初中英语Section B学案设计

这是一份初中英语Section B学案设计，共15页。学案主要包含了单项选择，完型填空，阅读单选，用所给单词的正确形式填空，完成句子，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. in the end 最后；最终
（1）at the end f...后接地点名词时，表示＂在……尽头＂；后接表示时间的名词时，表示＂在……结束时＂。
（2）by the end f...意为＂在……以前； 到……为止＂，常用于将来时态或过去完成时态的句子中。
2. Canadian adj. 加拿大的；加拿大的
Canada(加拿大) Canadian (加拿大人)
Australia (澳大利亚) Australian (澳大利亚人)
America (美国；美洲) American （美国人；美洲人）
3. 把……分开
其被动结构为 be divided int，意为＂被分为……＂。
divide 及物动词，意为＂分开；分散＂，指把整体分成若干部分。
4. encurage sb. t d sth. 鼓励某人做某事
encurage sb. in sth. 意为＂在……方面助长某人的某种行为/鼓励某人＂。
5. at a lw price 以低价
lw形容词，意为＂低的＂。
6. translate /træns’leɪt/ v. 翻译
translate... int ...意为＂把……翻译成……＂，既可用于主动语态中，也可用于被动语态中。
专题练习
一、单项选择
1．—Why d yu ________ Liu Hulan?
—Because she is a great herine.
A．lk likeB．lk dwn nC．lk verD．lk up t
2．T encurage students t discuss in class, the teacher divided the class ________ several grups.
A．intB．withC．frD．by
3．We shuld ________ knwledge ________ practice.
A．cnnect, withB．divide, intC．translate, intD．deal, with
4．Micheal Jacksn is called King f Pp, and peple all ver the wrld _______ him.
A．lk straight atB．lk up tC．lk dwn upn
5．Many freign students came t ur schl last week, including three________and five________.
A．Germen; CanadianB．Germans; Canadians
C．Germen; CanadiansD．Germans; Canadian
二、完型填空
What d yu need fr an inventin t be a success?
T begin with, gd timing is very 6 . Yu can have a gd idea which the public desn’t want yet. Take Givanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s. Thugh the quality was excellent, his inventin quickly 7 . The fax machine did nt becme a necessary piece f equipment in every ffice until the 1980s.
Mney als helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea fr a steam engine almst a hundred years befre James Watt was brn. Denis never had enugh mney t 8 ne.
Yu als need t be patient. It tk scientists nearly eighty years t invent a light bulb. 9 , yu shuldn’t be t slw. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray develped plans fr a telephne. Gray saw it nly as “a beautiful ty”. When he finally sent details f his inventin t the Patent Office (专利局) n February 14th, 1876, it was t 10 . Almst the same designs had arrived just tw hurs earlier. The yung man wh sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventr f the telephne.
Of curse what yu really need is a wnderful idea. If yu haven’t gt ne, a walk in the cuntryside and a careful lk at 11 can help. The Swiss scientist, Gerge de Mestral, had the idea fr Velcr (粘扣) when he fund his clthes cvered in sticky seed pds after a walk in the cuntryside.
6．A．interestingB．imprtantC．persnalD．satisfying
7．A．diedB．imprvedC．spreadD．appeared
8．A．deliverB．repairC．useD．build
9．A．HweverB．InsteadC．S farD．At last
10．A．mdernB．difficultC．lateD．ld
11．A．scietyB．natureC．picturesD．advertisements
三、阅读单选
One f the main prblems in cities is traffic cngestin (堵塞). The main reasn is that we are nt expanding (扩展) ur transprtatin systems fast enugh t meet the ever-increasing demands (需求). One slutin is t create a new type f transprtatin that desn’t rely n (依赖) rads.
In the last century, planes and cars changed the way we lived. Cars have allwed us t mve farther. Planes have cut travel time t faraway places. At the beginning f a new century, we may see the realizatin f a century-ld dream---the mix f cars and planes---the flying cars. Yu might have heard news abut flying cars befre. The technlgy t make them safe and easy t fly may finally be here. With prgress in lightweight material, cmputer mdels and n-man cntrl, the dream is very clse t becming real.
Car maker Mller went public with the Skycar M400 in 2011. It is the first car that can take ff and land straight. The fur-seat-Skycar is pwered by eight engines (引擎). The cst f the car is abut $1millin at first, but when it begins t be prduced in large amunts, that price culd cme dwn t as lw as $60,000.
The latest flying car CityHawk is said t be tested between 2021 and 2022. It is similar t the Skycar except fr its pwer surce. The imprtant difference lies in the pwer fans that seem much quieter n the rad. The CityHawk is as large as a middle-sized car. It culd be used as an air taxi fr news cllectin and traffic cntrl.
The ppularity f flying cars culd be very exciting r very scary (令人害怕的), depending n hw yu see it. With prper rules, they culd be the answer t ur ever-heavier traffic pressure.
12．Accrding t the first paragraph, the new type f transprtatin shuld be used t _______.
A．imprve the speed f carsB．slve traffic cngestin
C．increase peple’s demandsD．replace the present transprtatin system
13．The writer mentins tw kinds f flying cars t ________.
A．shw the imprtance f flying carsB．explain hw flying cars wrk
C．encurage peple t buy flying carsD．shw flying cars are cming t us
14．What’s the difference between the Skycar and the CityHawk?
A．The Skycar has fewer seats.
B．The Skycar is mre expensive.
C．The CityHawk is much smaller.
D．The CityHawk makes less nise.
15．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．

16．We can infer frm the text that the writer feels ________ abut the future f flying cars.
A．dubtfulB．hpefulC．negativeD．wrried
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
17．A true friend can help yu get ut f ________ (sad) when yu’re unhappy.
18．Our great leader Deng Xiaping passed away in his ________ (90).
19．Our schl sprts meeting was ________ (success) held tw weeks ag.
20．Make careful ________ (chse) befre taking actin, please.
21．Dn’t wrry. I have made much ________ (进步) in learning English.
五、完成句子
22．今天上午他拿错了伞。
He tk away the umbrella ________ ________ this mrning.
23．大部分少年都梦想着当英雄。
Mst bys ________ ________ becming heres.
24．我非常仰慕影星孙俪。
I ________ ________ ________ the mvie star Sun Li very much.
25．树木和草地能够阻止雨水冲刷泥土。
The trees and grass can ________ the rain ________ washing ut the sil.
26．一年前，闪电把这棵大树劈成了两半。
The Lightning ________ this big tree ________ half a year ag.
六、材料作文
27． 假如你是李华，你发明的“蛇形机器人”在学校科技节中获奖，被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请用英文介绍你的发明，内容包括下图中1－4项：
注意：
1.参考词汇：太阳能 slar energy，探索 explre，铁 irn;
2.词数：80词左右(短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
3.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Gd mrning! It’s my great pleasure t be here t intrduce my inventin. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all abut my inventin. I hpe yu will like it.
参考答案
一、单项选择
1．—Why d yu ________ Liu Hulan?
—Because she is a great herine.
A．lk likeB．lk dwn nC．lk verD．lk up t
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——你为什么敬仰刘胡兰？——因为她是一个伟大的女英雄。
考查动词短语辨析。lk like看起来与……相似；lk dwn n 看不起；lk ver检查；lk up t 尊敬，敬仰；根据答语“Because she is a great herine.”可知，刘胡兰是一个伟大的女英雄，使用lk up t，敬仰英雄，符合语境；lk up t sb.敬仰某人。故选D。
2．T encurage students t discuss in class, the teacher divided the class ________ several grups.
A．intB．withC．frD．by
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：为了鼓励学生在课堂上讨论，老师把全班分成了几个小组。
考查介词辨析。int到……里面；with伴随；fr为了；by被。根据“the teacher divided the class … several grups”可知，是将全班分成小组，divide int表示“把……分成”，故选A。
3．We shuld ________ knwledge ________ practice.
A．cnnect, withB．divide, intC．translate, intD．deal, with
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我们应该把知识和实践联系起来。
考查动词词组辨析。与……联系；把……分成；把……翻译成；deal with处理。“knwledge”和“practice ”关系应该是把它们联系起来。故选A。
4．Micheal Jacksn is called King f Pp, and peple all ver the wrld _______ him.
A．lk straight atB．lk up tC．lk dwn upn
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：迈克尔杰克逊被称为流行音乐之王，全世界的人都敬仰他。
考查动词短语。lk straight at直视；lk up t敬仰；lk dwn upn看不起；根据“Micheal Jacksn is called King f Pp”可知，此处说的是全世界人们都敬仰他，故选B。
5．Many freign students came t ur schl last week, including three________and five________.
A．Germen; CanadianB．Germans; Canadians
C．Germen; CanadiansD．Germans; Canadian
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：上周许多外国学生来我们学校，包括三个德国人和五个加拿大人。
考查专有名词的复数变化。Germen错误结构；Canadian加拿大人，单数形式；Germans 德国人，复数形式；Canadians加拿大人，复数形式；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“三个德国人和两个加拿大人”，所以此处的名词都要用复数形式，“德国人”是German ，复数是Germans，而“加拿大人”是Canadian，复数是直接加s，故选B 。
二、完型填空
What d yu need fr an inventin t be a success?
T begin with, gd timing is very 6 . Yu can have a gd idea which the public desn’t want yet. Take Givanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s. Thugh the quality was excellent, his inventin quickly 7 . The fax machine did nt becme a necessary piece f equipment in every ffice until the 1980s.
Mney als helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea fr a steam engine almst a hundred years befre James Watt was brn. Denis never had enugh mney t 8 ne.
Yu als need t be patient. It tk scientists nearly eighty years t invent a light bulb. 9 , yu shuldn’t be t slw. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray develped plans fr a telephne. Gray saw it nly as “a beautiful ty”. When he finally sent details f his inventin t the Patent Office (专利局) n February 14th, 1876, it was t 10 . Almst the same designs had arrived just tw hurs earlier. The yung man wh sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventr f the telephne.
Of curse what yu really need is a wnderful idea. If yu haven’t gt ne, a walk in the cuntryside and a careful lk at 11 can help. The Swiss scientist, Gerge de Mestral, had the idea fr Velcr (粘扣) when he fund his clthes cvered in sticky seed pds after a walk in the cuntryside.
6．A．interestingB．imprtantC．persnalD．satisfying
7．A．diedB．imprvedC．spreadD．appeared
8．A．deliverB．repairC．useD．build
9．A．HweverB．InsteadC．S farD．At last
10．A．mdernB．difficultC．lateD．ld
11．A．scietyB．natureC．picturesD．advertisements
【答案】
6．B
7．A
8．D
9．A
10．C
11．B
【分析】
文章介绍了一项发明成功需要的几个条件。
6．
句意：首先，好的时机非常重要。
interesting有趣的；imprtant重要的；persnal个人的；satisfying满足的；根据“Thugh the quality was excellent, his inventin fax machine did nt becme a necessary piece f equipment in every ffice until the 1980s.”可知，发明的时机是很重要的，故选B。
7．
句意：虽然质量很好，但他的发明很快就销声匿迹了。
died死的；imprved提高；spread传播；appeared出现；根据“The fax machine did nt becme a necessary piece f equipment in every ffice until the 1980s.”可知，传真机的发明销声匿迹了，故选A。
8．
句意：丹尼斯从来没有足够的钱建造一个。
deliver递送；repair修理；use使用；build修建；根据“Denis never had enugh mney”及句意可知，是没有钱建造蒸汽机，故选D。
9．
句意：然而，你不应该太慢。
Hwever然而；Instead代替；S far到目前为止；At last最后；根据“It tk scientists nearly eighty years t invent a light bulb.”以及“In the yung man wh sent them was Alexander Graham Bell.”可知，此处是转折关系，应用hwever连接，故选A。
10．
句意：当他最终于1876年2月14日将自己发明的细节提交给专利局时，为时已晚。
mdern现代的；difficult困难的；late晚的；ld老的；根据“Almst the same designs had arrived just tw hurs earlier.”可知，此处说的是提交的专利已经晚了，故选C。
11．
句意：如果你还没有，在乡间散步和仔细观察大自然会有所帮助。
sciety社会；nature自然；pictures图片；advertisements广告；根据“The Swiss scientist, Gerge de Mestral, had the idea fr Velcr (粘扣) when he fund his clthes cvered in sticky seed pds after a walk in the cuntryside.”可知，此处指的是“观察大自然”，故选B。
三、阅读单选
One f the main prblems in cities is traffic cngestin (堵塞). The main reasn is that we are nt expanding (扩展) ur transprtatin systems fast enugh t meet the ever-increasing demands (需求). One slutin is t create a new type f transprtatin that desn’t rely n (依赖) rads.
In the last century, planes and cars changed the way we lived. Cars have allwed us t mve farther. Planes have cut travel time t faraway places. At the beginning f a new century, we may see the realizatin f a century-ld dream---the mix f cars and planes---the flying cars. Yu might have heard news abut flying cars befre. The technlgy t make them safe and easy t fly may finally be here. With prgress in lightweight material, cmputer mdels and n-man cntrl, the dream is very clse t becming real.
Car maker Mller went public with the Skycar M400 in 2011. It is the first car that can take ff and land straight. The fur-seat-Skycar is pwered by eight engines (引擎). The cst f the car is abut $1millin at first, but when it begins t be prduced in large amunts, that price culd cme dwn t as lw as $60,000.
The latest flying car CityHawk is said t be tested between 2021 and 2022. It is similar t the Skycar except fr its pwer surce. The imprtant difference lies in the pwer fans that seem much quieter n the rad. The CityHawk is as large as a middle-sized car. It culd be used as an air taxi fr news cllectin and traffic cntrl.
The ppularity f flying cars culd be very exciting r very scary (令人害怕的), depending n hw yu see it. With prper rules, they culd be the answer t ur ever-heavier traffic pressure.
12．Accrding t the first paragraph, the new type f transprtatin shuld be used t _______.
A．imprve the speed f carsB．slve traffic cngestin
C．increase peple’s demandsD．replace the present transprtatin system
13．The writer mentins tw kinds f flying cars t ________.
A．shw the imprtance f flying carsB．explain hw flying cars wrk
C．encurage peple t buy flying carsD．shw flying cars are cming t us
14．What’s the difference between the Skycar and the CityHawk?
A．The Skycar has fewer seats.
B．The Skycar is mre expensive.
C．The CityHawk is much smaller.
D．The CityHawk makes less nise.
15．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．

16．We can infer frm the text that the writer feels ________ abut the future f flying cars.
A．dubtfulB．hpefulC．negativeD．wrried
【答案】
12．B
13．D
14．D
15．A
16．B
【分析】
文章大意：由于现在交通压力大，所以随着交通工具的发展，人们在本世纪初发明了会飞的汽车并不断优化，有望在不久的将来解决现在的交通问题。
12．
细节理解题。根据第一段开头和结尾“One f the main prblems in cities is traffic cngestin (堵塞)…One slutin is t create a new type f transprtatin that desn’t rely n (依赖) rads.”可知，创造一种不依赖公路的新型交通工具是解决当前交通堵塞的一种方案，即新型的交通工具应被用来解决交通堵塞问题。故选B。
13．
判断推理题。根据第二段中“Yu might have heard news abut flying cars befre. The technlgy t make them safe and easy t fly may finally be here.”和最后一句“With prper rules, they culd be the answer t ur ever-heavier traffic pressure.”可知，文中提到两种会飞的汽车是为了表明这种新型的交通工具即将进入我们的生活中。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The imprtant difference lies in the pwer fans that seem much quieter n the rad.”可知，两种会飞的汽车的主要区别在于CityHawk的动力风扇在路上似乎更安静，产生的噪音更少。故选D。
15．
篇章结构题。结合全文内容来看，文章可以分为三个部分：第一部分是第一段，提出要创造一种新型交通工具来解决当前的交通问题；第二部分从第二段到第四段，具体介绍了两种会飞的汽车；最后一段是第三部分，对会飞的汽车进行了展望。故选A。
16．
判断推理题。结合全文语境，尤其是最后一句“With prper rules, they culd be the answer t ur ever-heavier traffic pressure.”可知作者详细介绍会飞的汽车是为了表明这种新型的交通工具即将进入我们的生活中，解决交通堵塞的问题，可推断出作者对这种新型交通工具的未来充满希望。故选B。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
17．A true friend can help yu get ut f ________ (sad) when yu’re unhappy.
18．Our great leader Deng Xiaping passed away in his ________ (90).
19．Our schl sprts meeting was ________ (success) held tw weeks ag.
20．Make careful ________ (chse) befre taking actin, please.
21．Dn’t wrry. I have made much ________ (进步) in learning English.
【答案】
17．sadness
18．nineties
19．successfully
20．chice
21．prgress
【解析】
17．句意：当你不开心时，一个真正的朋友可以帮助你走出悲伤。f是介词，后面跟名词。sad的名词为sadness。故填：sadness。
18．句意：我们伟大的领袖邓小平90年代去世了。结合语境可知，在九十年代用英语in nineties。所以答案为：nineties。
19．句意：两周前，我们学校运动会成功的举行了。held是动词，用副词来修饰。success的副词为successfully。故答案为successfully。
20．句意：请在采取行动之前仔细选择。careful是形容词，后面跟名词。chse的名词为chice。因此填：chice。
21．句意：别担心。我在英语学习方面取得了很大进步。根据汉语提示可知用prgress。much后跟不可数名词，因此prgress用原形。故填：prgress。
五、完成句子
22．今天上午他拿错了伞。
He tk away the umbrella ________ ________ this mrning.
23．大部分少年都梦想着当英雄。
Mst bys ________ ________ becming heres.
24．我非常仰慕影星孙俪。
I ________ ________ ________ the mvie star Sun Li very much.
25．树木和草地能够阻止雨水冲刷泥土。
The trees and grass can ________ the rain ________ washing ut the sil.
26．一年前，闪电把这棵大树劈成了两半。
The Lightning ________ this big tree ________ half a year ag.
【答案】
22． by mistake
23． dream f
24． lk up t
25． stp frm
26． divided in
【分析】
22．by mistake是一个固定短语，意思是错误地，无意地，在句中做状语。
23．dream f是固定短语，意思是梦想，向往，后面跟名词或者动名词形式。这句话讲的是经常性的动作，主语是Mst bys，复数形式，因此谓语动词用原形。
24．lk up t是固定短语，向上看，仰慕，崇拜，这句话的主语是I，使用的是一般现在时态，表示一个经常性、习惯性的动作，因此谓语动词用原形。
25．stp…frm…是一个固定短语，意思是阻止…做某事，frm是介词，后面跟名词或者动名词形式。空前有情态动词can，故stp用原形。
26．divide…int…把…分成…部分，是一个固定短语。根据句意和句中的时间状语a year ag可知，这句话说的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，故动词divide变成过去式divided。
点睛：这个题型是完成句子，考查了学生几个固定短语的用法，如by mistake, dream f, lk up t, stp…frm, divide…int，首先学生应根据句意确定所填的短语，还需要注意使用正确的形式。如第5小题，根据句中的时间状语a year ag可以知道，应使用一般过去时态，动词应变成过去式。第2小题和第3小题都说的是经常性的动作，故都用一般现在时态，动词用原形。
六、材料作文
27． 假如你是李华，你发明的“蛇形机器人”在学校科技节中获奖，被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请用英文介绍你的发明，内容包括下图中1－4项：
注意：
1.参考词汇：太阳能 slar energy，探索 explre，铁 irn;
2.词数：80词左右(短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
3.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Gd mrning! It’s my great pleasure t be here t intrduce my inventin. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all abut my inventin. I hpe yu will like it.
【答案】例文：
Ladies and gentlemen,
Gd mrning! It’s my great pleasure t be here t intrduce my inventin. My inventin is a rbt snake. It is a special snake with a lng bdy. The rbt snake can mve quickly because it is driven by slar energy. It can be used t take phts and peple can talk with it. What’s mre, it can help explre the mn. This is my rbt snake, which is made by myself alne in my spare time. If it is used in ur life, I will have tw imprvements. I will suggest the engineer use light irns f high quality t make the frame.
That’s all abut my inventin. I hpe yu will like it.
【详解】
1、题干解读：题目要求你根据所给提示，介绍你的发明，包括发明的外观、特点、用途和改进计划等，可适当发挥。
2、写作指导：本文应该以第三人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；介绍自己的发明时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。
1. 外观：长长的身体，像一条蛇。
2. 特点：移动迅速，使用太阳能。
3. 用途：可拍照，能对话，帮助人们探索月球。
4. 改进计划：(至少补充2点)
1. 外观：长长的身体，像一条蛇。
2. 特点：移动迅速，使用太阳能。
3. 用途：可拍照，能对话，帮助人们探索月球。
4. 改进计划：(至少补充2点)