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A
(2020·郑州市第三次质检)
US student Vanessa Tahay stands ut frm the ther teenagers in her schl. Her skin is dark and her accent is thick.If yu ask her, she will tell yu these are the things she is prudest f.Tahay is a pet, and at 18 she was cnsidered amng the best in Ls Angeles.
When she is n the stage, audiences ften g silent.They als laugh, shut and cry. But this desn't cme easily fr smene wh cmes frm a village that sits at the base f a huge muntain range in Central America.When she first appeared at schl, she was teased by thers fr being shrt and different.She never spke, s they called her “muse”．
“Hw d I defend myself？” Tahay thught.“I dn't knw hw.”
“Keep ging，” her mther wuld tell her.“At sme pint，yu'll learn.”
She spent hurs after schl and n weekends watching the same DVD: English Withut Barriers.
Tahay's elder brther, Elmer, persuaded her t g t the afterschl petry club. In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High Schl's petry prgram int ne f the mst respected in the city.Her team draws frm the likes f D．H. Laurence, Pat Mra and Kendrick Lamar t create pems abut their wn lives.The pems fcus n many things—sme funny, sme painful.
The first time Tahay read the grup's pems, she was wild with jy.“I wish I culd write like that，” she thught.“I want t say smething.”
She wrte her first pem abut her first year in America.She called it Invisible.The day her turn came t recite pems in frnt f the team, she brke dwn crying. She cried fr 15 minutes.“I had s much held in，” Tahay said. “I culdn't even finish it.”
But she kept at it despite her lessthanperfect grammar, spelling and dictin (措辞)．Still, she wuldn't tell her friends abut her petry because she wrried they wuld make fun f her.
But with time, her pems changed her. “They gave me pride，” Tahay said.“They tld me that I'm wrth smething.”
“She had this inncence，” Kurnick said. “This willingness t be genuine shws yu things yu dn't ever see.”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国学生Vanessa Tahay的故事：她通过自己的努力战胜了别人的嘲笑，并找到了自己的人生价值。
1．What did Tahay's mther suggest she d when she was teased by thers？ C
A．Fight with them bravely.
B．Reprt them t her teachers.
C．Ignre them and keep ging.
D．Try hard t make friends with them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘Keep ging，’ her mther wuld tell her.”可知，本题答案为C。
2．What are the themes f Tahay and her team's pems？ D
A．Their admiratin fr the great pets.
B．Their appreciatin f natural beauty.
C．Their expectatins f a better future.
D．Funny and painful stries abut their lives.
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“t create pems abut their wn lives.The pems fcus n many things—sme funny, sme painful.”可知，他们的诗歌主题是他们生活中有趣的和痛苦的故事。故本题选D。
3．Hw did Tahay prbably feel when she first read the grup's pems？ B
A．She was cld. B．She was excited.
C．She was nervus. D．She was frightened.
解析：细节理解题。根据第七段中的“she was wild with jy.‘I wish I culd write like that，’she thught.‘I want t say smething.’”可知，她很兴奋，她希望她能像他们一样写诗。故选B。
4．Hw did Tahay benefit frm writing pems？ A
A．She felt mre cnfident abut herself.
B．She wn many natinal petry cmpetitins.
C．She became the first student pet in the city.
D．She imprved her grammar and spelling greatly.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But with time, her pems changed her.‘They gave me pride，’ Tahay said.‘They tld me that I'm wrth smething.’”可知，随着时间的流逝，诗歌改变了她，给了她信心，告诉她她是有价值的。故本题选A。
B
(2021·黑龙江哈三中月考)
Traveler
My fifteenyearld sn has just returned frm abrad with rlls f expsed film and a hundred dllars in uncashed traveler's checks, and is asleep at the mment.His blue duffel(粗呢) bag lies n the flr where he drpped it.Obviusly, he pstpned as much sleep as he culd: when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched ff, and he headed directly fr the bed, where I imagine he beat his ld recrd f sixteen hurs.
It was his first trip verseas, s weeks befre it, I pressed travel bks n him, and a tape cassette f useful French phrases; drew up a list f peple t visit; advised him n clthing and ther things.At the luggage stre where we went t buy him a suitcase, he headed fr the duffel, saying that suitcases were mre fr ld peple.
During the trip, he called hme three times: frm Lndn, Paris, and a village named Ullapl.Near Ullapl, he climbed a muntain in a rainstrm that almst blew him ff.In the village, a man spke t him in Gaelic, and, t plite t interrupt, my sn listened t him fr ten r fifteen minutes, trying t nd in the right places.The French he learned frm the cassette didn't hld water in Paris.The French he talked t shrugged and walked n.
When my sn called, I sat dwn at the kitchen table and leaned frward and hung n every wrd. His vice came thrugh clearly, thugh tw f the calls were like shiptshre cmmunicatin.When I interrupted him with a “Great！” r a “Really？”， I kncked a little hle in his cmmunicatin.S I just sat and listened. I have never listened t a telephne s attentively and with s much pleasure.It was wnderful t hear news frm him that was s new t me.In my bk, he was the first man t land n the mn, and I knew that I had n advice t give him and that what I had already given was prbably nt much help.
The unused checks are certainly evidence f that.Yuth travels light.N suitcase, nt much luggage and a slim expense accunt, and yet he went t the scene, and came back safely.I sit here amazed. The night when yur child returns with dust n his shes frm a cuntry yu've never seen is a night yu wuld gladly turn int a week.
文章大意：本文中作者主要叙述了自己的儿子独自一人外出度假，并安全归来，也没有使用到自己提供给他的东西。由此说明新一代的年轻人更为自信独立的特点。
5．During the trip, the authr's sn B .
A．ran ut f mney
B．had inadequate sleep
C．frgt t call his mther
D．failed t take gd pictures
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched ff, and he headed directly fr the bed, where I imagine he beat his ld recrd f sixteen hurs.”可知我的儿子到家就倒在床上睡觉了。我认为他会打破自己睡了16个小时的记录。这一切都说明他很疲惫。故B选项正确。
6．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing culd best describe the authr's sn？ C
A．Plite and careless.
B．Creative and stubbrn.
C．Cnsiderate and independent.
D．Selfcentered and adventurus.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“t plite t interrupt, my sn listened t him fr ten r fifteen minutes”，由此可推断作者的儿子的其中一个性格是cnsiderate(体贴的，考虑周全的)；又根据文章说作者的儿子自己去旅行，很多事情都一个人去处理，也可推断他是一个独立的(independent)的人。结合各个选项的意思，可知选C。
7．What des the underlined wrd “that” in the last paragraph refer t？ D
A．It is imprtant t listen t yur child's stry.
B．It's easy t interrupt the chat with yur child.
C．The authr is prud f her sn landing n the mn.
D．The sn n lnger needs much help frm his mther.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“In my bk, he was the first man t land n the mn, and I knew that I had n advice t give him and that what I had already given was prbably nt much help”．可知我知道我已经没有什么建议可以给儿子了，我给他的东西对他也没有什么帮助。本句“The unused checks are certainly evidence f that.”没有使用的支票就是证明。其中的that就是指上段最后一句“what I had already given was prbably nt much help”．。故D正确。
8．What can we infer frm the passage？ C
A．Gd parents shuld prtect their children frm ptential dangers.
B．The wrld is a bk and thse wh d nt travel read nly ne page.
C．It's a winwin chice t give a child space t experience and explre.
D．Cmmunicatin between parents and children is extremely imprtant.
解析：推理判断题。纵观全文，根据作者对他儿子这次去旅游之前，去的时候给家里打电话以及回来之后的一连串的分析和思考，可知作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2020·湖南省高三六校联考)
Gardening 380 Kilmeters abve Earth
Astrnauts have t g thrugh physical, psychlgical, and technical training.They als g thrugh training in hw t care fr plants.These “astrnaut gardeners” share their wrk and living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants alng n a trip isn't a new idea.As space trips becme lnger, it will be necessary t grw fd in space. 1.D Because f this, it's nt practical t send everything needed fr a lng jurney, nly t be used nce and thrwn away.
Plants can serve many uses n a space jurney.They can prvide mre fresh things. 2.F Als, plants can help t make air quality better because they prduce xygen.They can imprve the quality f the air inside the spacecraft — the nly air the astrnauts can breathe.
3.B Due t the lack f gravity in space, the xygen that the plants prduce stays arund the plants.This can actually kill them, s fans are needed t circulate the air.Withut gravity, rts dn't “knw” t grw dwn, leaves dn't “knw” t grw up, and water desn't easily travel up the rts t the leaves. 4.E Besides, sil is t heavy t send t space, and special liquid gels (凝胶) are used t help plant grwth.
Scientists are als wrking n the plants themselves.They are trying t make plants grw mre rapidly and grw with less water and light in space, and they are lking fr ways t make plants mre resistant t disease. 5.C Imagine that deserts may ne day prvide lts f fresh fd fr lcal peple, saving transprtatin csts.Similarly, plants that are resistant t disease culd prvide an imprtant fd supply.With the wrld's ppulatin nw at abut 7.7 billin peple, ur astrnaut gardeners may help discver ways t feed thse billins.
A．Every plant grwn in space must have several uses.
B．Hwever, there are challenges with grwing plants in space.
C．Such methds may result in imprvements back here n Earth.
D．The cst f taking anything int space is abut $22,000 per kilgram.
E．Specialized cntainers are being develped t help the plants grw crrectly.
F．Astrnauts will welcme the additin f fruits and vegetables t their diet f dry fds.
G．Currently all xygen is taken abard in tanks.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植的原因和好处以及种植方法。
解析：
1．空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的。据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因。故D项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22 000美元。”符合语境。
2．根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西。根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气。据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物。故F项正确。
3．上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等。结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难。据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系。故B项正确。
4．根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上。而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法。据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法。故E项“正在研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长。”符合语境。
5．根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法。且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响。据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善。故C项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·南昌市一模)
By gd frtune, I was able t drift dwn the Mtu River in New Zealand 1.twice (tw) during last year.
The first jurney 2.was led (lead) by Buzz, an American guide with a lt f rafting experience.The first half day was spent 3.develping (develp) teamwrk.The discipline f fllwing cmmands 4.withut/beynd questin was necessary.In rapids, we 5.fught (fight) against the river and vercame it.We tk the raft exactly 6.where Buzz wanted it t g.At the end f the jurney, we were all excited and happy 7.because/since we wn.
The guide n the secnd jurney was very sftlyspken.It seemed that it wuld be 8.impssible (pssible) t hear his vice abve the nise f the rapids.He didn't try t take cmmand f us r the river.At the end f the jurney, the river became ur friend, but nt ur enemy.The quiet guide was nt ur leader, but nly the persn whse sensitivity was mre develped than 9.urs (we)．
10.Given (give) the pprtunity t chse a leader, everyne wuld have chsen smene like Buzz.Hwever, at the end f the secnd jurney, we had a different visin.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了作者的两次新西兰Mtu河之旅。
解析：
1．考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示两次的含义。故用副词twice在句子中作状语，与下文“n the secnd jurney”呼应。
2．考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境及介词by可知，此处表示被动的概念，又根据上文“last year”可知，应用一般过去时。故用一般过去时的被动语态。
3．考查固定用法。spend time ding sth.意为“花费时间做某事”为固定用法。故此处填develping。
4．考查介词。withut/beynd questin“毫无疑问”，为固定用法。
5．考查动词的时态。根据其后的vercame可知，此处是在陈述过去发生的事情。故用一般过去时。
6．考查连词。where引导状语从句，在从句中作地点状语。
7．考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，前果后因。故用连词because/since。
8．考查词形转换。根据上文“The guide n the secnd jurney was very sftlyspken.”可推知，此处表示导游说话温和，在急流的噪音下不可能听到他的声音。故填impssible。
9．考查代词。空处与“whse sensitivity”呼应。故此处用名词性物主代词作宾语。
10．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，give和句子everyne之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故用过去分词。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·广州市综合测试)
Flwing thrugh the centre f Guangzhu, the Pearl Riverplays an imprtant rle in the life f city. Each day, bats takepeple in and frm wrk, and ships transprt gds t factry andmarkets. The river is als a great surce f entertain. Alng theriverbanks, where yu can see peple walking, exercising andenjy beautiful views. In recent years, lcals had wrked hard timprve the river envirnment. Amng their effrts are plantingtrees alng the banks r creating several new parks. Mstimprtant, they've reduced river pllutin, making the water s clean as peple can nw fish in the river.
答案：
Flwing thrugh the centre f Guangzhu, the Pearl Riverplays an imprtant rle in the life f eq \(∧,\s\d8(the))city. Each day, bats takepeple eq \(in,\s\d8(t)) and frm wrk, and ships transprt gds t eq \(factry,\s\d8(factries)) and markets. The river is als a great surce f eq \(entertain,\s\d8(entertainment)). Alng the riverbanks, where yu can see peple walking, exercising and eq \(enjy,\s\d8(enjying)) beautiful views. In recent years, lcals eq \(had,\s\d8(have)) wrked hard t imprve the river envirnment. Amng their effrts are plantingtrees alng the banks eq \(r,\s\d8(and)) creating several new parks. Mst eq \(imprtant,\s\d8(imprtantly))， they've reduced river pllutin, making the water sclean eq \(as,\s\d8(that)) peple can nw fish in the river.
解析：
1．考查冠词。此处city指的是上文提到的Guangzhu，表示特指，应该用定冠词修饰，故在city前加the。
2．考查介词。表示“到(某处)”应用介词t。
3．名词的单复数误用。factry是可数名词，又其前没有限定词修饰，且根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式，故用factries。
4．entertain改为entertainment 考查名词。介词后一般跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处应用entertain的名词形式entertainment。
5．考查关系副词。分析句子结构可知，“yu can see peple ”是主句，而非where引导的非限制性定语从句，因此删除where。
6．考查动词形式。根据句中的and可知，此处与walking、exercising并列，作宾语补足语，故用enjying。
7．考查动词的时态。根据句中的“In recent years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，又主语lcals为复数形式，故用have。
8．考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表并列关系而非选择关系，故用and。
9．imprtant改为imprtantly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词，修饰整个句子，故用imprtantly。
10．考查固定搭配。“如此……以至于……”是固定搭配，引导状语从句，故用that。
A
(2020·郑州市第三次质检)
US student Vanessa Tahay stands ut frm the ther teenagers in her schl. Her skin is dark and her accent is thick.If yu ask her, she will tell yu these are the things she is prudest f.Tahay is a pet, and at 18 she was cnsidered amng the best in Ls Angeles.
When she is n the stage, audiences ften g silent.They als laugh, shut and cry. But this desn't cme easily fr smene wh cmes frm a village that sits at the base f a huge muntain range in Central America.When she first appeared at schl, she was teased by thers fr being shrt and different.She never spke, s they called her “muse”．
“Hw d I defend myself？” Tahay thught.“I dn't knw hw.”
“Keep ging，” her mther wuld tell her.“At sme pint，yu'll learn.”
She spent hurs after schl and n weekends watching the same DVD: English Withut Barriers.
Tahay's elder brther, Elmer, persuaded her t g t the afterschl petry club. In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High Schl's petry prgram int ne f the mst respected in the city.Her team draws frm the likes f D．H. Laurence, Pat Mra and Kendrick Lamar t create pems abut their wn lives.The pems fcus n many things—sme funny, sme painful.
The first time Tahay read the grup's pems, she was wild with jy.“I wish I culd write like that，” she thught.“I want t say smething.”
She wrte her first pem abut her first year in America.She called it Invisible.The day her turn came t recite pems in frnt f the team, she brke dwn crying. She cried fr 15 minutes.“I had s much held in，” Tahay said. “I culdn't even finish it.”
But she kept at it despite her lessthanperfect grammar, spelling and dictin (措辞)．Still, she wuldn't tell her friends abut her petry because she wrried they wuld make fun f her.
But with time, her pems changed her. “They gave me pride，” Tahay said.“They tld me that I'm wrth smething.”
“She had this inncence，” Kurnick said. “This willingness t be genuine shws yu things yu dn't ever see.”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国学生Vanessa Tahay的故事：她通过自己的努力战胜了别人的嘲笑，并找到了自己的人生价值。
1．What did Tahay's mther suggest she d when she was teased by thers？ C
A．Fight with them bravely.
B．Reprt them t her teachers.
C．Ignre them and keep ging.
D．Try hard t make friends with them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘Keep ging，’ her mther wuld tell her.”可知，本题答案为C。
2．What are the themes f Tahay and her team's pems？ D
A．Their admiratin fr the great pets.
B．Their appreciatin f natural beauty.
C．Their expectatins f a better future.
D．Funny and painful stries abut their lives.
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“t create pems abut their wn lives.The pems fcus n many things—sme funny, sme painful.”可知，他们的诗歌主题是他们生活中有趣的和痛苦的故事。故本题选D。
3．Hw did Tahay prbably feel when she first read the grup's pems？ B
A．She was cld. B．She was excited.
C．She was nervus. D．She was frightened.
解析：细节理解题。根据第七段中的“she was wild with jy.‘I wish I culd write like that，’she thught.‘I want t say smething.’”可知，她很兴奋，她希望她能像他们一样写诗。故选B。
4．Hw did Tahay benefit frm writing pems？ A
A．She felt mre cnfident abut herself.
B．She wn many natinal petry cmpetitins.
C．She became the first student pet in the city.
D．She imprved her grammar and spelling greatly.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But with time, her pems changed her.‘They gave me pride，’ Tahay said.‘They tld me that I'm wrth smething.’”可知，随着时间的流逝，诗歌改变了她，给了她信心，告诉她她是有价值的。故本题选A。
B
(2021·黑龙江哈三中月考)
Traveler
My fifteenyearld sn has just returned frm abrad with rlls f expsed film and a hundred dllars in uncashed traveler's checks, and is asleep at the mment.His blue duffel(粗呢) bag lies n the flr where he drpped it.Obviusly, he pstpned as much sleep as he culd: when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched ff, and he headed directly fr the bed, where I imagine he beat his ld recrd f sixteen hurs.
It was his first trip verseas, s weeks befre it, I pressed travel bks n him, and a tape cassette f useful French phrases; drew up a list f peple t visit; advised him n clthing and ther things.At the luggage stre where we went t buy him a suitcase, he headed fr the duffel, saying that suitcases were mre fr ld peple.
During the trip, he called hme three times: frm Lndn, Paris, and a village named Ullapl.Near Ullapl, he climbed a muntain in a rainstrm that almst blew him ff.In the village, a man spke t him in Gaelic, and, t plite t interrupt, my sn listened t him fr ten r fifteen minutes, trying t nd in the right places.The French he learned frm the cassette didn't hld water in Paris.The French he talked t shrugged and walked n.
When my sn called, I sat dwn at the kitchen table and leaned frward and hung n every wrd. His vice came thrugh clearly, thugh tw f the calls were like shiptshre cmmunicatin.When I interrupted him with a “Great！” r a “Really？”， I kncked a little hle in his cmmunicatin.S I just sat and listened. I have never listened t a telephne s attentively and with s much pleasure.It was wnderful t hear news frm him that was s new t me.In my bk, he was the first man t land n the mn, and I knew that I had n advice t give him and that what I had already given was prbably nt much help.
The unused checks are certainly evidence f that.Yuth travels light.N suitcase, nt much luggage and a slim expense accunt, and yet he went t the scene, and came back safely.I sit here amazed. The night when yur child returns with dust n his shes frm a cuntry yu've never seen is a night yu wuld gladly turn int a week.
文章大意：本文中作者主要叙述了自己的儿子独自一人外出度假，并安全归来，也没有使用到自己提供给他的东西。由此说明新一代的年轻人更为自信独立的特点。
5．During the trip, the authr's sn B .
A．ran ut f mney
B．had inadequate sleep
C．frgt t call his mther
D．failed t take gd pictures
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched ff, and he headed directly fr the bed, where I imagine he beat his ld recrd f sixteen hurs.”可知我的儿子到家就倒在床上睡觉了。我认为他会打破自己睡了16个小时的记录。这一切都说明他很疲惫。故B选项正确。
6．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing culd best describe the authr's sn？ C
A．Plite and careless.
B．Creative and stubbrn.
C．Cnsiderate and independent.
D．Selfcentered and adventurus.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“t plite t interrupt, my sn listened t him fr ten r fifteen minutes”，由此可推断作者的儿子的其中一个性格是cnsiderate(体贴的，考虑周全的)；又根据文章说作者的儿子自己去旅行，很多事情都一个人去处理，也可推断他是一个独立的(independent)的人。结合各个选项的意思，可知选C。
7．What des the underlined wrd “that” in the last paragraph refer t？ D
A．It is imprtant t listen t yur child's stry.
B．It's easy t interrupt the chat with yur child.
C．The authr is prud f her sn landing n the mn.
D．The sn n lnger needs much help frm his mther.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“In my bk, he was the first man t land n the mn, and I knew that I had n advice t give him and that what I had already given was prbably nt much help”．可知我知道我已经没有什么建议可以给儿子了，我给他的东西对他也没有什么帮助。本句“The unused checks are certainly evidence f that.”没有使用的支票就是证明。其中的that就是指上段最后一句“what I had already given was prbably nt much help”．。故D正确。
8．What can we infer frm the passage？ C
A．Gd parents shuld prtect their children frm ptential dangers.
B．The wrld is a bk and thse wh d nt travel read nly ne page.
C．It's a winwin chice t give a child space t experience and explre.
D．Cmmunicatin between parents and children is extremely imprtant.
解析：推理判断题。纵观全文，根据作者对他儿子这次去旅游之前，去的时候给家里打电话以及回来之后的一连串的分析和思考，可知作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2020·湖南省高三六校联考)
Gardening 380 Kilmeters abve Earth
Astrnauts have t g thrugh physical, psychlgical, and technical training.They als g thrugh training in hw t care fr plants.These “astrnaut gardeners” share their wrk and living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants alng n a trip isn't a new idea.As space trips becme lnger, it will be necessary t grw fd in space. 1.D Because f this, it's nt practical t send everything needed fr a lng jurney, nly t be used nce and thrwn away.
Plants can serve many uses n a space jurney.They can prvide mre fresh things. 2.F Als, plants can help t make air quality better because they prduce xygen.They can imprve the quality f the air inside the spacecraft — the nly air the astrnauts can breathe.
3.B Due t the lack f gravity in space, the xygen that the plants prduce stays arund the plants.This can actually kill them, s fans are needed t circulate the air.Withut gravity, rts dn't “knw” t grw dwn, leaves dn't “knw” t grw up, and water desn't easily travel up the rts t the leaves. 4.E Besides, sil is t heavy t send t space, and special liquid gels (凝胶) are used t help plant grwth.
Scientists are als wrking n the plants themselves.They are trying t make plants grw mre rapidly and grw with less water and light in space, and they are lking fr ways t make plants mre resistant t disease. 5.C Imagine that deserts may ne day prvide lts f fresh fd fr lcal peple, saving transprtatin csts.Similarly, plants that are resistant t disease culd prvide an imprtant fd supply.With the wrld's ppulatin nw at abut 7.7 billin peple, ur astrnaut gardeners may help discver ways t feed thse billins.
A．Every plant grwn in space must have several uses.
B．Hwever, there are challenges with grwing plants in space.
C．Such methds may result in imprvements back here n Earth.
D．The cst f taking anything int space is abut $22,000 per kilgram.
E．Specialized cntainers are being develped t help the plants grw crrectly.
F．Astrnauts will welcme the additin f fruits and vegetables t their diet f dry fds.
G．Currently all xygen is taken abard in tanks.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植的原因和好处以及种植方法。
解析：
1．空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的。据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因。故D项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22 000美元。”符合语境。
2．根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西。根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气。据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物。故F项正确。
3．上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等。结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难。据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系。故B项正确。
4．根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上。而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法。据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法。故E项“正在研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长。”符合语境。
5．根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法。且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响。据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善。故C项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·南昌市一模)
By gd frtune, I was able t drift dwn the Mtu River in New Zealand 1.twice (tw) during last year.
The first jurney 2.was led (lead) by Buzz, an American guide with a lt f rafting experience.The first half day was spent 3.develping (develp) teamwrk.The discipline f fllwing cmmands 4.withut/beynd questin was necessary.In rapids, we 5.fught (fight) against the river and vercame it.We tk the raft exactly 6.where Buzz wanted it t g.At the end f the jurney, we were all excited and happy 7.because/since we wn.
The guide n the secnd jurney was very sftlyspken.It seemed that it wuld be 8.impssible (pssible) t hear his vice abve the nise f the rapids.He didn't try t take cmmand f us r the river.At the end f the jurney, the river became ur friend, but nt ur enemy.The quiet guide was nt ur leader, but nly the persn whse sensitivity was mre develped than 9.urs (we)．
10.Given (give) the pprtunity t chse a leader, everyne wuld have chsen smene like Buzz.Hwever, at the end f the secnd jurney, we had a different visin.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了作者的两次新西兰Mtu河之旅。
解析：
1．考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示两次的含义。故用副词twice在句子中作状语，与下文“n the secnd jurney”呼应。
2．考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境及介词by可知，此处表示被动的概念，又根据上文“last year”可知，应用一般过去时。故用一般过去时的被动语态。
3．考查固定用法。spend time ding sth.意为“花费时间做某事”为固定用法。故此处填develping。
4．考查介词。withut/beynd questin“毫无疑问”，为固定用法。
5．考查动词的时态。根据其后的vercame可知，此处是在陈述过去发生的事情。故用一般过去时。
6．考查连词。where引导状语从句，在从句中作地点状语。
7．考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，前果后因。故用连词because/since。
8．考查词形转换。根据上文“The guide n the secnd jurney was very sftlyspken.”可推知，此处表示导游说话温和，在急流的噪音下不可能听到他的声音。故填impssible。
9．考查代词。空处与“whse sensitivity”呼应。故此处用名词性物主代词作宾语。
10．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，give和句子everyne之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故用过去分词。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·广州市综合测试)
Flwing thrugh the centre f Guangzhu, the Pearl Riverplays an imprtant rle in the life f city. Each day, bats takepeple in and frm wrk, and ships transprt gds t factry andmarkets. The river is als a great surce f entertain. Alng theriverbanks, where yu can see peple walking, exercising andenjy beautiful views. In recent years, lcals had wrked hard timprve the river envirnment. Amng their effrts are plantingtrees alng the banks r creating several new parks. Mstimprtant, they've reduced river pllutin, making the water s clean as peple can nw fish in the river.
答案：
Flwing thrugh the centre f Guangzhu, the Pearl Riverplays an imprtant rle in the life f eq \(∧,\s\d8(the))city. Each day, bats takepeple eq \(in,\s\d8(t)) and frm wrk, and ships transprt gds t eq \(factry,\s\d8(factries)) and markets. The river is als a great surce f eq \(entertain,\s\d8(entertainment)). Alng the riverbanks, where yu can see peple walking, exercising and eq \(enjy,\s\d8(enjying)) beautiful views. In recent years, lcals eq \(had,\s\d8(have)) wrked hard t imprve the river envirnment. Amng their effrts are plantingtrees alng the banks eq \(r,\s\d8(and)) creating several new parks. Mst eq \(imprtant,\s\d8(imprtantly))， they've reduced river pllutin, making the water sclean eq \(as,\s\d8(that)) peple can nw fish in the river.
解析：
1．考查冠词。此处city指的是上文提到的Guangzhu，表示特指，应该用定冠词修饰，故在city前加the。
2．考查介词。表示“到(某处)”应用介词t。
3．名词的单复数误用。factry是可数名词，又其前没有限定词修饰，且根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式，故用factries。
4．entertain改为entertainment 考查名词。介词后一般跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处应用entertain的名词形式entertainment。
5．考查关系副词。分析句子结构可知，“yu can see peple ”是主句，而非where引导的非限制性定语从句，因此删除where。
6．考查动词形式。根据句中的and可知，此处与walking、exercising并列，作宾语补足语，故用enjying。
7．考查动词的时态。根据句中的“In recent years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，又主语lcals为复数形式，故用have。
8．考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表并列关系而非选择关系，故用and。
9．imprtant改为imprtantly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词，修饰整个句子，故用imprtantly。
10．考查固定搭配。“如此……以至于……”是固定搭配，引导状语从句，故用that。
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