专题11：完形填空+能力综合练-2022年高考二轮复习能力提升精品讲义15讲（上海）

第十一讲 完形填空篇+综合练 词汇拓展专题精选实战演练能力提升练词汇拓展四级词汇专题突破解题技巧解题思路一：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。①If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise②Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language解题思路二：仔细推敲, 注意逻辑关系和过渡词。做题时,要充分利用上下文,找到适当的逻辑关系。常考逻辑关系有：并列、转折、递进、对比、因果、让步、例证等。分为以下5种关系：1）对立关系包括让步和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, although, even though, nevertheless, in spite of, regardless of, anyhow, instead of, rather than, not…but等。2）因果关系常用的标志词和短语有：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, as a result, for this reason等。3）并列关系常用的标志词和短语有：and, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same…as等。4）总分关系常用的标志词和短语有：such as, for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically等。5）递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more，what’s worse, even worse等。题目中一般也会考一题过渡词。以下为必须掌握的常考过渡词和词组：①Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the 51 one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.51.A. positive B. opposite C. same D. wrong②More than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the first writer to consider that remains and ___52___ could provide information for later generations.③The continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it __51__ our kids.51. A. exhausts B. depresses C. terrifies D. exploits解题思路三：注意固定搭配，常用句型。包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。① The department for Education and Skills wants to 60 teaching of modem foreign languages (MFT) at an earlier stage in the future. Primary school children will get greater 61 to foreign language learning. 60. A. permit B. encourage C. demand D. offer61. A. admission B. access C. chance D. approach ②That also explains why schools and companies organize challenging trips and physical activities to __62__ team spirit.62. A. build up B. put down C. take over D. make out③A __60__ of people now believe – incorrectly – that global warming is not even caused by humans.60. A. mixture B. majority C. quantity D. crowd解题思路四：注意同形词的辨析。①Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations（波动）in the dollar exchange rate, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different__51___ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21st century. 51. A.experiment B. examination C. experience D. excursion ②A traveler from a country__60__ in the VWP must obtain an Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is___61___to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks.60.A.persevering B. previewing C. participating D. promoting 61.A.accessible B. acceptable C. available D. adaptable解题思路五：根据生活常识以及文化背景确定选项。①EFL teachers often complain that students, despite years of studying English, simply will not speak it. They’re too __63__ making mistakes of the grammar or mispronouncing words in a way that would __64__ them. 63. A. confident in B. comfortable with C. keen on D. afraid of64. A. amuse B. inform C. remind D. embarrass解题思路六: 利用原词复现或同现, 选择最佳选项。 1. 在完形填空中, 某一词语通常重复出现, 使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯, 从而构成一个完整的意义整体。①First of all he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to ______ six windows.A. rub    B. drop    C. break    D. clean  2. 同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。一个语篇，一个话题，要求有与之相连的词汇。 1）名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如： school---primary school—middle school—college—university students—pupils—graduates 2）动词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如： school—teach—learn—attend—found—drop out—graduate—be dismissed 3） 形容词同现; 就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。如： 在学校这个语境中：（key）school—（optional）course—（compulsory）course ①Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent ②The 60 Knows…….Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction.A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand解题思路七：仔细分析长难句。找出句子主干，主从句，定语状语等。①In today’s American society, high school dropout has day by day grown into a big problem threatening social and economic stability, as many cases of family ___51___ or even tragedies, caused by youth dropout are grabbing headlines in media. 51.A. objections B. conflicts C. establishments D. happiness答案： B。 长难句分析， 第一层是as 引导的原因状语从句，主句是school dropout has grown into a big problem. 后面紧跟 动名词做定语。 As 从句中 caused 过去分词作后置定语。在进行句子分析时，一定注意把定语等找出来。②In many countries, the language of education is not the same as the language of the home for 53 the majority of children . Furthermore, in many countries, young language learners comprise the most rapidly growing segment of the elementary (primary) school population. 54 While in some schools there is no extra support to help young language learners acquire the language of instruction, in most countries where there are large numbers of young learners, there is a ___55___ awareness of their special needs.55. A. reducing B. watching C. growing D. slipping解析： 55题根据前文可以推断出选C. growing 表示提高的意识。可以对这个长句子进行长难句分析：首先是while 引导的让步状语从句。 在while 从句中运用了help sb do sth 的结构。 在主句中，where 引导的定语从句，先行词是countries. 实战演练2018上海秋考Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.（回忆版，干扰选项不是原题）When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. ___41___, they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into ___42___. The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U.S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous ___43___ in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the ___44___ have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had sex fell from 54 percent in 1991 to 41 percent in 2015, according to Centers for Disease Control statistics. "People say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,' but they're ___45___ the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less ___46___in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society, they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her ___47___, exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the ___48___ effect, the study said. In the first scenario, "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more ___49___ and fewer resources," said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of "iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy - and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood." In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more ___50___ about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for "establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said. But America is shifting more toward the ___51___ model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whose parents didn't have a college ___52___...families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully nurtured has really sunk in." The ___53___ of "adult activities" could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the ___54___, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available., If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said. But  But it is not the ___55___, obviously that's a concern."【Keys】BDCBD ABCDC ADBAC2018上海春考Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.（回忆版）Humans hate markedly to give workers more than they deserve, and indeed many will settle for less to compensate worke quitably. But is this impulse ___41___? Perhaps not, says psychological scientist Marie Schäfer in Germany. According to Schäfer, nobody has ever looked at how young children from different ___42___ think about merit when sharing rewards. There is reason to suspect that meritocracy（英才教育）may be more of a Western concept and value, so she and several colleagues decided to put this to the test, studying the ___43___ of children, four to 11 years old, in three different cultures.The idea was to test how much the children valued merit. So each child was given a number of sweets equal to the total number of fish in the catch, and was told to distribute the sweets any way he or she wanted — without adults in the room to influence them. If they valued merit, children should ___44___ the sweets according to shares of the catch.That is, if they had landed the same number of fish, they would choose to reward each one ___45___, but if one fared much better at fishing, rewards would also be disproportionate. In the case where they were simply given the fish, rewards should be unrelated to catch size — since no effort was involved.Culture ___46___ . That’s the main finding among many from the study, as described in a forthcoming issue of the journal Psychological Science. The German children distributed the spoils of the day precisely in proportion to ___47___, even when this meant a very unbalanced distribution of rewards. By contrast, children from the two rural African societies barely took merit into consideration at all. These findings suggest that the basic notion of merit and distributive justice is far from universal in our species, and that ___48___ is culturally defined.But why? The scientists offer some ___49___ on this. It could be that in large-scale societies like Germany, a meritocracy is ___50___ for regulating transactions between people who don’t know each other and may not interact again. The focus is on equitable interactions, because things won’t be “evened out” in the future. In small scale societies,  ___51___ most exchanges take place between people who are ___52___ with one another. It may be more important in such societies to build long-term relationships based on equity —rather than to insist on equity in a single transaction. In egalitarian forager societies, such as the Haillom, ___53___ is an important leveling mechanism, ___54___ asymmetries in wealth and increasing harmony. Children may internalize these social values early on, and apply them even when the fishing trip is ___55___.【Keys】BABDC CADBD  CADCB2017上海秋考Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.（非官方版）Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, (41) ______ a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who wants to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, (42) ______ feedback, modification, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be (43) ______ or boring. Why?The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely (44) ______ in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,” or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the (45) ______ of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) (46) ______ skill level, and where the individual is able to (47) ______ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most (48) ______ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality(自带目的性人格)”—a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are also (49) ______ and have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their capacity for “disinterested interest” have a great (50) ______ over others in developing their innate abilities.Fortunately for those of us who aren’t (51) ______ blessed with an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be (52) ______ by environmental factors. (53) ______, the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states. While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn dull practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is heartening that we seem, at least to some (54) ______, to be able to push ourselves toward flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimal (55) ______, and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.【Keys】 BDACA BDCBC ADABD2017上海春考Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ever been just about to call someone when the phone rings and the person in question is on the other end? Or have you experienced a sudden feeling of unease or danger, even though you're in a(n) 41 situation? If you don’t believe in it, you’ll put it down to 42 and an overactive imagination. But some people believe it is 43 that there is a sixth sense beyond smell, taste, touch, hearing and sight. Now, scientists are carrying out experiments not only to prove that it exists, but also to find out how you can 44 it to your advantage.Dean Radin, a researcher in California, has set up the Boundary Institute in Los Altos and is currently using its website to recruit (招募) 4, 000 people in 57 countries to find out if there are any 45 instances of sixth sense or, as he calls it, "recognition"— the ability to predict outcomes. The results so far are 46 . In a card test, where you have to 47 which of the five cards on a computer screen will be turned over to reveal a picture, the top scorers hit the the right card 48% of the time— 48 of this happening are 2,669 to 1. 49 , Radin’ s most famous study involves participants looking at a variety of image that are designed to stimulate a specific response. In the experiment, participants sit alone in room in front of a computer, with devices attached to their bodies to measure changes in skin resistance and blood flow, which are measures of emotional arousal. Radin has found that one in six people has a rise in arousal before they see the road accident-type pictures, while remaining 50 before the tree-type pictures.But even if you do accept that a sixth sense exists, the question is, does it actually 51 ? Radin says it does. “The future of our civilization depends on 52 that are being made now, whether it's about how we farm our food, how we get rid of our waste or whether we allow chemicals to be included in everyday products. We don’ t have answers to these important questions, yet what we decide on will 53 our lives for decades or longer. Anything we can do to improve our ability to predict future events is well worth the 54 .” He says. If it turns out that some people can genuinely forecast the future some of the time, as I believe the data shows, then 55 this ability is as important as cutting-edge science.41. A. unfamiliar B. tough C. harmless D. ridiculous42. A. coincidence B. resistance C. innovation D. distraction43. A. mystery B. evidence C. falsehood D. innocence44. A. alter B. define C. find D. use45. A. historical B. strange C. mistaken D. true46. A. extraordinary B. inevitable C. alarming D. disappointing47. A. ask B. guess C. recall D. learn48. A. figures B. methods C. scores D. chances49. A However B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. Consequently50. A. active B. calm C.silent D. alert51. A. serve any purpose B. take any advantage C. make any progress D. win any support52. A. inquiries B. decisions C. donations D. comparisons53. A. ruin B. improve C. affect D. maintain54. A. expense B. risk C. effort D. wait55. A. proving B. challenging C. limiting D. understanding【Keys】 CABDD ABDCB ABCCD 能力提升练（一）Grammar Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. （2018届高三上中东校期中）It’s rare that the protagonist（主人公） in a Chinese movie wins the audience’s hearts with an emotionally uplifting message, rather than by showing off his or her good looks. But Wolf Warrior II is putting China in the global spotlight. It’s also the first film (21)______(taste) success both in terms of box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred in and directed the action movie. Since its release on July 27, it (22)_____(earn) an unimaginable 4.5 billion yuan, setting a record for domestic movies at the box office.The film focuses on a rescue operation in Africa, (23)_____(lead)by former special forces soldier Leng Feng – played by Wu. Leng helps Chinese workers and local Africans flee a war-torn and plague-ravaged country.Wolf Warrior II links art to reality, and reminds people (24)______the massive evacuation of Chinese people from Libya when civil war (25)_______(break)out there in 2011, and from Yemen in 2015, as well as the challenges the Ebola virus created in West Africa from 2013 to 2016.The film describes (26)________ the Chinese government aims to protect overseas Chinese citizens. Just (27)_________ the message at the end of the film reads, “Citizens of the People’s Republic of China, when you encounter danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, at your back (28)________(stand) a strong motherland.”Thanks to China’s increasing participation in global affairs, the president could be (29)_________ (describe) the right moment to introduce a modern Chinese hero.“(30)__________ up a banner of peace, friendship and responsibility, Wolf Warrior II should be seen as a brave effort to promote Chinese values around the world,” columnist Zhu Ping wrote in China Daily. “It’s time Chinese filmmakers produced films that tell good stories and carry the right spirit. Let us assume Wolf Warrior II has started that trend.”21.to taste 22.has earned 23.led 24.of 25.broke 26.how 27.as 28.stands 29.be considered 30.Holding（二）六选四 2018复旦附中月考Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“My work is done.” Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman. He included them in his suicide note. They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man. The same words could now be said for the company he left behind. Actually, the Eastman Kodak Company is through. It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and competitively. _____67_____ One of America’s bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed.But George Eastman is not how he died, and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed. Though the ends be needless and premature, they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before. Few companies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world. _____68_____Kodak served mankind through entertainment, science, national defense and the stockpiling of family memories. Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility. It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne, and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks. _____69_____ When that sailor kissed the nurse, and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba, Kodak was the eyes of a nation. From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley, Kodak took us there. Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to generation from the Eastman Kodak Company. _____70_____ Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take unnatural pictures in studios and formal settings. But most people couldn’t afford photographs, and so all they had to remember distant loved ones, or earlier times of their lives, was memory. Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people, grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like. Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection, to the permanence of a photograph. But it wasn’t just people whose features were savable; it was events, the precious times that families cherish. The Kodak moment, was humanity’s moment. DFAC（三）阅读Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（2018黄浦一模） (C)①Australians have long been known for having a relaxed and casual attitude to life. According to Dr Tanya King, senior lecturer from Victoria’s Deakin University, “It’s Australians’ egalitarianism, sense of humor and informal language that are most commonly mentioned as examples of this attitude”.②Egalitarianism roots in the way that the nation was built. In Australia’s founding era in the late 1700s, criminal settlers were often cruelly treated and robbed of their basic human rights by governors. The criminal class, who were mostly working-class Brits and Irish, was unable to seek civic positions that were reserved for immigrants who were not the criminal, with the latter arguing that if criminals gained equal rights it would be ‘rewarding criminality’. Because of this, an egalitarian spirit was worn as a symbol of honor by many criminal settlers. They may not have had power, education or wealth, but they had a shared belief in equality.③The informal way Australians use language is also believed to root in criminal times. Philologist Sidney Baker once wrote that ‘no other class would have a better talent for creating new terms to fit in with their new conditions in life’. Cockney rhyming slang brought over by the British working class was abbreviated even further – so ‘have a Captains Cook’ (have a look), became ‘ava captains’. This same practice was used to economize ordinary clauses. Words like ‘good day’ became ‘g’day’, and barbecue was ‘barbie’.④The tough conditions of settler times also played a part in Australians’ dry, self-criticizing and sarcastic （讽刺的） sense of humor. While in many countries it’s considered poor taste to find humor in difficult circumstances, Australians tend to look at the lighter side. On one road trip, as I hit the state line and entered Victoria, I drove past some blackened trees, the leftovers of a recent bushfire. A road sign warning drivers about wildlife was half-melted and bent, but the shape of a hopping kangaroo was still distinct. Behind the figure, someone had drawn flames making it look as though the animal’s tail was on fire. I couldn’t help but laugh – it was a brilliant reminder of the country’s ‘nothing upsets us’ and anti-authoritarian attitude.⑤And one thing you can’t help but notice when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space. This, along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate, all contribute to Australians’ relaxed attitude.63. The underlined word “egalitarianism” is closest to __________ in meaning. A. criminality B. cruelty C. equality D. governmentalism64. Which of the following is a feature of the way Australians use language? A. They use more slangs than other people. B. They give new meanings to existent words. C. They favour shortened forms of expressions. D. They coin terms in memory of criminal times.65. What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A. Kangaroos’ living conditions are getting tougher. B. Forest fires threaten Australians’ life to a great extent. C. Potential danger is here and there on the roads in Victoria. D. Australians’ jokes may not be as careless as they seem on the surface.66. The passage mainly talks about __________. A. how the late 1700s impacted Australia B. why Australians enjoy casual life so much C. what contributes to Australians’ relaxed lifestyle D. how Australians present their attitude towards life答案：63-66 CCDD（四）写作请简要描述图片，并结合图片内容谈谈自己的想法。As is vividly depicted in the picture, a young man, with a heavy burden on his back, feel at a loss when faced with the problem of choosing a job. There are two ways in front of him, to choose a job according to his personal interests or based on employment pressure.What it illustrates is a common phenomenon in today’s society. Nowadays, many college graduates may well face the same situation as the young man in this picture. What can we do in the presence of the pressure from both society and family? Many people, regardless of their own interests, may choose the highly-paid professions to ensure their bright future and live up to their parents’ expectations. But for my part, I think we should follow our own interests. Only when we are doing what we like, can we do our work better. What’s more, the purpose of choosing a career is to satisfy ourselves instead of our parents.When it comes to a bright future, I think not only can the highly-paid profession contribute to it, but also our personal interest. Do not allow yourself to be limited by others. Just do what you like. I firmly believe that we can fly higher with our own wings.词义例句drought [draʊt]n. 干旱The crops died during the drought.durable ['djʊərəb(ə)l]adj. 耐用的，持久的Wood is a durable material.dwell [dwel]vi. 居住；存在于；细想某事dwell on 细想; 详述They dwelt in the forest."I'd rather not dwell on the past," he told me. dynamic  [daɪ'næmɪk]adj. 动态的，有活力的；n. 动态；动力He seemed a dynamic and energetic leader. The dynamic of the market demands constant change and adjustment. elastic  [ɪ'læstɪk]adj. 有弹性的；灵活的n. 松紧带；橡皮圈Demand for this type of holiday will probably be fairly elastic. a piece of elasticembrace [ɪmˈbreɪs]v. 拥抱，欣然接受，乐意采纳〔新思想、意见、宗教等〕n. 拥抱Jack warmly embraced his son.We hope these regions will embrace democratic reforms. They held each other in a tender embrace. emit  [ɪ'mɪt]v. 散发，发出〔气、热、光等〕The new device emits a powerful circular column of light. enforce [ɪn'fɔːs]vt. 实施，执行；强迫，强制Parking restrictions will be strictly enforced.ethnic  ['eθnɪk]adj. 种族的；民族的The school teaches pupils from different ethnic groups.evaporate  [ɪ'væpəreɪt]v. (使)蒸发；〔感觉〕逐渐消逝Most of the water had evaporated. Hopes of achieving peace are beginning to evaporate. exaggerate [ɪɡ'zædʒəreɪt]v. 夸大；夸张They exaggerate their height and salary.exceed [ɪk'siːd]vt. 超过；胜过；超越His performance exceeded our expectations. He accepts that he was exceeding the speed limit. exceedingly [ɪk'siːdɪŋli]adv. 非常；极其We had an exceedingly good lunch.excess  [ɪk'ses; 'ekses]n. 超过，超额；过量；无节制adj. 额外的，过量的；附加的It was an excess of enthusiasm that caused the problem. Cut any excess fat from the meat. excessive [ɪkˈsesɪv]adj. 过多的，极度的；过分的Their spending on research is excessive and is slowing developments of new treatments. 52. A. booksB. historyC. ruinsD. science41.A.ThereforeB. RatherC. MoreoverD.Besides42.A. childrenB. classmateC.friendD.adulthood43.A.escapesB. endsC. decreasesD.changes44.A. minoritiesB.majoritiesC.massesD.packs45.A.takingB. avoidingC.sendingD. missing46.A.interested B.enviedC.relievedD. realized47.A.emotionsB. surroundingsC. customsD.habits48.A. wrongB.sameC. oppositeD.similar49.A.troubleB. questionsC.benefitsD. diseases50.A.deliberatelyB.delicatelyC. seriouslyD.really51.A. slowerB.betterC.smallerD. more52.A.economyB. relationC.familyD.education53.A. implementB.postponement C.achievementD.payment54.A.causeB.impactC.factD. result55.A.eventB.issueC.caseD. occasion41.A.unblockedB.universalC.unconsciousD.unique42.A.culturesB.coursesC.companiesD.aspects43.A.moodB.behaviorC.emotionD.habit44.A.collectB.loadC. stressD.distribute45.A.reallyB.deliberatelyC. equallyD.happily46.A.opensB.survivesC. mattersD.occurs47.A. productivityB.benefitC.interestD.survey48.A.tirednessB.businessC.thicknessD.fairness49.A.feelingsB.thoughtsC.livesD.emotions50.A.usefulB.majorC.smallD.important51.A.in a wordB.in additionC.by contrastD.what’s more52.A.familiarB.delightedC.satisfiedD.same53.A.cooperationB.smilingC.equalingD.sharing54.A.forcingB.judgingC.balancingD.experiencing55.A.creativeB.imaginaryC.innovativeD.logic41. A. inquiresB. requires C. acquiresD. gains42. A. preventableB. maintainableC. sustainableD. critical43. A. frustratingB. encouragingC. concerningD. instructing44. A. improvedB. indictedC. involvedD. inspired45. A. conceptB. receiptC. receptionD. conception46. A. alternateB. appropriateC. approximateD. adequate47. A. makeB. adoptC. adaptD. adjust48. A. fullyB.reallyC. readilyD. accidentally49. A. insistentB. persistentC. consistentD. resistant50. A. addictB. advanceC. advantageD. admire51. A. necessarilyB. obviouslyC. graduallyD. occasionally52. A. forbiddenB.functionedC. fastenedD. facilitated53. A. In particularB. For exampleC. Such asD. In comparison54. A. intentionB. extentC. purposeD. intent55. A. temptationB. charmingC. attractionsD. distractionsIt showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy, and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor.George Eastman was not only interested in commercial profits, but also in the improvement of other people’s lives.In an era of easy digital photography, when we can take a picture of anything at any time, we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people.For 20 years, its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony(祖传的财物) of a century’s prosperity.Before George Eastman brought photography to people, painting was the only way for people to keep a record of their ancestors.It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company.