高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good随堂练习题

Unit 4 Looking good,feeling good

Welcome to the unit & Reading

【引言解读】

Beauty is being the best possible version of yourself on the inside and out.  —Audrey Hepburn

释义: 美就是从内到外都做最好的自己。 ——奥黛丽·赫本

启示: 一个人不应该只追求外在美, 还应该关注内在的修养, 在两个方面都做到最好。

【名言名句】

1. Health is better than wealth.  —Ray

健康尤胜于财富。 ——雷

2. Happiness lies, first of all, in health.  —G. W. Curtis

快乐首先在于有健康的身体。 ——柯蒂斯

3. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

—Benjamin Franklin

早睡早起, 使人健康、富有、明智。 ——本杰明·富兰克林

【话题导读】

Nowadays,  many students in our school are crazy about losing weight. Some of them eat very little to keep slim.

In my opinion,  the best way to lose weight is to keep a healthy diet and do regular exercise. Firstly,  we should say goodbye to junk food and snacks and try to eat more fruit and vegetables. But remember not to eat too little,  or you’ll get sick very soon. Secondly,  we shouldn’t spend too much time lying on sofas or in beds. We should try to do more sports,  such as swimming,  skating,  running and playing basketball. Last but not least,  it’s wise to make a reasonable timetable for your exercise and study.

In a word,  having a good diet and exercising will surely make you fit and charming!

[词海拾贝]

1. regular　　　adj.  有规律的　　　　2. snack n.  零食

3. reasonable　　adj.  合理的 4. charming adj.  迷人的; 可爱的

[我学我思]

1. be crazy about　　　　痴迷于

2. such as 例如

3. last but not least 最后也是最重要的

4. in a word 总而言之

5. If your friend is crazy about losing weight, what would you say to him or her?

Good health is the most beautiful thing. It’s not wise to eat little. It’s a good diet and exercising that matter.  

Ⅰ. 必备单词: 根据提示填写单词

【词块记忆】

1. skip breakfast　　　　　　　　　不吃早饭

2. natural yogurt 原味酸奶

3. suddenly feel faint 突然感到昏眩

4. 80 to 90 per cent of their income  他们百分之八九十的收入 

5. a healthy balanced diet 一个健康均衡的饮食

6. nutrition and health care 营养与保健

7. perform a function  发挥功能

【拓展记忆】

8. take action immediately立即采取行动

→an immediate(adj. ) explanation立即作出解释

9. a stable relationship 一个稳定的关系

→economic stability(n. )经济稳定

10. concentrate more on his work 更专注于他的工作

→powers of concentration(n. )注意力的集中

11. under extreme pressure在极大的压力下

→extremely(adv. ) important极为重要

12. a slim figure苗条的身材

→slimming(adj. ) exercise健美运动

13. concerned parents忧心忡忡的家长

→concern(v. ) oneself关切某人, 挂念某人

14. cause and effect因果

→effective (adj. ) measures有效措施

15. prove her innocence证明她的清白

→a provable (adj. ) answer一个有说服力的答案

16. a slightly larger house一间稍微大一点儿的房子

→made a slight(adj. ) improvement有些轻微的好转

17. a young energetic image一个充满活力的年轻形象

→a waste of time and energy(n. )浪费时间和精力

Ⅱ. 必备短语: 英汉双译

1. make a full recovery　　　　完全康复 

2. in a day or two 在一两天之内 

3. struggle with  同……做斗争 

4. have trouble  做……有困难 

5. turn to  转向; 求助于 

6. according to  根据, 参照 

7. one in ten  十个中有一个, 十分之一 

8. warn sb. against. . .  提醒某人提防…… 

9. pass out 昏迷, 失去知觉

10. slim down  变苗条; 减肥

11. side effect 副作用

12. take in 吸收, 摄入

13. get into shape 强身健体

14. stay energetic 保持精力充沛

15. be concerned about  关心, 关注

Ⅲ. 必备句式: 翻译课文原句, 并观察黑体部分

1. However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.

译文: 然而, 对于那些体重严重超标的人来说, 努力并合理地减肥是非常重要的。

2. What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.

译文: 更重要的是, 他们应该保持作息规律并得到足够的锻炼来保持精力充沛和身体健康。

3. We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.

译文: 我们强烈鼓励所有的青少年遵循这些生活方式的建议, 因为良好的生活是最安全、最有效的塑身方式。

【构词规律】

根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词

1. -ation常用于动词之后构成名词, 例如:

concentrate + -ation→concentration　　集中专注

imagine→imagination 想象

combine→combination 结合, 联合

determine→determination  决定

2. “动词 + 副词down”构成的短语

slim down　　　　　　　　变苗条; 减肥

cut down 削减; 删减

calm down 平静下来(镇定下来)

break down 打破; 崩溃

Task1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks

2. What’s the main idea of this passage?

　　The news report is about a teenage girl who fainted after skipping meals,  which warns us that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.

【阅读策略点拨】

抓结构, 快速读懂新闻报道:

新闻报道一般包括四个部分: 标题、导语、主体、结语。

1. 标题: 新闻报道的标题要醒目、得体、生动。

2. 导语: 新闻导语是一篇消息的开头部分。它用简短的语言介绍主要内容, 揭示新闻主题; 或采取其他生动形式引起读者的阅读兴趣。

3. 主体: 主体是报道的主要部分, 要具体介绍事件的时间、地点、人物、经过等。

4. 结语: 结语通常是对全文内容概括性的总结或对这一事件的简要评论。

Task2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究 

1. Choose the best answer.

(1)What does the news report mainly about?

A. A teenage girl passed out after skipping meals.

B. A teenage girl skipped meals to keep healthy.

C. A teenage girl was rushed into the hospital because of illness.

D. A teenage girl made her parents worried by fainting.

(2)Why did Jennifer pass out in her PE lesson?

A. She did too much exercise.

B. She was injured.

C. She skipped her meals.

D. She was ill seriously.

(3)Why did Jennifer skip meals?

A. To lose weight.

B. To keep healthy.

C. To fight her eating problems.

D. To make her parents worried.

(4)What does the phrase “extreme methods” mean in Paragraph 5?

A. Methods that are very good and helpful.

B. Approaches that can help teenagers lose weight.

C. Means that can not solve the problems.

D. Ways that are effective but harmful.

(5)What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A. It is a good idea for teenagers to keep slim.

B. It is effective to skip meals for teenagers to lose weight.

C. It is important for teenagers to have a healthy balanced diet.

D. It is necessary to do some exercise.

答案: (1)～(5)ACADC

2. Long sentence analysis.

译文: 她忧心忡忡的父母告诉医生, 他们的女儿那天没吃早饭, 前一天晚上的晚饭也基本没吃。

译文: 她指出, 健康、均衡饮食很重要, 因为青少年正在长身体, 他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。

Task3 语篇总结归纳: 主题深化 

　　Jennifer Jones, aged 15, (1)felt unwell and fainted in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital.  

Without having breakfast that day, Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels. Fortunately, she was treated immediately and is now (2)out of danger.  

Jennifer has struggled with eating problems for a long time. She thought that skipping meals would be a simple way (3)to reach her target weight. She had not eaten breakfast for months even though she (4)had trouble concentrating in class.  

 In a society (5)where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, many teenagers turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. Health experts (6)are concerned and are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.  

(7)As this case proves, these so-called ’quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers. (8)It’s normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no need to worry about it. In fact, it is important to have a healthy balanced diet, so we strongly encourage all teenagers to follow the proper lifestyles and take effective ways to (9)get into shape.  

Task4 阅读思维升华: 主题实践 

1. What is your opinion about the phenomenon that many teenagers turn to extreme methods to keep slim? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)

It is harmful to their health. The teenagers should be educated properly to follow the positive value of life.  

2. How do you think of the beauty of “slim”? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)

The inner beauty is more important than appearance.  

3. What should we do to keep healthy? (Creative Thinking创造性思维)

It is important to have a healthy balanced diet. What’s more we should take regular exercise to stay energetic and fit.  

1. immediately adv.  立即, 马上; conj.  一……就

*(2020•天津高考)I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.

我不能立即做决定, 但你会很快收到我的信的。

【导图理词】

(1)Her manner immediately set everyone at their ease.

她的态度立刻使大家轻松了。

(2)As soon as/The moment/minute/instant/Immediately/Instantly/Directly she’d gone,  I remembered her name.  

她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。

2. concentrate vi. &vt.  集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注

*(教材原句)She told me she had trouble concentrating in class. 她告诉我她在课上注意力不集中。

【词块积累】

concentrate (sth. ) on (doing) sth.

　　　　　　　　　集中于/专心于(做)某事

concentrate one’s attention on. . .

 把某人的注意力集中到……

concentrate sth. + 介词/副词

 使集中(或集合、聚集)

(1)Water companies should concentrate on reducing waste instead of building new reservoirs.  

自来水公司应该集中精力减少水浪费, 而不是修建新水库。

(2)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her study.  

为了集中精力学习, 她数次拒绝演出邀请。

(3)Kuang Heng concentrated so much energy on his study that he made great achievements later.  

匡衡把如此多的精力集中在学习上, 后来取得了很大的成就。

【名师点津】concentrate作“专心于”讲时, 可以是及物动词, 也可以是不及物动词。其宾语多为attention,  mind,  energy,  effort,  thought等词。

【词源趣谈】

concentrate源自法语 concentrer。词根词缀:  con-共同 + -centr- 中心 + -ate 动词词尾, 除了“集中(注意力、思想等)”意义外, 还有“集合、聚集、浓缩”等意义。

　　　　　　【知识延伸】“专注”荟萃

focus/fix one’s attention on sth.

put one’s mind in. . .

apply oneself/one’s mind to. . .

put one’s heart into. . .

be absorbed in. . .

be lost in. . .

be buried in. . .

　　　　　　　【补偿训练】一句多译
我辞职是为了专心写小说。
I am leaving to concentrate on writing fiction.
I am leaving to fix/focus my attention on writing fiction.
I am leaving to put my heart into writing fiction.
I am leaving to apply my mind to writing fiction.  

3. concerned adj.  担心的, 忧虑的; 关注的, 关切的

*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)My mom is really concerned with the health of everyone in our families.

我妈妈非常关心我们家每个人的健康。

【词块积累】

 (1)be/become concerned about

　　　　　　　　　　为……担心; 对……关注

be concerned with  对……感兴趣; 与……有关

as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言, 在某人看来

(2)concern n. 忧虑, 担心

show/express concern for/over 对……表示关心

 (1)A teacher must show concern for every student.   

教师必须要关心每一个学生。

(2)As far as I am concerned, the young man’s design isn’t attractive at all.  

在我看来, 这个年轻人的设计一点也不吸引人。

(3)You should tell your parents that you’re fine,  otherwise,  they would be concerned about you.  

你应该告诉你的父母你很好, 不然他们会很担心你的。

4. effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响

*(2019·北京高考)Individual talent will have positive effects on team performance.

个人才能对团队表现有积极影响。

【词块积累】

 (1)in effect　　　　　　事实上, 实际上

have an effect on 对……有影响

come into effect  生效

side effect 副作用

(2)effective adj. 有效的

(3)effectively adv.  有效地

(1)The new law will come into effect next month.   

新的法律将于下个月生效。

(2)According to an article in Newsweek, the drug could have side effects.  

根据一篇《新闻周刊》上的文章, 这种药物可能有副作用。

(3)That deal would create,  in effect,  the world’s biggest airline.  

那笔交易实际上将造就世界最大的航空公司。

5. diet n. 节食; 日常饮食

*(2019·天津高考) I eat what I consider a fairly healthy diet.

我吃我认为相当健康的食品。

【词块积累】

be on a diet 　　　　节食(表状态)

go on a diet  节食(表动作)

a balanced diet 均衡的饮食

(1)I love food too much to go on a diet.  

我太爱美食以至于无法节食。

(2)As far as I’m concerned,  it is very important for our health to have a balanced diet.  

依我看来, 均衡的饮食对我们的健康很重要。

(3)It is very unhealthy and life-threatening to be on a diet.  

节食是不健康的, 甚至会危及生命。

　　　　　 【易混辨析】diet与food

6. function vi.  起作用; 正常工作; 运转

*(2020·浙江高考)Every system in our body depends on water to function.

我们身体的每个系统都依赖水来运转。

【词块积累】

 (1)function as sb. /sth.  起……作用; 具有……功能

(2)function  n. 作用; 功能; 职能; 机能

fulfil/perform a function 发挥功能

 (1)(2019•天津高考) A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning.

一场战争使他的左手不能正常使用了。

(2)On weekdays,  one third of the room functions as workspace.  

在工作日, 这间屋子的三分之一充当工作场所。

7. frightened adj.  害怕的, 惊吓的, 受惊的

*(教材原句)I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.

上周四当我在医院醒来时我很害怕。

【词块积累】

 (1)be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事

be frightened to do sth.  不敢做某事

(2)frighten vt.  使惊吓, 使惊恐

frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.

 恐吓某人做/不做某事

frighten sb. to death 把某人吓坏了

(3)fright n.  害怕, 惊恐

(4)frightening  adj. 令人恐惧的

 (1)The child was frightened to death by the violent thunderstorm.  

那孩子被狂风暴雨吓得要命。

(2)She was frightened of flying.  

她害怕坐飞机。

(3)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off.

他试图哄那条狗到他跟前, 但它吓坏了, 跑了。

【巧学助记】

Last night I read a frightening story, which frightened me out of sleeping. I was really frightened at the ending of the story. All in all, I was frightened to death. I promised not to read such stories any more especially before going to bed.

昨晚我读了一个可怕的故事, 把我吓得睡不着。到故事的结尾, 我真的吓坏了。总之, 我被吓死了。我保证以后不再看这类故事了, 尤其是在睡觉前。

8. out of danger 脱离危险

*(经典例句)They were out of danger soon after taking the medicine.

他们吃药不久后就脱离了危险。

【词块积累】

in danger 　　　　处于危险之中

in danger of 处于……的危险之中

put. . . in danger  将……置于危险之中

 (1)You are so kind-hearted that you always give me a hand when I am in danger.  

你心肠真好, 总是在我危险时帮助我。

(2)You are in danger of catching a cold if you don’t take any medicine.  

如果你不吃药的话, 就有感冒的危险。

(3)No doubt,  if we ignore the problem,  we will be put in danger.  

毋庸置疑, 如果我们忽视这个问题, 我们将会置于危险之中。

9. warn. . . against 警告某人不要做……

*(教材原句)They have also warned them against using such extreme methods.

他们还警告他们不要使用这种极端方法。

【词块积累】

 (1)warn sb. against=warn sb. not to do sth.

　　　　　　　　　　　　警告某人不要做某事

warn sb. of sth.  警告某人某事

warn sb. that. . .  警告某人……

(2)warning n. 警告, 警示

 (1)They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone.  

他们警告他独自航行危险重重。

(2)(2019•天津高考)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.  

教授警告学生在他的课上决不允许使用手机。

(3)They were warned not to climb the mountain in such bad weather.  

他们被警告不要在这么糟糕的天气去爬那座山。

　　　　　　　【知识延伸】与warn sb. of sth. 结构相同的短语
remind sb. of sth. 　　　　提醒某人某事
inform sb. of sth.  通知某人某事
convince sb. of sth.  使某人相信某事
rob sb. of sth.  抢走某人某物
accuse sb. of sth.  指控某人某事
suspect sb. of sth.  怀疑某人某事

　　　　　　【补偿训练】(1)You remind me of your father when you say that.

你说这样的话, 使我想起了你的父亲。

(2)The tomb had been robbed of its treasures.  

这座坟墓里的财宝已被盗走。

(3)Please inform us of any change of address.

地址若有变动请通知我们。

【小词汇·大文化】

One thorn of experience is worth a whole wilderness of warning. 一次痛苦的经验抵得上千百次的告诫。

10. take in摄入, 吸收

*(2020·天津高考)It should be taken in colour and must not have been beautified with image filters (滤光镜).

它应该是彩色的, 不能用图像滤光镜美化。

【导图理词】

(1)Plants certainly need to take in plenty of water.  

植物肯定需要吸收大量水分。

(2)She had taken in the grey dress so that it fit well.  

她把那件灰色连衣裙改小了, 这样正好合身。

(3)I could hardly take in what the old man said.   

我几乎听不懂那位老人说的话。

　　　　　　【知识延伸】

take off 　　　　(飞机)起飞; 脱下; 取消; 请假

take on  雇用; 呈现; 承担(责任)

take up  占据; 从事

take over  接任, 接管

take back  收回

take down  写下, 记下

　　　　　　【补偿训练】用适当的介、副词填空

(1)I’m sorry.  I take back what I said.

(2)I didn’t take down his phone number.

(3)Her face took on a new expression. 

(4)Would you like me to take over the driving for a while? 

(5)For a long time I had wanted to take up writing.

11. energetic adj.  精力充沛的, 充满活力的

*(2020·江苏高考)Humor can make one energetic in his work,  study,  and life.

幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中充满活力。

【词块积累】

energy 　　　　　　n. 能量; 精力; 活力

full of energy 精力充沛的, 充满活力的

(1)After swimming,  I am always full of energy and work more efficiently.   

我游泳之后总是精力充沛, 工作效率更高。

(2)It makes me feel fresh and energetic throughout the whole day.  

这让我一整天都觉得很清爽、精神, 充满活力。

(3)Among the four seasons in a year,  summer is my favorite,  which makes me free,  excited and full of energy/energetic.  

在一年四季中, 我最喜欢夏季, 它使我自由、兴奋、充满活力。

12. pressure n. 压力, 心理压力, 紧张, 要求, 催促

*(经典例句)In order to release the pressure resulting from our study,  I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend.

为了释放学习带来的压力, 上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。

【词块积累】

under pressure 　　　　　　在压力下

under the pressure of  在……的压力下

put pressure on/upon  对(某人)施加压力

 relieve / ease the pressure 缓解压力

 cope with / deal with / handle the pressure

 应对压力

(1)He put too much pressure on the door handle and it snapped.  

他用力过猛, 把门把手弄断了。

(2)Some people can only operate well under pressure.  

有些人只有在压力下才工作得好。

(3)You had better open your mouth to relieve the pressure on your eardrums.  

你最好张开嘴以减轻耳膜所受的压力。

(4)If you can’t handle the pressure, people are going to walk all over you!   

如果你不能处理压力, 其他人就会超过你!

【览时事·晓天下】

1. The hosting of the third China International Import Expo demonstrates the country’s sincere desire to share its market opportunities with the world and contribute to global economic recovery.

举办第三届中国国际进口博览会, 表达了中国愿与世界分享市场机遇、为世界经济复苏作出贡献的真诚愿望。

2. Wuhan study proves that COVID-19 antibodies can prevent reinfection for at least 9 months.

武汉的研究证明, 新冠肺炎抗体至少能在9个月内防止再感染。

3. The basic healthcare plan reimburses 60 percent of medical bills on average. When coupled with other preferential policies toward poor farmers-such as subsidies for high blood pressure and diabetes medicines-the rate can reach about 80 percent.

基本医保的平均报销比例为60%, 在此基础上, 高血压、糖尿病用药对贫困农民实行保险优惠政策, 住院总体报销比例可以达80%。

4. China will actively and prudently advance the COVID-19 vaccination of people over 60 and those who have chronic disease,  based on the effectiveness of its mass vaccination campaign.

中国将结合疫苗在大规模人群中的使用效果, 积极稳妥推进60岁以上人群和慢性病患者的疫苗接种工作。

5. Some parents believe that too much exposure to electronic devices may harm their children’s eyesight,  while others are concerned that children will be rely more on such products than their own thinking.

一些家长认为过度接触电子设备会损害孩子的视力, 而另一些家长则担心孩子会过度依赖电子产品而不自己思考。

Ⅰ. 单词拼写

1. Her daughter started skipping(不参加)school due to the bad performance in the exam.

2. I felt the pressure (压力)on me,  and winning was such a big deal for the whole family.

3. He is such an energetic (精力充沛的)man that he never feels stressed.

4. Thanks to recent research, effective(有效的) treatments are available.

5. The function(功能) of the ear is to listen.

6. Vegetables are generally very low in calories,  very high in fiber,  and full of nutrition(营养).

7. His family then moved to a slightly(稍微) larger house.

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. You need money and time;  in addition,  you should be hardworking.

2. Miriam was too frightened(frighten) to tell her family what had happened.

3. She wanted no chocolate because she was on a diet.

4. He is gathering evidence concerning(concern) a murder.

5. I got in touch with him immediately(immediate)after I received the letter.

6. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration(concentrate) of phytoplankton.

7. They are extremely(extreme) important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.

8. Rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbits in the US.

9. He got into shape by working out at the gym.

10. Some students found it hard to take in what their teacher had taught, so they asked him to explain it again.

Ⅲ. 完成句子

1. I feel as though I’m going to pass out.  

我感觉要昏倒似的。

2. My cousin must have made an effort to get into shape.  

我的表兄一定下了大力气去保持体形。

3. During the three days Tom was deeply concerned about his grandpa’s condition and hungry for news of it.  

三天来, 汤姆非常关心他爷爷的情况, 渴望得到消息。

4. The point of eating is to take in usable energy.  

吃东西最主要就是为了摄入可用的能量。

5. She tells me that I’ll feel better about myself if I slim down.  

她告诉我说, 如果我减肥了, 就会感觉舒服得多。

Ⅳ. 结合课文主题, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文

　　健康比任何东西都重要(nothing is more important than)。首先, 我们要保持健康、均衡的饮食(diet), 这样我们可以从中吸收(take in)足够的营养(nutrition)。其次, 我们最好每天锻炼身体, 因为这可以缓解我们的压力(relieve pressure), 还能让我们保持体形(get into shape)、精力充沛(energetic)。此外, 我们必须摆脱(get rid of)一些坏习惯, 如饮酒和吸烟。

Nothing is more important than keeping healthy.  Firstly,  we should stick to a healthy,  balanced diet so that we can take in enough nutrition.  Secondly,  we had better do some physical exercise every day,  because it can relieve our pressure,  help us get into shape and keep energetic.  Besides,  we must get rid of some bad habits,  such as drinking alcohol and smoking.