英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature学案

Unit 6　Nurturing nature

Developing ideas

词汇知识·自主学习

Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词

1. economic development 　　　　　　经济发展

2. avoid disturbing questions    避免令人不安的问题

3. reduce carbon emissions     减少碳排放

4. an operator of the firm     公司的经营者

5. go to Beijing via airplane     乘飞机去北京

6. make use of the application    使用应用软件

7. a candidate for this post     这个职位的候选人

8. the advantage of advertisements   广告的优势

9. genuine thought of teenagers    青少年真实的想法

10. negotiate with opponents    与对手协商

11. a qualification test      资格考试

12. construction waste      建筑垃圾

Ⅱ. 根据意思完成短语

1. in favour of　　　　　　支持, 赞同

2. natural heritage site  自然遗产地

3. find out      弄清楚, 查明白

4. be made up of    由……组成

 5. in addition to    除了

6. go on to do     继续去做……

7. become aware of   知道, 意识到

8. call for      需要

9. be home to      是……的家园

10. take notes (of)    做笔记

11. be known as    作为……而著名

12. as well as     以及; 既……又……; 除……之外

13. ups and downs   荣辱; 起落

14. if necessary    如果必要的话

15. team up with     (与……)组队; (与……)协作

Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分

1. Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”,  but the “busiest job in the world”! 

本后来开玩笑说, 这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”, 而不是“最棒的”!

2. They also needed to prove why they were the best person to do the job. 

另外, 他们还需要证明为何自己是这份工作的最佳人选。

3. Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn’t really important.

不管这是一个真正的工作机会, 还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动, 其实都不重要。

阅读研析·合作学习

Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.

Task 2　文本微观剖析:  细节探究 

1. Choose the best answer.

(1)If you live on the Great Barrier Reef,  how can you report back your findings?

A. Via weekly blogs.

B. Via photos on the computer.

C. Via telephone.

D. Via an express company.

(2)How large is the Great Barrier Reef?

A. Larger than little Japan.

B. About the same as outer space.

C. About 25 million square meters.

D. Almost Japanese whole field.

(3)What did Ben mean by saying “not as the ’best’,  but the ’busiest job in the world’”?

A. He didn’t love the job actually.

B. He thought it is too busy a job.

C. He meant it is not a simple common job.

D. He wanted to advertise for one to replace him.

(4)What is the most important thing that we can do for the Great Barrier Reef?

A. To work and accommodate on the island.

B. To make people know the beauty there and protect it.

C. To advertise to employ more and more employees.

D. To give Ben more salary to make him adapt there.

答案: (1)A　(2)D　(3)C　(4)B

2.  Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.

　　The (1)importance (important) of protecting the reef is (2)increasingly (increasing) highlighted. The applicants who can spend 6 months (3)living (live) on the island are welcome now. (4)To get (get) the job,  you should send (5)your (you) video (6)showing (show) you are the proper person to get it. Remember,  you should be good (7)at writing blogs,  taking photos and writing (8)articles (article) to support defending.  

Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 

Which one is more important for us,  developing or ecological balance? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)

Actually,  developing and ecological balance are both important for us. But we can’t gain developing speed at the cost of losing ecological balance.  

要点精研·探究学习

1. disturb v.  打扰, 扰乱; 妨碍; 使不安

*It disturbed her to realize that she was alone. 

她意识到自己孤单一人, 心里感到很不安。

*I could see he was disturbed and considerably puzzled.

我看得出来, 他有些烦躁, 还相当困惑不安。

*Ella had a dream which was unpleasant and disturbing.

埃拉做了一个噩梦。

【词块积累】

(1)disturbing 　　　　　　adj. 令人不安的; 烦扰的

disturbed       adj. 扰乱的

(2)be disturbed about   因……而感到心神不安

be mentally disturbed   精神不安

(3)It’s disturbing that. . .   ……令人不安

Don’t disturb!     请勿打扰!

(1)语法填空。

①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) However,  I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing(disturb) reports of camps among tons of rubbish.

②He was disturbed(disturb) to hear of her illness.

(2)I’m sorry to disturb you,  but can I talk to you for a moment?   

对不起, 打扰你一下, 我能跟你谈一会儿吗?

(3)It is very disturbing that we haven’t heard from him.  

我们没有听到他的消息, 深感不安。

*Out of the thousands of applicants,  eleven were selected,  including a young woman from China.

在数以千计的申请者中, 有11人被选中, 包括来自中国的一位年轻女士。

*As the wage of the job was low,  there were few applicants for it. 因为工资低, 很少有人申请这份工作。

*She graduated with high enough marks to apply for university. 她的毕业成绩足以申请上大学。

*(2020·江苏高考)For many British people,  that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country’s past—age-old castles,  splendid homes. . . and red phone boxes. 

对许多英国人来说, 这可以适用于代表他们国家过去历史的机构和物品——古老的城堡、辉煌的住宅……还有红色的电话亭。

【词块积累】

 (1)apply. . . to. . . 　　　　　把……应用于……; 将……涂/贴在……上

apply to      适用于……

apply (to sb. ) for     (向某人) 申请……

apply oneself/one’s mind to 专心于……

(2)applied      adj. 应用的, 实用的

application      n. 应用, 适用; 申请(书)

(1)语法填空。

①(2019·天津高考)However,  technology is also the application (apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem,  touching lives in countless ways.

②Many applicants (apply) apply for the post when seeing the advertisement.

③He decided to apply to the manager for a job the next day.

(2)You will pass your exams only if you really apply yourself to your study.  

你只有专心学习, 考试才能及格。

3. in favour of 同意; 支持, 赞同

*(2020·天津高考) Asking a favour of the President of the United States was no casual matter,  especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.  请求美国总统的帮助不是一件小事, 尤其是对一个17岁的女孩。

*Why I am not in favour of it can easily be answered.

我不支持它的原因能容易地回答。

*Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone,  will you?

劳驾,  我在打电话,  把收音机的声音调小点好吗?

【词块积累】

(1)favour 　　　　 n. 喜爱; 恩惠, 帮忙; 优惠

vt. 喜爱; 偏袒(=favor)

(2)ask sb. a favour  请某人帮忙

do sb. a favour   帮某人一个忙

owe sb. a favour  欠某人人情

(3)in one’s favour  有利于某人

(1)语法填空。

①I owed (owe) him a favour, so I couldn’t say no.  

②I am writing to ask if you can do me a favour.

(2)Most of them were in favo(u)r of my opinion while David was against it.  

他们大部分人赞成我的观点, 而戴维反对。

(3)I wonder whether you would mind doing me a favour.  

不知你能不能帮我一个忙。

4. preference n.  优先(权)

*(2020•全国Ⅱ卷) While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually,  for those used to working with traditional tools like email,  it may feel like a learning curve.

而年轻人更喜欢视觉交流, 对于那些习惯于使用传统工具如电子邮件的人来说, 这可能像是一条学习曲线。

*I have a preference for serious novels to popular fiction.

我喜欢读严肃小说胜于通俗小说。

*He preferred to stay at home rather than go with us.

他宁愿待在家里也不愿和我们一起去。

*He preferred walking to cycling.

他愿意步行, 不愿骑自行车。

【词块积累】

 (1)have a preference for 　　　偏爱

(2)prefer        v. 更喜欢

prefer sth. to sth.      喜欢……而不喜欢……

prefer to do sth.      更喜欢做……

prefer doing sth. to doing sth.  宁愿做……而不愿做……

(1)prefer本身表示“更喜欢”, 不能与比较级连用。

(2)prefer. . . to. . . 中的to为介词, 后面跟名词、代词或动名词。

语法填空。

(1)She has a particular preference for Chinese art.

(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I prefer to go(go) out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?  

(3)Most children prefer playing (play)to working,  but Jim is an exception.

(4)(2018·江苏高考)Unlike fast-food places,  fine dining shops prefer customers to stay(stay) longer and spend.  

5. Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”,  but the “busiest job in the world”!  本后来开玩笑说, 这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”, 而不是“最棒的”。

【句式解构】

*该句是一个主从复合句。that引导的宾语从句中not. . . but. . .  是并列结构, 意为“不是……而是……”。

*Not the passengers but the driver was to blame.  It was the driver’s fault.  该受谴责的不是乘客, 而是司机。这是司机的错。

not. . . but. . . 意为“不是……而是……”, 用于连接两个结构相似、语法功能相同的句子成分, 表示一种转折关系, 否定but前面的内容, 肯定but后面的内容。not. . . but. . . 连接两个并列主语时, 谓语动词的数与最近的主语保持一致。

遵循“就近一致原则”的其他并列连词:

either. . . or. . . 不是……就是……

not only. . . but also. . . 不仅……而且……

语法填空。

(1)Not he but I am (be) to blame for the broken cup.

(2)He is not for my plan but against it.

(3)Neither my wife nor I myself was (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind yesterday.

(4)Either you or one of your students is(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

【要点拾遗】

1. advertise v. (为……)做广告 (宣传); 征聘, 公布

*With the 5G era coming,  it’s more convenient to advertise our product on the Internet. 随着5G时代的到来, 在互联网上为我们的产品做广告会更方便。

*Hi,  dear,  do you know the news that his firm is advertising for a driver?  嗨, 亲爱的, 你知道他的公司正在广告招聘一名司机吗?

*However,  just a small quantity of people replies to our advertisement. 然而, 只有一小部分人回复了我们的广告。

【词块积累】

advertise for. . .   为……做广告

advertisement n. 广告(若指做广告的行为, 是不可数名词; 若指推销或征求货物服务等的“广告”, 是可数名词, 可缩略为ad. 或者advert. )

语法填空。

(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one advertised (advertise) as lost in the local paper.

(2)The purpose of the last part of the text is not to advertise (advertise) coming events.  

(3)I think we can put up advertisements(advertise) on campus,  or spread the message via WeChat,  or simply talk to those who do show interest.

2. highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性

*It was actually a very clever means to highlight the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.

这其实是一种绝妙的手段, 既突出了大堡礁的重要性, 又强调了大堡礁需要人类保护。

*Westerners often laud their children as “talented” or “gifted, ” she says,  while Asian parents highlight the importance of hard work.  她说, 西方人总是夸孩子“天才”或者“有天赋”, 而亚洲父母强调努力学习的重要性。

【词块积累】

stress the importance of　　　 强调……的重要性

attach great importance to   认为……有重要意义;  高度重视

完成句子。

(1)It must be stressed that we should attach great importance to environmental protection.   

必须着重指出的是, 我们应该高度重视环保。

(2)Confucianism and Taoism both stress the importance of compassion.   

儒家和道家都强调同情的重要性。

(3)Such statistics have led many researchers to highlight the importance of improving the early-childhood environments of poor children.   

这样的统计资料使得很多研究者重视改善贫困儿童幼年生活环境。

(4)Some stress the importance of very young children spending time with their mothers.   

有些(研究)强调幼儿和妈妈相处的重要性。

3. be host to 是……的栖息地

*I saw your advertisement in this morning newspaper for the air hostess.  And I’d like this job.   

我在今天的早报上看到了你们招聘空中小姐的广告。并且我想申请这一工作。

*The college is playing host to a group of visiting Russian scientists.  学院正在接待一批来访的俄罗斯科学家。

*My host family is taking me to an Indian film festival next weekend. 我的寄宿家庭下个周末要带我去参加印度电影节。

【词块积累】

(1)play host to 　  接待; 举办

(2)host family   寄宿家庭

(3)host     vt.  主持; 当主人招待; n. 主人; 主持人

hostess     n. 女主人; 女房东

hospitality    n.  好客; 殷勤

【知识延伸】

be home to是……的栖息地; 是……所在地

A guest should suit the convenience of the host. 

客随主便。

(1)语法填空。

①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)The host or hostess(host) of the party will,  however,  probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. 

②Two countries,  rather than one,  will play host to the tournament.

(2)My host family,  like other Americans,  were so humorous that they often made fun of themselves.  

我住的那家人像其他美国人一样, 幽默风趣, 常拿自己开玩笑。

4. be/become aware of 对……知道、明白; 意识到……

*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) It was Mr Liu who made me aware of the importance of learning English well.

是刘老师使我意识到学好英语的重要性。

*Recently,  an increasing number of people have become aware of the need to change their eating habits.

近来, 越来越多的人认识到需要改变自己的饮食习惯。

*You must be aware that personal feelings may colour judgment.

你该知道个人感情可能会影响判断的正确性。

*The booklet helped raise public awareness of the product.

这本小册子有助于提高该产品的知名度。

【词块积累】

(1)make sb. aware of/that　　 使某人注意到

be aware that. . .      意识到……; 体会到……

(2)awareness       n. 意识; 认识

raise one’s awareness of. . .   提高某人的……意识

(1)语法填空。

①When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them.

②I was a millionaire, but was aware that there were a lot of hungry people in the world.

③It is important that students develop an awareness (aware) of valuing parents’ love.

(2)People quickly become aware of who makes an effort to be there and who uses any excuse to miss a day.  

人们很快就会明白, 谁在努力工作, 谁在寻找理由混日子。

【句式解构】

句中whether. . . or. . . 引导的是让步状语从句, 意为“不管……还是……”。

*I will go, whether you go with me or stay at home.

不管你是和我一起去还是待在家里, 我都要去。

*Even then he cannot decide whether he or the stars are moving. 甚至在那时, 他仍然无法判断究竟是他还是恒星在运动。

whether. . . or(not) 还可以引导名词性从句, 意为“是否, 是不是”。

完成句子。

(1)He doesn’t know whether to stay or leave.  

他不知道是走还是留。

(2)Whether he will come or not makes no difference.  

他是否会来没什么关系。

(3)He looked over secretly to see whether John was interested or amazed.  

他悄悄地转过眼来, 看看约翰是否感兴趣, 是否吃惊。

读写结合·表达升级

描述职业招聘要求

Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

1. Skim the job advertisement and you will find that a job advertisement usually includes the following important information—job description;  requirements;  rewards,  etc.  

2. The second part is about three people’s work experience.  

Task 2　文本微观剖析: 特色表达 

A job advertisement

　　校学生会正在为我们的校园之声招聘一名英语播音员。

　　1. 工作职责: 选择合适的英语文章, 每周两次进行广播。

　　2. 条件: 首先, 要求申请者具有良好的英语口语。此外, 申请者要熟练使用电脑, 愿意为老师和学生服务。

注意: 1. 词数80左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

完成句子

1. 我们的校园之声急需一名英语播音员。

An English announcer is badly needed for our Voice of Campus.  

2. 广播员的职责主要包括两方面。

The main responsibilities of the announcer include two parts.  

3. 一是挑选适合学生的文章, 二是根据安排利用课余时间每周两次进行广播。

One is to select suitable articles for students,  and the other is to broadcast twice a week in spare time according to the arrangement.  

4. 申请者英语口语要好。

The applicants should have a good command of spoken English.  

5. 申请者必须对电脑熟练, 还要乐于服务师生。

The applicants should be skillful at the computer and willing to serve teachers and students.  

句式升级

6. 用被动语态改写第4句。

The applicants are expected to have a good command of spoken English.  

7. 用not only. . . but also. . . 结构改写第5句。

The applicants should be not only skillful at the computer,  but also willing to serve teachers and students.  

　　Voice of Campus,  Our School Radio Station,  Needs You!

　　An English announcer is badly needed for our Voice of Campus.  The main responsibilities of the announcer include two parts.  One is to select suitable articles for students,  and the other is to broadcast twice a week in spare time according to the arrangement.

　　The applicants need to meet the following requirements:  Firstly,  the applicants are expected to be good at spoken English.  Secondly,  the applicants should be not only skillful at the computer,  but also willing to serve teachers and students.

　　All applications welcome,  but preference will be given to those with broadcasting experience.  If you are interested,  please get in touch with the Student Union before next Friday. 

【话题拓展】

1. 话题特点

　　招聘广告的写作属于应用文,  写作时往往使用被动语态和第三人称使文章显得客观、公平。招聘广告是用人单位在人员短缺的情况下所发出来的用人通知。它往往包括公司或者部门的简单介绍, 以及所需人才的学历、才能、职责范围。通常还有招聘单位的地址、电话等信息。

　　考生要多掌握表示技能、技巧的短语和句子, 写作过程中显示出语言的多样性,  避免过分单调。

2. 话题词汇

(1)applicant 　　　　　　　　　　　 n. 应聘者

(2)apply for/apply to do      申请、应聘

(3)ability         n. 能力

(4)qualification        n. 资历(条件)

(5)meet the following requirements   满足以下要求

(6)work as . . .        工作是……

(7)be in good health       身体健康

(8)be good at/have a good command of  擅长/精通

(9)communicate with      与……交流

(10)warm-hearted and patient    热心、耐心

(11)teamwork spirit       团队精神

3. 话题句式

(1)We are now looking for a(n). . . .  我们正在寻找一位……。

(2). . .  is badly needed.  ……被急切需求。

(3)The responsibilities of the applicants are. . . .

申请者的职责是……。

(4)The applicants are supposed to/ are expected to /are required to. . . 申请者应该……。

(5)The applicant who has the following qualities will have the priorities.

具备以下条件的申请者会有优先权。

(6)All applications welcome,  but preference will be given to those with. . . qualifications. 

欢迎所有人申请, 但有……资格的人优先考虑。

(7)Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.  薪酬面议。

(8)If you are interested,  please call Li Hua at 138xxx for an interview before. . .

如果你感兴趣, 请在……前致电李华, 电话: 138xxx。