专题07：非谓语动词复习+能力综合练-2022年高考二轮复习能力提升精品讲义15讲（上海）

     非谓语动词复习+综合练              四级词汇词义例句merit ['merɪt]n. 优点，价值vt. 值得They have been persuaded of the merits of peace.It’s a fascinating book which merits attention.  modify ['mɒdɪfaɪ]v. 修改，修饰；更改The feedback will be used to modify the course for next year. motive ['məʊtɪv]n. 动机，目的；主题Police have ruled out robbery as a motive for the killing. mutual ['mjuːtʃuəl]adj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的Mutual respect is necessary for any partnership to work. navigation [nævɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n]n. 航行；航海Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat to navigation. odour ['əʊdə] n. 气味I love the delightful odour of freshly roasted coffee beans.optical ['ɒptɪk(ə)l]adj. 光学的；眼睛的，视觉的But the scene is actually an optical illusion.ornament ['ɔːnəm(ə)nt]n. 装饰品，摆设，点缀vt. 装饰，修饰a shelf covered with books and ornaments a silver goblet ornamented with pearls overwhelm [əʊvə'welm]vt. 淹没；压倒；受打击；覆盖；压垮使不知所措be overwhelmed by/withThe children were overwhelmed with excitement.We were overwhelmed by the number of applications.In 1532 the Spaniards finally overwhelmed the armies of Peru.pane [peɪn]n. 窗格；面；嵌板I watch my reflection in a pane of glass. panel ['pæn(ə)l]n. 仪表板；嵌板；座谈小组，全体陪审员A panel of experts has looked at the proposal.There were a few panels missing from the fence. pant [pænt]n./v 气喘；喘息She climbed rapidly until she was panting with the effort. particle  ['pɑːtɪk(ə)l]n. 颗粒；微粒；极小量There is a particle of truth in his statement. What is the velocity of this particle?pebble ['peb(ə)l]n. 卵石The beach was covered with smooth white pebbles. peep [piːp]n. 偷看；隐约看见，瞥见 Henry peeped through the window into the kitchen. Purple and yellow flowers peeped up between rocks. （一）不定式思维导图（二）动名词思维导图（三）分词思维导图（四）非谓语动词成分  （一）填空不定式It includes points such as bringing necessary equipment (22)__________ (assist) yourself and others, seeking shelter if necessary and feeling no shame in turning around.Mr.Troiano is on track (23)__________ (sell) more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s.Michael Engel, a professor at the University of Kansas, was approached (27)__________ (examine) the grasshopper further.Dozens of families recently arrived at the animal park after hours of driving, only (30)__________ (find) it closed for the winter.Although the interest in teaching effectiveness is important, this approach does not offer strategy (30)__________ (ensure) that teachers will have opportunities to gain the knowledge and skills they need in order to be effective, or that all schools will have the resources to attract and hire the best teachers.Would it be better (27)__________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?Reading lends the soul and mind a place (24)__________ (escape).The British often disagrees about the best way (26)__________ (educate) their children.“She asked me what I was worried about and I told her.’’I said, hanging my head. “And give her more (26)__________ (worry)about?” replied my consultant.This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was (24)__________ (offer) a practical solution o people with unlimited access to power and electricity.His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them (29)__________ (fix) everything technically.” he said.He hopes to get established enough (29)__________ (make) a living from his work.Increased efforts by green groups (24) __________(educate) the public about the benefits of recycling have also helped.答案：1. to assist  2. to sell (be on track to do sth.)  3. to examine  4. to find(only后不定式作结果状语，表意料之外的结果)  5. to ensure  6. to buy  7. to escape  8. to educate  9. to worry  10. to offer  11. to fix  12. to make  13. to educate 动名词(21)______ (Create) a system that can routinely hire and prepare teachers effectively and can support successful teaching is the arena (竞技场) in which the United States has fallen behind the most. Today, 90 percent of children aged 11 to 16 from the same area go to the same school without (25) _________ (take) any entry examination.In December 2015, Kevin received an award from the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission. "Lots of honour-receivers lost their lives saving someone," he says. "(30) ______ (put) in the same category is very humbling."(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. 答案：1. Creating  2. taking  3. Being put   4. Involving 分词My stepmother, grandmother, and I all read the same books. Nothing is better than being able to share the tense moments, near misses, and happy endings while (28)______(drink) a steaming cup of coffee together with someone.But in no case is there a fully (23)______ (develop) system of instructional support even remotely comparable to that in high-achieving nations.A regulation (27)______ (focus) on easy access and easy firing ignores the question of how to develop widespread teaching skills and ensure a strong supply of highly able teachers for schools.After a few hours, a newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, (25)_____ (look) around confusedly.Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips."I let them talk about their opinions," she said, "They feel better when (28) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be."And with the high amount of people who come unprepared for such an active hike, Norway’s leading hiking group, Friluftsliv, also has called for regulations on the number of tourists (28) ______ (hike) to Trolltunga.But you cannot always believe what you see. These pictures, with their incredible photographic details, are in fact the creations (21) ______ (draw) by Scottish hyper-realist Paul Cadden.His creations reflect his love for details, with a single image (25) ______ (take) up to six weeks to produce.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype (原型) for a flashlight (23) _____ (power) by the heat of one’s hand.The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light for 20 minutes, (27) _____ (use) only the warmth of the human hand.As Kevin gazed at the river, he caught sight of several people on the bank (21) ______ (motion) toward the water.We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family.Art conservators (管理员) dream of finding (21)_______(hide) secrets in the masterpieces they look after.(23)_______(look) at the painting with the microscope, I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered in the paint, so it must have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.When the person using the fork starts to slurp (发出"哧溜"声), the fork sends a signal to the person’s phone, (27) ______ (make) it play a sound to mask the slurping noise.However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it uncomfortable to get their hands (30) ______ (cover) in oil and bits of food.I stood (23)________(look) at him as she gave a detailed history.It provides grammar and (25)______(write) language skills.During the 2008-09 recession, notes Mr. Troiano, the owner of Continental RV, RV dealerships everywhere closed down, leaving his shop among the very few (22) ______ (leave) serving the New York metropolitan area.Plain and simple, recycling still costs more than landfilling in most places. This fact, (21) ________(couple) with the disappearance of the so-called “landfill crisis” of the mid-1990s, means that recycling has not caught onThe new deal and new facility have made recycling efficient for the city and its residents (30) ________(show) once and for all that responsibly-run recycling programs can actually save money, landfill space and the environment. 答案：1. drinking  2. developed；focusing/focused  3. looking   4. extended；telling  5.  hiking  6. taking  7. powered；using  8. monitoring  9. joining  10. Looking  11. making；covered  12. looking  13. written  14. left   15. coupled  16. showing  1. The next morning she found the man in bed, _____ (lie) dead.2. The furniture ______(deliver) on October 15 was seriously damaged because of a road accident .3. Most of the people_______(invite) to the party were famous scientists.4. —Good morning. Can I help you?   —I’d like to have this package________(weigh), madam.5. ________(give) more attention, the trees could have grown better.6. She reached the top of the hill and stopped________(rest) on a big rock by the side of the path.7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands______(tie) behind his back.8. The secretary worked late into the night, _______(prepare) a long speech for the president.9. I can hardly imagine Peter_______(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.10. The Olympic Games, first________(play) in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.11. __________(not finish) his homework, he was forbidden to watch the game.12. The _________(increase) world population is the result of recent advances in medical science.13. Cleaning women in big cities usually get______ (pay) by the hour.14. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ (make) it the most popular sport in the world.15. Robert is said_________(study) abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.16. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, ______(read) “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”17. It is impossible to avoid ______(influence) by advertisements in a modern society.18. Some people believe that some numbers show the ______(hide) side of a person’s personality.19. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?  —key to______ (solve) the problem is to meet the demand _______(make) by the customers.20. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains______ (see) whether they will enjoy it.21. The research is so designed that once______ (begin) nothing can be done to change it.22. Time should be made good use of __________（learn）our lessons well. 23. Walking past the park, I couldn’t help ______(stop) to watch some children flying kites.24. Generally speaking, when________(take) according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.25. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered_______(issue) clear warnings before firing any shots.26. There is a new problem _______(involve) in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need ______(improve).27. The manager, ______ (know) his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.28. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _______ (see) whether he was going in the right direction.29. Don’t be discouraged. ______ (take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.30. Unless______ (invite)to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.1. lying  2. delivered   3. invited   4. weighed   5. given    6. to rest   7. tied   8. preparing9. sailing  10. played  11. Not finishing  12. increasing   13. paid  14. making   15. to have studied16. reading   17. being influenced    18. hidden   19. solving  made   20. to be seen   21. begun22. to learn   23. stopping   24. taken    25. to issue   26. involved  improving   27 knowing28. to see     29. Take      30. invited   （一）语法和词汇Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Report on the Survey of Home and AbroadThis is a brief report on a survey carried out among the students in my class on the topic of “Home and abroad”. The survey (21) __________ (intend) to find out whether students prefer watching TV shows from abroad or from their own country. The survey also investigated students’ choices of music, food, everyday products and the clothes they wear.More than 70 percent of the students (22) __________ (interview) said that they think TV shows from their own country are superior (23) __________ the ones from abroad. The majority of the students, however, prefer listening to music from abroad. Only a small minority of the students (about 15 percent) said that they would rather (24) __________ (eat) food from abroad, but approximately half of the students said they would like to eat more local food. About half of the students think that at home they use more products from abroad, and something like 60 percent wear clothes that were made in other countries.(25) __________ number of students made very interesting comments. A typical answer was “I don’t really care whether something is from own country or from abroad. (26) __________ matters more for me is the price and the quality of the things I buy.” Only one student said that he never buys things from abroad, (27) __________ he claimed was an important principle for him.I must say that the outcome of the survey (28) __________ (not surprise) me at all. The answers were in line with (29) __________ own thoughts on the subject, but nevertheless it was interesting to carry out the survey (30) __________ it backed up what I had expected."21. was intended 22. interviewed 23. to   24. eat   25. A 26. what   27. which   28. didn’t surprise 29. my   30. because  Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accompany   B. approach    C. circumstances   D. completely   E. impress    F. limits G. mistakenly   H. persuasive   I. produce         J. requesters     K. strategic A single word will helpLet’s think about waiting in line. Whether you’re at a bank, a supermarket, or an amusement park, waiting in line is probably not your idea of fun. Under what ___31___ would you be willing to let another person cut in front of you? Is it possible that just a single word from ___32___ could dramatically increase the likelihood that you’d say, “Yes, go ahead”？Yes, and the word is because. Behavioral scientist Ellen Langer and her colleagues decided to put the ___33___ power of this word to the test. In one study, she arranged for a stranger to ___34___ some waiting to use a photocopier and ask “Excuse me. I just have five pages. May I use the machine?” In this situation, 60 percent of the people agreed to allow the stranger to go ahead of them. However, when the stranger followed the request with a reason (“because I am in a rush”) almost everyone (94 percent of the people) complied (同意).Then Langer repeated the experiment. This time the stranger also used the word because, but followed it with a(n) ___35___ meaningless reason (“because I have to make copies”). Even with this meaningless reason, 93 percent agreed to let the stranger go first.This study demonstrates the unique motivational influence of the word because.Of course like most things, the power of because has its ___36___. In the previous study the request was small — five copies. Langer repeated the experiment, but told the person to ask to make 20 copies. This time, when the stranger did not use the word because, only 24 percent agreed, and when the meaningless reason was added, this didn’t help to ___37___ any increase in compliance at all. However, when the request was made with a good reason, 50 percent of the people asked agreed.These findings serve as a reminder to always be sure to ___38___ your request with a reason, even when you think the reasons might be pretty clear. Too often we ___39___ assume that other people understand the reasons behind our requests. Rather than telling your children to “come to the table for dinner now” or “go to bed immediately” a more ___40___ way would be to provide a reason why you are asking them to take that action — and not just “because I said so.”31—40 CJHBD FIAGK （二）翻译1、老人们发现越来越难跟上现代科学的发展。(keep up)  2、为了解决交通问题，政府呼吁我们每天乘公车或地铁上班（call on） 3、接完电话，他既没关门也没关灯就匆匆忙忙离开了办公室。（with） 4、我校同学每逢节假日都到周边社区去当志愿者/义工。(make it a rule) 5、经理对新政策很满意，认为它是一种有效的宣传产品的方法。(promote) 6、伸出援手去帮助那些身处困境的人们，你就会发现你的人生更有意义。（aid  n.） 7、他周末常常去公园钓鱼，对“禁止垂钓”的标志视而不见。（turn） 8、各种各样的媒体使我们有可能及时地获得许多有价值的信息。(it) 9、世界各地的导演、演员不远万里齐聚一堂，令本次电影节受到了广泛的关注利报道。 (attention) 10、整个周末他都在忙着复习备考，只在吃饭的时候才歇一歇。(busy) 1. People find it increasingly difficult to keep up with the development of modern science.2. To solve the traffic problems, the government called on us to go to work by bus or by subway every day.3. Having answered the phone, he left the office in a hurry( rushed out of the office) with the door open and the light(s ) on. 4. The students in my school make it a rule to work as volunteers in the nearby neighborhood in holidays.5. The manager was pleased with the new policy, believing it was an effective way to promote the products.6. Reach out your hands in aid of those（who are）in trouble and you’ll find your life more meaningful.7. He often goes fishing in the park on/at weekends, turning a blind eye to the “No Fishing” sign.8. Different kinds of media make it possible for us to obtain large amounts of valuable information in time.9. Directors and actors from all over the World have traveled all the way to gather here, making the film festival receive widespread attention and coverage.              10. He was busy reviewing his lessons and preparing for the exam the whole weekend, only taking a break at meal time.  （三）六选四Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.（2018格致中学高三开学考）The electricity is routed to a power station. Then the wind is converted into a new form of energy. With its weak points, wind power is still one of the best forms of alternative energy.The public desire a reliable source of alternative energy.E. Changes are also being made to wind farms to allow for more efficient use of wind. F. The decrease in cost has made the wind power more feasible.Though the earliest form of wind power has been around for almost one thousand years it was not used to convert wind energy into electricity until the 20th century. It has become more important as oil prices are rising.        67        Especially popular in Europe, wind power makes up almost 20% percent of the electricity in Demark and close to 10% in Spain. Wind power is becoming increasingly attractive over other forms of alternative energy because of its comparatively low cost and free of pollution. The attractiveness of wind energy is that it is clean and also renewable. As research has progressed wind power has become more cost effective as construction cost has gone down. Wind towers are large towers that have a turbine (涡轮机) installed on top and wired to wind blades. The turbine is protected from the elements by a casing known as the nacelle. The multi-bladed wind towers turn as wind blows on the blades. As the blades turn, the turbine is turned around resulting in the conversion of the wind energy into electricity.         68        As the wind tower design has improved, the efficiency in which electricity is made is also improved. In 2005 it cost 1500 euro to produce one kilowatt of electricity, but the cost has fallen to 1300 euro by 2007.        69        Less time is needed to maintain towers while the amount of electricity that each tower produces has gone up. Improvements in design have made towers much safer not only for the technicians to work on them but also for the residents nearby. Brakes are added to all towers as a result of several tower collapses.         70         Though it can be argued that the processes required to manufacture wind towers creates pollution, the negative effects caused by manufacture of towers can be offset within nine months. While fossil energy is required to manufacture the wind towers which results in carbon dioxide emission, the “pay back” is quick and clear. The continued operation of wind towers helps further conserve and reduces the amount of energy of fossil used.   67-70 DAFC （四）概要写作Directions:Read the following passage and write a summary of about 50-60 words.      Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young people child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon – can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.     We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels make that individual different from others.     Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” look like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about some someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm and so forth.     There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words charactering differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types--- people are described with such terms.     People have always tried to “type” each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s（坏人）or the hero’s role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask”. Today, most television and movies actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad guys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.Summary:     Faces are like fingerprints, (which are) different from one another, are difficult to be described.  However, human personality, (though complex), is more easily described than describe one’s face. About 18000 English words can be employed to describe one’s thoughts, feelings and actions, and one’s personality can be typed in appearance as well as in actions in modern Televisions or movies.  (60words)