故选A。
4.细节理解题。根据"But at 9:00 a.m. on October 15th 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours."可知在2003年,十月15号九点,中国宇航员杨利伟被发送到太空,他在那待了21小时,那么他返回的时间则是在2003年十月16日6点。故选B。
5.细节理解题。根据"Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes around the sun, and the moon goes around the earth. The moon can’t give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too."通过地理课, 我们知道地球绕着太阳转, 月亮绕着地球转。月亮根本不发光, 但它看起来也很明亮, 可知A选项是正确的。故选A。

D

答案：1-5 CADBC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,2031年将会进行第一次到火星的载人飞行任务。故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据语境,此处表示“太空住宿对于普通家庭来说仍然很贵”,average在此处意为“普通的”。 故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段的"But it will accept passengers as soon as possible to get back the large investment. "可知,太空升降舱尽快搭载乘客的目的是收回巨额投资。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据第五段中的While a suborbital flight may not be the space mission that you have always dreamed of可知,B项描述与文章内容不符。故选B项。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的so the suborbital flights with thirty-minute weightlessness during the three-hour flight will for some time be the most popular trip可知,应选C项。

四、选词填空

答案：①scientists ②astronauts ③learn ④trip ⑤exploring ⑥something ⑦solar ⑧storms ⑨weighs⑩sent
解析：①scientist为可数名词, 由空前的Some可知, 此处应该填其复数形式scientists。

②根据语境可知, 来自中国、美国和俄罗斯的宇航员不止一个, 故应用名词的复数形式, 故填astronauts。

③learn basic computer skills意为“学习基本的计算机技能”。情态动词should后应用动词原形。

④句意为:我们可以想象, 太空之旅肯定很令人激动。 the trip to space意为“太空之旅”。

⑤句意为:我们也希望他们探索太空的梦想根据语境及所给词可知应选explore; of为介词, 后跟动词的动名词形式, 故填exploring。

⑥句意为:由于太空飞行, 人们知道了一些关于火星的事情。肯定句中用something。

⑦根据句中的planet和sun可知是指太阳系。solar system意为“太阳系”。

⑧句意为:在春季和夏季, 强暴风雨会席卷火星的表面。此处指不止一场暴风雨, storm为可数名词, 故填storm的复数形式。

⑨本句说的是一个科学道理,为客观事实,故用一般现在时。

⑩句意为:科学家们已经发送了更多宇宙飞船到外太空。send的过去分词形式是sent。

五、句子翻译

1.答案：scientists discovered

解析：根据have可知,此处用现在完成时,have discovered已经发现,作谓语,主语用复数形式,故此处为scientists discovered。

2.答案：impossible; to communicate with

解析：It’s impossible for sb to do sth对某人来说,做某事是不可能的,communicate with sb同某人交流,故此处为impossible; to communicate with。

3.答案：None to; protect; environment。

解析：none of them他们中没有一个, know to do sth知道做某事,protect the environment保护环境。故此处为None to; protect; environment。

4.答案：millions; since

5.答案：alone    feels    lonely   

六、书面表达

答案：

An Exciting Trip

Today is the year of 2050. Our school organized a great trip to Mars a few days ago.

We went to the Mars by spaceship. On Mars we visited everywhere. We found a lot of things different from our earth, such as big stones which can speak. It’s amazing.

After that, we had a party. Many aliens took an active part in the party. Their songs were very nice.

Finally, we made phone calls with aliens. We all have a good time on Mars.

The trip was very interesting and I will never forget the trip. I hope to travel to the Mars again soon.