Day 6 2022高考英语思维导图识记3500词汇+阅读打卡（word+ppt+思维导图原件）

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Day 6      2022高考3500词汇阅读打卡板块一：brainstorming板块二：高频词汇词义用法精析
expectation n.期望;预期;期待考点必记(1)against/contrary to (all) expectations 出乎意料have high/great expectations对……期望很高live up to one’s expectations达到某人的期望(2)expect vt.预料;期盼expect sb to do sth 期盼/预料某人做某事expect sth from sb期待某人给予某物(3)unexpected adj.出乎意料的unexpected visitor不速之客 expose v.接触;体验;暴露;揭露考点必记(1)exposure to harmful radiation 长时间接触有害辐射exposure in the media在媒体中亮相(2)expose vt.使接触;使体验;显露;使暴露于(险境)expose...to...把……暴露在……be exposed to接触;暴露于 expense n.费用;花费;开销考点必记(1)household expenses家庭费用medical expenses医疗费用living expenses生活费用at one’s expense 由……支付费用at the expense of以……为代价cover the expense of支付……的费用an all-expenses-paid trip费用全数报销的旅行(2)expensive adj.昂贵的;花钱多的 exceptional adj.特别的;罕见的考点必记(1)exceptional speed罕见的速度exceptional talent非凡的才能exceptional circumstances特殊情况exceptional intelligence非凡的智力exceptional imagination非凡的想象力(2)exception n.例外make an exception 破例(3)except prep.除……之外 transform  v v. 使改变形态；使改观考点必记(1)transform...into...把……变成……transform into变成(2)transformation n.改变;转换 respect n. & vt.尊敬;尊重考点必记(1)respect...as...尊敬某人为……respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人have/show respect for sb尊重某人give/send one’s respects to sb向某人表示敬意out of respect (for...)出于(对……的)尊敬in all/many respects在各个方面/在许多方面in respect of=with respect to关于;就……而言(3)respectable adj.值得尊敬的respectful adj.对人尊重的respective adj.各自的 suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任　n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象考点必记(1)suspect danger 疑心有危险suspect one’s motives 怀疑某人的动机suspect a plot 怀疑有阴谋suspect sb of doing sth怀疑某人做过某事suspect sb/sth to be...怀疑某人/某物是……(2)a murder suspect 杀人犯罪嫌疑人the prime suspect 首要嫌疑人 pretend vi.& vt.假装;假扮考点必记 intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要考点必记 tend vt.照顾;照料　vi.倾向;趋于考点必记(1)tend to do sth倾向做某事tend to sb/sth注意/照看某人/物tend to/towards趋向;有助于(2)tendency n.倾向;趋势 tendency n.趋势;倾向考点必记(1)have a tendency to do sth有做……的倾向correct a tendency纠正倾向observe a tendency观察趋势downward tendency下降的趋势the tendency in English teaching英语教学的趋势the tendency towards...……的趋势(2)tend vi.往往会;常常就tend to do sth往往会 extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长考点必记extend attend  v. 出席，参加；经常去（某地）；看护；伴随；专心考点必记attend admire vt.钦佩;赞赏考点必记(1)admire sb /sth for sth赞赏某人/某物的……;因……而赞赏某人/某物(2)admiring adj.赞赏的;羡慕的admirable adj.令人敬佩的admiration n.赞赏;赞美;羡慕with admiration敬佩地 examine vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验考点必记examine how/whether/what检查怎么/是否/什么examine sth for sth检查……来寻找……examination n.检查;考试have a physical examination进行体检pass/fail an examination考试及格/不及格examiner n.主考人;检查员 impression n.印象;感想考点必记(1)impress vt.使印象深刻impress sb with sth某事/物给某人留下印象impress sth on/upon sb使某人铭记某事/物be impressed with/by...对……有深刻印象(2)leave/have/make a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下……的印象be under the impression that...以为/觉得……have/get a(n)...impression of...对……有……的印象(3)impressive adj.感人的;给人印象深刻的       worthwhile adj.值得做的;值得花时间的考点必记(1)be worth+some money 值多少钱be (well) worth doing……(非常)值得做(主动形式表被动意义)(2)worthy adj.值得的be worthy值得……it’s worthwhile做……是值得的 
板块三：阅读训练Passage A   People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.   Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.    "We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."     According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.      The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.      It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."      In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.1. The discovery shows that Westerners         .    A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth    B. consider facial expressions universally reliable    C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways    D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions                                                      2. What were the people asked to do in the study?A. To make a face at each other.              B. To get their faces impressive.C. To classify some face pictures.            D. To observe the researchers' faces.                 3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?A. The participants in the study.B. The researchers of the study.C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study.                                                                                4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .A. do translation more successfullyB. study the mouth more frequentlyC. examine the eyes more attentivelyD. read facial expressions more correctly                              参考答案：1. 答案：A解析：根据第三段 “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” 可以得出答案2. 答案：C解析：根据第五段 “…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以判断选C3. 答案：A解析：根据定语从句 “that they show”所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可知）可判断选A4. 答案：C解析：根据第六段 “It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners.”可判断选CPassage B Unlike many other people, who have birthmarks on their bodies, I have them on my lips and inside my mouth. I used to consider them ugly. However, my mom calls them beauty marks.My birthmarks are caused by an genetic condition from my mom’s side of the family. This syndrome causes polyps (息肉), which are small non-cancerous growths in the intestinal tract (肠道). Every other year I have a procedure where the doctor removes them from my intestines. On the day before, I can’t eat anything solid because the doctors need my intestines to be clear so that they don’t mistake food for a polyp. I also cannot drink anything red, because they may mistake it for blood on the scan. Before the procedure they give me anesthesia (麻醉).No matter how many times I go through the process. I always get nervous — but that’s understandable. At the end of the day I always know I’ll end up okay.My younger cousin faces a similar challenge. She has a huge birthmark that takes up her whole arm. Her birthmark is pretty noticeable and looks like faded red splotches of paint. She’s never tried to hide her birthmark or change her appearance. It really inspires me. She has always been so much more confident about her birthmark than I am. Once, her grandmother told her mom that her birthmark looked extremely prominent and suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often. If my younger cousin’s mom had actually taken that suggestion, my younger cousin wouldn’t be as confident about her birthmark as she is.I could have covered up my birthmarks a while ago by wearing black lipstick. But I’m glad I didn’t. Using black lipstick would be straying away from accepting facial features that make me different. I am finally accepting who I am and now I won’t tolerate people making fun of me. I don’t hesitate when someone asks me about them either. I say, “They’re beauty marks”.1.What do we know about the author from the first two paragraphs?A．She likes to be different from others.B．Her birthmarks can be deadly.C．She should eat some solid food before the operation.D．Her birthmarks cause her some trouble.2. What does the underlined word “prominent” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Apparent.            B．Brilliant.             C．Harmful.             D．Impressive.3. What can be inferred about the author’s cousin?A．She has hidden her birthmark.B．Her confidence encourages the author.C．She has taken her grandma’s suggestion.D．She never judges others by their looks.4. What can we learn from the story?A．Every coin has two sides.B．Don’t judge a person by his appearance.C．Learn to accept who you are.D．Overcome the nervousness.参考答案：这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活上都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表姐的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。1．推理判断题。根据第二段前三句“My birthmarks are caused by an genetic condition from my mom’s side of the family. This syndrome causes polyps (息肉), which are small non-cancerous growths in the intestinal tract (肠道). Every other year I have a procedure where the doctor removes them from my intestines.”可知，因为胎记的特殊性，作者每隔一年都要进行手术，可见这给作者带来了许多麻烦。故选D。2．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的后半部分“suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often(建议她多穿长袖衣服)”可推知，表姐的奶奶之所以让表姐多穿长袖衣服，是为了挡住胎记，因为胎记太明显了，由此可知划线词prominent表示“明显的”，与“Apparent”同义。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据第四段第四和第五句“She’s never tried to hide her birthmark or change her appearance. It really inspires me.”可知，作者的表姐没有故意隐藏胎记，说明她很自信，不惧别人的目光，她的这份自信鼓舞了作者。故选B。4．推理判断题。本文主要讲述特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活上都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表姐的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。结合最后一段第三句“I am finally accepting who I am and now I won’t tolerate people making fun of me.”可知，本文教育人们要学会接受自我。故选C。Passage C When you hear the phrase cultural heritage, what comes to mind? Maybe you remember going to see folk dances with people wearing traditional costumes. Perhaps you were exposed to the music and arts of this culture. ____1____. It might begin with the memory of your mother’s cooking, or visiting grandma’s house and receiving a special treat as a reward for good behavior. As you close your eyes, can you picture your favorite dish? Is it a salad with a special dressing, or a delicious dessert?  ____2____ Maybe you’re far away from home and eating your favorite soul food makes you feel closer to those you’re separated from.Many of us have missed spending a holiday or two with our loved ones, only to find ourselves calling to ask what they had for dinner. It doesn’t matter if it’s the same thing that is served year after year. ____3____. These recipes, cherished family favorites, handed down from each generation to the next might experience subtle changes, but there still remains a sense of unity. It is this unity that constructs the bridge between families and generations. ____4____Good food knows no boundaries. It makes a great bond between young and old. Here, in the kitchen the old master works hand in hand with younger family members and friends, passing on traditional skills used in the cooking arts. However, more is taking place than a mere transfer of information about ingredients and mixing instructions. ____5____ It becomes an opportunity for a parent to teach family values while passing the sugar and beating the eggs. Confidences can be exchanged along with the natural flow of conversation.A. Nor does it matter whether it has changed a lot.B. A magic moment is created between children and elder.C. Food makes up our fondest memories of our childhood.D. Can you smell the aroma flowing through the house?E. There’s nothing like food to help us identify with our roots.F. Most likely, however, what comes to mind will be the food.G. Food can be described as the building blocks of this cultural bridge.参考答案：【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了食物也是一种文化遗产，介绍了食物在家庭中所发挥的重要作用。1【答案】F根据上文“When you hear the phrase cultural heritage, what comes to mind? Maybe you remember going to see folk dances with people wearing traditional costumes. Perhaps you were exposed to the music and arts of this culture.(当你听到文化遗产这个词，你会想到什么？也许你还记得去看人们穿着传统服装跳舞；也许你接触过这种文化的音乐和艺术)”以及后文“It might begin with the memory of your mother’s cooking, or visiting grandma’s house and receiving a special treat as a reward for good behavior. As you close your eyes, can you picture your favorite dish? Is it a salad with a special dressing, or a delicious dessert?( 它可能开始于你母亲烹饪的记忆，或拜访祖母的家，并得到一个特殊的款待作为良好表现的奖励。当你闭上眼睛，你能想象出你最喜欢的菜吗？是加了特殊调料的沙拉，还是美味的甜点？)”可知，上文提到了人们提到文化遗产常想起传统服装跳舞、文化音乐和艺术，后文则提到了食物，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出人们想到食物这种文化遗产。故F选项“然而，最可能出现在脑海里的是食物”符合语境，故选F。2【答案】D根据上文“As you close your eyes, can you picture your favorite dish? Is it a salad with a special dressing, or a delicious dessert?(当你闭上眼睛，你能想象出你最喜欢的菜吗？是加了特殊调料的沙拉，还是美味的甜点？)”以及后文“Maybe you’re far away from home and eating your favorite soul food makes you feel closer to those you’re separated from.(也许你远离家乡，吃你最喜欢的灵魂食物让你感觉更接近那些与你分离的人)”可知，本句为上文形成并列，同为设问句设定想到食物的场景。故D选项“你能闻到房子里飘来的香味吗？”符合语境，故选D。3【答案】E根据上文“Many of us have missed spending a holiday or two with our loved ones, only to find ourselves calling to ask what they had for dinner. It doesn’t matter if it’s the same thing that is served year after year.(我们很多人都错过了与亲人共度一两个假期的机会，结果却发现自己打电话问他们晚餐吃了什么。年复一年提供的是同样的东西并不重要)”以及后文“These recipes, cherished family favorites, handed down from each generation to the next might experience subtle changes, but there still remains a sense of unity. It is this unity that constructs the bridge between families and generations.(这些祖祖辈辈传下来的食谱可能会有细微的变化，但仍然有一种团结的感觉。正是这种团结在家庭和几代人之间架起了桥梁)”可知，后文提到食物带来的团结感在家庭和几代人之间架起了桥梁，可见食物可以让我们更加认清自己的根源。故E选项“没有什么比食物更能帮助我们认清自己的根”符合语境，故选E。4【答案】G根据上文“These recipes, cherished family favorites, handed down from each generation to the next might experience subtle changes, but there still remains a sense of unity. It is this unity that constructs the bridge between families and generations.(这些祖祖辈辈传下来的食谱可能会有细微的变化，但仍然有一种团结的感觉。正是这种团结在家庭和几代人之间架起了桥梁)”可知，食物带来了团结的感觉，即食物也是家庭文化桥梁的组成部分，G选项中bridge对应上文中bridge。故G选项“食物可以被描述为这个文化桥梁的组成部分”符合语境，故选G。5【答案】B根据上文“Good food knows no boundaries. It makes a great bond between young and old. Here, in the kitchen the old master works hand in hand with younger family members and friends, passing on traditional skills used in the cooking arts. However, more is taking place than a mere transfer of information about ingredients and mixing instructions.(好的食物是没有界限的。它是年轻人和老年人之间的纽带。在这里的厨房里，这位老大师与年轻的家庭成员和朋友携手工作，将烹饪艺术中的传统技艺传承下去。然而，发生的不仅仅是关于配料和搅拌说明的信息的传递)”可知，上文提到了食物是年轻人和老年人之间的纽带，B选项中between children and elder对应上文中between young and old。故B选项“在孩子和老人之间创造一个神奇的时刻”符合语境，故选B。