Day 3 2022高考英语思维导图识记3500词汇+阅读打卡

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Day 3      2022高考3500词汇阅读打卡板块一：brainstorming 板块二：高频词汇词义用法精析likely adj.可能的　adv.很可能考点必记(1)be likely to (do)...可能(做)……It is likely that...可能……It is possible(for sb)to do...某人可能做……It is possible that...可能……It is probable that...可能……(2)not likely 不会;不可能 talent n.天资,天赋;天才考点必记(1)have a talent for...有……的天资talent exchange人才交流talent show才艺竞赛;才艺秀(2)talented adj.有天赋的be talented in 在……方面有天赋 potential n.潜力考点必记have the potential to do sth有做某事的潜力the potential for (doing)sth(做)某事的可能性/潜力achieve/realize one’s (full)potential(充分)发挥某人的潜力 strength n.[U]力量,力气;[C]长处,优势考点必记(1)build up one’s strength增强体力with all one’s strength竭尽全力have the strength to do sth有力气/能力做某事strengths and weaknesses长处与不足(2)strengthen v.加强;增强;巩固(3)strong adj.强壮的;坚强的;浓的 disadvantage n.缺点;不利因素;障碍考点必记(1)advantages and disadvantages利与弊at a disadvantage处于不利地位to one’s disadvantage/to the disadvantage of sb对某人不利put/place sb at a disadvantage使某人处于不利地位(2)advantage n.有利条件;有利因素;优势take advantage of利用have an advantage over sb比某人强;占上风(尤指知其所不知)(3)advantageous adj.有利的;有好处的advantageously adv.有利地;有好处地 growth n.增加,增长;成长,生长考点必记grow vt.种植　vi.生长,发育;渐渐变得常见的“变成”类系动词有become,get,come,go,grow,fall,turn等,都表示从一种状态到另一种状态,都可以接介词短语。尽管意思都差不多,但搭配有差别,若不注意,使用时会出错。(1)形容词作表语。go和come是一对相反的词。“go+ adj.”修饰令人不快的事情,而“come+ adj.”修饰好的事情。go与come前面的主语一般是物。如果表语为mad,blind,lame或表示颜色的词,go前面的主语可以是人。(2)grow与run相对,接表示人或物特征的静态形容词,也接表示天气的形容词,侧重于“逐渐变成”。(3)turn多接表示颜色的形容词,也接表示天气的形容词,它侧重变得与以前完全不同。(4)fall接asleep,silent等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词,但不能接形容词比较级。(5)“get+ adj.”是口语,用得较广泛,get能替代become;become较正式,get与become前面的主语既可以是人又可以是物。get较多地与形容词比较级连用。(6)become,turn,get,go,fall都能用名词作表语,其他的则不能。注意:go,turn后面的名词通常不带冠词。(7)come,grow,get能接不定式,这种结构表示变化过程,come表示“最终变得”,get表示“由……变得”,grow表示“渐渐变得”。 appear 1) vi.  出现，露面     2)  系动词 似乎，好像考点必记appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎It appears (to sb) that /as if   仿佛；好像He appeared to be happy in the news.   他听到这个消息似乎很高兴。It appears to me that he will win        我觉得他一定会赢的 It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。 Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。appearance n.   出现，露面；容貌 judge by appearances 以貌取人 survive vt.继续存在;比……活得长　vi.幸存;生存下来;残存考点必记(1)A survive B　A比B活的时间长survive the accident在事故中幸免于难(2)survivor n.幸存者;逃生者survival n.幸存,生存survival of the fittest适者生存 disappoint vt.使失望,使扫兴考点必记(1) disappoint sb使某人失望(2)disappointment n.失望;沮丧;令人失望的人或事物to one’s disappointment令某人感到失望的是(3)disappointed adj.对……感到失望的disappointing adj.令人失望的be disappointed at/by sth因……感到失望be disappointed at/with sb/sth对……失望 appointment n.约会,预约;任命,委任考点必记(1)have an appointment with sb和某人有约会keep an/one’s appointment守约break an/one’s appointment违约;失约make/fix an appointment with sb与某人约会(2)appoint vt.约定;任命;委派appoint sth for为……约定……(3)appointed adj.约定的 appreciate vt.欣赏,赞赏;感激;领会,理解考点必记(1)appreciate sb/sth欣赏;高度评价;理解appreciate (one’s) doing sth感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if...如果……,我会感激不尽的。(2)appreciation n.欣赏;感激in appreciation of欣赏;感激 approve vt.&vi.批准,通过;赞成,同意考点必记(1)approve sth批准某事approve of (doing)sth赞成(做)某事(2)approval n.赞成,承认;正式批准without approval未经许可(3)disapprove v.不赞成,不同意;不批准 commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入;犯罪,犯错;承诺,保证考点必记(1)commit murder/suicide谋杀/自杀commit an error做错事commit crime犯罪be committed to prison被关进监狱commit oneself to(doing)sth保证做某事,致力于做某事be committed to doing sth致力于做某事(2)commitment n.承诺;奉献make a commitment to sb向某人承诺 admit vt.&vi.承认;允许进入,接纳考点必记(1)admit sth/doing sth/having done sth承认某事/做某事/做过某事admit+n./pron.+to be...承认……是……admit sb/sth into/to...允许某人/物进入……;成为……中的一员be admitted as...作为……被接受admit of sth容许;有……可能(指解决办法、解释等)admit that 承认……(2)admission n.允许进入;供认;入场费(3)admittance n.入场券,准入 permission n.准许,许可,批准考点必记(1)with/without(one’s)permission得到/未经(某人的)允许ask sb for permission征求某人的许可give sb permission to do sth允许某人做某事have one’s permission得到某人的同意(2)permit n.许可证　vt.允许permit sth/ (one’s) doing sth允许某人做某事permit sb to do sth允许(某人)做某事work/entry permit工作/入境许可证permit doing sth允许做某事permit of容许(常用于否定句)  discourage vt.使灰心,使气馁;阻止,劝阻考点必记(1)discourage...from...阻止……做……,使……丧失(做)……的信心(2)discouraged adj.泄气的,沮丧的be discouraged by因……而泄气(3)discouragement n.挫折       account n.描述,叙述　v.解释;认为考点必记account for解释;占(比例);作令人满意的交代take something into account对……加以考虑of great/no account很/不重要on account of由于,因为on no account决不(位于句首时句子要倒装) approach vt.靠近;着手处理　n.方法;靠近考点必记(1)an approach to(doing) sth……的通道;……的解决方法make approaches to sb与某人打交道/亲近某人at the approach of在……快到的时候(2)approach sb for/about sth和某人接洽/商量某事 prefer vt.更喜欢考点必记(1)prefer to do sth/doing sth宁愿做某事prefer A to B与B相比更喜欢Aprefer doing sth to doing sth比起做某事更喜欢做某事prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事prefer sb to do sth希望某人做某事(2)preference n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱have a preference for偏爱　preferable adj. 更好的preferably adv. 更好地;宁愿;宁可板块三：阅读训练Passage A Some parents may have had trouble getting their kids away from electronics and outside this summer.But for one Virginia family, this wasn’t the case. Josh and Cassie Sutton recently completed a full-length hike of the Appalachian Trail with their son, Harvey.At just 5 years old, Harvey, who earned the nickname “Little Man” from fellow hikers, is one of the youngest people known to have completed the roughly 2,100-mile trail that stretches across 14 states in 209 days.When Harvey was 2 years old, his parents began training him for hiking by going on mini walks. They slowly increased their mileage day by day—eventually making him adapt to his big adventure. “A lot of people are surprised at how well he did. They’re like, ‘How did you get your 5-year-old to do that while my 5-year-old won’t even walk half a mile without complaining?’” Mom Cassie Sutton said.The Suttons said that while the adventure of the 2,100-mile hike was fun as a family,it did have its challenges—especially when it came to keeping Harvey entertained. “We learned that he is gifted in hiking, but as long as we’re playing make-believe with him all day long, then he moves quickly and hikes a lot faster than a lot of us imagine,” Josh Sutton said.While the Suttons have plans for more hikes and family adventures ahead, the family is getting adjusted to life at home again as Harvey begins his latest adventure: kindergarten.1.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A.A 5-year-old hiked 2,100 miles in about 7 months.B.Josh earned the nickname “Little Man” because of his son.C.Harvey is the youngest person to cover the 2,100-mile trail.D.One Virginia family had trouble getting away from electronics.2.What was the challenge of making Harvey finish the adventure?A.Playing make-believe.             B. Keeping him amused.C.Hiking fast enough.               D. Having meals as a family.3.Which word can best describe Harvey in hiking?A.Negative.            B. Naughty.             C. Talented.             D.Normal.4.What is Harvey’s next adventure?A.To have more games.B.To get adjusted to family life.C.To receive pre-school education.D.To have more hikes with his family.参考答案： 本文作者为我们讲述了一个五岁孩子在209天的时间完成大概2100英里远足的故事。1. A。直接信息题。根据第一段前两句可知，Virginia一家没有远离电子设备方面的问题，故D错；根据第二段可知，Harvey赢得了“Little Man”的外号因为他是在209天的时间内完成大概2100英里远足的最年轻的人物之一，可知B错，C错，A对；故选A项。2. B。直接信息题。由第四段it did have its challenges—especially when it came to keeping Harvey entertained（这的确有挑战——特别是在使Harvey保持愉悦方面）可知，使Harvey保持愉悦是使Harvey完成这个远足的挑战。故选B项。（本题的关键是entertained和amused间近义词的转换）3. C。直接信息题。根据第四段第二行 “We learned that he is gifted in hiking，”可知，Harvey在远足方面是有天赋的。故选C项。4. C。直接信息题。根据最后一段“as Harvey begins his latest adventure: kindergarten”可知，Harvey的下一段探险就是他的幼儿园生活。故选C项。Passage B Today China is the world’s biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way.Wheat only came to the area now known as northern China toward the end of the Neolithic（新石器）period, some4,600 years ago. Initially, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight. The first farmers of northern China primarily grew millet（粟），starting as early as 11,500 years ago. By the time of the Tang dynasty, wheat had replaced millet, becoming a major crop. But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred. In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated（积累）a collection of nearly 1, 200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modem provinces, ranging from Gansu province in the northwest to Shandong province in the east.One possible explanation is a major climate shift, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago. At that time, the climate became colder and drier across continents, causing damage to crop production.On top of this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world. With an ever-increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to assume that Neolithic farmers in northern China were struggling.Wheat, it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it see ma poor choice for a dry period of history. But importantly, it can be so we dafter millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.From more extreme weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes dramatic changes to societies. In this instance, the consequence of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China proved,eventually, delicious.1:What can we learn about wheat from the second paragraph?A It replaced millet for its great taste.B It was a poor choice at the beginningC.It outnumbered millet 4. 600 years agoD.D.It was the earliest crop grown in China.2:What do the figures in paragraph 3 showA.The author found the exact answer.B.The: author did worldwide research.C.The author took the research seriously D.The author was good at collecting data.3. What was probably the main reason for northerners in China to grow wheat？A The water supply was enough then.B The harvest of millet was not satisfying.C:It adjusted to the weather conditions better.D.It had an alternative. sowing season with millet.4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.How was millet introduced to China?B Why did Chinese farmers switch to wheat?C.Why did China become the biggest wheat consumer?D How was China's: wheat growth affected by climate change?参考答案：1：B。推理判断题。根据第二段Initially, wheat didn't seem to be a delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight可知，起初，小麦并不认为是美味的。2：C。推理判断题。文章第三段讲述了作者为了解决这个问题，积累了1200组来自超过50个新石器时代的的数据。可知作者做了大量的分析，认真对待这个调查。故答案选C项。3：D。细节理解题。根据题干定位到第六段最后一句But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested.That, we think, is the most -likely reason why the people: across northern China started to grow wheat可知，人们选择耕种小麦的原因是收割了栗后可以播种小麦。故答案选D项。4：B。标题判断题。本文主要讲述了人们为什么会耕种小麦。Passage C The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. ____1____ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. ____2____ Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new. ____3____ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3.Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. ____4____ “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”4. Self Expression___5___ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. And we can’t forget science education.B. Encourage kids to cook with you.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.E. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?F. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.G. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.参考答案：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于孩子来说，想要为未来的工作做好准备必备的几种能力。1.根据空格前句“jobs of the future”可知，本段内容是关于未来的工作。空格后句“By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.”意为“通过帮助他们发展经典技能，无论未来如何，这些技能都能很好地为他们服务。”讲述的是如何帮助孩子们为未来的工作做准备。E项意为“那么，我们如何帮助我们的孩子为那些还不存在的工作做好准备呢？”能够引起下文，符合段落“未来的工作”的主题。故选E项。2.根据“Curiosity”可知，本段的主题是“好奇心”。空格后句“Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?””意为“问孩子们，下次我们可以添加什么配料让这些煎饼做得更好？”讲述了和孩子一起烹饪，并用问题的形式激发孩子的好奇心，让孩子思考。B项意为“鼓励孩子们和你一起做饭。”能够引起下文，是激发孩子好奇心的方法。故选B项。3.根据“Creativity”可知，本段的主题是“创造力”。空格前句“True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new.”意为“真正的创造力是一种能力，它能用现有的东西创造出新的东西。”阐述了什么是创造力。C项意为“我们可以给孩子们以新的方式思考材料的机会。”这是培养创造力的一种方法，且与后文“Experimenting with materials to create something new(尝试用材料来创造新的东西)”相呼应。故选C项。4.根据“Personal skills”可知，本段的主题是“个人技能”。空格前句“Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.”意为“能读懂别人可以帮助孩子避免误读和妄下结论的情况。”可知，本段讲述的是如何教孩子理解别人的想法，空格后列举了一些在实际生活中，为了读懂别人，你可以问的一些问题。G项意为“我们可以在现实生活中这样做，也可以询问故事中的人物。”选项中的“ask questions”和下文的问题举例相呼应，能够引起下文。故选G项。5.根据“Self Expression”可知，本段的主题是“自我表达”。空格后句“There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography.”意为“有许多方法来表达思想和想法——音乐、表演、绘画、建筑和摄影。”这里是在介绍一些表达自己思想和想法的方法。F项意为“能够以有意义的方式交流思想是一项很有价值的技能。”选项中的“communicate ideas in a meaningful way”与下文的“express thoughts and ideas”相呼应，阐述了表达自己想法的重要性和方法。故选F项。