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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists练习题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists练习题，共5页。
根据汉语提示写出单词。
1．The evidence demnstrates hw easily peple can hld cntradictry (相互矛盾的) beliefs.
2．Was his mther t severe (严厉) n him?
3．The driver f the crashed car received multiple (多样的) injuries.
4．We shuld transfrm ur subjective wrld while transfrming (改变) the bjective wrld.
5．Accrding t fficial statistics (统计数字)，the island had 37 peple.
6．The traffic accidents in the city decreased (减少) last year.
7．They made substantial (重大的) changes t the arrangements.
8．The prime minister was always demanding active interventin (干涉) early n.
9．The plice have nw narrwed dwn their list f suspects (犯罪嫌疑人)．
10．He was nt displeased at the way he handled (处理) the prblem.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Brian Greene, a prfessr f physics and mathematics at Clumbia University, has created an nline science educatin platfrm. He tries t “build a bridge” with things yu knw abut, and then “bring yu acrss that bridge t the strange place f mdern physics”．
Recently I had a chance t ask Greene abut wrmhles (a hle which sme scientists think might exist, cnnecting parts f space and time that are nt usually cnnected), time travel and ther mysteries f the universe. I asked him a millindllar questin：What if I went thrugh a wrmhle and prevented my parents frm meeting? “Mst f us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said. Althugh there are several interesting theries abut time travel, he added, the laws f physics wuld prbably prevent smething s illgical frm taking place. The gd news is that the time paradx (悖论) is pen fr future physicists t slve.
When asked hw physics culd becme mre exciting fr kids, Greene said that bks by Stephen Weinberg, Lenard Susskind, and ther physicists, “make it a great time fr peple wh want t learn abut big ideas but aren't yet ready，perhaps, t learn math. ”
When I pinted ut that sme students still might find physics bring, Greene said that the key is t teach them abut things that are strange. “The basic stuff is imprtant，” Greene said. “But I think it's really imprtant t als describe the mre mdern ideas, things like black hles and the Big Bang. If kids have thse ideas in mind, then at least sme f them will be excited t learn all the details. ”
Greene has fllwed Albert Einstein's lead in trying t slve the mysteries f the universe. Nw he wants kids t d the same. As Greene said, physics is “nt just a matter f slving prblems in an exam”. It's abut experimenting, shwing an interest in strange phenmena (现象)—and having fun!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子能够对现代物理学感兴趣。
1．A millindllar questin is prbably very ．
A．direct B．difficult
C．persnal D．lng
B [细节理解题。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，这个问题可能非常难。]
2．The bks by Weinberg and Susskind ．
A．are bring t read
B．are mainly abut math
C．are ppular science bks
D．are nly ppular amng kids
C [推理判断题。根据第三段的“ it a great time fr peple wh want t learn abut big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, t learn math”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合大众阅读，故这些书属于科普读物。]
3．Accrding t Paragraph 4, which f the fllwing des Greene agree with?
A．Mdern physics is a bring subject.
B．Interest plays an imprtant rle in studying.
C．It is nt necessary t learn all abut physics.
D．It is easy t describe black hles and the Big Bang.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段可知，当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时，Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事，并描述一些诸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的现代物理现象，如果孩子们知道了这些，他们就愿意了解更多详细的内容。因此他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。]
4．In the last paragraph，Greene hpes that ．
A．kids can lve science and physics
B．kids can d well in physics exams
C．kids can have fun with experiments
D．kids can find mre strange things in life
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Greene has fllwed Albert Einstein's lead in trying t slve the mysteries f the universe.Nw he wants kids t d the same.”可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。]
B
Sir Jhn Gurdn, a British scientist, wh wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine in 2012，said he had predicted at the time f his frg experiments that the successful clning f a mammal wuld happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer is apprpriate” fr the step t human clning. Parents wh lse children in accidents may be able t clne “cpies” t replace them then.
Althugh any attempt t clne an entire human wuld raise cmplex mral issues, the bilgist claimed peple wuld sn vercme their cncerns if the technique became medically useful. Clning was regarded with extreme dubts when it was first develped but became widely accepted after the birth f Luise Brwn, the first “testtube baby”. He said，“When my first frg experiments were dne, an American reprter asked hw lng it wuld be befre these things culd be dne in mammals r humans. I said,‘Well, it culd be anytime between 10 years and 100 years—hw abut 50 years？’ It turned ut that it wasn't far ff the mark as far as Dlly was cncerned. Maybe the same answer is apprpriate. ” Sir Jhn added that clning a human being effectively means making an identical twin, and dctrs wuld therefre simply be “cpying what nature has already prduced”．
The average vte n allwing parents f deceased children, wh are n lnger fertile (能生育的), t create anther by using the mther's eggs and skin cells frm the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 percent in favr. The reasns fr “n” are usually that the new children wuld feel they are sme srt f replacements fr smething.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、英国科学家约翰·格登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。
5．Sir Jhn predicted the human clning wuld be a reality in at mst.
A．abut 100 years B．abut 60 years
C．abut 50 years D．abut 10 years
C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。]
6．Accrding t the text, which statement is NOT true?
A．Luise Brwn is the first “testtube baby”．
B．Human clning is still a cntrversial tpic.
C．Sir Jhn is psitive abut the future f human clning.
D．Human clning is creating smething that didn't exist befre.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“after the birth f Luise Brwn，the first‘testtube baby’”可排除A项；文章尾段说明赞成者占六成，故排除B项；根据第二段中格登爵士的话可知，他对克隆人充满了希望，故排除C项；根据第二段的尾句可知，D项表述不正确。]
7．The underlined wrd “identical” prbably means“ ”
A．same B．special C．new D．clear
A [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“twin”和“dctrs wuld therefre simply be ‘cpying what nature has already prduced’”可知，A项正确。]
8．It can be inferred frm the passage that ．
A．mst peple cast dubt n Jhn's experiments
B．human clning is and will be nly a dream
C．few children lve t be clned in the future
D．human clning may be realized smeday
D [推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
There is an ld Spanish prverb which states, “Tmrrw is ften the busiest day f the week. ” 1 T many. But ur dreams shuld nt and cannt wait.
Tmrrw is nt prmised.
Nbdy likes t talk abut death, but the reality is that everybdy will die sme day. Nne f us knw the day. 2 Dn't g t yur grave with unfinished dreams. Make the decisin t g after every dream, big r small, right nw.
The wrld is waiting fr yur gift.
The wrld is waiting fr yu. 3 Sure, ther peple may be able t sing, but they'll never be able t sing exactly like yu. Sure, ther peple can write, but they'll never be able t write frm the same pint f view in which yu write.
4
Yu can dream abut writing a great nvel, but it's never ging t happen unless yu actually put yur pen t paper. Yu can dream abut finding a cure fr cancer, but it will never happen unless yu actually g t schl t becme equipped with the necessary tls t find that cure.
Yu can't let fear win.
One f the biggest dream killers is fear. There are s many peple wh culd have achieved amazing things if they weren't afraid. Just think abut all the things yu've wanted t d, but allwed fear t cnvince yu that yu weren't capable r gd enugh. 5 Yu can chse nt t let fear stp yu frm achieving yur dreams.
A．Therefre, tday is all we have.
B．Dreams dn't wrk unless yu d.
C．Remember that fear is just a chice.
D．Yu were brn int the wrld with a unique gift.
E．Yu will be much happier if yu g fr yur dreams.
F．There are s many pprtunities and peple waiting fr yu.
G．Hw many times have we put ff ur dreams until tmrrw?
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。人类因梦想而伟大，但梦想经不起等待。要实现你心中的梦想，那就即刻启程吧。
1．G [根据该空后面的“T many.”可知，这是对G项问题的回答。]
2．A [根据本段标题和本段内容可知，明天未可期，要实现梦想，当下就要行动，A项与前后语境相符。]
3．D [根据该空后面的内容可知，我们每个人都有独一无二的天赋，故选D。]
4．B [通读本段内容可知，千里之行，始于足下，梦想的实现，需要我们付出努力。]
5．C [C项中的“ is just a chice”与后面一句中的“chse nt t let fear...”相呼应。]
根据汉语提示写出单词。
1．The evidence demnstrates hw easily peple can hld cntradictry (相互矛盾的) beliefs.
2．Was his mther t severe (严厉) n him?
3．The driver f the crashed car received multiple (多样的) injuries.
4．We shuld transfrm ur subjective wrld while transfrming (改变) the bjective wrld.
5．Accrding t fficial statistics (统计数字)，the island had 37 peple.
6．The traffic accidents in the city decreased (减少) last year.
7．They made substantial (重大的) changes t the arrangements.
8．The prime minister was always demanding active interventin (干涉) early n.
9．The plice have nw narrwed dwn their list f suspects (犯罪嫌疑人)．
10．He was nt displeased at the way he handled (处理) the prblem.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Brian Greene, a prfessr f physics and mathematics at Clumbia University, has created an nline science educatin platfrm. He tries t “build a bridge” with things yu knw abut, and then “bring yu acrss that bridge t the strange place f mdern physics”．
Recently I had a chance t ask Greene abut wrmhles (a hle which sme scientists think might exist, cnnecting parts f space and time that are nt usually cnnected), time travel and ther mysteries f the universe. I asked him a millindllar questin：What if I went thrugh a wrmhle and prevented my parents frm meeting? “Mst f us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said. Althugh there are several interesting theries abut time travel, he added, the laws f physics wuld prbably prevent smething s illgical frm taking place. The gd news is that the time paradx (悖论) is pen fr future physicists t slve.
When asked hw physics culd becme mre exciting fr kids, Greene said that bks by Stephen Weinberg, Lenard Susskind, and ther physicists, “make it a great time fr peple wh want t learn abut big ideas but aren't yet ready，perhaps, t learn math. ”
When I pinted ut that sme students still might find physics bring, Greene said that the key is t teach them abut things that are strange. “The basic stuff is imprtant，” Greene said. “But I think it's really imprtant t als describe the mre mdern ideas, things like black hles and the Big Bang. If kids have thse ideas in mind, then at least sme f them will be excited t learn all the details. ”
Greene has fllwed Albert Einstein's lead in trying t slve the mysteries f the universe. Nw he wants kids t d the same. As Greene said, physics is “nt just a matter f slving prblems in an exam”. It's abut experimenting, shwing an interest in strange phenmena (现象)—and having fun!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子能够对现代物理学感兴趣。
1．A millindllar questin is prbably very ．
A．direct B．difficult
C．persnal D．lng
B [细节理解题。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，这个问题可能非常难。]
2．The bks by Weinberg and Susskind ．
A．are bring t read
B．are mainly abut math
C．are ppular science bks
D．are nly ppular amng kids
C [推理判断题。根据第三段的“ it a great time fr peple wh want t learn abut big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, t learn math”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合大众阅读，故这些书属于科普读物。]
3．Accrding t Paragraph 4, which f the fllwing des Greene agree with?
A．Mdern physics is a bring subject.
B．Interest plays an imprtant rle in studying.
C．It is nt necessary t learn all abut physics.
D．It is easy t describe black hles and the Big Bang.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段可知，当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时，Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事，并描述一些诸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的现代物理现象，如果孩子们知道了这些，他们就愿意了解更多详细的内容。因此他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。]
4．In the last paragraph，Greene hpes that ．
A．kids can lve science and physics
B．kids can d well in physics exams
C．kids can have fun with experiments
D．kids can find mre strange things in life
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Greene has fllwed Albert Einstein's lead in trying t slve the mysteries f the universe.Nw he wants kids t d the same.”可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。]
B
Sir Jhn Gurdn, a British scientist, wh wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine in 2012，said he had predicted at the time f his frg experiments that the successful clning f a mammal wuld happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer is apprpriate” fr the step t human clning. Parents wh lse children in accidents may be able t clne “cpies” t replace them then.
Althugh any attempt t clne an entire human wuld raise cmplex mral issues, the bilgist claimed peple wuld sn vercme their cncerns if the technique became medically useful. Clning was regarded with extreme dubts when it was first develped but became widely accepted after the birth f Luise Brwn, the first “testtube baby”. He said，“When my first frg experiments were dne, an American reprter asked hw lng it wuld be befre these things culd be dne in mammals r humans. I said,‘Well, it culd be anytime between 10 years and 100 years—hw abut 50 years？’ It turned ut that it wasn't far ff the mark as far as Dlly was cncerned. Maybe the same answer is apprpriate. ” Sir Jhn added that clning a human being effectively means making an identical twin, and dctrs wuld therefre simply be “cpying what nature has already prduced”．
The average vte n allwing parents f deceased children, wh are n lnger fertile (能生育的), t create anther by using the mther's eggs and skin cells frm the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 percent in favr. The reasns fr “n” are usually that the new children wuld feel they are sme srt f replacements fr smething.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、英国科学家约翰·格登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。
5．Sir Jhn predicted the human clning wuld be a reality in at mst.
A．abut 100 years B．abut 60 years
C．abut 50 years D．abut 10 years
C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。]
6．Accrding t the text, which statement is NOT true?
A．Luise Brwn is the first “testtube baby”．
B．Human clning is still a cntrversial tpic.
C．Sir Jhn is psitive abut the future f human clning.
D．Human clning is creating smething that didn't exist befre.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“after the birth f Luise Brwn，the first‘testtube baby’”可排除A项；文章尾段说明赞成者占六成，故排除B项；根据第二段中格登爵士的话可知，他对克隆人充满了希望，故排除C项；根据第二段的尾句可知，D项表述不正确。]
7．The underlined wrd “identical” prbably means“ ”
A．same B．special C．new D．clear
A [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“twin”和“dctrs wuld therefre simply be ‘cpying what nature has already prduced’”可知，A项正确。]
8．It can be inferred frm the passage that ．
A．mst peple cast dubt n Jhn's experiments
B．human clning is and will be nly a dream
C．few children lve t be clned in the future
D．human clning may be realized smeday
D [推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
There is an ld Spanish prverb which states, “Tmrrw is ften the busiest day f the week. ” 1 T many. But ur dreams shuld nt and cannt wait.
Tmrrw is nt prmised.
Nbdy likes t talk abut death, but the reality is that everybdy will die sme day. Nne f us knw the day. 2 Dn't g t yur grave with unfinished dreams. Make the decisin t g after every dream, big r small, right nw.
The wrld is waiting fr yur gift.
The wrld is waiting fr yu. 3 Sure, ther peple may be able t sing, but they'll never be able t sing exactly like yu. Sure, ther peple can write, but they'll never be able t write frm the same pint f view in which yu write.
4
Yu can dream abut writing a great nvel, but it's never ging t happen unless yu actually put yur pen t paper. Yu can dream abut finding a cure fr cancer, but it will never happen unless yu actually g t schl t becme equipped with the necessary tls t find that cure.
Yu can't let fear win.
One f the biggest dream killers is fear. There are s many peple wh culd have achieved amazing things if they weren't afraid. Just think abut all the things yu've wanted t d, but allwed fear t cnvince yu that yu weren't capable r gd enugh. 5 Yu can chse nt t let fear stp yu frm achieving yur dreams.
A．Therefre, tday is all we have.
B．Dreams dn't wrk unless yu d.
C．Remember that fear is just a chice.
D．Yu were brn int the wrld with a unique gift.
E．Yu will be much happier if yu g fr yur dreams.
F．There are s many pprtunities and peple waiting fr yu.
G．Hw many times have we put ff ur dreams until tmrrw?
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。人类因梦想而伟大，但梦想经不起等待。要实现你心中的梦想，那就即刻启程吧。
1．G [根据该空后面的“T many.”可知，这是对G项问题的回答。]
2．A [根据本段标题和本段内容可知，明天未可期，要实现梦想，当下就要行动，A项与前后语境相符。]
3．D [根据该空后面的内容可知，我们每个人都有独一无二的天赋，故选D。]
4．B [通读本段内容可知，千里之行，始于足下，梦想的实现，需要我们付出努力。]
5．C [C项中的“ is just a chice”与后面一句中的“chse nt t let fear...”相呼应。]
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