2022届高考英语（全国甲卷、乙卷）二轮复习模拟试卷（第十三套）

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2022年高考英语二轮复习模拟试卷（第十三套）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Gold Fame Citrus
by Claire Vaye Watkins ($ 5.99)
With the flight of its characters through a landscape destroyed by climate crisis, this novel does not indicate much hopefulness for the future. Within it is a series of situations and consequences made more severe in a future California short of water. Across the desert, we follow Watkins’ characters through a place so transformed that it needs its own field guide of animals newly adapted for strange survival.
The Ministry for the Future
by Kim Stanley Robinson ($ 18.1)
The ministry for the Future is a masterpiece of the imagination, using fictional eyewitness accounts to tell the story of how climate will affect us all. Its setting is not a deserted world, but a future that is almost upon us. This extraordinary novel from the visionary science fiction writer will change the way you think about the climate crisis.
Breathing Fire
by Jaim Lowe ($ 27)
The front lines of the fight against climate change are peopled with those society has forgotten. Up to 30 percent of the firefighters battling wildfires in California each year are prisoners performing backbreaking labor while earing a 40th of what a civilian makes. This book follows six female prisoner firefighters and their worried families, looking into the human cost of environmental crisis.
Something Under the Sun
by Alexandra Kleeman ($ 28)
In Alexandra Kleeman’s new novel, a novelist new to Los Angeles teams up with a former child actor to investigate a conspiracy(阴谋). But this is L.A., where wildfires burn all year long and the rich store water while the poor suffer from the consequence of climate crisis. Human weakness is pushing the city toward a disaster.
1. Which category does Breathing Fire fall into?
A. science fiction. B. Play. C. Non-fiction. D. Biography.
1. C【解析】根据第三段最后一句“This book follows six female prisoner firefighters and their worried families, looking into the human cost of environmental crisis.”可知，书跟踪描写了6个女囚犯消防员的故事，所以应该是非虚构文学，故选C。
2. What is Alexandra Kleeman?
A. A novelist. B. An actor. C. A firefighter. D. A minister.
2. A【解析】根据第四段可知Alexandra Kleeman是Something Under the Sun一书的作者，故他的职业是小说家，选A。
3. What do the listed book have in common?
A. They are on sale. B. They show concern over climate.
C. They are intended for teenagers. D. They are set in California.
3. B【解析】通览全文可知，每一本小说都是将气候危机（climate crisis）作为写作背景，故可以推断它们都展示了作者对于气候危机的担忧和思考。故选B。
B
As the country’s first large-scale serial documentary shot in 8K ultrahigh-definition. The Forbidden City, a 12-episode documentary, has recently run on Beijing Satellite TV, which is in part as a celebration of the 601st anniversary of the founding of the imperial(帝王的) palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368—1911).
The documentary gathered 12 first-class singers to respectively render(演唱) theme songs for each episode, creatively interpreting milestone historical chapters with meaningful music.
Wu Zhiyong, the chief producer and chief director, recalled that he visited the Forbidden City for the first time when he was a youngster, feeling it a pity upon discovering that the guide he followed offered a flawed introduction to the site.
“Since then I had wished for many years that I could make a documentary to retell the real history of the Forbidden City in detail. Luckily with the Palace Museum’s support, our crew managed to learn a lot of knowledge, interviewing many historians and shooting the most beautiful, tranquil moments of the imperial palace.” said Wu.
The crew, consisting of nearly 150 people, had spent around three years to conduct investigations, polishing the script with the help of more than 30 experts from multiple departments of the Palace Museum, covering a wide range of areas including ancient architecture, drawing and calligraphy, court wares and royal history.
Aside from the Forbidden City, the crew made up of three camera teams to simultaneously work on different sites also traveled to dozens of cities, such as Nanjing and Suzhou in Jiangsu province as well as Fuzhou, Xiamen and Quanzhou in Fujian province, to obtain more content about Chinese history related to the stories happening inside the great palace.
4. What’s the purpose of shooting this documentary?
A. To further the historic study. B. To entertain the viewers.
C. To celebrate its magnificence. D. To memorize the founding of the palace.
4. D【解析】细节理解题。 根据第一段… which is in part as a celebration of the 601st anniversary of the founding of the imperial(帝王的) palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368 — 1911). 这段话可以看出，纪录片是为了纪念故宫创建601年，故选D。
5. The underlined word in Para 3 “flawed” probably means ________.
A. damaged B. crowded C. mistaken D. mixed
5. A【解析】词义猜测题，从文章第四段Since then I had wished for many years that I could make a documentary to retell the real history of the Forbidden City in detail我们可以看出导演原来得到的是不正确的或者有错误的讲解，所以想自己做纪录片来详细介绍故宫，故选A。
6. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The Forbidden City was founded in the 15th century.
B. The documentary was merely shot in five cities in two provinces.
C. The theme songs of the episodes are performed by a famous singer.
D. The documentary was created by the historians of the Palace Museum.
6. B【解析】which is in part as a celebration of the 601st anniversary of the founding of the imperial(帝王的) palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368 — 1911).可以看出，故宫大约建于1420年左右，故选A。
7. Which of the following may probably be shown in the documentary?
A. European court buildings. B. Royal family life.
C. History of drawings. D. Works of famous calligraphers.
7. D【解析】细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段… covering a wide range of areas including ancient architecture, drawing and calligraphy, court wares and royal history.可以看出D选项的内容很有可能会被展示，故选D。
C
In the struggle to survive the ever hotter deserts of California, there are winners and losers. Among the losers are desert birds, whose populations have fallen among the heat stress of climate change. The winners, it turns out, are small burrowing mammals(穴居哺乳动物), which take refuge from the sun underground. Researchers noted that the stable mammals’ populations formed a striking contrast to the extremely bad condition of birds.
But why? Birds had a higher evaporative(蒸发) heat loss. Birds were more exposed to the effects of warming, so they had higher energy costs to maintain their body temperature. However, mammals were able to reduce their body temperature by using burrows during the day.
Temperatures have risen about 4 degrees Fahrenheit on average across the arca studied, but the heat affects birds and small mammals differently. As part of the study, scientists modeled each species’ body temperature and cooling needs under different desert conditions. To calculate that, they measured the conductivity(传导率) of the animals’ fur or feathers, and used information on their heat reducing behaviors.
The models showed that in the fight against climate change, there was not a level playing field for furred and feathered desert animals. Cooling costs — or the resources needed to maintain-stable body temperature — were about 3.3 times higher for birds than they were for small mammals, the study reported.
Small mammals have shown this remarkable stability. It’s really quite interesting that, in the same region, with the same level of climate change, these two species have responded very differently to the changes taking place. Insights into the status of different species can help scientists take steps to protect them, such as increasing fire prevention in high desert areas, and enhancing water sources in those areas. The study also demonstrates that climate change is already reshaping the California desert.
8. Why can desert burrowing mammals survive better than desert birds?
A. Burrowing mammals prefer to live in deserts. B. Burrowing mammals eat less during the day.
C. Burrowing mammals’ caves arc natural shelters. D. Burrowing mammals live in the same community.
8. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The winners, it turns out, are small burrowing mammals(穴居哺乳动物), which take refuge from the sun underground.”可知，穴居动物会有其洞穴做避难所，相当于拥有属于自己的天然屏障。
9. What can we learn from the third paragraph?
A. Birds and small mammals respond differently to climate changes.
B. Birds in the desert were defeated by climate changes.
C. Animals living underground have higher cooling costs.
D. Temperature rise affects the burrowing mammals little.
9. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Temperatures have risen about 4 degrees Fahrenheit on average across the arca studied, but the heat affects birds and small mammals differently.”可知，不同生物对气温上升的反应不同。
10. What is the possible meaning of the new finding?
A. Burrowing mammals may help birds during the day. B. Governments will improve water quality.
C. Man will reshape the deserts to save themselves. D. Scientists can save species with scientific means.
10. D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Insights into the status of different species can help scientists take steps to protect them, such as increasing fire prevention in high desert areas, and enhancing water sources in those areas.”可知，研究人员在发现了不同生物对气温变化的反应不同之后，可以采取相应的措施保护更多的动物。
11. What do we know from the text?
A. It’s time to change the deserts into green fields.
B. Desert birds are more likely to survive in deserts.
C. Burrowing mammals’ habitat needs improving greatly.
D. Burrowing mammals survive climate change underground.
11. D【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍的是一项研究，研究发现，虽然气温变化对沙漠地带的穴居动物和鸟类有不同的影响，但是穴居动物在地下求得了生存。
D
When asked what his father did for a living, Mike explained to his kindergarten teacher that ‘he steals things, but it’s OK, because he gets paid to do it.’
He isn’t wrong. His father is a hacker(黑客), who is proud of his job, just like doctors are proud of work they do. Thanks to security researchers’ hacking practices, leaks in a new version of the most common Wi-fi code standard (WPA3) were found before criminals could use them to break into home and business networks. In another case, criminals found an unknown weakness in Google’s Android operating systems before security researchers did, giving the bad guys full control of more than a dozen phone models.
However, finding Mike’s father’s personalized plates for his car with the word ‘HACKING’, an employee of the Texas Department of Motor Vehicles quickly took them away, claiming that a license plate displaying “HACKING” publicized criminal activity. While this reaction really isn’t the fault of the well-intentioned employee, it’s a sigh of how a deeply rooted misrepresentation of his profession has created a fixed wrong image. It seems that the way that hackers are described in Hollywood has contributed to the word ‘hacker’ paralleling ‘criminal’, where hackers are often referred to as figures in dark rooms engaged in illegal activity while tapping at key boards.
But actually, hacking is just an activity. What separates any activity from a crime is, very often, permission. People are free to drive, but they do not have permission to drive 150 miles per hour, which is a criminal offense. Since a driver is just a driver, why must a hacker be a criminal? Someone who engages in the illegal use of hacking should not be called a ‘bad hacker’ but a ‘cybercriminal’. Contrary to popular belief, most hackers like Mike’s father undoubtedly play an important role in keeping companies and people safe.
12. What did Mike’s son think of Mike’s job?
A. Admirable. B. Amazing. C. Acceptable. D. Annoying.
12. C【解析】事实细节及推理判断题。从第一段中的“steals”“It’s OK”这些词可推断出答案。Admirable是可钦佩的，值得赞赏的，令人敬佩的，显然与“It’s OK.”不符，不是儿子的态度。
13. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about concerning the hackers’ job?
A. Its weakness. B. Its importance. C. Its variety. D. Its security.
13. B【解析】事实细节及推理判断题。第二段前两句以及两个“cases”都是为了证明“hackers”的工作的重要性。
14. Why does the writer mention ‘Hollywood’ in paragraph 3?
A. To entertain the readers. B. To question the employee’s claim.
C. To clarify the concept of hacking. D. To trace the wrong image of hackers.
14. D【解析】事实细节及推理判断题。从第三段最后一句话可知，“Hollywood”中总是把“hackers”呈现为黑房子里用电脑犯罪的人物形象，因此导致人们对“hackers”的误解。因此提到“Hollywood”是为了追溯为什么会有这种误解。
15. What message does the author really want to convey in the text?
A. Hacking mostly counts. B. Hacking is actually a crime.
C. Hacking is popular with people. D. Hacking needs licenses.
15. A【解析】归纳总结题。本文作者主要是为了说明大多数像Mike的父亲一样从事这份职业的黑客是非常重要的，他们保障人们和公司的安全。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The biggest misconception that I’ve ever heard of is that in order for us to find success in anything, we must be willing to give up something else. 16 .
Over the years, I’ve come to realize that isn’t true. As I grow, I find several things are truly stopping us from living a more fulfilling life. Below are some.
Place limitations on yourself
On the surface, limitations are the things that stop you from achieving something. 17 . You’ll keep facing the same problems, forced to make the same choices, and perform the same actions repeatedly. They define your current circumstances and to that extent define your quality of life.
Lack self control
We all have some aspect about ourselves that we don’t like. 18 . Maybe you have a large sweet tooth and can’t help yourself from eating sweet things. When you have a lack of self control, those habits are going to remain with you until you find some way to remove them.
19
Our ability to come up with creative solutions for our problems comes from our ability to earn and adapt. If you’re not learning anything, you’re not progressing. Leonardo da Vinci once said, “Learning never exhausts the mind.” And I believe it.
Final thoughts
When you get stuck on something, you are never truly stuck. 20 . You don’t have to be working hard to overcome that barrier, rather change your thinking in how you’re approaching the problem. Give it time and keep working at it.
A. Lack self confidence
B. Lack learning and adaptability
C. We shouldn’t bottle up our own weaknesses
D. Maybe you’re someone who drinks a lot of alcohol or smokes
E. It means that what you are currently doing isn’t enough to get you over the barrier
F. Whether it’s career or health, one must be sacrificed in order for the other to succeed
G. However, limitations are also the things that keep you restricted in the same life cycle
【语篇导读】本文是说明文，介绍了一些阻碍个人实现抱负的原因。
16. F【解析】F项“不管是事业还是健康，为了让一方成功，必须牺牲另一方”承接上文“为了在所有事情上取得成功，我们必须愿意放弃一些其他的东西”。
17. G【解析】G项“然而，自我设限也会让你在相同的生命周期中受到限制”引出下文“会一直面对同样的问
题，被迫做出同样的选择，……”。
18. D【解析】D项“也许你是一个酗酒或抽烟的人”和“也许你很爱吃甜食，忍不住要吃甜食”形成了排比句式，且D项切合本段小标题Lack self control。
19. B【解析】B项“缺乏学习能力和适应能力”是个小标题，它高度概括了本段的主要内容。
20. E【解析】E项“这意味着你目前所做的还不足以让你克服障碍”承上启下，该空后面一句“你不需要努力去克服这个障碍”与该空呼应。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Living an Adventurous Life
Nearly ten years ago, I was told that I had a brain tumor(瘤), and this experience changed my attitude about 21
forever. I thought that I was going to die and that all my adventures were 22 .
I did not have a brain tumor, it 23 out, but rather multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化症), which meant that,
24 they were not over, the definition of my adventures could have to 25 .
Each morning that I wake up is a fresh event, something that 1 might not have had. Each 26 that I make carries the weight of uncertainty and 27 significant attention: buttoning my shirt, changing a light bulb, 28 down stairs. I might not be able to do it this time. If I could not 29 in them, they would likely drown me in anger and in self pity.
I admire the grand adventures of others. I read about them with interest. With Peter Matthiessen I have
30 across the Himalayas to the Crystal Mountain. I have walked with Annie Dillard up, down, into, and across Tinker Creek in all seasons. David Bain has gone with me along 110 miles of Philippine coast, and Ed Abbey has 31
me down the Colorado River. I enjoy the adventures of these 32 figures, who can strike out on difficult trips-2 miles, 250 miles, 3000 miles-ready to bear cold and 33 , indeed not just to bear but to celebrate.
But as for me, I can no longer walk very far from the 34 in which I read. Some days I don’t even make it to the backyard. And yet I’m 35 to give up the adventurous life, the difficulty of it, even the 36 , the anxiety and fear, and the sudden brief lift of 37 that makes a hard journey more attractive.
I 38 adventure, make it smaller and smaller. And now, whether I am moving on my hands and knees across the dining room to help my cat, lying 39 in the dark battling another period of sadness, gathering flowers from the garden, 40 a friend for lunch, I am always having the adventures that are mine to have.
21. A. adventure B. disease C. death D. life
21. A【解析】从后文当中可以看出文章的关键词就是作者对adventure的态度的转变，故选A。
22. A. up B. down C. over D. out
22. C【解析】是词汇的复现，第二段看到they were not over,故这里用over。选C。
23. A. broke B. turned C. made D. figured
23. B【解析】从故事发展来看，后来证明不是脑瘤，而是多发性硬化症，turn out结果是； break out爆发； make out辨认；figure out弄明白。故选B。
24. A. since B. before C. until D. although
24. D【解析】上文中说作者没有得脑瘤而是多发性硬化症，所以就意味着尽管冒险没有结束，对冒险的定义还是要改变。故选D。
25. A. change B. explain C. approve D. acquire
25. A【解析】参照上文，对冒险的定义要发生改变，故选A。
26. A. journey B. risk C. progress D. gesture
26. D【解析】生病后早上我要做的每件事情都承载着不确定和需要很大的注意力，gesture此处表示动作，故选D。
27. A. demands B. draws C. focuses D. avoids
27. A【解析】根据上文，每个动作都需要特别的注意力，demand表示需要。故选择A。
28. A. waving B. slipping C. walking D. sliding
28. C【解析】这里列举各种动作：扣扣子、换灯泡、下楼梯，故选C。
29. A. settle B. delight C. pull D. take
29. B【解析】故事中讲到：原来能做到的动作，我现在都做不了。如果我无法从中得到快乐，我就会被没入愤怒和自我怜悯之中。故选B。
30. A. traced B. hiked C. pushed D. voyaged
30. B【解析】我从别人的故事中去冒险。此处列举了各种在书中的冒险经历。从后面the Himalayas to the Crystal Mountain可以看出，此处应用hike，故选B。
31. A. swam B. flowed C. navigated D. rowed
31. D【解析】从后面如the Colorado River可以看出此处应用row，故选D。
32. A. precious B. anxious C. courageous D. luxurious
32. C【解析】我喜欢看这些勇敢人物的冒险，作者列举的这些人都是很有冒险精神的，故选C。
33. A. happiness B. tiredness C. seriousness D. kindness
33. B【解析】这些冒险的人愿意忍受严寒和疲劳，实际上他们不是忍受而是赞美，故选B。
34. A. armchair B. mountain C. book D. expedition
34. A【解析】对于我来说，我已经不能走到我阅读的扶手椅之外的很远的地方了，故选A。
35. A. desperate B. unfortunate C. unwilling D. satisfied
35. C【解析】有些日子．我甚至都无法走到院子里去了。然而我还是不愿放弃冒险的生活。故选C。
36. A. warmth B. bravery C. pain D. curiosity
36. C【解析】我下愿放弃冒险的生活．甚至这种生活中的痛苦，焦虑，恐惧和突然情绪的好转，使得生活更加有吸引力。故选C。
37. A. health B. reputation C. wealth D. spirit
37. D【解析】使生活更加有吸引力的情绪的鼓舞也是让我不愿放弃冒险的生活的因素之一，故选D。
38. A. redefine B. revise C. review D. regain
38. A【解析】我重新定义了冒险，使它变得小一点。故选A。
39. A. jaw- dropped B. arm-crossed C. mouth opened D. wide-eyed
39. D【解析】lie wide eyed睁大眼睛躺在黑暗中。故选D。
40. A. catching B, meeting C. refusing D. defending
40. B【解析】这里作者列举了生活中各种小的快乐或者事情现在作者都认为是自己可以做的冒险的事情，甚至和朋友见面吃饭。故选B。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’ve had my fair share of travelling around China, and a recent week-long trip to Guizhou was my first time to the province. I tried looking up the meaning and significance of the name Guizhou before the trip, 1. (basic) to have a reasonable idea of what was in store for me. But that was 2. hard task so I inquired from a Chinese colleague on the trip. From what she said, initially the province 3. (name) after a famous mountain called “Gui”, sort of noble in literal translation and “zhou”, which simply means province in Chinese. 4. (keep) that in mind I set out on a journey of discovery and 5. I found was mind-blowing, a photographer’s paradise. Generally 6. (describe) as a mountainous province in southwestern China, with Guiyang as
7. (it) capital, the province is truly one of nature’s best kept secrets. Compared to other leading 8.
(province) in China, with regard 9. development, Guizhou has some catching-up to do. However, the province remains unique not only for its amazing landscape, 10. for the role it played in the political history of modern China and the role it is to play in the world.
41. basically【解析】考查词性转换。basically“主要地”，副词作状语。
42. a【解析】考查不定冠词。a hard task“一个艰难的任务”。
43. was named【解析】考查谓语动词时态、语态、主谓一致。be named after“以……来命名”。
44. Keeping【解析】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。keep与I之间的逻辑关系为主动。
45. what【解析】考查从属连词。主语从句缺宾语，用what。
46. described【解析】考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。describe与province之间的逻辑关系为被动。
47. its【解析】考查代词。its“它的”。
48. provinces【解析】考查名词复数。此空前有other，并根据句意可知，province用复数形式。
49. to【解析】考查介词。with regard to是固定搭配，意为“关于，至于”。
50. but【解析】考查并列连词。not only… but (also)…是固定搭配，意为“不仅……，而且……”。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was about to enter a shopping center when I realized I had no extra money to take a bus except for that I only had a shopping card, where contained enough money to consume. To make things bad, I didn’t take my phone with me. So I couldn’t pay by WeChat. Walk back was not good idea. I tried your luck with the hope of get money out of my shopping card. And if lucky enough, I could come across some friends. But both ideas failed. And then a kind granny appeared. She gave me some cashes and in return, I buy her items with my shopping card. What grateful I was for her kindness!
第一处：except后面的for去掉【解析】考查介词。except for不能接句子。
第二处：where → which【解析】考查定语从句。该从句缺少主语。定语从句中指物且能作主语的关系代词最有that和which，但这里是非限制性定语从句，所以只能用which。
第三处：bad → worse【解析】考查形容词。To make things worse是固定搭配，表示“更糟糕的是”。
第四处：Walk → Walking【解析】考查动名词。动名词短语作句子的主语。
第五处：good前加a【解析】考查冠词。表示一个好主意，所以要用a good idea。
第六处：your → my【解析】考查代词。根据句意可知，这里表示“试了试我自己的运气”。
第七处：get → getting【解析】考查动名词。介词of后要用动名词形式。
第八处：cashes → cash【解析】考查名词。cash是不可数名词。
第九处：buy → bought【解析】考查动词时态。根据句意可知，这里要用过去时。
第十处：What → How【解析】考查副词。感叹句句型中，What后接名词，How后接形容词或副词。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
每个班级中，都有一些为集体默默做出自己贡献的人。请你以“A devoted classmate”为题，写一篇短文向学校报社投稿，内容包括：
1. 他/她为班级做出的贡献；
2. 你对他/她的评价；
注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 题目已为你写好。
3. 不要透露个人真实信息。
A devoted classmate
When referring to the devoted one in our class, Li Hua fully deserves the title undoubtedly.
The details presenting his devotion can be listed endlessly. First and foremost, it’s Li Hua who sacrifices his spare time to assist others to overcome the obstacles in our study, which cultivates our thirst for knowledge Secondly, class affairs are always undertaken by him, no matter how challenging or easy. Last but not least, not only does he display selflessness at school, but it’s also dedicated of him to throw himself into voluntary work heart and soul in order to repay the society. Without Li Hua’s devotion, our class couldn’t have formed the atmosphere where we jointly undertake class affairs and help mutually.
Such is Li Hua, a devoted classmate, after whom we are eager to model.