2021届全国卷新高考英语阅读与写作专题拓展提升（13）

2021全国卷新高考英语阅读与写作专题拓展提升（13） 经济重启反映的国家文化导读经济封锁与重启的背后也反应了人类的生活方式和国家民族的文化氛围，如若疫情已经处在可控阶段，及时重启经济十分必要。如若没有适当的安全规定而过快地重新开始公共生活，可能会导致感染病例和死亡人数再度激增。 双语阅读 The French sociologist Émile Durkheim coined the term “collective effervescence” for those occasions when humans were able to escape their humdrum day-to-day routines to dissolve their identities into a group. As we gather in crowds an “electricity” is released, we share emotions and are transported beyond ourselves.  法国社会学家艾米丽·杜克汉姆创造了 "集体狂欢 "这个词，用来形容那些人类能够摆脱平淡的日常工作，将自己的身份融入一个群体的场合。当我们成群结队时，一种 "电 "被释放出来，我们分享情感，超越自我。  More modern day sociologists have applied this same concept to the secular realm, finding examples of these transcendental unions in the collective emotions unleashed by football crowds and concerts, as well as religious ceremonies.  更多的现代社会学家将这一概念应用于世俗领域，在观看足球人群、听音乐会以及宗教仪式释放的集体情绪中找到了这些超脱自我群体的例子。1、主干：sociologists have applied sth to sth2、finding后面的内容可以直接单另翻译3、transcendental英 [ˌtrænsenˈdentl]  美 [ˌtrænsenˈdentl] adj. 先验的；卓越的，[数] 超越的；超自然的结合上文，这里的transcendental union可以理解为超越自我的群体 Coronavirus, however, has meant that the possibility for these moments has been curtailed. To prevent the spread of the disease, we have had to resist our natural human urge to gather in groups, to share food, drink and enjoy ourselves. 然而，新冠病毒意味着出现这种场合的可能性已经有所减少。为了防止这种疾病的传播，我们不得不抵制人类的天性，即群居，分享食物、饮料和享受人生。  Viruses spread by taking advantage of our natural human urge to be around others. Until coronavirus is suppressed or a vaccine appears there can, sadly, be no full return to normal — quite the reverse in several US states where there have been alarming spikes.  病毒的传播利用了我们人类渴望与他人相处的天性。遗憾的是，在新冠病毒被抑制或疫苗出现之前，情况可能无法完全恢复正常——美国几个州的情况正好相反，那里的确诊数量出现了惊人的激增。  But national cultures will evolve in response to the pandemic. Many recreational locations will disappear altogether as they cannot afford to survive the era of social distancing.  但是，为了应对疫情，国家文化也将发生演变。许多娱乐场所因为无法在保持社交距离的时代生存下来，将会完全消失。  本文节选自：Financial Times（金融时报）作者：The editorial board原文标题：What reopenings tell us about national culture  词汇积累    1.coin英 /kɔɪn/ 美 /kɔɪn/n.硬币，钱币；金属货币；（一枚）硬币；(coins) 塔罗牌中的一种花色v.铸造（货币）；杜撰，创造（新词，短语）    2.humdrum英 /ˈhʌmdrʌm/ 美 /ˈhʌmdrʌm/adj.单调的；无聊的n.单调；乏味vi.单调乏味地进行    3.gather英 /ˈɡæðər/ 美 /ˈɡæðər/n.聚集；衣褶；收获量vt. 聚集，推断，推测，认为、搜集vi.聚集；化脓；皱起    4.curtail英 /kɜːrˈteɪl/ 美 /kɜːrˈteɪl/vt. 减少，缩减，限制 、剥夺...特权    5.spike英 /spaɪk/ 美 /spaɪk/n. 〔数量或比率的〕激增、金属钉状物、钉鞋、细高跟vt. 在…里偷偷掺入〔烈酒或药物〕、〔把尖物〕刺进，扎入、阻止…在报纸上发表 〔言论〕、〔排球中在网上〕大力扣球  词组搭配    1.secular realm  世俗领域    2.human urge  人的天性/本性 写作句总结But national cultures will evolve in response to the pandemic. 结构：… will evolve in response to ….为了应对…，…将要发生演变例句：Education reform will evolve in response to the emergency.