人教版初中英语八年级上册 Unit 4 知识点

Unit 4
一、形容词的比较级和最高级
项目
内容
例子
形容词、副词的最高级的构成
一般情况下，单音节和部分双音节形容词、副词，
在原级后加-est构成最高级
tall→tallest; small→smallest;
fast→fastest; long→longest
以字母e结尾的，直接加-st构成最高级
nice→nicest；cute→cutest；late→latest
以“辅音字母十y结尾的双音节形容词、副词，
变y为i，再加-est构成最高级
easy→easiest；early→earliest
重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-est构成最高级
big→biggest；hot → hottest
thin→thinnest；fat→fattest
多音节和部分双音节形容词、副词，在原级前加most构成最高级
careful→most careful；
quickly→most quickly
不规则变化
good/well→best；old → oldest/eldest
bad/ill/badly→worst；little→least
many /much → most；
far→ farthest /furthest
最高
级的用法
形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或
三者以上的人或事(物)之间的比较，意为“最”
Tom is the most careful. 汤姆是最认真的.
Li Ming runs fastest.李明跑得最快。
最高级的常用句型
“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of短语”，意为“. . . . . . 是. . . . . . 中最. . . . . . 的。”
Tom is the tallest in his class /of all the students. 汤姆是他班上/所有学生当中是高的。
“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语, 意为“. . . 是. . . 中最. . . 的. . . 之一。
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。
“疑问词+be+the+形容词最高级，A，B or C?”用于三者或三者以上的比较
Which country is the largest, China, Brazil or Canada? 哪一个国家最大，中国、巴西还是加拿大?
【真题链接】
（ ）29.English is one of____ important subjects in our school.
A. most B. the most C. more D. much more
( ) 23. -The clothes in your clothes store are pretty .
-Thank you. I am sure they are in our town.
A. cheap, cheaper B. cheaper, the cheapest
C. cheap, the cheapest D. cheapest, cheaper
27. Of all the boys, David's home is _____to school, so he always goes to school on foot.
A. close B. closer C. closest D. the closest
29. Of all the boys, Mary does her homework .
A. more careful B. the most careful
C. more carefully D. most carefully
单词拼写
71. In which month is there the l (少）rain in our city?
21. Hainan is a very large island. It is the second ________island in china.
A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest
（ ）27.— He is the only one who failed in the English exam
— Really? You mean he studies ___
A. the least carefully
B. the less careful
C. the most carefully
D. the most carefully
( ) 30. --What a nice watch it is! --Yes. It’s _________ one of all.
A. expensive B. more expensive
C. the most expensive D. much more expensive
92. 109. 9FM plays the (bad) music. The songs are always boring
单词拼写
94. The Yellow River is the second l____ river in China.

形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较,其后常接“of/in/among...”来表示比较的范围。形容词的最高级前通常要加冠词the,但副词的最高级前可省略the。
l “one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。
l “the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词+in/of/among...”表示“是……中第几……”。例如:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
l “Which/Who+谓语+形容词或副词的最高级,A、B or C?”表示“在A、B和C中,哪一个最……?”。
l 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:
Mike is the most clever in his class.=Mike is more clever than any other student in his class.迈克是他们班上最聪明的学生。
l “否定词+so...as”结构也可以表示最高级含义。例如:
Nothing is so easy as this.=This is the easiest thing.没什么事比这更容易的了。

Ⅰ.写出以下形容词的比较级和最高级
1.nice 　nicer　　　nicest　 
2.fat 　fatter　　　fattest　 
3.slow 　slower　　　slowest　 
4.dry 　drier　　　driest　 
5.exciting 　more exciting　　　most exciting　 
Ⅱ.单项填空
( )1.—I got a 78 in the English exam. What about you?
—I did　　　　than you. I only got a 61. 
A. well B. better C. badly D. worse
( )2.( 广西北部湾中考 ) Tony always works hard. Of all the students, he did　　　　 in this exam. 
A. good B. well C. better D. best
( )3.Water is the cheapest drink. And it is also　　　　. 
A. the healthiest B. healthiest C. the healthier D. healthier
( )4.Which is　　　　,the sun, the earth or the moon? 
A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. much big
( )5.( 天津中考 ) Tianjin is one of　　　　 cities in China. 
A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. the bigger
Ⅲ.根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空
1.He is　 　( tall ) than any other boy in our class. 
2.This menu has 　 　( many ) dishes of the four menus. 
3.Who got a 　( good ) grade in math last term, Ann or Susan? 
4.Lingling got the 　 　( two ) biggest apple in the game. 



1. comfortable seats
【知识点讲解】
comfortable形容词，意为“使人舒服的；舒适的”，其反义词形式为uncomfortable，其副词形式为comfortably，其比较级和最高级分别为more comfortable，most comfortable.
例：
This is a comfortable chair.
I felt very comfortable when I sat comfortably in that chair.
【真题链接】
67. Are you sitting __________（舒适地）? Why not sit on the sofa?
26. The hotel is very popular. The main reason is that the rooms are clean and the beds feel ____.
A. terrible B. terribly C. comfortable D. comfortably

2. How do you like it so far?
What do you think of 970AM?
【知识点讲解】
How do you like. . . ? 与What do you think of. . . ? 同义，意为“认为. . . . 怎么样？”。该句型用来询问对方对某物或某人的印象、评价、看法等，其答语往往是阐明自己的看法或表明自己喜欢的程度。
例：
-How do you like this party? (=What do you think of this party? ）
-Wonderful. 很
【真题链接】
30. What do you think of the house, dear?
－__________. I can't find a better one.
A. Too bad B. Too expensive C. Pretty good D. Good idea
1.How do you like the TV play(改为同义句)
__________ __________you __________ __________the TV play？

3. Thanks for telling me.
【知识点讲解】
thanks for意为 “因. . . . . . . . . 而感谢”，是向对方表示感谢的句型，后面接名词、代词或动名词，也可说成Thank you for. . . . .
例：
Thanks a lot for your help.
Thank you for telling me the news.
小贴士
Thanks for. . . 的答语常用You’re welcome. / No problem. / That’s all right. / Not at all. / My pleasure .
【真题链接】
4.Thank you for _____(help) me with my English。

4. No problem.
【知识点讲解】
No problem. 在此处用来回答感谢(主要用于美式英语中)，意为 “不用谢；别客气；没什么”，相当于You’re welcome，或Not at all.
例：-Thank you very much.
-No problem. 别客气。
No problem还意为 “没问题”，表示乐于相助或事情容易做。
例：-Could you post the letter for me?
-No problem.
【真题链接】
30.---Thank you so much!
--_________.I'm really happy to help you.
A. No problem B. I don't mind C. All right D. Of course

5.I think 970 AM is pretty bad.
pretty在此处为副词，意为 “相当；十分；很”。
例：It’s not pretty hot this summer.
【真题链接】
( )40.—The documentary A Bite of China Ⅱ(《舌尖上的中国Ⅱ》) is quite popular around China recently. How do you like it? —　　　　. 
A.I think so B. Pretty good C. It’s my pleasure D. All right

6. choose
【知识点讲解】
Why don’t you choose the red tie?
choose（过去式chose）用作及物动词，常见以下短语：
①choose ... from ...
You can choose the better ones from those gifts.
②choose... as...
We chose Mike as our team leader.
【真题链接】
( ) 26.-why did you me for the job?
-Because you are more excellent.
A. reach B. choose C. share D. dream
32. All books are wonderful. It’s difficult for me to ______ my favorite one _____ them.
A. bring; to B. choose; from C. share; with D. ask; for

7. most creative
creative是形容词，意为 “有创造力的；创造性的”。其比较级和最高级分别为more creative，most creative.
例：He has created a new painting which is really creative.
【真题链接】
24. Tony is really a boy.
--Yes. He always has many new and good ideas.
A. serious B. lovely C. friendly D. creative
单词拼写
74.Discussing homework with teachers on WeChat is a c (有创意的）idea.

8. All these shows have one thing in common：They try to look for the best singers，the talented dancers，the most exciting magicians，the funniest actors and so on.
【知识点讲解】
have. . . in common意为 “有相同特征；(想法、兴趣等方面)相同”
例：Tim and I have nothing in common.
common作形容词时，意为 “普遍的；常见的；共同的”。
例：We have common hobbies.
【真题链接】

( ) 24.——Look, Bob! Lots of women are dancing to the music there.
——Don’t be surprised. That’s ______.
A.simple B. similar C. creative D. common

9. When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner.
【知识点讲解】
role n. 作用，职能，角色
（1）play a role in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色，in是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。role前可加形容词，如important、necessary、great、leading等。
We can invite Li Ming to play a role in the play.
【真题链接】
75. In fact, parents also play an important r (角色）in teaching children.
( )28. She didn’t _____ in the movie____ serious illness..
A. take place; because B. dress up; with
C. play a role; because of D. act; for
( ) 41. He plays an important____ in the movie.
A. rule
B. role
C. rude
D. rush
(78)Jack is one of the most important r______(角色) in the TV play.

10. That’s up to you to decide.
• be up to sb. 意为 “是某人的职责；由某人决定”
• 常用于It’s up to sb. to do sth. 句型中。
例：Whether we will go to the park is up to your brother.
【真题链接】
（）35-------Shall we go to the amusement park right away or the day after tomorrow?
----------__________Any time will go.
A.Excuse me B.Have a good time C. It is up to you D.I am afraid I can not
35. —Would you like to see the movie today or tomorrow?
— . It's all the same to me.
A. I'd love to B. That's a deal
C. it's up to you D. You are welcome

12. make up
make up意为＂编造（故事、谎言等）＂，此处 be made up是被动语态，意为＂被编造＂。
The story is made up.
【真题链接】
（ ）34. The teacher asked the students to_____a story about a trip to the moon.
A.get up B.turn up C.clean up D make up
( ) 34. Don’t ______ an excuse. Tell me the truth.
A.take up B. look up C. make up D. pick up

13. And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true.
come true意为“实现；成为现实”
例：I’m afraid his dream won’t come true easily.
【注意】
come true是不及物动词短语，后面不能接宾语，且无被动形式。

他的梦想终于实现了。
His dream finally came true. （正）
His dream was finally come true. （误）
【真题链接】
( ) 40.—Do you have dreams?—Yes, but I don’t know the way to make them____.
A. to come true
B. come down
C. come true
D. coming out

14. I always finish my breakfast (the) fastest on Saturdays. . .
finish在此处作及物动词，意为 “结束；完成”，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
例：I finished reading the book yesterday.
【真题链接】
22. Why not ________ your teacher for help when you can't finish_______ it by yourself.
A. ask; write B. to ask, writing C. ask: writing D. asking to write




I. 单项选择。
1. Which country is ________ in the world?
　　A. small　　 B. smaller　　 C. smallest　　 D. the smallest
2. Of all the students, Li Ming is ________ to Mr. Wang.
　　A. close　　　B. closer 　　C. the closest 　 D. the most closest
3. Qinhuangdao is ________ the north of China, and Shanghai is _____ the south of Qinhuangdao.
　　A. in; to 　　　B. to; to 　　　C. to; in　　　 D. in; in
4. Kate often goes to work ________ breakfast. It’s bad for her health.
　　A. with　　　　B. without　　　 C. on 　　　 D. not have
5. Jim is funnier than ________ in his class.
A. any other boy　　　B. any boy　　　C. any other boys 　　D. all the boys
6. This book is ________ for students to read.
A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy enough D. enough easily
7. Yangtze River is the third ________ in the world.
A. long river B. longer river C. longest rivers D. longest river
8. — What do you ________ the clothes in that store?
— I think they’re all ________ good quality.
A. think of; in B. like; in C. think of; with D. like; with
9. Xin Hua Cinema has ________ seats.
A. the most comfortable B. the most comfortablest
C. the comfortablest D. comfortablest
10. They were talking ________ there and Susan was not happy.
A. loud B. loudly C. aloud D. aloudly
11. Come on, _______ you will be late for school.
A. and  B. but C. or D. so
12. They have got only one pencil. They need ________ pencils.
A. more six B. six more C. six another D. other six
13. It’s seven o’clock in the evening, but they are ________ having a meeting.
A. already B. still C. yet D. ever
14.There is no difference between the two words. I really don't know________.
A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what
15. Failure is the mother of ________.
A. successful B. successfully C. success D. succeeds
[真题链接]
1. Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the_____ one to save some money for a cap.
A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive
2. —My teachers often encourage me ________ more friends but I find it difficult.
—Your teachers’ idea is right. The more friends you make, ________ you will be.
A. to make; the more happy B. to make; happier
C. making; the happier D. to make; the happier
3.－Of the three TV programs, which one do you think is ________?
－I think A Bite of China is.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting
II. 完形填空。
　My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five years. 　1　 I came back, my Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself. Then, one day last spring, I got a good opportunity(机会). Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 　2　to do. My father brought me a Japanese book. “Why don’t you translate(翻译)it into Chinese? It will be better than 　3　computer games all day.” I promised (许诺) to do 2000 words each day. But 　4　 I found it was hard to keep the promise. One day in May, the weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2000 words were still 　5　 me. After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book. I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. How I 　6　 I could just go outside and play football with my friends! I counted the words again and again. I just wanted to give up. I felt as if two people were fighting 　7　my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard and you’ll do well!”But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be more 　8　 than translating. Do your work tomorrow. I stood up and would 　9　 the computer. But then I remembered 　10　 my parents had told me: “Whatever you do, don’t stop halfway. ” So I sat down and went on with it.
　　1. A. Because　　　 B. Until　　　　 　 C. Since　　　　 D. When
　　2. A. nothing　　　　 B. something　　 C. everything　　 D. anything
　　3. A. be played　　　 B. playing　　　　 C. played 　　　　D. plays
　　4. A. just then　　　 B. right now　　　 C. soon 　　　　　D. suddenly
　　5. A. talking to 　　 B. looking at 　　 C. smiling at 　　 D. waiting for
　　6. A. thought 　　　 B. felt　　　　　 C. wished　　　　 D. decided
　　7. A. in 　　　　　　 B. with 　　　　　 C. about　　　　 D. for
　　8. A. fun 　　　　　 B. important 　　 C. useful 　　　　D. dangerous
　　9. A. turn on 　　　 B. turn off　　　 C. open 　　　　 D. close
　　10. A. how 　　　　　B. where　　　　　 C. which 　　　　D. what
III. 阅读理解。
A
The coldest and most difficult place in the world in which to live is Antarctica. Antarctica is the land of snow and ice near the South Pole. Most people do not think there is much life in the icy waters around it. They are wrong.
Antarctica’s seas are full of life. There are many kinds of fishes, water birds, seals and whales. They eat the thick plant life in the sea and the smaller water animals. Some whales, for example, eat more than a ton of food every day.
The most famous animal of Antarctica is the penguin. It struts around the icy as if it were a movie star walking down the street.
1. The best title is ____________.
A. Thick Plant Life
B. Life Around Antarctica
C. Tons of Food
D. Penguins
2. The most famous animal of Antarctica is the ____________.
A. whale B. seal
C. penguin D. fox
3. Antarctica has ____________.
A. much ice B. warm weather
C. flocks of geese D. warm water
4. Around Antarctica there ____________.
A. are many people B. is little plant life
C. are many animals D. is little snow
5. The word “struts” in the last paragraph means ____________.
A. swims gracefully B. walks proudly
C. runs swiftly D. jumps happily
B
Hundreds of years ago, a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots, a brave people, loved their country very much. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland, but there were too many of the Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night, the leader of Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill. “We will rest here tonight, my men,” he said, “Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win or we will die.”
They were all very tired, so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on duty, but they too, were very tired, and one by one, also fell asleep.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they climbed up the hillside, taking care not to make a sound. Closer and closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. A few minutes more, the war would be over. Suddenly, one of them put his foot on a thistle (蓟). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a moment, they were on their feet and ready for battle. The fighting was hard but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved their country.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people like it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
6. Hundreds of years ago there was a war between .
A. Roman army and North England
B. Roman army and the Scots
C. England and Scots
D. A brave people and the Scots
7. At first it looked as if the Romans would win because .
A. the Scots were not brave
B. the Roman army was so strong
C. the Romans had the support from the Scottish
D. the Scots were afraid of the enemy
8. “We must win or we will die. ”What the leader of the Scots said means .
A. they were sure to win
B. they couldn’t escape from death
C. they would win and then they would die
D. they must try hard to win, otherwise they will lost their country
9. The Romans climbed up the hill quietly because .
A. they didn’t want to wake the Scots
B. they wanted to reach the top
C. they wanted to catch the four guards first
D. they were afraid of the sharp needles of the thistle
10. The people of Scotland made thistle their national flower because .
A. it is a beautiful plant
B. it is fresh and lovely
C. it had so many sharp needles all over it
D. it was the thistle that helped the Scots to win the battle
C
Brave
Type: 3D cartoon Comedy Running time: 95 minutes
Merida, a princess, refused to marry a person that she dislikes. This causes trouble for her family and the whole country. Merida turns to a witch(女巫) for help. In doing so, her family and the country are in danger. Merida must save her family and the country before it is too late.
The Grey
Type: Action Running time: 117 minutes
The Grey is based on the short story “Ghost Walker” written by Ian Mackenzie Jeffers.
It’s about a number of oil men who are in trouble in Alaska after a plane crash(空难). They have to fight against grey wolves that threaten their lives.
Mirror Mirror
Type: Comedy Running time: 106 minutes
You must know the story of Snow White. Would you like to see this story again? Come to see Mirror Mirror. It’s a comedy about Snow White. Lily Collins and Julia Roberts are the main actresses in this interesting movie.
Chimpanzee
Type: Documentary Running time: 78 minutes
This movie is directed by Alastair Fothergill and Mark Linfield. It’s a 2012 nature documentary film about a young chimpanzee named Oscar. He is alone in the African forests until he is raised by another chimpanzee. The chimpanzee takes care of Oscar like his own child.

11. How many documentaries are mentioned in the passage?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
12. Which movie lasts the longest time?
A. Brave. B. The Grey. C. Chimpanzee. D. Mirror Mirror.
13. Which statement about the movies is true?
A. Mirror Mirror is directed by Lily Collins and Julia Roberts.
B. The Grey directed by Ian Mackenzie Jeffers is based on a short story.
C. You can’t see many beautiful nature sights in Chimpanzee.
D. Brave is about a princess who obeys her heart.
14. Who starred in(主演) one of the movies?
A. Lily Collins and Julia Roberts. B. Alastair Fothergill and Mark Linfield.
C. Ian Mackenzie Jeffers. D. Merida.
15. Where can you probably read this passage?
A. In a nature magazine. B. In a storybook.
C. In an entertainment newspaper. D. In a science book.