Day 8 2022高考英语思维导图识记3500词汇+阅读打卡（word+ppt+思维导图原件）

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Day 8      2022高考英语3500词汇阅读打卡板块一：brainstorming板块二：高频词汇词义用法精析sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事　vt.感到悲伤考点必记feel sorrow at/over对……感到悲伤feel sorrow for为……感到悲伤in deep/great sorrow非常悲伤 upset adj.心烦的;苦恼的;沮丧的　vt.(upset,upset)使烦恼;使生气;搅乱考点必记(1)be upset about/by...为……烦心/难过be upset that...……让人不安(2)It upsets sb to do sth做某事让某人感到心烦意乱It upsets sb that...让某人心烦的是……(3)upsetting adj.令人不快(忧虑、苦恼)的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的考点必记 frightened adj.惊吓的;害怕的考点必记(1)frighten vt.(使)惊吓;(使)恐惧frighten sb to death把某人吓坏frighten away吓走frighten sb into doing sth恐吓某人做某事(2)frightening adj.吓人的;令人恐惧的 mood n.情绪;心情;语气考点必记mood       apologize vi.道歉;谢罪考点必记(1)apologise to sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apology n.道歉;辩白make an apology to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse one’s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb an apology应向某人道歉 amuse vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐考点必记amusing adj.有趣的,好笑的be amused to do...做……取乐be amused at/by/with...以……为乐;对……觉得有趣/好笑(3)amusement n.娱乐活动,消遣;愉悦,娱乐to one’s amusement使某人觉得有趣的是amusement park游乐园 astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊考点必记(1)astonish vt.使惊讶;使惊骇astonishing adj.令人惊讶的astonishment n.震惊be astonished to do sth 因做某事而感到惊讶be astonished at...对……感到吃惊to one’s astonishment 令人惊讶的是       shock n. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克　vt. (使)震惊考点必记       anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的考点必记(1)be/feel anxious for sb/about sth为……担心/担忧be anxious for 渴望……be anxious to do sth渴望做某事be anxious that...(should)do sth渴望……做某事(2)anxiously adv.焦急地,不安地(3)anxiety n.担心,焦虑,渴望with anxiety 焦虑地anxiety for...对……的渴望anxiety about/over...对……的焦虑        annoyed adj.恼怒的;生气的 考点必记(1)annoy vt.使不悦;惹恼It annoys sb that...让某人生气的是……it annoys sb to do sth做某事让某人生气(2)be annoyed with sb对某人生气be annoyed at/about sth因某事而生气be annoyed to do/that...……使人恼火(3)annoying adj.令人恼怒的;令人烦恼的(表示事或物的性质)annoyance n. [U]恼怒;烦恼;[C]使人烦恼的事       delight   v.  使…愉快；以…为乐n. 兴致；乐趣；乐事；令人高兴的东西考点必记to one's heart's delight   尽情地delight in              喜悦；以…为乐；深嗜笃好take delight            乐于…take delight in          从…中获得乐趣；乐于express delight         表示高兴       shame   n.羞耻；羞愧；憾事；倒霉的事；羞辱；耻辱；丢脸；带来耻辱的人v. 使感到羞耻；使丢脸；使蒙羞；使相形见绌考点必记put someone to shame     使相形见绌hang one's head in shame  极度羞愧what a shame            真可惜；不要脸；真可耻put to shame             蒙羞；羞愧；相形见绌in shame                羞愧；羞耻；在羞愧中shame and guilt          羞耻和内疚；羞愧和内疚；羞耻和内疚感       pleased   adj. 高兴的；欣喜的；喜欢的；满意的；开心的；乐意的；自满的 考点必记be pleased with        对…满意well pleased          十分满足的；十分满意的as pleased as Punch乐（或傲）如庞奇的；特别高兴（或骄傲）的；洋洋得意的；骄傲自满的pleased to          乐意于...；高兴...；愿意... 板块三：阅读训练Passage A Astypalea, a butterfly-shaped island in the central Aegean, hopes to become Greece’s first carbon-free tourist destination. Under a deal with the government, Volkswagen, a carmaker, has donated several new electric vehicles for use by Astypalea’s public services; it will sell others at cost price to its 12,00 residents. In return, the government has largely increased subsidies（补贴）for the islanders to buy electric cars and will build a hybrid solar and wind power plant to replace those polluting generators.Unlike other nearby islands, Astypalea is not connected to Greece’s electricity system. With only 3,000 rooms for visitors in small hotels or flats, tourism is still low-key. Many residents make a living the old-fashioned way: raising goats, keeping bees and fishing. The island was selected for Volkswagen’s e-mobility experiment after Nikos Komineas, the go-ahead mayor, contacted the transport ministry for help in finding an electric bus to try out on its rough roads.Most islanders sound enthusiastic about the project. Mr Komineas expects the number of private cars on Astypalea to fall by a third over the next five years. Its residents, he says, will get around on e-scooters and electric minibuses, which will be free, linked to a mobile-phone app and available round the clock.Some observers detect a bit of green washing. Building a solar park that would generate the island’s electricity will not get started before the tourist season ends. A single wind turbine（涡轮）will not be fixed before 511 even if the licensing process goes smoothly. On the other hand, the islanders worry that tourists will go elsewhere if the view is destroyed by a turbine 50 metres high. And even then, the hybrid power unit is planned to cover only about 80% of summer demand. But it is a start.1. What common measure do Volkswagen and the government take?A. Offering financial support.B. Developing a mobile-phone app.C. Making electric cars.D. Establishing a power plant.2. Which promotes Astypalea 's being selected for the experiment?A. Tourism prospect and heavy traffic.B. Location and government's efforts.C. Islanders' demand and road conditions.D. Islanders' lifestyle and large population.3. What is the major concern of the islanders if a wind turbine is fixed?A. The complex licensing process. B. Environmental damage.C. Loss of tourists.D. The influence on their daily life.4. What can be inferred from the text?A. The experiment will come to nothing.B.There are barriers in conducting the project.C. Green tourism will become a trend in Greece.D. The islanders are unwilling to change their lifestyle.参考答案：文章主题为有关一个位于爱琴海中部的蝴蝶形状的岛屿Astypalea低碳生活的实验。1. A。细节理解题。通过第一段的第二句和第三句可得知:大众汽车在与政府的协议下，捐赠了几辆新的电动汽车，以及将以成本价向150名居民出售其他电动汽车。作为回报，政府在很大程度上增加了对岛民购买电动汽车的补贴，并将建立一个混合太阳能和风力发电厂，以取代那些污染严重的发电机。所以政府和大众采取的共同措施都提供经济援助，故选B。2. B。细节理解题。根据第二段的描述，Astypalea 岛的地理位置、旅游业低迷、岛民的生活方式和政府寻求帮助等因素促成大众选择该岛作为低碳的实验。故选B。3. C。细节理解题。从该段On the other hand, the islanders worry that tourists will go elsewhere if the view is destroyed by a turbine 50 metres high.另一方面， 岛民担心，如果50米高的涡轮机破坏了景观，游客们就会去别的地方。故选C.4. B。推理判断题。最后一段提到Some observers detect a bit of green washing.Building a solar park that would generate the island's electricity will not get started before the tourist season ends. A single wind turbine will not be fixed before 511 even if the licensing process goes smoothly.- 些观察家觉得这是“漂绿”行为。预计，在旅游旺季结束之前，将无法建设发电用的太阳能发电站。即使许可程序顺利进行单个风力涡轮机也不会在511年前修好。从而推断在整个项目推进过程中受到阻碍。故选B。 Passage B The lines to enter South Gate’s South East High School and South East Middle School at 9 a.m. Monday were each about 50 students deep.Kony Aguillon sat in the shade while her son, an eighth-grader, waited for his health check in. She had done everything right Sunday night, pre-checking the district’s Daily Pass website so that it would be smooth going the next morning. But on Monday, the system wouldn’t load. They arrived at school early, around 7:50 a.m., to check in, and an hour later, there they stood. “I imagined it was going to be crazy,” she added, but not as bad as it was.Opening day at the nation’s second-largest school district unfolded with a mix of emotions: frustration over long waits, anxiety over health protocols and concern for how things would go for children who have been learning online for a year and a half. But for many, the sense of joy and relief at being together again eased the worries.In the early morning at John Marshall High, lines of students waiting to enter extended two blocks. By 9 a.m., some students were still waiting, having missed part of the first class.In anticipation of delays, Gary Garcia had already extended the first period of classes by about 3 minutes in hopes that all students could meet their teachers. Teachers and parents also expressed optimism.“It’s exciting,” said Nohemi Sanchez-Heredia, who teaches first grade. Henriette Jeter was at the school with her daughters, who are starting kindergarten, second and fifth grades. Even though the Delta variant (德尔塔变异株) worries her, she felt her kids needed to be back in a classroom.The most common emotions were in the largest type: “nervous” and “excited” mixed with somewhat “stressed”, “happy”, “tired” and “scared”.1．Which of the following can generally best describe emotions outside the school gates?A．Relaxed. B．Disordered. C．Scared. D．Excited.2．What fact caused the check-in slow besides a bit too many students?A．No preparation. B．Too many parents.C．Poor loading system. D．Extension of the first period.3．What’s the meaning of underlined word “protocols” in paragraph 3?A．Benefits. B．Test reports. C．Problems. D．Physical strengths.4．Who might be a schoolmaster?A．Gary Garcia. B．Henriette Jeter.C．Kony Aguillon. D．Nohemi Sanchez-Heredia.这是一篇新闻报道。报道了周一上午，南门市东南高中和东南中学的学生在因疫情造成的长假之后，开学时的情况以及人们复杂的情绪。1．推理判断题。根据第三段“Opening day at the nation’s second-largest school district unfolded with a mix of emotions: frustration over long waits, anxiety over health protocols and concern for how things would go for children who have been learning online for a year and a half. ”以及最后一段“The most common emotions were in the largest type: ‘nervous’ and ‘excited’ mixed with somewhat ‘stressed’, ‘happy’, ‘tired’ and ‘scared’.”可以推知，学校门外的情绪是杂乱的。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But on Monday, the system wouldn’t load. They arrived at school early, around 7:50 a.m., to check in, and an hour later, there they stood. ”可知，加载系统不良导致签到速度变慢。故选C项。3．词句猜测题。第二段中“Kony Aguillon sat in the shade while her son, an eighth-grader, waited for his health check in. (Kony Aguillon坐在阴凉处，她的儿子是一名八年级学生，正在等待体检。)”说明孩子们入学前要进行身体检测，从而推知划线词句“Opening day at the nation’s second-largest school district unfolded with a mix of emotions: frustration over long waits, anxiety over health protocols and concern for how things would go for children who have been learning online for a year and a half. ”其中划线词汇应为“体检检测报告”的意思，选项B“检测报告”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In anticipation of delays, Gary Garcia had already extended the first period of classes by about 3 minutes in hopes that all students could meet their teachers. ”可以推知，Gary Garcia可能是校长。故选A项。Passage C On a warm pre-spring afternoon, I sat on the balcony, enjoying the weather and a good book. Some birds sang softly for the coming of spring.I ____1____ my head at the sound of a train’s horn wailing into the still air. I watched the rail cars roll by. The full cars rumbled（隆隆响）past, but the ____2____ ones, rattled（嘎吱地响）and banged along, making more noise. They’re ____3____ for the ears. The ____4____ between the full and empty cars makes me think of the people in my life.I remember Don, who gave me a ____5____ at his company. It was a pleasure to work under his leadership. He didn’t order his ____6____; he guided them. During our first weekly meeting, he asked me, “What did you accomplish last week?” I ____7____, unsure of what to say. Don then asked, “What are your plans for this week?” I stumbled（结巴）again. Those two ____8____ led me to think and plan. From then on, each meeting I showed up with my ____9____ for the week and plans for the next.Another empty rail car rattled by, reminding me of a former co-worker. When I was working on a trouble, he would _____10_____ me. I ignored him and tried to _____11_____ my task but I couldn’t. I had been sure of myself but his words made me _____12_____ my abilities.You meet quiet and noisy ones as you travel through _____13_____ The quiet ones are full of ____14_____: great leaders and mentors(导师). The noisy ones: empty of knowledge. They think they can _____15_____ those around them by making a lot of noise and make themselves look important. In reality, they are just empty cars.1．A．buried B．lifted C．shook D．scratched2．A．empty B．old C．slow D．dirty3．A．strange B．clear C．bearable D．painful4．A．interaction B．comparison C．similarity D．competition5．A．prize B．job C．hand D．call6．A．colleagues B．customers C．assistants D．employees7．A．hesitated B．admitted C．escaped D．smiled8．A．explanations B．suggestions C．questions D．messages9．A．preparations B．challenges C．approaches D．accomplishments10．A．tease B．praise C．interrupt D．observe11．A．put off B．clean up C．focus on D．carry out12．A．recognize B．doubt C．predict D．lose13．A．life B．nature C．space D．history14．A．patience B．creativity C．courage D．knowledge15．A．fool B．defeat C．educate D．amuse参考答案：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者在温暖的早春午后，坐在阳台上，享受着好天气和一本好书，然后被通过的火车打破了这种宁静的画面。作者听到装满货物的车厢和空车厢发出不同的声音，联想到人生中遇到的形形色色的人。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：火车的喇叭声在寂静的空气中呼啸，我抬起了头。A. buried埋葬；B. lifted抬起；C. shook摇晃；D. scratched刮伤。根据下文“I watched the rail cars roll by.”可知，作者抬起头看火车驶过。故选B项。2．考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. old旧的；C. slow慢的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文“The full cars rumbled past”以及空前的but表示转折可知，此处表示空车驶过的声音。故选A项。3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得耳朵疼。A. strange奇怪的；B. clear清晰的；C. bearable可忍受的；D. painful痛苦的。根据上文“The full cars rumbled past, but the _______ ones, rattled and banged along, making more noise.”可知，火车驶过发出的声音使耳朵痛苦。故选D项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：满载的火车和空车的比较让我想起了我生活中的人。A. interaction互动；B. comparison比较；C. similarity相似性；D. competition竞争。根据上文“The full cars rumbled past, but the ________ ones, rattled and banged along, making more noise.”可知，此处表示满载的火车与空车进行比较。故选B项。5．考查名词词义辨析。A. prize奖品；B. job工作；C. hand手；D. call电话。根据下文“It was a pleasure to work under his leadership.”可知，唐在自己的公司给了作者一份工作。故选B项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有命令他的员工；他引导他们。A. colleagues同事；B. customers客户；C. assistants助理；D. employees员工。根据上文“It was a pleasure to work under his leadership.”以及下文“During our first weekly meeting, he asked me, “What did you accomplish last week?””可知，作者是唐的员工，唐没有命令员工。故选D项。7．考查动词词义辨析。A. hesitated犹豫；B. admitted承认；C. escaped逃脱；D. smiled微笑。根据下文“unsure of what to say.”可知，作者不知道该说什么，所以作者犹豫了一下。故选A项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个问题促使我思考和计划。A. explanations解释；B. suggestions建议；C. questions问题；D. messages信息。根据上文“What did you accomplish last week?”以及“What are your plans for this week?”可知，唐问作者的两个问题促使作者思考和计划。故选C项。9．考查名词词义辨析。A. preparations准备；B. challenges挑战；C. approaches方法；D. accomplishments成就。根据上文“What did you accomplish last week?”可知，唐询问作者上周取得了什么成就，所以此处表示作者总是会带着本周的成就出席会议。故选D项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到麻烦时，他会取笑我。A. tease取笑；B. praise表扬；C. interrupt打断；D. observe观察。根据下文“his words made me ______ my abilities.”可知，这位前同事会在作者遇到麻烦时取笑作者。故选A项。11．考查动词短语辨析。A. put off推迟；B. clean up清理；C. focus on专注于；D. carry out执行。根据下文“I had been sure of myself but his words made me ______ my abilities.”可知，作者做不到专注于自己的任务。故选C项。12．考查动词词义辨析。A. recognize认识；B. doubt怀疑；C. predict预测；D. lose失去。根据上文“When I was working on a trouble, he would ______ me.”可知，前同事取笑作者的话使得作者怀疑自己的能力。故选B项。13．考查名词词义辨析。A. life人生；B. nature自然；C. space空间；D. history历史。根据语境，此处表示在人生中，你会遇见不同的人。故选A项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：安静的人充满知识：伟大的领导者和导师。A. patience耐心；B. creativity创造力；C. courage勇气；D. knowledge知识。根据下文“great leaders and mentors”  和“ The noisy ones: empty of knowledge”可知，安静的人是充满知识的人。故选D项。15．考查动词词义辨析。A. fool愚弄；B. defeat失败；C. educate教育；D. amuse娱乐。根据下文“by making a lot of noise”可知，吵闹的人认为他们可以通过制造噪音来愚弄人们。故选A项。