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北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction学案及答案
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这是一份北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction学案及答案，共12页。
eq \a\vs4\al([原文呈现]), eq \a\vs4\al([读文清障])
Part 1
“This mrning, it tk me 40 minutes t g dwntwn. Mre radwrks n the A10！”
“Oh really? It tk me ver an hur. There was an accident n the M11.”
Hw ften have yu heard these cnversatins? Hw ften d we get stuck② in traffic jams③？ Hw ften d we arrive at wrk r schl, stressed ut④， tired and angry? Fr many peple, the answer is every day. But persnal anger and stress are nthing cmpared t⑤ the real csts scially. Here are sme figures abut Britain：
·In the last 20 years, the number f cars n the rads has gne up by 25%. There are nw 32 millin cars.
·Over the last decade⑥， an average f 2,500 peple have died every year in vehicle accidents.
·Traffic is ne f the majr causes f glbal warming and climate change, as car engines prduce varius types f greenhuse gases⑦.
·Almst 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pllutin.
·Sme types f cancer are related⑧ t traffic pllutin.,
①destructin n． 破坏，毁坏
②stuck adj. 卡住的，无法移动的
get stuck in 陷入
③jam n. 拥挤，堵塞；果酱
traffic jam 交通堵塞
④stressed ut 焦虑的
⑤cmpared t 比起
⑥decade n. 十年，十年期
⑦gas n. 气，气体
⑧relate vi. 相联系，有关联
be related t 与……有关联
[参考译文]第1部分
“今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施工！”
“真的吗？我花了一个多小时。 M11公路上发生了一起事故。”
这样的谈话你多久听到一次？有多少次我们碰到交通阻塞而动弹不得？又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？对很多人来说，答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据：
•在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3200万辆汽车。,•在过去10年中，每年平均有2，500人死于交通事故。
•交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。
•每年有近3万人死于空气污染。
•多种癌症与交通污染有关。
Part 2
We knw that cars are bad fr⑨ us. But we all make excuses: “The buses are terrible”； “The trains are always late”； “I haven ’t gt time t walk”. I ’m talking abut myself, t. T be frank, I ’m addicted teq \(○,\s\up1(10)) my car. When I asked a friend wrking fr a greenliving rganisatin fr advice abut hw t give up, she tld me five things:
·Use yur legs. In 2014, ver 55% f car jurneys were under eight kilmetres. Instead f taking shrt car jurneys, we culd easily walk r cycle. Leg pwer can save yur mney, keep yu fit and help yu live lnger. Regular⑪ exercise als cuts the risk f⑫ heart disease by 50%!
·Use public transprt. Up t⑬ 90 peple can travel in ne bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Smetimes it can take a little bit lnger, but s what? Yu can relax, read a bk, talk t smene — wh knws?
·Think befre yu g. D yu really have t g t that shpping centre n the ther side f twn? What abut the shps arund the crner? Befre yu get int yur car, think abut whether yu really need t make that jurney.
·Share cars. If yu really have t use a car, share jurneys with smene else. It is much cheaper and kinder t the envirnment.
·Take actin⑭！ We ften think there is nthing we can d abut the nise, pllutin and danger f traffic. There is. If yur street is full f⑮ heavy traffic, talk t yur neighburs abut it. Write t the papers. G t the city gvernment. Ask fr a speed limit. D whichever f these things that suit⑯ yu. Dn ’t just sit arund and cmplain!
All quite simple, isn ’t it? Five easy ways t imprve ur envirnment. Well, I ’m srry I have t finish this article, but I ’ve gt t pick up⑰ my daughter frm schl at 4 pm. Then I ’ve gt t drive t the supermarket t d the shpping. After that, I have t take my sn t a party. The traffic is ging t be hrrible, but what can I d？
⑨be bad fr 对……有害
eq \(○,\s\up1(10))be addicted t 对……上瘾
⑪regular adj. 定期的，有规律的
⑫cut the risk f 降低……的风险
⑬up t 高达
⑭take actin 采取行动
⑮be full f 充满
⑯suit vt. 适合
n. 套装
⑰pick up 用车去接
[参考译文]
第2部分
我们知道汽车给我们带来的危害，但总能找到借口：“公共汽车很糟糕”；“火车总是晚点”；“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我自己。坦率地说，我离不开车。当我向在绿色生活组织工作的一个朋友询问如何放弃汽车时，她给出了五条建议：
·走路。 2014年，超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。我们可以很容易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行走可以省钱，保持健康并帮助你延长寿命。定期的锻炼也能降低 50%患心脏病的风险！
·使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而这些人乘坐小轿车至少需要18辆车。有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈——谁知道呢？
·出发之前先想想。你真的要去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗？拐角处的商店怎么样？在上车之前，想想你是否真的需要开车去那个地方。
·共享汽车。如果你不得不用车，与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜，也更环保。
·采取行动！我们经常觉得面对噪音、污染和交通危险，自己无能为力。其实可以有所为。如果你所在的那条街交通繁忙，去和邻居们谈谈。给报纸(一类的媒体)写信(反映)。去市政府。申请设置限速。做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。别光坐在那里抱怨！
这些都很简单，不是吗？五种简单的方法就可以改善我们的环境。好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。然后开车去超市购物。之后还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通状况将会非常糟，但我能怎么办呢？
Ⅰ.What ’s the main idea f the passage?
The passage is mainly abut the effects and slutins f the car using.
Ⅱ.Read the text (Part 1) fast and judge the fllwing statements TRUE r FALSE.
1．Peple always get stuck in traffic jams every day.
2．Twenty years ag, there were 32 millin cars n the rad in Britain.
3．2,500 peple die every year in vehicle accidents in the wrld n average.
4．Air pllutin and cancer are related t traffic.
答案：1～4 TFFT
Ⅲ.Read the text (Part 2) carefully and chse the best answer.
1．Why des the writer mentin the excuses in the first paragraph?
A．T shw us that cars are bad fr us.
B．T find the cause f being late.
C．T give a reasn fr using cars.
D．T cmplain the traffic jams.
2．What ’s the advantage f taking public transprt?
A．Saving yur time.
B．Helping yu live lnger.
C．Keeping yu fit.
D．Relaxing yurself.
3．What des the writer advise us t d?
A．Use ur head.
B．Buy public transprt.
C．Drive yur car alne.
D．Avid lng jurneys.
4．What can we infer abut the writer frm the last paragraph?
A．He can ’t g withut cars.
B．He has a beautiful daughter.
C．He give his sn a busy schedule.
D．He will take actin immediately.
答案：1～4 CDDA
Ⅳ.Fill in the blanks with right wrds r phrases accrding t the passage.
Ⅰ.语境写单词
1．get stuck in the crwd 困在人群中
2．avid the traffic jam 避免交通堵塞
3．radwrks in prgress 道路正在施工
4．frm decade t decade 数十年来
5．gas statin 加油站
6．a new frm f cancer 一种新型癌症
Ⅱ.拓展识变化
1．destructin n．破坏，毁坏→destry v．破坏，毁坏→destryer n．破坏者，毁坏者
2．annyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→anny v．使烦恼；使生气→annyance n．烦恼，生气
3．anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj.愤怒的；生气的
4．relate vi.相联系，有关联→relatin n．联系，关联 →relative n．亲戚 adj.相对的
5．regular adj.定期的，有规律的→regularly adv.定期地，有规律地
6．suit vt.适合； n．套装→suitable adj.合适的
Ⅲ.语境记短语
1．a traffic jam 交通堵塞
2．lk stressed ut 焦虑的
3．be related t the gal 和……有关联
Ⅳ.仿写练句式
1．[教材原句] This mrning, it tk me 40 minutes t g dwntwn.
[句式分析] it takes sb sme time t d sth “做某事花费某人多少时间”
[佳句仿写] 我用了很长时间才下定决心。
It tk me a lng time t make up my mind.
2．[教材原句] Over the last decade, an average f 2,500 peple have died every year in vehicle accidents.
[句式分析] ver the last ...用于现在完成时
[佳句仿写] 过去的三十年，我们对这个问题有了深入细致的讨论。
We have discussed a lt abut the prblem ver the last 30 years.
3．[教材原句] T be frank, I ’m addicted t my car.
[句式分析] 独立结构
[佳句仿写] 说实话，他也不知道他要去哪里。
T tell the truth, he did nt knw where he was ging.
4．[教材原句] Smetimes it can take a little bit lnger, but s what?
[句式分析] s what？“那又怎样？”
[佳句仿写] 他比我小十五岁， 即使如此， 又有什么了不起？
He ’s fifteen years yunger than me. S what if he is?
1．(教材p.58)t feel annyed
感到生气
annyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
His mther was annyed with him fr being s rude t their neighbrs.
他的母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
归纳拓展
(1)be annyed with sb 生某人的气
be annyed at/abut sth 因为某事生气
(2)anny vt. 使不悦；惹恼；打扰
(3)annying adj. 恼人的；讨厌的(多修饰物)
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空
①It ’s mre likely that nne f us start a cnversatin because it ’s awkward and challenging，r we think it ’s annying (anny) and unnecessary.
②The children wuldn ’t stp talking, s I was beginning t get annyed (anny) with them.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③ It annyed me mst that the shes I bught frm yur stre were very dirty.
→What annyed me mst was that the shes I bught frm yur stre were very dirty.(主语从句)
2．(教材p.58)Hw ften d we arrive at wrk r schl, stressed ut, tired and angry?
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？
stressed ut焦虑的
Thse wh are stressed ut are ften nervus, angry r ill.
凡是焦虑的人经常会紧张、生气或生病。
归纳拓展
(1)stress n． 压力
v. 强调；重读
under stress 在压力下
lay/place/put stress n/upn ...
对……施压(产生压力)；
强调……的重要性
stress the imprtance f ...
强调……的重要性
(2)stressful adj. 压力重的(指物)
(3)stressed adj. 有压力的(指人)
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①Mst dctrs and nurses live under stressful (stress) cnditins.
②Nwadays mre and mre middle schl students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies.
③He laid particular stress n/upn the need fr discipline.
④Peple under a lt f stress may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties. That ’s why we need t relax urselves at times.
人们在巨大压力下可能会头疼、失眠。那就是为什么我们有时需要放松自己。
⑤The imprtance f cperatin r teamwrk during basketball games cannt be stressed enugh.
篮球比赛中团队协作的重要性再怎么强调也不为过。
[能力提升]—— 一句多译
他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。
⑥He stressed the imprtance f a gd educatin.(stress v．)
⑦He put stress n a gd educatin.(stress n．)
3．(教材p.59)Sme types f cancer are related t traffic pllutin.
多种癌症与交通污染有关。
relate vi.相联系，有关联
In fact, traffic rules are part f the rules and regulatins clsely related t public rder.
事实上，交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规章制度的一部分。
归纳拓展
(1)relate t 与……有关；涉及
relate A t/with B 把A和B联系起来
be related t 与……有联系的
relate t sb/sth 能理解/同情某人/某物
(2)relative adj. 相比较而言的；相关联的
n. 亲属，亲戚
(3)relatively adv. 相对地，相当地
(4)relatinship n. 关系
(5)relatin n. 关系；亲属
have relatin t/with 和……有关
in relatin t 就……而论；和……联系起来看
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①It is cnsiderate f yu t call n yur relatives (relate) frm time t time.
②If time permits，I expect t have mre spare time t spend with my friends s that we can have a better relatinship (relate)．
③Lack f exercise is als a risk factr fr heart disease but it ’s relatively (relative) small when cmpared with the thers.
④It is required that the cmpsitin (shuld) be related (relate) t the students ’ life.
⑤His fear f peple is clsely related t his unhappy childhd.
他对人的恐惧和他不幸的童年有着密切的关系。
⑥In fact, we can relate all these traffic accidents t/with careless driving.
实际上，我们可以把所有这些交通事故和粗心驾驶联系起来。
4．(教材p.59)D whichever f these things that suit yu.
做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。
suit vt.适合 n．套装
This ht weather desn ’t suit me.
天这么热，我真受不了。
归纳拓展
(1)suit sth t sb/sth 使某事适合于某人/某物
(2)suitable adj. 合适的，适当的
be suitable fr ... 适合……
be suitable t d sth 适合做某事
(3)suited adj. 合适的；般配的
be suited t ... 适合于……
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空
①Peple settle in these places because they are easy t get t and naturally suited t cmmunicatins and trade.
②Many f the fish caught fr sprt are nt suitable (suit) fr eating，s they are thrwn away.
③Mr Smith decided that he was nt suited (suit) t the life in a small twn, s he returned t the city.
④A gd teacher suits his lessns t the age f his pupils.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他适合做这份志愿的工作。
⑤He is suitable fr the vluntary wrk.
⑥He is suitable t d the vluntary wrk.
1．(教材p.58)In the last 20 years, the number f cars n the rads has gne up by 25%.
在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。
[句式分析1] in the last ...表示“从过去开始起到现在的一段时间”，常用于现在完成时。有类似用法的还有fr/ver/during the last/past＋时间段。
The price f huses has dubled ver the past few years.
房价这几年来涨了一倍。
[句式分析2] the number f表示“……的数量”，常见用法为“the number f＋复数名词＋单数谓语动词”；a number f表示“许多，大量”，常见用法为“a number f＋复数名词＋复数谓语动词”。
The number f students in ur class is mre than 70.
我们班的学生人数超过70人。
A number f students have gne fr an uting.
许多学生去远足了。
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①Over the years，there have been (be) a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint.
②In the past few years, a large number f films have been prduced (prduce) all ver the wrld.
③The number f traffic accidents arising frm drunk driving makes up 20 percent f the ttal.
酒后驾车造成的交通事故的数量占总数的20%。
④Because f the size f the industry, a number f career pprtunities are available.
因为这个行业的规模，有很多的职业机会可提供。
2．(教材p.59)T be frank, I ’m addicted t my car.
坦率地说，我离不开车。
[句式分析] 句中T be frank意为“坦白地说，坦率地说”，是一种非谓语独立结构作状语。
T be frank, many mistakes we made culd have been avided if we had been mre careful.
坦率地说，如果我们更细心一些，我们所犯的许多错误是可以避免的。
归纳拓展
(1)现在分词类：hnestly/persnally/generally/strictly speaking, judging frm/by, taking everything int accunt, cnsidering that, seeing that, assuming that, suppsing, talking f, including等。如：
Seeing that nbdy was very enthusiastic abut it, they decided t cancel the trip.
鉴于没人对这次旅行感兴趣，他们决定取消它。
(2)过去分词类：given, prvided (＝prviding), cmpared t/with等。如：
Given anther chance, he will surely succeed.
如果再有一次机会的话，他肯定会成功的。
(3)不定式类：t tell (yu) the truth, t be hnest (frank, exact ...), t sum up, t make the stry shrt, t make things wrse, t begin with (start with)等。
T be hnest, I dn ’t think we have a chance f winning.
说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
活学巧练
⊙补全句子
①Cnsidering that it is handmade, the price seems reasnable.
考虑到它是手工制成的，价格还算合理。
②Talking f travel, have yu ever been t New Yrk?
谈到旅行，你去过纽约吗？
③Frankly speaking, I ’d rather yu didn ’t d anything abut it fr the time being.
坦白地说，我宁愿你现在对此事什么也不要做。
④Cmpared with her achievements, her shrtcmings are, after all, nly secndary.
同她的成就相比，她的缺点毕竟是次要的。
⑤T make matters/things wrse, it started t snw when evening came.
更糟糕的是，夜幕降临时，天开始下雪了。
⑥Judging frm his past perfrmances, he is nt likely t d very well in this exam.
从他过去的表现来判断，他在这次考试中不可能表现得太好。
Car using
Part 1
Persnal effects
1.stressed ut, tired, angry
Scial effects
traffic accidents, 2.glbal warming and climate change, 3.deaths and cancer caused by air pllutin
Part 2
Slutins
4.walk/cycle mre
use 5.public transprt
think 6.befre yu g
share 7.cars
8.take actin
eq \a\vs4\al([原文呈现]), eq \a\vs4\al([读文清障])
Part 1
“This mrning, it tk me 40 minutes t g dwntwn. Mre radwrks n the A10！”
“Oh really? It tk me ver an hur. There was an accident n the M11.”
Hw ften have yu heard these cnversatins? Hw ften d we get stuck② in traffic jams③？ Hw ften d we arrive at wrk r schl, stressed ut④， tired and angry? Fr many peple, the answer is every day. But persnal anger and stress are nthing cmpared t⑤ the real csts scially. Here are sme figures abut Britain：
·In the last 20 years, the number f cars n the rads has gne up by 25%. There are nw 32 millin cars.
·Over the last decade⑥， an average f 2,500 peple have died every year in vehicle accidents.
·Traffic is ne f the majr causes f glbal warming and climate change, as car engines prduce varius types f greenhuse gases⑦.
·Almst 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pllutin.
·Sme types f cancer are related⑧ t traffic pllutin.,
①destructin n． 破坏，毁坏
②stuck adj. 卡住的，无法移动的
get stuck in 陷入
③jam n. 拥挤，堵塞；果酱
traffic jam 交通堵塞
④stressed ut 焦虑的
⑤cmpared t 比起
⑥decade n. 十年，十年期
⑦gas n. 气，气体
⑧relate vi. 相联系，有关联
be related t 与……有关联
[参考译文]第1部分
“今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施工！”
“真的吗？我花了一个多小时。 M11公路上发生了一起事故。”
这样的谈话你多久听到一次？有多少次我们碰到交通阻塞而动弹不得？又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？对很多人来说，答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据：
•在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3200万辆汽车。,•在过去10年中，每年平均有2，500人死于交通事故。
•交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。
•每年有近3万人死于空气污染。
•多种癌症与交通污染有关。
Part 2
We knw that cars are bad fr⑨ us. But we all make excuses: “The buses are terrible”； “The trains are always late”； “I haven ’t gt time t walk”. I ’m talking abut myself, t. T be frank, I ’m addicted teq \(○,\s\up1(10)) my car. When I asked a friend wrking fr a greenliving rganisatin fr advice abut hw t give up, she tld me five things:
·Use yur legs. In 2014, ver 55% f car jurneys were under eight kilmetres. Instead f taking shrt car jurneys, we culd easily walk r cycle. Leg pwer can save yur mney, keep yu fit and help yu live lnger. Regular⑪ exercise als cuts the risk f⑫ heart disease by 50%!
·Use public transprt. Up t⑬ 90 peple can travel in ne bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Smetimes it can take a little bit lnger, but s what? Yu can relax, read a bk, talk t smene — wh knws?
·Think befre yu g. D yu really have t g t that shpping centre n the ther side f twn? What abut the shps arund the crner? Befre yu get int yur car, think abut whether yu really need t make that jurney.
·Share cars. If yu really have t use a car, share jurneys with smene else. It is much cheaper and kinder t the envirnment.
·Take actin⑭！ We ften think there is nthing we can d abut the nise, pllutin and danger f traffic. There is. If yur street is full f⑮ heavy traffic, talk t yur neighburs abut it. Write t the papers. G t the city gvernment. Ask fr a speed limit. D whichever f these things that suit⑯ yu. Dn ’t just sit arund and cmplain!
All quite simple, isn ’t it? Five easy ways t imprve ur envirnment. Well, I ’m srry I have t finish this article, but I ’ve gt t pick up⑰ my daughter frm schl at 4 pm. Then I ’ve gt t drive t the supermarket t d the shpping. After that, I have t take my sn t a party. The traffic is ging t be hrrible, but what can I d？
⑨be bad fr 对……有害
eq \(○,\s\up1(10))be addicted t 对……上瘾
⑪regular adj. 定期的，有规律的
⑫cut the risk f 降低……的风险
⑬up t 高达
⑭take actin 采取行动
⑮be full f 充满
⑯suit vt. 适合
n. 套装
⑰pick up 用车去接
[参考译文]
第2部分
我们知道汽车给我们带来的危害，但总能找到借口：“公共汽车很糟糕”；“火车总是晚点”；“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我自己。坦率地说，我离不开车。当我向在绿色生活组织工作的一个朋友询问如何放弃汽车时，她给出了五条建议：
·走路。 2014年，超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。我们可以很容易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行走可以省钱，保持健康并帮助你延长寿命。定期的锻炼也能降低 50%患心脏病的风险！
·使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而这些人乘坐小轿车至少需要18辆车。有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈——谁知道呢？
·出发之前先想想。你真的要去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗？拐角处的商店怎么样？在上车之前，想想你是否真的需要开车去那个地方。
·共享汽车。如果你不得不用车，与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜，也更环保。
·采取行动！我们经常觉得面对噪音、污染和交通危险，自己无能为力。其实可以有所为。如果你所在的那条街交通繁忙，去和邻居们谈谈。给报纸(一类的媒体)写信(反映)。去市政府。申请设置限速。做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。别光坐在那里抱怨！
这些都很简单，不是吗？五种简单的方法就可以改善我们的环境。好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。然后开车去超市购物。之后还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通状况将会非常糟，但我能怎么办呢？
Ⅰ.What ’s the main idea f the passage?
The passage is mainly abut the effects and slutins f the car using.
Ⅱ.Read the text (Part 1) fast and judge the fllwing statements TRUE r FALSE.
1．Peple always get stuck in traffic jams every day.
2．Twenty years ag, there were 32 millin cars n the rad in Britain.
3．2,500 peple die every year in vehicle accidents in the wrld n average.
4．Air pllutin and cancer are related t traffic.
答案：1～4 TFFT
Ⅲ.Read the text (Part 2) carefully and chse the best answer.
1．Why des the writer mentin the excuses in the first paragraph?
A．T shw us that cars are bad fr us.
B．T find the cause f being late.
C．T give a reasn fr using cars.
D．T cmplain the traffic jams.
2．What ’s the advantage f taking public transprt?
A．Saving yur time.
B．Helping yu live lnger.
C．Keeping yu fit.
D．Relaxing yurself.
3．What des the writer advise us t d?
A．Use ur head.
B．Buy public transprt.
C．Drive yur car alne.
D．Avid lng jurneys.
4．What can we infer abut the writer frm the last paragraph?
A．He can ’t g withut cars.
B．He has a beautiful daughter.
C．He give his sn a busy schedule.
D．He will take actin immediately.
答案：1～4 CDDA
Ⅳ.Fill in the blanks with right wrds r phrases accrding t the passage.
Ⅰ.语境写单词
1．get stuck in the crwd 困在人群中
2．avid the traffic jam 避免交通堵塞
3．radwrks in prgress 道路正在施工
4．frm decade t decade 数十年来
5．gas statin 加油站
6．a new frm f cancer 一种新型癌症
Ⅱ.拓展识变化
1．destructin n．破坏，毁坏→destry v．破坏，毁坏→destryer n．破坏者，毁坏者
2．annyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→anny v．使烦恼；使生气→annyance n．烦恼，生气
3．anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj.愤怒的；生气的
4．relate vi.相联系，有关联→relatin n．联系，关联 →relative n．亲戚 adj.相对的
5．regular adj.定期的，有规律的→regularly adv.定期地，有规律地
6．suit vt.适合； n．套装→suitable adj.合适的
Ⅲ.语境记短语
1．a traffic jam 交通堵塞
2．lk stressed ut 焦虑的
3．be related t the gal 和……有关联
Ⅳ.仿写练句式
1．[教材原句] This mrning, it tk me 40 minutes t g dwntwn.
[句式分析] it takes sb sme time t d sth “做某事花费某人多少时间”
[佳句仿写] 我用了很长时间才下定决心。
It tk me a lng time t make up my mind.
2．[教材原句] Over the last decade, an average f 2,500 peple have died every year in vehicle accidents.
[句式分析] ver the last ...用于现在完成时
[佳句仿写] 过去的三十年，我们对这个问题有了深入细致的讨论。
We have discussed a lt abut the prblem ver the last 30 years.
3．[教材原句] T be frank, I ’m addicted t my car.
[句式分析] 独立结构
[佳句仿写] 说实话，他也不知道他要去哪里。
T tell the truth, he did nt knw where he was ging.
4．[教材原句] Smetimes it can take a little bit lnger, but s what?
[句式分析] s what？“那又怎样？”
[佳句仿写] 他比我小十五岁， 即使如此， 又有什么了不起？
He ’s fifteen years yunger than me. S what if he is?
1．(教材p.58)t feel annyed
感到生气
annyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
His mther was annyed with him fr being s rude t their neighbrs.
他的母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
归纳拓展
(1)be annyed with sb 生某人的气
be annyed at/abut sth 因为某事生气
(2)anny vt. 使不悦；惹恼；打扰
(3)annying adj. 恼人的；讨厌的(多修饰物)
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空
①It ’s mre likely that nne f us start a cnversatin because it ’s awkward and challenging，r we think it ’s annying (anny) and unnecessary.
②The children wuldn ’t stp talking, s I was beginning t get annyed (anny) with them.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③ It annyed me mst that the shes I bught frm yur stre were very dirty.
→What annyed me mst was that the shes I bught frm yur stre were very dirty.(主语从句)
2．(教材p.58)Hw ften d we arrive at wrk r schl, stressed ut, tired and angry?
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？
stressed ut焦虑的
Thse wh are stressed ut are ften nervus, angry r ill.
凡是焦虑的人经常会紧张、生气或生病。
归纳拓展
(1)stress n． 压力
v. 强调；重读
under stress 在压力下
lay/place/put stress n/upn ...
对……施压(产生压力)；
强调……的重要性
stress the imprtance f ...
强调……的重要性
(2)stressful adj. 压力重的(指物)
(3)stressed adj. 有压力的(指人)
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①Mst dctrs and nurses live under stressful (stress) cnditins.
②Nwadays mre and mre middle schl students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies.
③He laid particular stress n/upn the need fr discipline.
④Peple under a lt f stress may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties. That ’s why we need t relax urselves at times.
人们在巨大压力下可能会头疼、失眠。那就是为什么我们有时需要放松自己。
⑤The imprtance f cperatin r teamwrk during basketball games cannt be stressed enugh.
篮球比赛中团队协作的重要性再怎么强调也不为过。
[能力提升]—— 一句多译
他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。
⑥He stressed the imprtance f a gd educatin.(stress v．)
⑦He put stress n a gd educatin.(stress n．)
3．(教材p.59)Sme types f cancer are related t traffic pllutin.
多种癌症与交通污染有关。
relate vi.相联系，有关联
In fact, traffic rules are part f the rules and regulatins clsely related t public rder.
事实上，交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规章制度的一部分。
归纳拓展
(1)relate t 与……有关；涉及
relate A t/with B 把A和B联系起来
be related t 与……有联系的
relate t sb/sth 能理解/同情某人/某物
(2)relative adj. 相比较而言的；相关联的
n. 亲属，亲戚
(3)relatively adv. 相对地，相当地
(4)relatinship n. 关系
(5)relatin n. 关系；亲属
have relatin t/with 和……有关
in relatin t 就……而论；和……联系起来看
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①It is cnsiderate f yu t call n yur relatives (relate) frm time t time.
②If time permits，I expect t have mre spare time t spend with my friends s that we can have a better relatinship (relate)．
③Lack f exercise is als a risk factr fr heart disease but it ’s relatively (relative) small when cmpared with the thers.
④It is required that the cmpsitin (shuld) be related (relate) t the students ’ life.
⑤His fear f peple is clsely related t his unhappy childhd.
他对人的恐惧和他不幸的童年有着密切的关系。
⑥In fact, we can relate all these traffic accidents t/with careless driving.
实际上，我们可以把所有这些交通事故和粗心驾驶联系起来。
4．(教材p.59)D whichever f these things that suit yu.
做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。
suit vt.适合 n．套装
This ht weather desn ’t suit me.
天这么热，我真受不了。
归纳拓展
(1)suit sth t sb/sth 使某事适合于某人/某物
(2)suitable adj. 合适的，适当的
be suitable fr ... 适合……
be suitable t d sth 适合做某事
(3)suited adj. 合适的；般配的
be suited t ... 适合于……
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空
①Peple settle in these places because they are easy t get t and naturally suited t cmmunicatins and trade.
②Many f the fish caught fr sprt are nt suitable (suit) fr eating，s they are thrwn away.
③Mr Smith decided that he was nt suited (suit) t the life in a small twn, s he returned t the city.
④A gd teacher suits his lessns t the age f his pupils.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他适合做这份志愿的工作。
⑤He is suitable fr the vluntary wrk.
⑥He is suitable t d the vluntary wrk.
1．(教材p.58)In the last 20 years, the number f cars n the rads has gne up by 25%.
在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。
[句式分析1] in the last ...表示“从过去开始起到现在的一段时间”，常用于现在完成时。有类似用法的还有fr/ver/during the last/past＋时间段。
The price f huses has dubled ver the past few years.
房价这几年来涨了一倍。
[句式分析2] the number f表示“……的数量”，常见用法为“the number f＋复数名词＋单数谓语动词”；a number f表示“许多，大量”，常见用法为“a number f＋复数名词＋复数谓语动词”。
The number f students in ur class is mre than 70.
我们班的学生人数超过70人。
A number f students have gne fr an uting.
许多学生去远足了。
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①Over the years，there have been (be) a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint.
②In the past few years, a large number f films have been prduced (prduce) all ver the wrld.
③The number f traffic accidents arising frm drunk driving makes up 20 percent f the ttal.
酒后驾车造成的交通事故的数量占总数的20%。
④Because f the size f the industry, a number f career pprtunities are available.
因为这个行业的规模，有很多的职业机会可提供。
2．(教材p.59)T be frank, I ’m addicted t my car.
坦率地说，我离不开车。
[句式分析] 句中T be frank意为“坦白地说，坦率地说”，是一种非谓语独立结构作状语。
T be frank, many mistakes we made culd have been avided if we had been mre careful.
坦率地说，如果我们更细心一些，我们所犯的许多错误是可以避免的。
归纳拓展
(1)现在分词类：hnestly/persnally/generally/strictly speaking, judging frm/by, taking everything int accunt, cnsidering that, seeing that, assuming that, suppsing, talking f, including等。如：
Seeing that nbdy was very enthusiastic abut it, they decided t cancel the trip.
鉴于没人对这次旅行感兴趣，他们决定取消它。
(2)过去分词类：given, prvided (＝prviding), cmpared t/with等。如：
Given anther chance, he will surely succeed.
如果再有一次机会的话，他肯定会成功的。
(3)不定式类：t tell (yu) the truth, t be hnest (frank, exact ...), t sum up, t make the stry shrt, t make things wrse, t begin with (start with)等。
T be hnest, I dn ’t think we have a chance f winning.
说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
活学巧练
⊙补全句子
①Cnsidering that it is handmade, the price seems reasnable.
考虑到它是手工制成的，价格还算合理。
②Talking f travel, have yu ever been t New Yrk?
谈到旅行，你去过纽约吗？
③Frankly speaking, I ’d rather yu didn ’t d anything abut it fr the time being.
坦白地说，我宁愿你现在对此事什么也不要做。
④Cmpared with her achievements, her shrtcmings are, after all, nly secndary.
同她的成就相比，她的缺点毕竟是次要的。
⑤T make matters/things wrse, it started t snw when evening came.
更糟糕的是，夜幕降临时，天开始下雪了。
⑥Judging frm his past perfrmances, he is nt likely t d very well in this exam.
从他过去的表现来判断，他在这次考试中不可能表现得太好。
Car using
Part 1
Persnal effects
1.stressed ut, tired, angry
Scial effects
traffic accidents, 2.glbal warming and climate change, 3.deaths and cancer caused by air pllutin
Part 2
Slutins
4.walk/cycle mre
use 5.public transprt
think 6.befre yu g
share 7.cars
8.take actin
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