2020-2021学年Grammar导学案

这是一份2020-2021学年Grammar导学案，共12页。学案主要包含了知识点等内容，欢迎下载使用。

学习目标：
掌握本单元的重点语法-一般过去时
学会重点词汇和短语以及运用
Grammar 一般过去时
一、知识点
一) 定义：
表达了过去（说话前）发生的事情或者过去的性状特点。
1. 表达了过去的性状特点：
I was a student. (过去是个学生，但是现在不是了。)
They were n the desk. (过去它们在桌子上，但是现在不在了)
He was at hme. (他过去在家，但是现在不在了)
2. 表达了过去做了件什么事情：
I went t schl yesterday. (我昨天去学校了。)
He drve me t schl this mrning. (他今早载我去学校了)
二) 一般过去时的动词形式：
1. be动词的过去式：
2. 行为动词的过去式：
规则动词：
1. 一般情况下，在单词后加ed:如watched talked
2. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，去y变i加ed, 如studied
3. 以e结尾的，直接加d，
4. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写尾字母加ed，如stpped
不规则动词：
否定形式：wasn’t weren’t didn’t d
疑问形式： Was …. Were …. Did…d…
情态动词can表示能力时，过去式是culd
三) 标志词：
yesterday last ag this mrning
尤其要注意句子中有其他过去时的时候。
问句是过去时，答句也必须是过去时。
如：What did yu d yesterday? I did hmewrk.
语境：
1. and连接两个动词，其中一个是过去时，尤其要注意原形和过去时一样的词，如：
He ___________(buy) a vase and put it n the table.
2. 主过从过：引导词when, befre, after等
He ften ___________ (g) t the park near his hme when he was yung.
表示之前不知道，没注意，以为……，如：
(1)---Yu can’t smke here. There is a sign saying “N Smking” here.
---I’m srry, I didn’t ntice./I didn’t knw.
(2)---Lk! Hw beautifully Linda is dancing.
---I didn’t think she culd dance.
五) 例句分析：说出每句话为什么要用过去时：标志词，语境，主过从过
I saw ne yesterday.
One Sunday mrning, Millie and Amy went t Sunshine Park.
The tw girls were very afraid.
“What happened?” Andy asked.
I was afraid when I heard the whisper.
What did Millie and Amy hear? They heard a whisper.
巩固练习
1.---I'm s srry t keep yu waiting fr me fr a lng time.
---Never mind. I gt here nly _______.
【A】ten minutes later【B】ten minutes befre 【C】in ten minutes【D】ten minutes ag
2.What a pleasure t see yu here! When ________ yu _________ back?
【A】d; get【B】did; get【C】have; gt【D】will; get
3.Just a minute ag, the shp ______. But n ne knws why the dr _________.
【A】pened, is clse【B】was clsed, is pen【C】clsed, was pen 【D】was pen, clsed
4.--Excuse me! Yu can’t take phts here. Lk at the sign(指示牌). It says “NO PHOTOS”.
---Srry, I _________it．
【A】didn’t see 【B】am ging t see
【C】wn’t see 【D】dn’t：see
5.---Wh watered the flwers beside the windw?
---My mther _________.
【A】was 【B】is 【C】des 【D】did
6.My sister ______ the cat here and there but she culdn't _____ it.
A. lked fr; lk frB. searched; find
C. fund; search frD. searched fr: find
7.---Excuse me! Yu can’t park yur car here. Lk at the sign. It “N parking”.
---Srry, I see it.
A. says; didn’t B. writes; dn’tC. reads; didn’tD. speaks; wasn’t
8.–What did the engineer t yu?
---He tld me a new railway statin will be next mnth.
A. speak; used B. tell; in useC. talk; fr useD. say; in use
9.My deskmate put n a raincat and _________(run) ut f the classrm.
10.The guide ften _________(wake) us up at 6 ’clck during the trip last mnth.
11.---Is yur mther at hme nw?
---Srry, I dn’t knw, but she _________(talk) with my father at hme half an hur ag.
12.Mike ________(nt g) t bed until 12 ’clck last night. S he gets gets up late tday.
13.---Did there anybdy call me?
---There _______(nt be) a telephne call fr yu just nw.
14.Nick ________ (buy) a clck this mrning, but it desn’t wrk nw.
15.We _________ (enjy) urselves in the park last Sunday.
16.________ yur mther ften_______ (carry) yur schl bag fr yu last year? Yes, she did.
17.There _______ (be) sme chalk n the desk a mment ag.
18.Amy's grandma was sick and _______ (lie)in bed last night.
19.Taylr Swift ________(write)this piece f music n a rainy night f 2018.
20.At the age f six, Dad tld me the Earth ________(g)arund the Sun.
21. Bys, _______ (nt be) afraid f animals like dgs and wrms.
22. Wh _______(put)the little cat int a bx? When it miawed, it sunded like a ghst.
23.She _______ (nt d) any shpping later that day because she was tired.
24.--- Wh _______ (jg) with yu arund the river? ----My father did.
25.The student left the classrm withut ______(reply) t my questin.
26. I hpe nthing strange________ (happen) later. Then I can have a gd rest.
27.If yu dn’t stp ________(make) s much nise, I will call 110.
28.I hear that yur neighbr _______ (nt be) in the kitchen at that mment.
29.Last night, I saw him _______ (return) t the huse and clse the dr.
30.The by cut the cake int halves and _____ (give) his mther a half.
Integrated Skills &Study Skills
【知识点1】重点词汇
重点单词讲解：
1. 名词：chalk是不可数名词，其他都是可数名词。
2. little修饰不可数名词，表示几乎没有；few修饰可数名词，也是几乎没有；a little和a few表示有一些，a little加不可数名词，a few加可数名词；注意：little还可以表示小，a little by 一个小男孩。
表示否定含义的词：never, seldm, n, nthing, nne, nbdy, few, little
【例题】
例1. 池子里的水不多了。There _____ _________ water in the pl.
例2. 碗里还有一点儿米。There _____ ____ ________ rice in the bwl
例3. They fund a little cat in the bushes. 译:__________________________________
【巩固练习】
1. There is _____________ time left. Let’s g there t have a drink.
A. little B. a littleC. few D. a few
2. ---A man can knw which glass f water is different frm the thers. Isn’t that great?
---_______________. Few peple can d this.
A. Yes, it isB. N, it is C. Yes, it isn’tD. N, it isn’t
3. withut表示没有……，一般做状语，表示在没有某物或者没有做某事的情况下……
例句：1. Mst plants can’t grw withut sunshine. 大多属植物没有阳光就不能生长。
2. Fish sleep with their eyes pen. 鱼儿是睁着眼睛睡觉的。
【例题】
例1. Mike went t schl __________ __________ ___________. 迈克没有吃早餐就去上学了。
例2. 每天不喝牛奶我睡不着。________________________________________________
例3. Dn’t g t schl __________ breakfast. It’s a bad habit.
A. after B. with C. withut D. Befre
【巩固练习】
Lk at the girl hands. She can write her ft.
A. withut; byB. desn’t have; withC. with n; nD. withut; with
4. mre 再也不
书上的句子：现在我再也不害怕动物了。__________________________________________
mre = n lnger = n mre
【例题】
例1. 桑迪不再住在这里了。__________________________________________
例2. I can’t wait fr the bus any lnger. _________________________________
例3. 小宝宝喝过奶之后再也不哭了。_____________________________________________________
【巩固练习】
了解了这么多动物之后，你再也不用害怕他们了。
Yu dn’t __________________________________________________ s many animals.
5. the ther day ______________________
用于什么时态？
【例题】
They ____________(nt want) t travel arund the city the ther day.
6. hear f 听说
hear句型整理：1) 听说：hear f或者hear abut
2) 收到某人的来信hear frm sb. Hear frm my father 收到我爸爸的来信
3) 经常听到某人做某事或者听到某人做了某事的全过程hear sb. d
如：I ften hear her read English every mrning.
I heard him leave the ffice.
听到某人正在做某事 hear sb ding
如：I heard him crying when I walked past the classrm.
【例题】
例1. Did yu __________ the fire in a shpping centre last week?
A. hear B. hear f C. listen D. listen t
例2. I heard him ____________ at seven yesterday evening.
A. play the pian B. played the pian C. t play the pian D. playing the pian
【巩固练习】
1. ---Did yu the latest iPhne 7?
---Yes, my father bught this mrning.
A. hear abut; it B. hear f; neC. hear frm; neD. hear f; it
2. I hear that yur neighbr _______ (nt be) in the kitchen at that mment.
3. ---Did yu _________ a big fire in Suzy’s schl, Mary?
---N, I didn’t _________ her. Is she OK?
A. hear; hear B. hear abut; hearC. hear; hear frm D. hear abut; hear frm
4. My penfriend hpes t get my letter nce a mnth. (同义句改写)
My penfriend hpes t _________ _________ _________ nce a mnth.
【知识点2】Ants can smell things well. 蚂蚁的嗅觉很灵敏。
smell在这里是行为动词，表示闻，用well修饰smell这个行为动词，表示嗅觉灵敏。
如果smell表示闻起来，就是系动词，后面加形容词。比较下面两个句子：
Dgs can smell things well.
The sup smells gd.
【巩固练习】
1. ---Kate, the juice smells .
---Keep it away frm ants. They can smell things .
A. gd; gd B. gd; wellC. well; wellD. well; gd
2. I was nt feeling _________ this mrning and my mther tk me t hspital.
A. well B. gd C. bad D. badly
【知识点3】I knw mre abut animals nw. 我现在对动物了解更多了。
对……了解很多__________________________=_______________________________
对……几乎不了解_________________________ 对……了解一点点_____________________________
【知识点4】We need t keep ur huse clean. 我们需要保持我们的房子干净。
need的用法
需要某物______________________ 需要做某事______________________
没必要做某事______________________=__________________________
(2) keep的句型
保持某物……__________________________ 坚持做某事____________________________
【知识点5】He travelled arund ver 80 cuntries by bicycle. 他骑车环游了80多个国家。
环游世界________________________=_______________________________
环顾四周____________________________
(2) 超过_________________=_____________________
(3) 骑车去公园_______________________=___________________________=__________________________
【知识点6】He can write with ne hand and draw with the ther at the same time. 他可以用一只手写字并且同时用另一只手画画。
ne..., the ther... 一个……，另一个……
the ther表示两个中剩下的一个，anther表示另一个，泛指。
如：I have 2 pets. One is a cat, the ther is a dg.
I dn’t like the cat. Can yu shw me anther?
【例题】
例1. The __________ man can write with ne hand and draw with his _________ ther hand at the same time.
A. amazing; the B. amazing; / C. amazed; the D. amazed; /
例2. I dn’t like this cat, wuld yu please shw me ___________?
A. ther B. the ther C. the thers D. anther
【巩固练习】
为什么不在河的另一边搭一个帐篷？
Why nt _______________________________________________________?
set up anther tent n the ther side f the river

Task
【知识点1】重点词汇
重点单词讲解：
1. 上面两个名词都是可数名词，复数都是加es。
2. by用法总结：1) 乘坐 by bike； 2) 在……旁边 by the river；
3) 由，被 a picture by me； 4) 通过做某事 learn well by wrking hard
3. at least 至少 at mst 至多
4. ask fr 请求 ask sb fr help 向某人寻求帮助
【知识点2】Sandwich gt its name frm a man called Jhn. 三明治得名于一个叫约翰的人。
(1) 得名于：get ne’s name
(2) 一个叫……的人：a man called
【例题】
The by _______ (call) Tm is my cusin.
【知识点3】He didn’t want t stp fr meals. 他不想停下来吃饭。
stp fr sth 为……停下来=stp t d
【巩固练习】
1. If yu dn’t stp ________ (make) s much nise, I will call 110.
2. I went hme by bike ________ yesterday. then I met an ld friend, s we stpped ________ fr half an hur in the street.
A. as usual; chattingB. like befre; chatting C. as usual; t chatD. usually; t chat
【知识点4】TVs can be as large as 152 inches. 电视机可以大到152英寸。
和……一样，中间加形容词副词的原级，如：
(1) The building is as tall as that ne.
(2) He dances as well as yu.
句型转换
He lked fr sme useful things in the newspaper, but fund nthing.（同义句转换）
He ______ fr ______ _______ in the newspaper, but ______ _______ _______.
The by in a red T-shirt gt the first prize in the exam.（对划线部分提问）
________ _________ _________ the first prize in the exam?
He went t schl. He didn’t have breakfast.（同义句转换）
He went t schl _______ ________ breakfast.
4.I spent tw hurs ding my hmewrk yesterday. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ yu _____ ding yur hmewrk yesterday？
5.It tk them 2 years t build this bridge. (对划线部分提问)
______ _______ ______ it ______them t build this bridge?
6.They were n mre afraid when they knew the truth. (同义句转换)
They ________ afraid ________ __________ when they knew the truth.
7.He went t schl. He didn’t have breakfast. (同义句转换)
He went t schl ______ __________ breakfast.
8.The clur f my trusers are the same as yurs.(同义句转换)
My trusers are ________ ________ _________ ________ yurs.
9.He ges t schl by bus every mrning .(用this mrning改写)
He _______ ________ ________ t schl this mrning.
10.He did sme cleaning last weekend.(改为否定句)
He_______ _______ _______ cleaning last weekend.
句子翻译
地铁将在2020年之前投入使用吗？
_______________________________________________________________2020?
这只笼子里的熊猫比那只小三倍吗？
_________________________________________________________________that ne?
我相信他不会发生其它什么事情了。
I believe that ___________________________________________________________.
环卫工人们每天不得不捡起地上的垃圾来保持城市干净。
The sanitatin wrkers ________________________________________ the rubbish n the grund ____________________________________________.
向警察请求帮助后，老人再也不害怕了。
After ___________________________________, the ld man ___________________________.
几分钟前，所有市民全城搜寻一个叫Kate的女孩。
__________________________, all the citizens ___________________________.
7.这对双胞胎都喜欢开着窗睡觉。
The twins bth __________________________________.
8.在去学校的路上，Millie 碰到了她的英语老师。
______________________, Millie ___________________________.
9.现在大多数家庭至少拥有一台电视机。
Nw _________________________________ ne TV.
10.她转过身看着我，没说什么。
She ______________and lked at me __________________.
11.我们的教室和她们的教室一样大。
Our classrm is _______________________________.
12.他们很久以前生活在地球上。
They ____________________________________________________.
13.那天晚些时候，他在回家路上发生了一些不开心的事情。
On his ________________,________________________________________.
14他正在琢磨仔细搜查那里找那只小羊。
He is ____________________________________________________________.
15.他花了那么长时间环游八十多个国家？
Hw lng__________ it _______________________________________________?
16.他转身发现一只虚弱的狗在灌木丛中。
He __________________________________________________________________.
17.他昨天晚上为什么不开着广播做作业？
Why_______________________________________________________________ last night?
18.了解了这么多动物之后，你再也不用害怕他们了。
Yu dn’t __________________________________________________ s many animals.
19.感谢你告诉我两个月前他向你要了至少两盒粉笔。
Thanks_____________________________________________________________________.
不变
cst
cut
hit
hurt
let
put
read
set
shut
1
teach
catch
buy
bring
fight
think
taught
caught
bught
brught
fught
thught
2
begin
drink
ring
sing
swim
began
drank
rang
sang
swam
3
blw
draw
grw
knw
thrw
blew
drew
grew
knew
threw
4
drive
ride
rise
shine
write
drve
rde
rse
shne
wrte
5
feed
feel
keep
meet
sleep
fed
felt
kept
met
slept
6
say
pay
said
paid
7
break
speak
steal
brke
spke
stle
8
tell
sell
tld
sld
9
cme
tld
take
mistake
stand
understand
get
frget
came
became
tk
mistk
std
understd
gt
frgt
10
build
lend
spend
send
built
lent
spent
sent
名词：snake；camel；ant；chalk（粉笔）
代词：little
形容词：dry
介词：withut
短语：be afraid f； mre；hear f；the ther day；at the same time
名词：sandwich inch
介词：by
动词：use
短语：all ver the wrld at least ask fr