还剩12页未读，
继续阅读
英语Unit 2 Exploring English学案
展开
这是一份英语Unit 2 Exploring English学案，共15页。
On the vide website f The Wall Street Jurnal, a wrd has attracted peple's attentin.In rder t reprt the news that Chinese elderly wmen help increase the gld price, The Wall Street Jurnal creates the wrd “dama”(elderly wmen), an English wrd which cmes frm Chinese Pinyin.This shws that English expressins which are cntributed by Chinese have integrated int every aspect f internatinal life.
Wrds that are “brrwed”frm anther language, such as “dama”， are called “lanwrds”．This is nt a new phenmenn in linguistics (语言学)．
Since mdern times，Chinese vcabulary has brrwed many English wrds，such as “cpy”，“cl”and“cla”．These wrds are vivid and highly literal.Retaining the English prnunciatin, they can express their Chinese meaning.
Meanwhile, English wrds that derive (来自) frm Chinese Pinyin can be seen in verseas media reprts.Abut 10 years ag, freigners tk delight in talking abut “guanxi (relatinship)”．Unlike “relatinship”， “guanxi”is used t describe the unique and cmplex relative netwrk in China.Later, this wrd was included in Rules and Netwrks, a business cllege textbk used in many Englishspeaking cuntries.
Glbal Language Mnitr thinks highly f Chinglish in terms f a glbal visin and the develpment f English, calling Chinglish a “delightful mixture”．
Mst f the English wrds cme frm ther languages, such as Latin, German and French.Nw, an increasing number f English wrds are cntributed by Chinese.
[理解]
Read the passage and answer the fllwing questins.
1．What's the main idea f the passage?
An increasing number f English wrds are cntributed by Chinese.
2．Find ut the examples f Chinese vcabulary brrwed frm English wrds.
“Cpy”，“cl” and “cla”．
3．What d the languages that mst f the English wrds cme frm?
Latin，German and French.
[积累]
1．increase v． 增加
2．cntribute v. 添加
3．integrate int 融入
4．phenmenn n. 现象
5．take delight in 以……为乐
6．in terms f 就……而言
7．visin n. 视野
8．increasing adj. 不断增加的
Sectin ⅠStarting ut & Understanding ideas
eq \a\vs4\al([原文呈现])
Neither Pine nr Apple in Pineapple
Have yu ever asked yurself why peple ften have truble learning① English？[1]I hadn't, until ne day my fiveyearld sn asked me whether there was ham② in a hamburger.There isn't.This made me realize that there's n egg in eggplant③ either.[2]Neither is there pine④ nr apple in pineapple⑤.[3]This gt me thinking hw English can be a crazy language t learn.
[1]整个句子是“nt ...”句式。I hadn't是I hadn't asked myself的省略形式，until引导时间状语从句。在该时间状语从句中，whether引导的从句作asked的直接宾语，whether在此意为“是否”。
[2]“neither ...”是并列连词，意为“既不……，也不……”；此处否定词Neither 位于句首，句子用了倒装结构。
[3]句中hw引导的从句作thinking的宾语。gt me thinking是“get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处用现在分词thinking作宾语补足语。
Fr example, in ur free time we can sculpt⑥ a sculpture and paint a painting, but we take a pht.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car r the taxi, but n the train r bus！[4]While we're ding all this traveling, we can get seasick⑦at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car, but we dn't get hmesick when we get back hme.And speaking f⑧ hme, why aren't hmewrk and husewrk the same thing?
[4]本句为由并列连词but连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，While引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。
If “hard” is the ppsite⑨ f “sft”，why are “hardly” and “sftly” nt an ppsing pair? If harmless⑩ actins are the ppsite f harmful actins, why are shameless⑪ and shameful behavirs⑫ the same?
When we lk ut f the windw and see rain r snw, we can say “it's raining” r “it's snwing”．But when we see sunshine, we can't say “it's sunshining”．
Even the smallest wrds can be cnfusing⑬.[5]When yu see the capitalized⑭ “WHO” in a medical reprt, d yu read it as the “wh”in“Wh's that？”What abut “IT” and “US”？
[6]Yu als have t wnder⑮ at the unique⑯ madness⑰ f a language in which a huse can burn up⑱ as eq \a\vs4\al(it) burns dwn, in which yu fill in⑲ a frm by filling it ut, and in which an alarm⑳ is nly heard nce it ges ff!
[5]When引导时间状语从句。capitalized为分词化形容词，在从句中作定语，修饰“WHO”。
[6]三个“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词a language。在第一个定语从句中，as引导时间状语从句；第三个定语从句中，nce引导条件状语从句。
English was invented by peple, nt cmputers, and it reflectseq \(○,\s\up1(21)) the creativityeq \(○,\s\up1(22)) f the human raceeq \(○,\s\up1(23)).[7]That is why when the stars are ut, they are visibleeq \(○,\s\up1(24))， but when the lights are ut, they are invisible.And that is why when I wind upeq \(○,\s\up1(25)) my watch，it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends.
[7]That is why ...为固定句型，意为“那就是……的原因”。此句型中why引导表语从句。
eq \a\vs4\al([读文清障])
①have truble (in) ding sth.做某事有困难
②ham n．火腿
③eggplant n．茄子
④pine n．松树
⑤pineapple n．菠萝
⑥sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑
sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
⑦seasick adj.晕船的
airsick adj.晕机的
carsick adj.晕车的
hmesick adj.想家的
⑧speaking f ...讲起……，说到……
⑨ppsite n．对立的人(或物)，对立面 adj.相反的；对面的
ppsing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的
ppse vt.反对，抵制
⑩harmless adj.无害的，不会导致损害的
harmful adj.有害的，导致损害的
⑪shameless adj.无耻的，没廉耻的
shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的
⑫behavir n．举止，行为
⑬cnfusing adj.令人困惑的
⑭capitalized adj.大写的
⑮wnder v．感到诧异，非常想知道
n．惊讶；奇迹
wnder at 对……感到诧异
(it's) n wnder that ...……不足为奇/并不奇怪
⑯unique adj.独一无二的，独特的
⑰madness n．疯狂；愚蠢行为
⑱burn up 烧毁，烧尽
burn dwn 烧毁
⑲fill in 填写(表格等)
fill ut 填写(表格等)
⑳alarm n．警报器；闹钟
eq \(○,\s\up1(21))reflect v．显示，反映
eq \(○,\s\up1(22))creativity n．创造性，创造力
eq \(○,\s\up1(23))human race 人类
eq \(○,\s\up1(24))visible adj.看得见的，可见的
invisible adj.看不见的
eq \(○,\s\up1(25))wind up 给(机械)上发条；使(活动、会议等)结束
[参考译文]
菠萝≠松树＋苹果
你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？我以前从未想过这个问题，直到有一天，我5岁的儿子问我 hamburger(汉堡包)里面有没有ham(火腿)。答案是没有。这让我意识到， eggplant(茄子)里面也没有egg(鸡蛋)，而 pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有 apple(苹果)。这让我陷入思考：对于学习者而言，英语到底可以有多疯狂呢？
例如，闲暇时我们可以雕一座雕像(sculpt a sculpture)、画一幅画(paint a painting)，但只能拍一张照片(take a pht)。旅行时，我们坐汽车或出租车时是说坐在里面(in)，坐火车或公共汽车时却要说坐在上面(n)！同样，我们会在海上晕船(seasick at sea)、在飞机里晕机(airsick in the air)、在车里晕车(carsick in a car)，但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”(hmesick，实际意义为“想家的”)。说到家，为什么hmewrk(家庭作业)和 husewrk(家务)(这两个英语单词看起来很像意思却)不是一回事呢？
如果说hard(硬)是sft(软)的反义词，为什么 hardly(几乎不)和 sftly(柔和地)却不是一对反义词？如果说 harmless actins(无害行为)和 harmful actins(有害行为)意思相反，为什么 shameless behavirs(无耻行为)和 shameful behavirs(可耻行为)反而是一回事？
当我们望向窗外，看到雨(rain)或雪(snw)时，我们可以说正在下雨(it's raining)或正在下雪(it's snwing)。可我们看见阳光(sunshine)的时候却不能说正在下阳光(it's sunshining)。
就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。如果你在医学报告中看到大写的WHO，你会把它读成Wh's that？中的wh吗？那么IT和US又该怎么读呢？
英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里，房子烧成灰烬的时候，可以说burn up(字面意思为“烧上去”)，也可以说 burn dwn(字面意思为“烧下去”)；填表的时候，你可以 fill in a frm(字面意思为“填入表里”)也可以 fill ut a frm(字面意思为“填到表外”); 而且只有闹钟走了(g ff字面意思为“离开”)以后你才能听到铃声！
英语是人创造的，不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。那就是为什么 stars are ut(星星出来)的时候我们能看到星星，而 lights are ut(灯灭)的时候我们却看不到灯光。那也是当我 wind up my watch(给手表上紧发条)以后表针开始走，而我 wind up this passage(将本文收尾)后这篇文章结束的原因。
Step One：Prereading
Discuss with yur partner abut the fllwing questins and answer the questins.
1．Which language is spken by the mst native speakers in the wrld?
Chinese.
2．Which language has the mst learners in the wrld?
English.
Step Tw：Whilereading
Ⅰ.Read fr the main idea
What's the main idea f the text?
A．Cmpund wrds. B．The charm f English.
C．Pine and apple. D．Differences f English.
答案：B
Ⅱ.Read fr details
Read the passage carefully and chse the best answers.
1．What is the structure f the passage?
2．Hw des the authr supprt his/her idea in the passage?
A．By listing numbers.
B．By making cmparisn.
C．By giving sme examples.
D．By using sme research results.
3．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．When we see rain, we can say “it's raining”．
B．When we see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical reprt, we can read it as the “wh” in “Wh's that？”
C．Harmless actins are the ppsite f harmful actins.
D．We can see the stars when they are ut.
4．What d the tw phrases “wind up” mean in the last sentence?
A．They bth mean “turn a handle”．
B．They bth mean “finish r stp ding sth.”．
C．The first means “turn a handle”，the secnd means “finish r stp ding sth.”．
D．The first means “finish r stp ding sth.”， the secnd means “turn a handle”．
答案：1～4 DCBC
Step Three：Pstreading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
D yu have any difficulty 1.learning (learn) English？Have yu ever wndered why there is n ham 2.in yur hamburger 3.and why yu can't find any egg in eggplant? Maybe this will get yu 4.thinking (think) hw crazy the language f English is.We like t paint a 5.painting (paint), and we are traveling in 6.the car but we take a pht and travel n the bus.When we see the rain, we say “it 7.is raining (rain)” but can't say “it is sunshining” when seeing sunshine.The wrds are really 8.cnfusing (cnfuse)．Such unique 9.madness (mad) can be seen almst everywhere because English reflects the 10.creativity (create) f the human race.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．the title f the chapter 这一章节的题目
2．a plateful f ham 一盘火腿
3．a unique genius 独特的天才
4．reflect the trend 反映这一趋势
5．be visible frm miles away 几英里外就能看得见
6．the alarm clck 闹钟
7．The graceful sculpture was sculpted by a famus sculptr.(sculpt)
8．Peple wh have the ppsing view were ppsed t the sudden change.(ppse)
9．His neighbrs are wrried abut his behavirs and they think Rui Yang smetimes behaves as if he is a little flish and dull in frnt f thers.(behave)
10．The by asked in cnfusin, saying that he was cnfused with the cnfusing questin.(cnfuse)
11．The gvernment shuld encurage creativity.Only in this way can creative peple create miracles.(create)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．cnfuse v．使困惑＋ing→cnfusing adj.令人困惑的
satisfying adj.令人满意的 surprising adj.令人惊讶的
shcking adj.令人震惊的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
2．sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑＋ture→sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
mixture n．混合物 signature n．签名
departure n．离开，出发 creature n．生物
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Speaking f (谈到) travelling, are yu ging anywhere exciting this year?
2．During a snwstrm, I just lk ut f (向外看) the windws at the wrld.
3．Can yu fill in (填写) sme f the details f yur career?
4．I've frgtten t wind up (给……上发条) my watch again.
5．Tw buildings n my blck burnt dwn (烧毁) in that big fire.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] Have yu ever asked yurself why peple ften have truble learning English?
[句式分析] have truble (in) ding sth.做某事有困难。
[佳句仿写] 有了你清晰的说明，我们毫不费力地找到了你的家。
We had n truble finding yur hme with yur clear instructins.
2．[教材原句] Neither is there pine nr apple in pineapple.
[句式分析] neither ...连接并列成分。
[佳句仿写] 土壤要正合适——既不太湿也不太干。
The grund must be just right — neither t wet nr t dry.
3．[教材原句] That is why when the stars are ut, they are visible, but when the lights are ut，they are invisible.
[句式分析] that is why ...那就是……的原因。
[佳句仿写] 我没有赶上第一班公共汽车。那就是今天我来迟的原因。
I didn't catch the first bus.That was why I came late tday.
1．behavir n．举止，行为
(教材P15) If harmless actins are the ppsite f harmful actins, why are shameless and shameful behavirs the same?
如果说harmless actins (无害行为)和harmful actins(有害行为)意思相反，为什么shameless behavirs (无耻行为)和shameful behavirs (可耻行为)反而是一回事？
(1)behave v． 表现
behave well/badly t/twards sb. 对某人表现良好/糟糕
behave neself 守规矩，表现得体
(2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的
badlybehaved adj. 表现差的
(经典佳句)Parents wrry abut the effect f music n their adlescent's behavir.
父母担心音乐对青春期孩子的行为有影响。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Everyne is angry because his rude behavir (behave)．
②Yu shuld behave yurself (yu) in a prper way in public.
[写美] 补全句子
③他告诉学生们听讲座时要举止得体，切勿聊天。
He tld his pupils t behave well and nt t chat while listening t a lecture.
2．cnfusing adj.令人困惑的
(教材P15) Even the smallest wrds can be cnfusing.
就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。
(1)cnfuse vt. 使迷惑，混淆
cnfuse ... 把……和……混淆
(2)cnfused adj. 困惑的
be cnfused abut sth. 对某事迷惑不解
(3)cnfusin n. 混乱，困惑
in cnfusin 困惑地，混乱地
(经典佳句)The instructins n the bx are very cnfusing.
盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I think it's a serius mistake t cnfuse wrk with/and life.
②They cnfused me by asking s many cnfusing questins.I was ttally cnfused, standing there in cnfusin, nt knwing what t d.(cnfuse)
补全句子
③我喜欢学习新单词，但是我对如何记忆单词感到困惑。
I lve learning new wrds, but I am cnfused abut hw t remember them well.
[写美] 翻译句子
④他困惑地看着我并没有回答这个问题。
He lked at me in cnfusin and did nt answer the questin.
[名师点津] ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征，意为“……的；令人……的”；ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态，常用来描述人，意为“感到……的”。另外，修饰face, lk, expressin, vice等时，常用 ed形式的形容词。
3．burn up 烧毁，烧尽；烧完；燃烧(能量)；火烧旺
(教材P15) Yu als have t wnder at the unique madness f a language in which a huse can burn up as it burns dwn ...
英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里，房子烧成灰烬的时候，可以说burn up(字面意思为“烧上去”)，也可以说 burn dwn(字面意思为“烧下去”)……
burn dwn 烧毁；火势减弱
burn t the grund 烧毁
burn ut 烧坏；燃尽；筋疲力尽，耗尽体力
(经典佳句)The plane circled the airprt t burn up excess fuel.
飞机在机场上空盘旋以耗掉多余的燃料。
[练透] 一词多义
①Usually the satellites burn up abut 100 km abve the earth.烧毁
②D yu knw hw much energy yu will burn up during the relay race？ 燃烧(能量)
③Mum put mre wd n the fire t make it burn up and the rm became warm gradually.火烧旺
词汇升级
④If yu ften burn the midnight il, yu'll be exhausted.
→If yu ften burn the midnight il, yu'll burn yurself ut.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤村庄里的许多木房子在这次大火中被烧毁了。
Many f the wden huses in the village were burnt t the grund in the big fire.
4．reflect v．显示，反映；反射(声音或者光)；思考
(教材P15) English was invented by peple, nt cmputers, and it reflects the creativity f the human race.
英语是人创造的，而不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。
(1)reflect sb./sth.(in sth.) (在……中)映出某人/某物的影像
reflect n/upn 认真思考；沉思
(2)reflectin n. 映像；反射
n/upn reflectin 经再三思考
(经典佳句)The statistics reflect a change in peple's spending habits.
这些统计数据显示出人们的消费习惯发生了变化。
[练透] 一词多义
①Des such an attitudinal change reflect real experiences in daily life？反映
②The manager demanded time t reflect n what t d.思考
③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)He was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water.反射
单句语法填空
④Usually a child's behavir is a reflectin (reflect) f his family envirnment.
词汇升级
⑤Befre I decide, I need time t think carefully abut the prblem.
→Befre I decide, I need time t reflect n/upn the prblem.
[写美] 补全句子
经再三考虑，我们决定改变计划。
⑥On/Upn reflectin, we decided t change ur plan.
[巧学助记] The light reflected frm the water int my eyes.White cluds were reflected in the lake.Sitting by the lake, I was reflecting n what my mm said.On reflectin，I decided t accept her suggestin.
光从水中反射入我的眼中，白云映照在湖中。坐在湖边，我在考虑妈妈的话。沉思后，我决定接受她的建议。
1．[句型公式] have truble (in) ding sth.做某事有困难/费力
(教材P14) Have yu ever asked yurself why peple ften have truble learning English?
你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？
句中have truble ding sth.意为“做某事有困难/费力”，且ding 前面省略了in。其中truble 为不可数名词，前面可用sme, any, n, little等词来修饰。
表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构：
(1)have truble/difficulty/prblems (in) ding sth.做某事有困难/麻烦
(2)have truble/difficulty/prblems with sth.在某方面有麻烦/困难
(经典佳句)I am having sme truble getting alng with my classmates at the mment.
目前，我和同学们相处有些麻烦。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Fr me，there is n difficulty finishing (finish) the task in tw days.
②Yu can't imagine the truble I have with my husewrk.
③He didn't tell me what truble he had wrking (wrk) ut the prblem.
[写美] 补全句子
④我与外国人交流有困难。
I have truble/difficulty/prblems (in) cmmunicating with freigners.
[名师点津] 有时将have truble ding sth.句式中的truble提前作先行词，此时定语从句中have后常为 ding形式。
2．[句型公式] neither ...连接并列成分
(教材P14) Neither is there pine nr apple in pineapple.
pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有apple (苹果)。
本句中neither ...意为“既不……也不……”，其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成分。
(1)neither ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数应和邻近的主语一致，遵循“就近原则”。
(2)neither放于句首时，句子部分倒装，即将系动词、助动词或情态动词提至主语前。
(3)表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nr引起的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nr＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Neither the students nr the teacher knws (knw) anything abut it.
②I have neither mney nr time fr the ball.
③He didn't remember it.Neither did I．
句型转换
④He neither likes nr has tried this kind f fd.
→Neither des he like nr has he tried this kind f fd.(倒装句)
[写美] 句式升级
⑤Tm wasn't be invited t the party yesterday and his parents weren't either.
→Neither Tm nr his parents were invited t the party yesterday.
3．[句型公式] That is why ...那就是……的原因
(教材P15) That is why when the stars are ut, they are visible, but when the lights are ut, they are invisible.
那就是为什么 stars are ut(星星出来)的时候我们能看到星星，而 lights are ut(灯灭)的时候我们却看不到灯光。
本句中That is why ...意为“那就是……的原因”；why引导表语从句，表示结果；That指代上文提到的事实。
其他相关句型：
(1)This/That is/was why ...这/那就是……的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)
(2)That/It is/was because ...那/这是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)
(3)The reasn why that ...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)
(经典佳句)It rained heavily.That was why they put ff the match.
雨下得很大。那就是他们推迟了比赛的原因。
[练透] 补全句子
①那就是鱼类更喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因——前者更温暖些。
That is why fish prefer shallw water t deep water because the frmer is warmer.
②也许是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
Maybe it's because we have seldm sat dwn and exchanged ur feelings and thughts.
③他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
The reasn why he wasn't admitted int a key university was that his grades were t lw.
[写美] 句型转换
Tm didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.
→④Tm was ill and that was why he didn't attend the meeting.
→⑤The reasn why Tm didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.
维度一 品句填词
1．There was a bk I wanted t buy, but nw I can't remember the title (标题)．
2．T make a sandwich yu put a slice f ham (火腿) between tw slices f bread.
3．The architectural structure f the Temple f Heaven is unique.
4．If there's any truble, sund the alarm by pulling the emergency crd.
5．As I read my mther's letter, I began t feel mre and mre hmesick (想家的)．
6．Pine (松树) trees are nt native t this part f the wrld.
7．The names f plitical parties are always capitalized (大写的), fr example, the Green Party.
8．There are few visible (看得见的) signs f the illness that kept her in hspital fr s lng.
维度二 词形转换
1．She is a dedicated teacher and is recgnized fr her enthusiasm and creativity (creative)．
2．The authr takes nvel reading as a way t get away frm a cnfusing (cnfuse) wrld.
3．His behavir (behave) under fire apprved him a man f curage.
4．At ur planning meeting we heard tw ppsing (ppse) pinins.
5．The museum has several lifesized sculptures (sculpt) f peple and animals.
6．Literature is the reflectin (reflect) f real life and the revelatin f the artistic pulse f perids.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．If we all agree, let's wind up (使结束) the discussin.
2．Speaking f (说起) the bicycle, sme peple think it is ut f date in many big cities.
3．He's a French，s he can neither speak nr (既不……也不……) write Chinese.
4．Please fill in/ut (填写) this frm, giving yur name, age and address.
5．He lst the game and that was why (那就是……的原因) he didn't cme t attend the celebratin party.
6．She lked ut f (向外看) the windw, sighing fr her lst yuth.
On the vide website f The Wall Street Jurnal, a wrd has attracted peple's attentin.In rder t reprt the news that Chinese elderly wmen help increase the gld price, The Wall Street Jurnal creates the wrd “dama”(elderly wmen), an English wrd which cmes frm Chinese Pinyin.This shws that English expressins which are cntributed by Chinese have integrated int every aspect f internatinal life.
Wrds that are “brrwed”frm anther language, such as “dama”， are called “lanwrds”．This is nt a new phenmenn in linguistics (语言学)．
Since mdern times，Chinese vcabulary has brrwed many English wrds，such as “cpy”，“cl”and“cla”．These wrds are vivid and highly literal.Retaining the English prnunciatin, they can express their Chinese meaning.
Meanwhile, English wrds that derive (来自) frm Chinese Pinyin can be seen in verseas media reprts.Abut 10 years ag, freigners tk delight in talking abut “guanxi (relatinship)”．Unlike “relatinship”， “guanxi”is used t describe the unique and cmplex relative netwrk in China.Later, this wrd was included in Rules and Netwrks, a business cllege textbk used in many Englishspeaking cuntries.
Glbal Language Mnitr thinks highly f Chinglish in terms f a glbal visin and the develpment f English, calling Chinglish a “delightful mixture”．
Mst f the English wrds cme frm ther languages, such as Latin, German and French.Nw, an increasing number f English wrds are cntributed by Chinese.
[理解]
Read the passage and answer the fllwing questins.
1．What's the main idea f the passage?
An increasing number f English wrds are cntributed by Chinese.
2．Find ut the examples f Chinese vcabulary brrwed frm English wrds.
“Cpy”，“cl” and “cla”．
3．What d the languages that mst f the English wrds cme frm?
Latin，German and French.
[积累]
1．increase v． 增加
2．cntribute v. 添加
3．integrate int 融入
4．phenmenn n. 现象
5．take delight in 以……为乐
6．in terms f 就……而言
7．visin n. 视野
8．increasing adj. 不断增加的
Sectin ⅠStarting ut & Understanding ideas
eq \a\vs4\al([原文呈现])
Neither Pine nr Apple in Pineapple
Have yu ever asked yurself why peple ften have truble learning① English？[1]I hadn't, until ne day my fiveyearld sn asked me whether there was ham② in a hamburger.There isn't.This made me realize that there's n egg in eggplant③ either.[2]Neither is there pine④ nr apple in pineapple⑤.[3]This gt me thinking hw English can be a crazy language t learn.
[1]整个句子是“nt ...”句式。I hadn't是I hadn't asked myself的省略形式，until引导时间状语从句。在该时间状语从句中，whether引导的从句作asked的直接宾语，whether在此意为“是否”。
[2]“neither ...”是并列连词，意为“既不……，也不……”；此处否定词Neither 位于句首，句子用了倒装结构。
[3]句中hw引导的从句作thinking的宾语。gt me thinking是“get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处用现在分词thinking作宾语补足语。
Fr example, in ur free time we can sculpt⑥ a sculpture and paint a painting, but we take a pht.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car r the taxi, but n the train r bus！[4]While we're ding all this traveling, we can get seasick⑦at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car, but we dn't get hmesick when we get back hme.And speaking f⑧ hme, why aren't hmewrk and husewrk the same thing?
[4]本句为由并列连词but连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，While引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。
If “hard” is the ppsite⑨ f “sft”，why are “hardly” and “sftly” nt an ppsing pair? If harmless⑩ actins are the ppsite f harmful actins, why are shameless⑪ and shameful behavirs⑫ the same?
When we lk ut f the windw and see rain r snw, we can say “it's raining” r “it's snwing”．But when we see sunshine, we can't say “it's sunshining”．
Even the smallest wrds can be cnfusing⑬.[5]When yu see the capitalized⑭ “WHO” in a medical reprt, d yu read it as the “wh”in“Wh's that？”What abut “IT” and “US”？
[6]Yu als have t wnder⑮ at the unique⑯ madness⑰ f a language in which a huse can burn up⑱ as eq \a\vs4\al(it) burns dwn, in which yu fill in⑲ a frm by filling it ut, and in which an alarm⑳ is nly heard nce it ges ff!
[5]When引导时间状语从句。capitalized为分词化形容词，在从句中作定语，修饰“WHO”。
[6]三个“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词a language。在第一个定语从句中，as引导时间状语从句；第三个定语从句中，nce引导条件状语从句。
English was invented by peple, nt cmputers, and it reflectseq \(○,\s\up1(21)) the creativityeq \(○,\s\up1(22)) f the human raceeq \(○,\s\up1(23)).[7]That is why when the stars are ut, they are visibleeq \(○,\s\up1(24))， but when the lights are ut, they are invisible.And that is why when I wind upeq \(○,\s\up1(25)) my watch，it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends.
[7]That is why ...为固定句型，意为“那就是……的原因”。此句型中why引导表语从句。
eq \a\vs4\al([读文清障])
①have truble (in) ding sth.做某事有困难
②ham n．火腿
③eggplant n．茄子
④pine n．松树
⑤pineapple n．菠萝
⑥sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑
sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
⑦seasick adj.晕船的
airsick adj.晕机的
carsick adj.晕车的
hmesick adj.想家的
⑧speaking f ...讲起……，说到……
⑨ppsite n．对立的人(或物)，对立面 adj.相反的；对面的
ppsing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的
ppse vt.反对，抵制
⑩harmless adj.无害的，不会导致损害的
harmful adj.有害的，导致损害的
⑪shameless adj.无耻的，没廉耻的
shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的
⑫behavir n．举止，行为
⑬cnfusing adj.令人困惑的
⑭capitalized adj.大写的
⑮wnder v．感到诧异，非常想知道
n．惊讶；奇迹
wnder at 对……感到诧异
(it's) n wnder that ...……不足为奇/并不奇怪
⑯unique adj.独一无二的，独特的
⑰madness n．疯狂；愚蠢行为
⑱burn up 烧毁，烧尽
burn dwn 烧毁
⑲fill in 填写(表格等)
fill ut 填写(表格等)
⑳alarm n．警报器；闹钟
eq \(○,\s\up1(21))reflect v．显示，反映
eq \(○,\s\up1(22))creativity n．创造性，创造力
eq \(○,\s\up1(23))human race 人类
eq \(○,\s\up1(24))visible adj.看得见的，可见的
invisible adj.看不见的
eq \(○,\s\up1(25))wind up 给(机械)上发条；使(活动、会议等)结束
[参考译文]
菠萝≠松树＋苹果
你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？我以前从未想过这个问题，直到有一天，我5岁的儿子问我 hamburger(汉堡包)里面有没有ham(火腿)。答案是没有。这让我意识到， eggplant(茄子)里面也没有egg(鸡蛋)，而 pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有 apple(苹果)。这让我陷入思考：对于学习者而言，英语到底可以有多疯狂呢？
例如，闲暇时我们可以雕一座雕像(sculpt a sculpture)、画一幅画(paint a painting)，但只能拍一张照片(take a pht)。旅行时，我们坐汽车或出租车时是说坐在里面(in)，坐火车或公共汽车时却要说坐在上面(n)！同样，我们会在海上晕船(seasick at sea)、在飞机里晕机(airsick in the air)、在车里晕车(carsick in a car)，但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”(hmesick，实际意义为“想家的”)。说到家，为什么hmewrk(家庭作业)和 husewrk(家务)(这两个英语单词看起来很像意思却)不是一回事呢？
如果说hard(硬)是sft(软)的反义词，为什么 hardly(几乎不)和 sftly(柔和地)却不是一对反义词？如果说 harmless actins(无害行为)和 harmful actins(有害行为)意思相反，为什么 shameless behavirs(无耻行为)和 shameful behavirs(可耻行为)反而是一回事？
当我们望向窗外，看到雨(rain)或雪(snw)时，我们可以说正在下雨(it's raining)或正在下雪(it's snwing)。可我们看见阳光(sunshine)的时候却不能说正在下阳光(it's sunshining)。
就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。如果你在医学报告中看到大写的WHO，你会把它读成Wh's that？中的wh吗？那么IT和US又该怎么读呢？
英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里，房子烧成灰烬的时候，可以说burn up(字面意思为“烧上去”)，也可以说 burn dwn(字面意思为“烧下去”)；填表的时候，你可以 fill in a frm(字面意思为“填入表里”)也可以 fill ut a frm(字面意思为“填到表外”); 而且只有闹钟走了(g ff字面意思为“离开”)以后你才能听到铃声！
英语是人创造的，不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。那就是为什么 stars are ut(星星出来)的时候我们能看到星星，而 lights are ut(灯灭)的时候我们却看不到灯光。那也是当我 wind up my watch(给手表上紧发条)以后表针开始走，而我 wind up this passage(将本文收尾)后这篇文章结束的原因。
Step One：Prereading
Discuss with yur partner abut the fllwing questins and answer the questins.
1．Which language is spken by the mst native speakers in the wrld?
Chinese.
2．Which language has the mst learners in the wrld?
English.
Step Tw：Whilereading
Ⅰ.Read fr the main idea
What's the main idea f the text?
A．Cmpund wrds. B．The charm f English.
C．Pine and apple. D．Differences f English.
答案：B
Ⅱ.Read fr details
Read the passage carefully and chse the best answers.
1．What is the structure f the passage?
2．Hw des the authr supprt his/her idea in the passage?
A．By listing numbers.
B．By making cmparisn.
C．By giving sme examples.
D．By using sme research results.
3．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．When we see rain, we can say “it's raining”．
B．When we see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical reprt, we can read it as the “wh” in “Wh's that？”
C．Harmless actins are the ppsite f harmful actins.
D．We can see the stars when they are ut.
4．What d the tw phrases “wind up” mean in the last sentence?
A．They bth mean “turn a handle”．
B．They bth mean “finish r stp ding sth.”．
C．The first means “turn a handle”，the secnd means “finish r stp ding sth.”．
D．The first means “finish r stp ding sth.”， the secnd means “turn a handle”．
答案：1～4 DCBC
Step Three：Pstreading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
D yu have any difficulty 1.learning (learn) English？Have yu ever wndered why there is n ham 2.in yur hamburger 3.and why yu can't find any egg in eggplant? Maybe this will get yu 4.thinking (think) hw crazy the language f English is.We like t paint a 5.painting (paint), and we are traveling in 6.the car but we take a pht and travel n the bus.When we see the rain, we say “it 7.is raining (rain)” but can't say “it is sunshining” when seeing sunshine.The wrds are really 8.cnfusing (cnfuse)．Such unique 9.madness (mad) can be seen almst everywhere because English reflects the 10.creativity (create) f the human race.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．the title f the chapter 这一章节的题目
2．a plateful f ham 一盘火腿
3．a unique genius 独特的天才
4．reflect the trend 反映这一趋势
5．be visible frm miles away 几英里外就能看得见
6．the alarm clck 闹钟
7．The graceful sculpture was sculpted by a famus sculptr.(sculpt)
8．Peple wh have the ppsing view were ppsed t the sudden change.(ppse)
9．His neighbrs are wrried abut his behavirs and they think Rui Yang smetimes behaves as if he is a little flish and dull in frnt f thers.(behave)
10．The by asked in cnfusin, saying that he was cnfused with the cnfusing questin.(cnfuse)
11．The gvernment shuld encurage creativity.Only in this way can creative peple create miracles.(create)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．cnfuse v．使困惑＋ing→cnfusing adj.令人困惑的
satisfying adj.令人满意的 surprising adj.令人惊讶的
shcking adj.令人震惊的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
2．sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑＋ture→sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
mixture n．混合物 signature n．签名
departure n．离开，出发 creature n．生物
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Speaking f (谈到) travelling, are yu ging anywhere exciting this year?
2．During a snwstrm, I just lk ut f (向外看) the windws at the wrld.
3．Can yu fill in (填写) sme f the details f yur career?
4．I've frgtten t wind up (给……上发条) my watch again.
5．Tw buildings n my blck burnt dwn (烧毁) in that big fire.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] Have yu ever asked yurself why peple ften have truble learning English?
[句式分析] have truble (in) ding sth.做某事有困难。
[佳句仿写] 有了你清晰的说明，我们毫不费力地找到了你的家。
We had n truble finding yur hme with yur clear instructins.
2．[教材原句] Neither is there pine nr apple in pineapple.
[句式分析] neither ...连接并列成分。
[佳句仿写] 土壤要正合适——既不太湿也不太干。
The grund must be just right — neither t wet nr t dry.
3．[教材原句] That is why when the stars are ut, they are visible, but when the lights are ut，they are invisible.
[句式分析] that is why ...那就是……的原因。
[佳句仿写] 我没有赶上第一班公共汽车。那就是今天我来迟的原因。
I didn't catch the first bus.That was why I came late tday.
1．behavir n．举止，行为
(教材P15) If harmless actins are the ppsite f harmful actins, why are shameless and shameful behavirs the same?
如果说harmless actins (无害行为)和harmful actins(有害行为)意思相反，为什么shameless behavirs (无耻行为)和shameful behavirs (可耻行为)反而是一回事？
(1)behave v． 表现
behave well/badly t/twards sb. 对某人表现良好/糟糕
behave neself 守规矩，表现得体
(2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的
badlybehaved adj. 表现差的
(经典佳句)Parents wrry abut the effect f music n their adlescent's behavir.
父母担心音乐对青春期孩子的行为有影响。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Everyne is angry because his rude behavir (behave)．
②Yu shuld behave yurself (yu) in a prper way in public.
[写美] 补全句子
③他告诉学生们听讲座时要举止得体，切勿聊天。
He tld his pupils t behave well and nt t chat while listening t a lecture.
2．cnfusing adj.令人困惑的
(教材P15) Even the smallest wrds can be cnfusing.
就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。
(1)cnfuse vt. 使迷惑，混淆
cnfuse ... 把……和……混淆
(2)cnfused adj. 困惑的
be cnfused abut sth. 对某事迷惑不解
(3)cnfusin n. 混乱，困惑
in cnfusin 困惑地，混乱地
(经典佳句)The instructins n the bx are very cnfusing.
盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I think it's a serius mistake t cnfuse wrk with/and life.
②They cnfused me by asking s many cnfusing questins.I was ttally cnfused, standing there in cnfusin, nt knwing what t d.(cnfuse)
补全句子
③我喜欢学习新单词，但是我对如何记忆单词感到困惑。
I lve learning new wrds, but I am cnfused abut hw t remember them well.
[写美] 翻译句子
④他困惑地看着我并没有回答这个问题。
He lked at me in cnfusin and did nt answer the questin.
[名师点津] ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征，意为“……的；令人……的”；ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态，常用来描述人，意为“感到……的”。另外，修饰face, lk, expressin, vice等时，常用 ed形式的形容词。
3．burn up 烧毁，烧尽；烧完；燃烧(能量)；火烧旺
(教材P15) Yu als have t wnder at the unique madness f a language in which a huse can burn up as it burns dwn ...
英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里，房子烧成灰烬的时候，可以说burn up(字面意思为“烧上去”)，也可以说 burn dwn(字面意思为“烧下去”)……
burn dwn 烧毁；火势减弱
burn t the grund 烧毁
burn ut 烧坏；燃尽；筋疲力尽，耗尽体力
(经典佳句)The plane circled the airprt t burn up excess fuel.
飞机在机场上空盘旋以耗掉多余的燃料。
[练透] 一词多义
①Usually the satellites burn up abut 100 km abve the earth.烧毁
②D yu knw hw much energy yu will burn up during the relay race？ 燃烧(能量)
③Mum put mre wd n the fire t make it burn up and the rm became warm gradually.火烧旺
词汇升级
④If yu ften burn the midnight il, yu'll be exhausted.
→If yu ften burn the midnight il, yu'll burn yurself ut.
[写美] 补全句子
⑤村庄里的许多木房子在这次大火中被烧毁了。
Many f the wden huses in the village were burnt t the grund in the big fire.
4．reflect v．显示，反映；反射(声音或者光)；思考
(教材P15) English was invented by peple, nt cmputers, and it reflects the creativity f the human race.
英语是人创造的，而不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。
(1)reflect sb./sth.(in sth.) (在……中)映出某人/某物的影像
reflect n/upn 认真思考；沉思
(2)reflectin n. 映像；反射
n/upn reflectin 经再三思考
(经典佳句)The statistics reflect a change in peple's spending habits.
这些统计数据显示出人们的消费习惯发生了变化。
[练透] 一词多义
①Des such an attitudinal change reflect real experiences in daily life？反映
②The manager demanded time t reflect n what t d.思考
③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)He was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water.反射
单句语法填空
④Usually a child's behavir is a reflectin (reflect) f his family envirnment.
词汇升级
⑤Befre I decide, I need time t think carefully abut the prblem.
→Befre I decide, I need time t reflect n/upn the prblem.
[写美] 补全句子
经再三考虑，我们决定改变计划。
⑥On/Upn reflectin, we decided t change ur plan.
[巧学助记] The light reflected frm the water int my eyes.White cluds were reflected in the lake.Sitting by the lake, I was reflecting n what my mm said.On reflectin，I decided t accept her suggestin.
光从水中反射入我的眼中，白云映照在湖中。坐在湖边，我在考虑妈妈的话。沉思后，我决定接受她的建议。
1．[句型公式] have truble (in) ding sth.做某事有困难/费力
(教材P14) Have yu ever asked yurself why peple ften have truble learning English?
你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？
句中have truble ding sth.意为“做某事有困难/费力”，且ding 前面省略了in。其中truble 为不可数名词，前面可用sme, any, n, little等词来修饰。
表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构：
(1)have truble/difficulty/prblems (in) ding sth.做某事有困难/麻烦
(2)have truble/difficulty/prblems with sth.在某方面有麻烦/困难
(经典佳句)I am having sme truble getting alng with my classmates at the mment.
目前，我和同学们相处有些麻烦。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Fr me，there is n difficulty finishing (finish) the task in tw days.
②Yu can't imagine the truble I have with my husewrk.
③He didn't tell me what truble he had wrking (wrk) ut the prblem.
[写美] 补全句子
④我与外国人交流有困难。
I have truble/difficulty/prblems (in) cmmunicating with freigners.
[名师点津] 有时将have truble ding sth.句式中的truble提前作先行词，此时定语从句中have后常为 ding形式。
2．[句型公式] neither ...连接并列成分
(教材P14) Neither is there pine nr apple in pineapple.
pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有apple (苹果)。
本句中neither ...意为“既不……也不……”，其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成分。
(1)neither ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数应和邻近的主语一致，遵循“就近原则”。
(2)neither放于句首时，句子部分倒装，即将系动词、助动词或情态动词提至主语前。
(3)表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nr引起的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nr＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Neither the students nr the teacher knws (knw) anything abut it.
②I have neither mney nr time fr the ball.
③He didn't remember it.Neither did I．
句型转换
④He neither likes nr has tried this kind f fd.
→Neither des he like nr has he tried this kind f fd.(倒装句)
[写美] 句式升级
⑤Tm wasn't be invited t the party yesterday and his parents weren't either.
→Neither Tm nr his parents were invited t the party yesterday.
3．[句型公式] That is why ...那就是……的原因
(教材P15) That is why when the stars are ut, they are visible, but when the lights are ut, they are invisible.
那就是为什么 stars are ut(星星出来)的时候我们能看到星星，而 lights are ut(灯灭)的时候我们却看不到灯光。
本句中That is why ...意为“那就是……的原因”；why引导表语从句，表示结果；That指代上文提到的事实。
其他相关句型：
(1)This/That is/was why ...这/那就是……的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)
(2)That/It is/was because ...那/这是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)
(3)The reasn why that ...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)
(经典佳句)It rained heavily.That was why they put ff the match.
雨下得很大。那就是他们推迟了比赛的原因。
[练透] 补全句子
①那就是鱼类更喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因——前者更温暖些。
That is why fish prefer shallw water t deep water because the frmer is warmer.
②也许是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
Maybe it's because we have seldm sat dwn and exchanged ur feelings and thughts.
③他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
The reasn why he wasn't admitted int a key university was that his grades were t lw.
[写美] 句型转换
Tm didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.
→④Tm was ill and that was why he didn't attend the meeting.
→⑤The reasn why Tm didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.
维度一 品句填词
1．There was a bk I wanted t buy, but nw I can't remember the title (标题)．
2．T make a sandwich yu put a slice f ham (火腿) between tw slices f bread.
3．The architectural structure f the Temple f Heaven is unique.
4．If there's any truble, sund the alarm by pulling the emergency crd.
5．As I read my mther's letter, I began t feel mre and mre hmesick (想家的)．
6．Pine (松树) trees are nt native t this part f the wrld.
7．The names f plitical parties are always capitalized (大写的), fr example, the Green Party.
8．There are few visible (看得见的) signs f the illness that kept her in hspital fr s lng.
维度二 词形转换
1．She is a dedicated teacher and is recgnized fr her enthusiasm and creativity (creative)．
2．The authr takes nvel reading as a way t get away frm a cnfusing (cnfuse) wrld.
3．His behavir (behave) under fire apprved him a man f curage.
4．At ur planning meeting we heard tw ppsing (ppse) pinins.
5．The museum has several lifesized sculptures (sculpt) f peple and animals.
6．Literature is the reflectin (reflect) f real life and the revelatin f the artistic pulse f perids.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．If we all agree, let's wind up (使结束) the discussin.
2．Speaking f (说起) the bicycle, sme peple think it is ut f date in many big cities.
3．He's a French，s he can neither speak nr (既不……也不……) write Chinese.
4．Please fill in/ut (填写) this frm, giving yur name, age and address.
5．He lst the game and that was why (那就是……的原因) he didn't cme t attend the celebratin party.
6．She lked ut f (向外看) the windw, sighing fr her lst yuth.
相关学案
外研版高考英语一轮复习必修第1册Unit2 Exploring English课时学案： 这是一份外研版高考英语一轮复习必修第1册Unit2 Exploring English课时学案，共23页。
高中英语Unit 2 Exploring English学案及答案： 这是一份高中英语Unit 2 Exploring English学案及答案，共6页。
高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 2 Exploring English学案： 这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 2 Exploring English学案，共2页。
