英语七年级下册Section A优秀导学案及答案

Unit 8  Is there a post office near here?

一、There be句型

1. 构成

There be句型表示的是“某处有/存在某人或某物”，其结构为“There be(is，are)＋名词＋地点状语”。

There are forty-two students in our class.

我们班有42名学生。

There is a pencil in my pencil-box.

我的铅笔盒里有一支铅笔。

2. 各种句式

(1)否定句：There be＋not＋名词＋地 点状语。其中not也可以用no表示。即：no＋名词＝ not a/an/any＋名词。

她的包里有个橘子。

There is an orange in her bag.

→There is no orange in her bag.

＝There isn’t any/an orange in her bag.

树上有几只鸟。

There are some birds in the tree.

→There are no birds in the tree.

＝There aren’t any birds in the tree.

(2)一般疑问句：Be there＋名词＋地点状语？

回答：Yes, there be./No, ther be＋not.

她的手提包里有点钱。

There is some money in her handbag.

—Is there any money in her handbag?

—Yes, there is./No, there isn’t.

【注意】肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句时，句中的some应改为any。

(3)特殊疑问句：

①对There be结构中名词的数量提问：当对可数名词的量提问时用：How many＋可数名词复数＋are there＋地点状语？当对不可数名词的量提问时用：How much＋不可数名词＋is there＋地点状语？

这条街上有40个商店。

There are forty shops on this street.

→How many shops are there on this street?[来源:学科网]

树上有一只鸟。[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]

There is a bird in the tree.

→How many birds are there in the tree?

桌子上有一些面包。

There is some bread on the table.

→How much bread is there on the table?

②对There be结构中的名词提问时用：

指物：What is＋地点状语？

指人：Who is＋地点状语？

课桌上有很多书。

There are many books on the desk.

→What’s on the desk?

房间里有三个男孩儿。

There are three boys in the room.

→Who is in the room?

3. 用法

(1)There be句型中，be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

There is a basketball in the box.

盒子里有一个篮球。

There are many people in the hall.

大厅里有很多人。

(2)如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。

There is an apple and some bananas in the basket.

篮子里有一个苹果和一些香蕉。

There are some bananas and an apple in the b asket.

篮子里有一些香蕉和一个苹果。

4. there be与have的区别

(1)there be句型表示“有”时，侧重于客观，表示“某处有/存在某人或某物”，此时不强调此物归谁所有。

(2)have表示“有”时，侧重于主观，表示“某人拥有某物”，此时强调“所属关系”，主语多是人。

(3)二者有时可以通用，表示“某物本身拥有……”。

The room has ten desks.

＝There are ten desks in the classroom.

教室里有十张桌子。

学习时需要注意的问题：

there be句型表示有某人或某物。其构成是：There be＋人或物＋地点状语(常由介词短语构成).

【考向一】

there be句型的主语通常在be之后。如果句子的主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词，be用is；如果句子主语是可数名词复数，be用are。

There is some milk in the bottle.

瓶子里有些奶。

There are some pencils in my pencil box.

我的铅笔盒里有些铅笔。

【典例】There ________ a card on the teacher’s desk five minutes ago, but now it is gone.

A. have             B. is             C. was

【答案】C

【解析】考查there be结构，主语是a card，为单数，排除A；由时间状语five minutes ago可知用一般过去时，故选C。

【考向二】

there be的疑问句式要把be提到there前，肯定回答为“Yes, there is/are.”，否定回答为“No, there isn’t/aren’t.”。注意不要用“Yes, it is/they are.”或“No, it isn’t/they aren’t.”来回答。

—Are there any flowers in your school?

你们学校里有一些花吗？

—Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

是的，有。/不，没有。

—Is there a bag on the chair?

椅子上有个包吗？

—Yes, there is. /No, there isn’t.

是的，有。/不，没有。

【典例】

1. —________there any living things on other planets?

—I have no idea. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.

A. Is                             B. Are 

C. Has                          D. Have

【答案】B

2. —Is there a watermelon on the table?

—________

A. Yes, there is.　　　       B. Yes, it is.

C. No, there is.                   D. No, it isn’t.

【答案】A

【解析】本题用语境判断法。Is there ...？是there be句型的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, there is.”；否定回答用“No, there isn’t.”。

【考向三】

there be的否定句式是在be后面加not，is not可缩写为isn’t；are not可缩写为aren’t。

There are some girls in the photo.

那张照片中有些女孩。

There aren’t any girls in the photo.(否定句)

那张照片中没有女孩。

【典例】

—We ordered beef noodles, but ________ any beef in the noodles.

—Put on your glasses and you can see the beef.

A. there isn’t                       B. there is

C. there aren’t                     D. there are

【答案】A

【考向四】

there be后跟两个或两个以上主语时，be的数要与离它最近的主语的数保持一致，即“就近原则”。

【典例】

There ________ some milk and apples in the fridge.

A. has                                   B. have

C. is                                     D. are

【答案】C

【解析】“本句为there be句型，首先可排除A、B两项；there be后跟两个或两个以上主语时，be动词应使用“就近原则”， milk是不可数名词，故be动词用单数形式，又可排除D选项。故选C。

二、问路和指路

1. 如何问路

【典例】

—Excuse me, ________?

—It’s next to Wanda Cinema.

A. when is the movie on

B. what is your mother

C. who is the girl under the tree

D. where is the nearest bookshop

【答案】D

【解析】本题用语境判断法。由答语“它紧挨着万达影院”可知问句询问的是地点，故选D。学*科+网

2. 如何指路

3. 表示方位的介词短语

【典例】

My father has a habit (习惯)of jogging (慢跑) ________the Jinchuan River for half an hour in the morning.

A. between                           B. along

C. over                                 D. through

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我父亲习惯早上沿着金川河慢跑半小时。沿着河跑应该用along。

一、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。

There ________a book and two pens on the desk.

2. 在杰姆的书包里有一些书。

There ________ some books in Jim’s bag.

3. 墙上有一些地图吗？

________ ________ ________ maps on the wall?

4. 学校里没有学生。

There ________ ________ students in the school.

二、按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。

1. There are thirty desks in the room.(对画线部分提问)

________ ________ ________ ________there in the room?

2. There are some trees near the house.(改为否定句)

There ________ ________ trees near the house.

3. There are some eggs in the box.(改为单数形式的句子)

There ___ _____ ________ ________ in the box.

4. There are some apples on the tree.(改为一般疑问句)

________ ________ ________ apples on the tree?

三、用适当的介词填空，完成句子。

1. —Is there a swimming pool _____________here?

  —Yes, there is.

2. Mary is a shy girl. She always hides (躲) herself ________her mother.[来源:Zxxk.Com]

3. Turn right ________ the second crossing and the pay phone is________ your left.

4. To get to the bookstore, you just have to cross Jinghu Street. It’s across ________ the park.

5. There is a clothes store ________ my house and the school.

四、按要求完成句子。

1. There is a post office near the bank. (改为否定句)

   ________ ________ a post office near the bank.

2. There are some birds in the sky.  (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)

   ________ ________ ________ birds in the sky?

   Yes, ________ ________.

3. The new library is next to the new park. (对画线部分提问)

        ________ ________the new library?

4. The two bookstores are behind the school. (改为同义句)

  The school is ________ ________ ________the two bookstores.

5. Our school has twenty classrooms. (改为同义句)

  ________ ________ twenty classrooms in our school.

五、单项填空。

1. (2015毕节)There ________ only a little milk in the fridge.

  A. is               B. are              C. be                 D. has

2. —Excuse me, is there a bank near here?

  —________. But you can find one on North Street.

  A. Yes, there is                          B. No, there isn’t

  C. Yes, there are                        D. No, there aren’t

3. —Excuse me. Could you tell me the way ________ the nearest supermarket?

  —Go down the street and turn left. Then you’ll see it.

  A. to             B. of             C. in               D. at

4. (2016烟台) There ________ a number of books in the library and the number of them ________increasing.

  A. has; is                       B. have; are 

  C. are; is                       D. is; are

5. (2015铜仁) —Excuse me, where is the bookstore?

  —Go ________ the bridge. You’ll see it on your left.[来源:学科网ZXXK]

  A. on                     B. cross      C. across                D. through

6. There ________ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle’s farm now.

A. have　      B. has　　      C. is　　      D. are

7. —Mum, there ________ only a tomato and three eggs in the fridge. How about going to the supermarket now?

—That’s a good idea.

A. is        B. are       C. has       D. have

一、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

1.is　           2.are

3.Are there any　         4.aren’t any

二、按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。

1.How many desks are

2.aren’t any

3.is an egg

4.Are there any

三、用适当的介词填空，完成句子。

1. near/around          2. behind

3. at; on           4. from

5. between

四、按要求完成句子。

1. There isn’t

2. Are there any; there are

3. Where is

4. in fromt of

5. There are

五、单项填空。

3. A  【解析】问句句意为“打扰了，您可以告诉我去最近的超市的路吗？”，“the way to＋地点”表示“去某地的路线”，故选A。

4. C  【解析】句意：在图书馆里有很多书并且书的数量正在增加。a number of books作主语时，谓语动词用复数；the number of...作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

5. C  【解析】句意：——你好，请问书店在哪儿？——穿过桥。在你的左边你会看到的。穿过桥是在表面横穿而过，故用across。[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]

6. D　【解析】lots of sheep(许多绵羊)是复数，所以使用are。

7. A　【解析】本题使用主谓一致法。there be 句式需遵循就近原则。a tomato 是单数，故be动词应用is。