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2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮复习外研新课改省份专用讲义：选修8Module2TheRenaissance
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Module 2 The Renaissance
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．frontier n． 新领域
2．anecdote n. 趣闻，轶事
3．spokesman n. 发言人；代言人
4．burglar n. 窃贼，小偷
5．antique adj. 古时制造的，古董的
6．basement n. 地下室；地下层
7．courtyard n. 庭院，院子
8．parcel n. (小)包裹
9．circulate v. 流传；传播
10．tentative adj. 不确定的；试探性的
11．substitute n. 代替物；代替品
12．outcome n. 结果；后果
13．manuscript n. 底稿；手稿
14．passion n. 激情，热爱
15．squeeze v. 榨出；挤出；压出(液体)
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．dull adj. 枯燥的；沉闷的
2．subject n. (绘画，摄影等的)主题
3．overnight adj. 持续整夜的
4．passerby n. (过)路人
5．flee v. 逃跑，逃掉
6．behalf n. 方面；利益
7．fundamental adj. 根本的；基本的
8．merely adv. 仅仅；只不过
9．blame n. (对错事或坏事应负的)责任
10．rural adj. 农村的，乡村的
11．loss n. 丢失；丧失
12．chief adj. 最重要的；首要的
13．drawback n. 不利因素
14．superb adj. 极好的；超级的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.被打扰的；不安的；心理失常的→disturb v．打扰；扰乱；使不安
2．basically adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来→basic adj.基本/基础的；初级的→base n．基础 v．以……为基础
3．effect n．效果；作用→effective adj.有效的；实际的
4．motivate v．激发/励→motivation n．动机；刺激；推动
5．skilled adj.有技巧的，熟练的→skill n．技能；技巧→skillful adj.灵巧的
6．appeal v．恳求；呼吁→appealing adj.有吸引力的
7．suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子 v．怀疑→suspicious adj.可疑的
8．gifted adj.有天赋/才华的→gift n．天赋/才；礼物
9．inspire v．鼓舞，激励→inspiration n．灵感；启示；鼓舞
10．profession n．职业→professional adj.专业/职业的→professor n．教授
[语境活用]
1．The expert said relievers are a safe and effective medicine and have very few side effects on your body.(effect)
2．Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life and it is generally accepted that people are motivated by success.(motivate)
3．The disturbing news made people present at the meeting disturbed.(disturb)
4．Basically,_his income only meets basic living expenses.So he only chooses a simple lifestyle based on his limited salary.(base)
5．The police suspected that two of the suspects caught yesterday were connected with another case.They were more suspicious.(suspect)
6．Even if you are a gifted man, you should not take your gift for granted.Make full use of it and you'll succeed.(gift)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.depend_on 依靠/赖；取决于(条件、情况)
2．in_history 历史上
3．leave_for 出发去某地
4．leave_sth.behind 把……抛在后面
5．on_behalf_of 代表……
6．get_tired_of_doing_sth. 厌倦/烦做某事
7．at_liberty 获得自由的
8．up_to 到(某个数量)
9．lead_to 导致，通向，通往
10．take_up 从事，开始做(某项工作)；占据
1.When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
2．If you ask the fastest runner to make the pace, then most of them will be left_behind.
3．On_behalf_of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
4．Longtime exposure to air pollution can lead_to physical changes in the brain.
5．The task was so severe that it took_up a lot of their time.
6．He finished the task ahead of time and his income totaled up_to 10,000 dollars this month.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.
它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表作，这种风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。
Sb./Sth.is believed to be/do ...“某人/某事被认为是/做……”。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 剪纸被认为有1 500多年的历史。
Papercutting is_believed_to_have a history of more than 1,500 years.
2.Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light ...
画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果……
“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语。
读了说明书后，我知道了如何使用手机上的应用程序。
After reading the instructions, I know how_to_use the apps in the cellphone.
3.So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from where you started.
那么你有可能沿街走了半个小时左右，结果离你出发的地点实际仅有五分钟的路程。
where引导的从句作介词from的宾语。
让我们从上次停的地方继续讲故事吧。
Let's go on with our story from_where_we_stopped_last_time.
二、课堂重点深化
1．effect n．效果；作用；影响
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.
②The law of celebrating the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival has come into effect all over the country.
③Though side effects (effect) from aspirin are not common, they can occur.
[系统归纳]
(1)have an effect on 对……有影响
bring/put ...into effect 使……生效
come into effect 开始生效/实施
take effect 见效，生效，实施
in effect 实际上；事实上
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的
(3)affect v. 影响
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(affect/effect)
④The teacher's encouragement has a positive effect on the students.
⑤Smoking too much will affect your health greatly.
佳句时时写
⑥我过去常常尝试一些有效的方法以实现我的学业目标。
I used_to_try_some_effective_methods to achieve my academic goals.
2．seek v．(sought, sought)寻求；寻找；追求；探索；试图
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We seek to_find (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.
②He was in trouble and sought (seek) the help of a private lawyer.
[系统归纳]
seek out 挑选出；找出
seek to do sth. 试图/争取做某事
seek after sth. 追寻某物
hideandseek 捉迷藏；躲猫猫
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③(2015·湖北高考写作)从这次经历中，我知道了质疑可以成为帮助我们探寻真理的桥梁。
From this experience, I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.
僻义牢牢记
④The United States will introduce a new exam for students who seek to study in America.试图
3．blame n．(对错事或坏事应负的)责任；过失v.责备；谴责；把……归咎于
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He is thought to have acted foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to_blame (blame) for losing the job.
②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
[系统归纳]
(1)blame ...for ... 因……而责备……
blame ...on ... 把……归咎于……
be to blame (for ...) (因……)应受责备；(对……)应负责任
(2)take/accept the blame (for) (为……) 承担责任
lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb. (把某事)归咎于某人
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③一些学生因他们对待别人不礼貌和粗鲁的态度而应该受到责备。
Some students are_to_blame_for their impolite and rude attitude toward others.
4．inspire v．鼓舞，激励，鼓励，激发
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①His speech was inspiring (inspire) and touched everyone's heart.
②The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations (inspire) for great inventions.
[系统归纳]
(1)inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sb.with sth.＝inspire sth.in sb. 以……激励某人；激起某人的……
(2)inspired adj. 品质优秀的；能力卓越的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
inspiration n. 鼓舞；启示；灵感
[重点强化]
佳句时时写(句型转换)
③His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.
→His encouraging remarks inspired_me_with_confidence.
1．depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I know we can depend on her to_deal/dealing (deal) with the tough situation.
②Don't worry.You can depend on it that he'll turn up on time.He always keeps his promise.
[系统归纳]
depend on sb.to do sth.＝depend on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on sb.for sth. 指望/依赖某人得到某物
depend on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……
It (just/all) depends. 视情况而定。
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③依赖快餐可能会导致一个人遭受缺乏营养的痛苦。
Depending_on_fast_food may cause a person to suffer from lack of nutrition.
2．leave sth.behind把……抛在后面；遗留
[系统归纳]
leave alone 不打扰；不干涉；不管；不理
leave for 动身去某地
leave off 停止；中断
leave aside 不考虑；忽视；搁在一边
leave out 遗漏，省略，删去，不考虑
leave ...to ... 把……交由……处理
[重点强化]
用适当的介、副词填空
①The editors decided to leave out this chapter to make the book shorter.
②I met Professor Green in the street the other day and he told me he would soon leave for Britain.
佳句时时写
③你要是不努力学习，就会落在别人后面。
If you don't study hard, you'll_be_left_behind.
3．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
[教材原句] Painters discovered how_to_use perspective and the effects of light ...
[自主体验]
①When_and_where_to_hold_the_meeting remains to be discussed further.
何时何地举行会议有待于进一步讨论。
②They always told me what_to_do_and_how_to_do_it.
他们总是告诉我该做什么以及怎么做。
③The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble.
→The boy is too young to know what_he_should_do when in trouble.
[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(who, what, which)和疑问副词(when, where, how)。
(2)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可转换为从句。
注意
事项
(1)在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
(2)按英语习惯，疑问词why后面通常不接不定式。但在以why或why not 开头的省略疑问句中，其后可跟不带to 的不定式。
[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
②(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考书面表达)With their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“绘画”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——绘画
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①art ②artist ③shade ④paint
⑤special ⑥feeling ⑦attempt ⑧figure
⑨controversial
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①studio n． 画室 ②selfportrait n. 自画像
③sketch n. 草图；素描 ④gallery n. 画廊
⑤impact n. 冲击；影响 ⑥creative adj. 有创造力的
⑦vivid adj. 生动的；逼真的 ⑧religious adj. 宗教的
⑨feature v. 以……为特色 ⑩classic adj. 古典的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①art museum 艺术博物馆
②a collection of ……的收藏品
③sense of beauty 美感
④enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎
⑤range from ...to ... 从……到……不等
⑥be located in 坐落在……
⑦visual impacts 视觉冲击
⑧contemporary civilization 当代文明
⑨such as 比如
⑩focus on 集中于
(四)写作佳句背一背
①The first thing I would like to tell you is that it was constructed in the Ming Dynasty.
②It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
读后续写情节发展合理化
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Walking up to the ringing phone, I looked at my clock. Midnight. Panicky thoughts filled my sleepy mind as I grabbed the receiver.
“Hello？” My heart pounded.
“Mama？” The voice answered. My thoughts immediately went to my_daughter.
When I heard the sound of a young crying_voice,_I grabbed my_husband.
“Mama, I know it's late. But don't say anything until I finish. And before you ask, yes, I've been drinking. I nearly ran off the road a few miles back and ...”
I took a sharp breath,_released my husband, and pressed my hand against my forehead (额头). Something wasn't right.
“ And I got so scared. I want to come home. I know running away was wrong. I should have called you days ago but I was afraid ... ”
I tried to talk: “I think ...”
“No! Please let me finish！” She said, desperately. Before I could go on, she continued. “I'm pregnant (怀孕的), Mama. I know I shouldn't be drinking ... but I'm scared, Mama.”
I bit into my lip (嘴唇), feeling my eyes filled with tears. My husband left the room, and returned seconds later with a cellphone against his ear.
She asked, “Are you still there? Please don't hang up on me! I feel so lonely.”
I held the phone. “I'm here. I wouldn't hang up，” I said.
“I should have told you, Mama. But when we talk, you just keep telling me what I should do. You read all those pamphlets (手册) on how to talk to kids,_but all you do is talk. You don't listen to me. Because you're my mother,_you think you have all the answers. But sometimes I don't need answers. I just want someone to listen.”
I stared at the howtotalktoyourkids pamphlets on my nightstand (床头柜)．“ I'm listening，” I whispered.
Then she said she had called a taxi. When the taxi arrived, she hung up.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I went to my 16yearold daughter's room.
Paragraph 2：
I looked at our sleeping daughter.
[写作步骤]
第一步：速读全文
文本大意：作者接到了一个电话，电话中的女孩错把作者当成自己的妈妈，女孩跟作者说的一些话触动了作者的心灵。
叙述意图：文章告诉我们要学会倾听。
第二步：细读全文
1．所给短文情景模式分析。
who
I, a young girl, my daughter, my husband
what
A young girl mistook the author for her mother and called to tell the author to learn to listen to her.
when
midnight
where
at home
why
The girl ran away from home and felt lonely. She wanted her mother to listen to her.
2．对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。
★人物：my daughter, my husband, kid, mother
★事件：crying voice, wrong
★动作与心理描写：breath, call, return, listen
第三步：精心谋篇
1．Paragraph 1：I went to my 16yearold daughter's room. 我去了我16岁女儿的房间。
[情节分析] 根据前文“电话中的女孩错把作者当成自己的妈妈，女孩跟作者说的一些话触动了作者的心灵”这一故事情节，并结合“I went to my 16yearold daughter's room.”这一开头语，合理想象作者去女儿卧室后发生的事情和相应的心理活动。进入卧室发现女儿在熟睡，结合全文主题“倾听”，可知夫妻二人会从中得到启发，要学会倾听。
2．Paragraph 2：I looked at our sleeping daughter.
我看着我们熟睡的女儿。
[情节分析] 根据段首句可知，此处作者应该先叙述女儿现在睡觉的情况，她面带微笑地睡着了，她不知道发生了什么事，她不知道她妈妈刚刚学到了一些重要的东西。最后要回归主题——学会倾听。
第四步：初写成文
Paragraph 1：
1．我丈夫从后面过来。
My husband came from_behind.
2．我女儿静静地睡着。
My daughter was_sleeping_quietly.
3．我看着我的丈夫，他也看着我。
I looked at my husband, and he was also looking_at me.
4．“我们必须学会倾听，”我对他说。
“We have to learn_to_listen，” I said to him.
5．他打量了我一会儿，然后问道：“你认为她会知道她打错电话了吗？”
He studied me for a second, and then asked, “Do you think she will ever know that she dialed_the_wrong_number？”
Paragraph 2：
6．她面带微笑地睡着。
She was sleeping and there was a smile on_her_face.
7．也许她正在做一个好梦。
Maybe she was having a_nice_dream.
8．她不知道发生了什么事。
She didn't know what_had_happened.
9．她不知道她妈妈刚刚学到了一些重要的东西。
She didn't know her mother had learned something_important just now.
10．告诉孩子们该做什么是必要的，但更重要的是要听他们说。
It's necessary to tell children what to do, but it's_more_important to listen to them.
11．我在那里站了一会儿，想了整件事情。
I stood_there_for_a_while and thought about the whole thing.
12．我回头看了看我的丈夫，对他说：“也许这不是一个错的号码。”
I looked_back_at my husband and said to him, “Maybe it wasn't such a wrong number.”
第五步：润色升级
1．用with复合结构改写要点6。
She_was_sleeping_with_a_smile_on_her_face.
2．用同源宾语结构改写要点7。
Maybe_she_was_dreaming_a_nice_dream.
3．用分词作状语改写要点11。
I_stood_there_for_a_while,_thinking_about_the_whole_thing.
第六步：复查定稿
Paragraph 1：
I went to my 16yearold daughter's room.My_husband came from behind. My_daughter was sleeping quietly. I looked at my husband, and he was also looking at me. “We have to learn to listen，” I said to him. He studied me for a second, and then asked, “Do you think she will ever know that she dialed the wrong number？”
Paragraph 2：
I looked at our sleeping daughter. She was sleeping with a smile on her face. Maybe she was dreaming a nice dream. She didn't know what had happened. She didn't know her mother had learned something important just now. It's necessary to tell children what to do, but it's more important to listen to them. I stood there for a while, thinking about the whole thing. Then I looked back at my husband and said to him, “Maybe it wasn't such a wrong number.”
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A skilled (熟练的) worker can perform the task easily.
2．The noisy, busy life of the city has never appealed (吸引) to me.
3．A dozen ideas were considered before the chief (首要的) architect decided on the design of the building.
4．There is no doubt that online learning has drawbacks (不利因素) as well.
5．My grandpa has a great passion (热爱) for classical music.
6．The advertisement didn't have much effect (作用) on sales.
7．Your support has always given me added inspiration and motivation (动机)．
8．The loss (丢失) of her purse caused her much inconvenience.
9．We use games to inspire (激励) children to read and write for pleasure.
10．Lucy was awarded first prize for her superb (极好的) performance on the stage.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．As a ❶gifted (gift) student, Li Mei participated in the provincial drawing contest ❷on behalf of our school.One of the ❸subjects (subject) showed in her work was ❹to_seek (seek) the beauty of farmers in rural areas.
2．I get ❶tired (tire) of the abstract paintings.It's just ❷merely (mere) because they can't arouse my passion ❸for arts.What really ❹appeals (appeal) to me is that the ❺anecdotes (anecdote) of the artists, which, I think, motivate me to take ❻up writing as my ❼profession (professor) in the future.
3．My uncle is an ❶official (office) in the government.He is busy visiting the mills ❷that produce presses.❸Basically (basic) speaking, he has no time to think about where ❹to_spend (spend) his holidays. So he has to leave his holidays ❺behind.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．此外，我们应该学习如何与他人好好相处。(“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语)
In addition, we should learn_how_to_get_along_well_with_others.
2．城堡里的很多画被认为是在一场火灾中被毁掉的。(be believed to do)
A number of paintings in this castle are_believed_to_have_been_destroyed in a fire.
3．他爬上寺庙顶上，从那儿除了树他看不到别的东西。(from where)
He climbed up to the top of the temple, from_where_he_could_see_nothing_but_trees.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
A hidden portrait underneath the “Mona Lisa” has been discovered by a French scientist, who said he uncovered the image using ❶reflective (reflect) light technology.The digitally reconstructed image of the hidden portrait ❷was_presented (present) at a press conference by scientist Pascal Cotte, who's been analyzing the Leonardo da Vinci's ❸masterpiece (代表作) for over a decade.Cotte said he uncovered the image using a camera that took ❹images (image) of the painting under intense light.
The hidden portrait showed a ❺sitting (sit) figure that looks almost the same as the “Mona Lisa.” There are small but great ❻differences (different)．The sitter in the image appears to be looking to the side rather than ❼directly (direct) at the viewer, and the sitter does not seem to have the smile that ❽has_attracted (attract) “Mona Lisa” viewers for over 500 years.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
exception， object， technique， individual， meet， surroundings， realize， natural， twopoint， artist
In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the ❶individual person and his or her possessions and ❷surroundings.A flat medieval style couldn't show this level of reality and the artists needed a new ❸technique.It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing.At first the ❹artists of the Renaissance only had a singlepoint perspective.Later they ❺realized that they could have twopoint perspective and still later multipoint perspective.
With ❻twopoint perspective they could turn an ❼object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it.The technique of perspective which seems so ❽natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “grammar of painting”．Like all bits of grammar there are ❾exceptions about perspective.For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level.Sloping roof tops don't ❿meet on eye level.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·江苏高考)Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated (motivate) after one or two nights.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled (skill) workers also combine various hardwoods and metal to create special designs.
3．(2015·浙江高考)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.
4．(2015·四川高考)Brian is gifted (gift) in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
5．(2013·天津高考)If you want to discuss freely without disturbing (disturb) others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor.
6．(2011·江苏高考)The act of apology is carried out not merely (mere) at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution.
7．(2010·重庆高考)This finally inspired (inspire) his famous work, On the Origin of Species.
8．(2009·江苏高考)The mouse is a most effective (effect) device used by people to communicate with a computer.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用basically, inspire, leave for填空)
1．(2013·四川高考完形填空)For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who'd been through something similar.So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party, __28__ by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars.It felt amazing not having to hide away behind my scarf.inspired
2．(2009·辽宁高考完形填空)When he arrived at his father's house, he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week.The moment he was about to __47__ the hospital，he saw on the desk the still new book, just as he had left it one year ago.leave_for
3．(2009·广东高考完形填空)To make sure that he was remembered with love and respect, Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great contributions to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences.So __30__， Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.basically
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：艺术是一种很重要、很普遍的文化形式，有着非常复杂而丰富的内容，与人的实际生活密切相关。艺术作为一种精神产品，具有无限发展的趋势，并在整个社会产品中占有越来越大的比重。高考围绕此话题进行命题，旨在展现艺术的魅力和影响，让考生在欣赏艺术作品的同时提高艺术修养。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1]Many parents wonder why their children should study art.To some, art is nice but useless.They consider it unnecessary to human existence.To others, art is important and meets some human needs that can't be met any other way.
[2]So what is the purpose of art?
[3]The earliest art — cave drawings and the like — certainly had some important purposes.This type of art was a record of events, a means of sharing stories, and a way to pass on information.People created primitive (原始的) art to show the world around them — pictures were usually of animals, birds, plants, and humans in scenes of daily life, especially hunting.
[4]In recent centuries, art has become more complicated.The spoken and written words have become our major means of communication, so art can be more than just a chronicle of historic events or a way to share stories, although it still can be those things as well.
[5]Through art, artists share their feelings in a way that brings on something from the viewers.The feelings one experiences when viewing art may be pleasing or not.The artist is trying to express something; it's up to you to figure out what that is.Art is a conversation between you and the artist; they put themselves into their works, and you bring yourself to your explanation of them. Because of the feelings that art can bring on — feelings that usually cannot be brought on by other means — art is necessary to human existence.Art meets our needs for selfexpression, communication, and our desire for connection with other humans across centuries and cultures.
[6]Now, we can conclude that art is very important.Since it is important, kids should learn it.
语篇解读：作者认为艺术很重要，儿童应该学习艺术。
1．What do we know about the primitive art?
A．It didn't have any important purposes.
B．It was mainly about people's daily life.
C．It was created mainly to entertain people.
D．It was meant to help people understand the world.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第三段的“People created primitive (原始的) art to show the world around them — pictures were usually of animals, birds, plants, and humans in scenes of daily life, especially hunting.”可知，艺术一开始主要是关于人们的日常生活的。
2．What does the underlined word “chronicle” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Tool. B．Mirror.
C．Guide. D．Record.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。第三段说艺术一开始主要是用来记录生活的，第四段指出后来艺术变得更为复杂了，不再仅仅是对历史事件的“记录”了。
3．Paragraph 5 mainly shows art's use of ________.
A．making a living B．explaining problems
C．exchanging feelings D．storing information
解析：选C 段落大意题。第五段主要说明艺术的情感交流方面的作用。
4．The text is meant to show that ________.
A．kids love art for a reason
B．children should study art
C．art is very important to humans
D．art is used for different purposes
解析：选B 主旨大意题。由第一段的“Many parents wonder why their children should study art.”和最后一段可知，作者主要通过阐述艺术的重要性来表明儿童应该学习艺术。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
主旨大意技法(6)——利用正确选项的三大特征解题
①涵盖性强，覆盖全文。
②确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
③精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
以上文第4题为例：文章开头提出话题——许多父母想知道他们的孩子为什么要学习艺术；接着文章阐述了从古至今艺术的用途；最后一段得出结论，即艺术是重要的。因为艺术重要，所以儿童应该学习艺术。B项概括全面、准确。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Renaissance is a French word. It means “rebirth”．It's a strange name for a period of history. What was it that was “reborn” during the Renaissance?
To answer this question, we need to look back at the time of the Roman Empire. At this time Roman artists, scientists and writers influenced by Greek ideas were the world's most advanced. They had become skilled observers of the natural world around them, and had become experts in studying animals, plants, the human body or the stars and planets. They wrote down their ideas about what they saw, and based their theories about the world on their observations.
During the fourth and fifth centuries the Roman Empire slowly broke down. Many of the Romans' art and sculptures were destroyed and some manuscripts (原稿) were lost as well. But most importantly, some of the ancient attitudes were lost. A questioning approach to the world was replaced by an unquestioning one.
Why did this happen? One reason was to do with the influence of the Christian Church. Through the thousand years following the fall of the Roman Empire, the Church controlled many aspects of life including education and learning. The Church ran all the universities and thought that the aim of a university should be to teach old ideas more clearly, not to introduce new ones. The scholars in the universities were expected to study God and heaven from the Bible and ancient books, rather than the world around them.
Take medicine for example. The main textbook for doctors had been written by a Greek doctor called Galen more than a thousand years earlier. But when Roger Bacon, a thirteenthcentury priest (牧师), said that a new approach to medicine was needed — doctors should do their own original research instead of reading writers from the past such as Galen — the Church put him in prison
By the time of the fourteenth century, however, some parts of the Christian Church were becoming less strict about their ideas and there was a new state of mind among artists, doctors and scientists. People wanted to find out more about the world by studying it. This attitude of investigation had been common in classical scholars, and it was “reborn” during the Renaissance.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“文艺复兴”一词来源于法语，意为“重生”，那么在文艺复兴时期重生的是什么呢？本文给出了答案。
1．We know from the text that scientists at the time of the Roman Empire believed in ________.
A．their companions' observations
B．what they saw with their own eyes
C．what they learned from the Greeks
D．the most advanced theories at that time
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“skilled observers”及“They wrote down their ideas about what they saw, and based their theories about the world on their observations.”可知，罗马帝国时期的科学家们善于观察，他们相信自己看到的，并基于自己的观察建立理论。
2．We can infer that students in the Churchcontrolled universities might ________.
A．have good memories B．change their beliefs
C．be lacking in creativity D．be interested in astronomy
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the aim of a university should be to teach old ideas more clearly, not to introduce new ones ... study God and heaven from the Bible and ancient books, rather than the world around them”可知，在教会控制下的大学里，学生们只是机械地学习已有的知识，不去探究周围的世界，这样教育出来的学生必然缺乏创造力。
3．Roger Bacon was put in prison because he ________.
A．gave up being a priest
B．challenged the Church
C．did some research secretly
D．showed no respect for Galen
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，在教会的影响下，当时主要使用的医学教科书是一千多年前盖伦写的。罗杰·培根对此提出了反对意见，他认为医生应该自己做研究，而不是阅读过去某个人写的著作。正是因为罗杰·培根提出了与教会倡导相悖的意见，所以他被关进了监狱。
4．The text probably comes from a book about ________.
A．medicine B．history
C．religion D．education
解析：选B 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文回答了“在文艺复兴时期重生的是什么”的问题。有关文艺复兴的话题属于历史的范畴，故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Being a good parent means helping your kids acquire healthy habits and drop the bad ones. To help you along, we have created a list of things you should teach your child.
__1__
We never feel like a failure when we have friends who can help us get through life's darkest moments. Therefore, teaching your children how to make genuine (真诚的) friends and what it means to be a good friend themselves is truly a blessing.__2__.And then encourage them to make friends with kids of their age.
Honesty
And finally, we come to honesty. Teach your children how to be true to themselves, their friends, and to you.__3__. This is because a lie is always found out in the end. To be happy and satisfied, they have to be real and true to what they believe in.
Eat healthy food
By feeding them healthy products, you will increase their energy and promote better wellbeing. Some families are successful in getting their children to eat healthily by not introducing junk foods into their diet at all and letting children understand the benefits of healthy eating.__4__.
Being positive
__5__. Try to cheer your children up even when things are not going as well as you would want them to. You can always find a bright side and encourage your whole family.
A．Healthy eating
B．Being a good friend
C．Don't be a negative person
D．Taking care of your health is vital
E．First, be a good friend to your kids
F．Help them understand that lying or pretending never works
G．Also, it might be easier if you make eating healthy into a fun activity
1．选B 此处是本段的主题句。根据本段首句中的“... we have friends ...”可知，本段与交朋友有关。故选B项。
2．选E 根据下文的“And then encourage them to make friends with kids of their age.”可知，E项与下文内容衔接。
3．选F 根据该段的标题“Honesty”，以及下一句“This is because a lie is always found out in the end.”可知，F项“谎言或假装不会起作用”与本段主题一致。
4．选G 本段的主题是“吃健康的食物”，而G项与“吃健康的食物”相关，符合语境。
5．选C 根据本段主题“Being positive”可知，C项“不要做一个消极的人”与之内容衔接。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Once upon a time in my family, the Saturday after Thanksgiving was the start of our annual big tamale (玉米粽子)making party. We made them to share with friends and neighbors.
Preparation began with Daddy and the cleaning of the corn_husks (外壳). First he boiled them and left them in the water overnight. No husk passed inspection without being soft enough for folding. The next day, the rest of us got to work. My brothers and uncles were on hand for cleanup duty. And there was much to clean up as we women prepared the dough (生面团) made of corn. We also prepared the meat for the filling. The dough had to be spread evenly across the husk，and each tamale folded carefully so it would not split open during steaming.
According to the longstanding tradition — at least in my family — no one was allowed to leave the kitchen during the steaming. This could ruin the process. After all, no one wanted a bad tamale!
I thought the family tamalemaking party would go on forever, but to continue a family_tradition,_you needed to have family. Mine had changed forever. My father, two of my brothers and my uncle died in a short span of time. Mom and I spent months in a state of sad loss. At Christmas friends asked, “Are we going to get tamales this year？” Passing tamales out to friends was one of the great joys of the season, after all. But we couldn't face it. Eventually, as the years went by, people stopped asking.
One afternoon, just before Thanksgiving, my mother and I pushed an empty shopping cart through the supermarket. I rounded the corner into the next room and found her standing in front of a counter: packages of dough, bags of corn husks, dried spices — all the materials for a perfect tamale.“It's time，” Mom said. I knew she was right. We set aside a Saturday to spend in the kitchen, just the two of us, alone with our thoughts.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
When we laid everything out I fell into the old routine.
Paragraph 2：
My mother and I pronounced our tamalemaking a success, full of loving memories from the past and hopeful wishes for tomorrow.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
When we laid everything out I fell into the old routine. We were for cleanup duty ourselves as we went along. Of course Daddy wasn't there to deal with the corn_husks. They hadn't been cleaned; they hadn't been in the water. We lit a candle for our relatives in heaven and got to work filling and folding the tamales. Neither of us stepped out of the busy kitchen until the steaming was complete. By the end of the day, we had many beautiful tamales to share with our neighbors and friends.
Paragraph 2：
My mother and I pronounced our tamalemaking a success, full of loving memories from the past and hopeful wishes for tomorrow. You can be sure we are preparing for this year's tamales and our kitchen will be crowded once again. My grandniece wants to learn the family_tradition. Rule One：No one leaves the kitchen during the steaming! Life may change, but our family is forever bound together by love, memories and our favorite Thanksgiving dish.
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．frontier n． 新领域
2．anecdote n. 趣闻，轶事
3．spokesman n. 发言人；代言人
4．burglar n. 窃贼，小偷
5．antique adj. 古时制造的，古董的
6．basement n. 地下室；地下层
7．courtyard n. 庭院，院子
8．parcel n. (小)包裹
9．circulate v. 流传；传播
10．tentative adj. 不确定的；试探性的
11．substitute n. 代替物；代替品
12．outcome n. 结果；后果
13．manuscript n. 底稿；手稿
14．passion n. 激情，热爱
15．squeeze v. 榨出；挤出；压出(液体)
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．dull adj. 枯燥的；沉闷的
2．subject n. (绘画，摄影等的)主题
3．overnight adj. 持续整夜的
4．passerby n. (过)路人
5．flee v. 逃跑，逃掉
6．behalf n. 方面；利益
7．fundamental adj. 根本的；基本的
8．merely adv. 仅仅；只不过
9．blame n. (对错事或坏事应负的)责任
10．rural adj. 农村的，乡村的
11．loss n. 丢失；丧失
12．chief adj. 最重要的；首要的
13．drawback n. 不利因素
14．superb adj. 极好的；超级的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.被打扰的；不安的；心理失常的→disturb v．打扰；扰乱；使不安
2．basically adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来→basic adj.基本/基础的；初级的→base n．基础 v．以……为基础
3．effect n．效果；作用→effective adj.有效的；实际的
4．motivate v．激发/励→motivation n．动机；刺激；推动
5．skilled adj.有技巧的，熟练的→skill n．技能；技巧→skillful adj.灵巧的
6．appeal v．恳求；呼吁→appealing adj.有吸引力的
7．suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子 v．怀疑→suspicious adj.可疑的
8．gifted adj.有天赋/才华的→gift n．天赋/才；礼物
9．inspire v．鼓舞，激励→inspiration n．灵感；启示；鼓舞
10．profession n．职业→professional adj.专业/职业的→professor n．教授
[语境活用]
1．The expert said relievers are a safe and effective medicine and have very few side effects on your body.(effect)
2．Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life and it is generally accepted that people are motivated by success.(motivate)
3．The disturbing news made people present at the meeting disturbed.(disturb)
4．Basically,_his income only meets basic living expenses.So he only chooses a simple lifestyle based on his limited salary.(base)
5．The police suspected that two of the suspects caught yesterday were connected with another case.They were more suspicious.(suspect)
6．Even if you are a gifted man, you should not take your gift for granted.Make full use of it and you'll succeed.(gift)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.depend_on 依靠/赖；取决于(条件、情况)
2．in_history 历史上
3．leave_for 出发去某地
4．leave_sth.behind 把……抛在后面
5．on_behalf_of 代表……
6．get_tired_of_doing_sth. 厌倦/烦做某事
7．at_liberty 获得自由的
8．up_to 到(某个数量)
9．lead_to 导致，通向，通往
10．take_up 从事，开始做(某项工作)；占据
1.When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
2．If you ask the fastest runner to make the pace, then most of them will be left_behind.
3．On_behalf_of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
4．Longtime exposure to air pollution can lead_to physical changes in the brain.
5．The task was so severe that it took_up a lot of their time.
6．He finished the task ahead of time and his income totaled up_to 10,000 dollars this month.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.
它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表作，这种风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。
Sb./Sth.is believed to be/do ...“某人/某事被认为是/做……”。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 剪纸被认为有1 500多年的历史。
Papercutting is_believed_to_have a history of more than 1,500 years.
2.Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light ...
画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果……
“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语。
读了说明书后，我知道了如何使用手机上的应用程序。
After reading the instructions, I know how_to_use the apps in the cellphone.
3.So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from where you started.
那么你有可能沿街走了半个小时左右，结果离你出发的地点实际仅有五分钟的路程。
where引导的从句作介词from的宾语。
让我们从上次停的地方继续讲故事吧。
Let's go on with our story from_where_we_stopped_last_time.
二、课堂重点深化
1．effect n．效果；作用；影响
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.
②The law of celebrating the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival has come into effect all over the country.
③Though side effects (effect) from aspirin are not common, they can occur.
[系统归纳]
(1)have an effect on 对……有影响
bring/put ...into effect 使……生效
come into effect 开始生效/实施
take effect 见效，生效，实施
in effect 实际上；事实上
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的
(3)affect v. 影响
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(affect/effect)
④The teacher's encouragement has a positive effect on the students.
⑤Smoking too much will affect your health greatly.
佳句时时写
⑥我过去常常尝试一些有效的方法以实现我的学业目标。
I used_to_try_some_effective_methods to achieve my academic goals.
2．seek v．(sought, sought)寻求；寻找；追求；探索；试图
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We seek to_find (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.
②He was in trouble and sought (seek) the help of a private lawyer.
[系统归纳]
seek out 挑选出；找出
seek to do sth. 试图/争取做某事
seek after sth. 追寻某物
hideandseek 捉迷藏；躲猫猫
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③(2015·湖北高考写作)从这次经历中，我知道了质疑可以成为帮助我们探寻真理的桥梁。
From this experience, I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.
僻义牢牢记
④The United States will introduce a new exam for students who seek to study in America.试图
3．blame n．(对错事或坏事应负的)责任；过失v.责备；谴责；把……归咎于
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He is thought to have acted foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to_blame (blame) for losing the job.
②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
[系统归纳]
(1)blame ...for ... 因……而责备……
blame ...on ... 把……归咎于……
be to blame (for ...) (因……)应受责备；(对……)应负责任
(2)take/accept the blame (for) (为……) 承担责任
lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb. (把某事)归咎于某人
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③一些学生因他们对待别人不礼貌和粗鲁的态度而应该受到责备。
Some students are_to_blame_for their impolite and rude attitude toward others.
4．inspire v．鼓舞，激励，鼓励，激发
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①His speech was inspiring (inspire) and touched everyone's heart.
②The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations (inspire) for great inventions.
[系统归纳]
(1)inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sb.with sth.＝inspire sth.in sb. 以……激励某人；激起某人的……
(2)inspired adj. 品质优秀的；能力卓越的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
inspiration n. 鼓舞；启示；灵感
[重点强化]
佳句时时写(句型转换)
③His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.
→His encouraging remarks inspired_me_with_confidence.
1．depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I know we can depend on her to_deal/dealing (deal) with the tough situation.
②Don't worry.You can depend on it that he'll turn up on time.He always keeps his promise.
[系统归纳]
depend on sb.to do sth.＝depend on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on sb.for sth. 指望/依赖某人得到某物
depend on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……
It (just/all) depends. 视情况而定。
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③依赖快餐可能会导致一个人遭受缺乏营养的痛苦。
Depending_on_fast_food may cause a person to suffer from lack of nutrition.
2．leave sth.behind把……抛在后面；遗留
[系统归纳]
leave alone 不打扰；不干涉；不管；不理
leave for 动身去某地
leave off 停止；中断
leave aside 不考虑；忽视；搁在一边
leave out 遗漏，省略，删去，不考虑
leave ...to ... 把……交由……处理
[重点强化]
用适当的介、副词填空
①The editors decided to leave out this chapter to make the book shorter.
②I met Professor Green in the street the other day and he told me he would soon leave for Britain.
佳句时时写
③你要是不努力学习，就会落在别人后面。
If you don't study hard, you'll_be_left_behind.
3．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
[教材原句] Painters discovered how_to_use perspective and the effects of light ...
[自主体验]
①When_and_where_to_hold_the_meeting remains to be discussed further.
何时何地举行会议有待于进一步讨论。
②They always told me what_to_do_and_how_to_do_it.
他们总是告诉我该做什么以及怎么做。
③The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble.
→The boy is too young to know what_he_should_do when in trouble.
[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(who, what, which)和疑问副词(when, where, how)。
(2)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可转换为从句。
注意
事项
(1)在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
(2)按英语习惯，疑问词why后面通常不接不定式。但在以why或why not 开头的省略疑问句中，其后可跟不带to 的不定式。
[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
②(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考书面表达)With their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“绘画”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——绘画
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①art ②artist ③shade ④paint
⑤special ⑥feeling ⑦attempt ⑧figure
⑨controversial
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①studio n． 画室 ②selfportrait n. 自画像
③sketch n. 草图；素描 ④gallery n. 画廊
⑤impact n. 冲击；影响 ⑥creative adj. 有创造力的
⑦vivid adj. 生动的；逼真的 ⑧religious adj. 宗教的
⑨feature v. 以……为特色 ⑩classic adj. 古典的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①art museum 艺术博物馆
②a collection of ……的收藏品
③sense of beauty 美感
④enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎
⑤range from ...to ... 从……到……不等
⑥be located in 坐落在……
⑦visual impacts 视觉冲击
⑧contemporary civilization 当代文明
⑨such as 比如
⑩focus on 集中于
(四)写作佳句背一背
①The first thing I would like to tell you is that it was constructed in the Ming Dynasty.
②It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
读后续写情节发展合理化
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Walking up to the ringing phone, I looked at my clock. Midnight. Panicky thoughts filled my sleepy mind as I grabbed the receiver.
“Hello？” My heart pounded.
“Mama？” The voice answered. My thoughts immediately went to my_daughter.
When I heard the sound of a young crying_voice,_I grabbed my_husband.
“Mama, I know it's late. But don't say anything until I finish. And before you ask, yes, I've been drinking. I nearly ran off the road a few miles back and ...”
I took a sharp breath,_released my husband, and pressed my hand against my forehead (额头). Something wasn't right.
“ And I got so scared. I want to come home. I know running away was wrong. I should have called you days ago but I was afraid ... ”
I tried to talk: “I think ...”
“No! Please let me finish！” She said, desperately. Before I could go on, she continued. “I'm pregnant (怀孕的), Mama. I know I shouldn't be drinking ... but I'm scared, Mama.”
I bit into my lip (嘴唇), feeling my eyes filled with tears. My husband left the room, and returned seconds later with a cellphone against his ear.
She asked, “Are you still there? Please don't hang up on me! I feel so lonely.”
I held the phone. “I'm here. I wouldn't hang up，” I said.
“I should have told you, Mama. But when we talk, you just keep telling me what I should do. You read all those pamphlets (手册) on how to talk to kids,_but all you do is talk. You don't listen to me. Because you're my mother,_you think you have all the answers. But sometimes I don't need answers. I just want someone to listen.”
I stared at the howtotalktoyourkids pamphlets on my nightstand (床头柜)．“ I'm listening，” I whispered.
Then she said she had called a taxi. When the taxi arrived, she hung up.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I went to my 16yearold daughter's room.
Paragraph 2：
I looked at our sleeping daughter.
[写作步骤]
第一步：速读全文
文本大意：作者接到了一个电话，电话中的女孩错把作者当成自己的妈妈，女孩跟作者说的一些话触动了作者的心灵。
叙述意图：文章告诉我们要学会倾听。
第二步：细读全文
1．所给短文情景模式分析。
who
I, a young girl, my daughter, my husband
what
A young girl mistook the author for her mother and called to tell the author to learn to listen to her.
when
midnight
where
at home
why
The girl ran away from home and felt lonely. She wanted her mother to listen to her.
2．对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。
★人物：my daughter, my husband, kid, mother
★事件：crying voice, wrong
★动作与心理描写：breath, call, return, listen
第三步：精心谋篇
1．Paragraph 1：I went to my 16yearold daughter's room. 我去了我16岁女儿的房间。
[情节分析] 根据前文“电话中的女孩错把作者当成自己的妈妈，女孩跟作者说的一些话触动了作者的心灵”这一故事情节，并结合“I went to my 16yearold daughter's room.”这一开头语，合理想象作者去女儿卧室后发生的事情和相应的心理活动。进入卧室发现女儿在熟睡，结合全文主题“倾听”，可知夫妻二人会从中得到启发，要学会倾听。
2．Paragraph 2：I looked at our sleeping daughter.
我看着我们熟睡的女儿。
[情节分析] 根据段首句可知，此处作者应该先叙述女儿现在睡觉的情况，她面带微笑地睡着了，她不知道发生了什么事，她不知道她妈妈刚刚学到了一些重要的东西。最后要回归主题——学会倾听。
第四步：初写成文
Paragraph 1：
1．我丈夫从后面过来。
My husband came from_behind.
2．我女儿静静地睡着。
My daughter was_sleeping_quietly.
3．我看着我的丈夫，他也看着我。
I looked at my husband, and he was also looking_at me.
4．“我们必须学会倾听，”我对他说。
“We have to learn_to_listen，” I said to him.
5．他打量了我一会儿，然后问道：“你认为她会知道她打错电话了吗？”
He studied me for a second, and then asked, “Do you think she will ever know that she dialed_the_wrong_number？”
Paragraph 2：
6．她面带微笑地睡着。
She was sleeping and there was a smile on_her_face.
7．也许她正在做一个好梦。
Maybe she was having a_nice_dream.
8．她不知道发生了什么事。
She didn't know what_had_happened.
9．她不知道她妈妈刚刚学到了一些重要的东西。
She didn't know her mother had learned something_important just now.
10．告诉孩子们该做什么是必要的，但更重要的是要听他们说。
It's necessary to tell children what to do, but it's_more_important to listen to them.
11．我在那里站了一会儿，想了整件事情。
I stood_there_for_a_while and thought about the whole thing.
12．我回头看了看我的丈夫，对他说：“也许这不是一个错的号码。”
I looked_back_at my husband and said to him, “Maybe it wasn't such a wrong number.”
第五步：润色升级
1．用with复合结构改写要点6。
She_was_sleeping_with_a_smile_on_her_face.
2．用同源宾语结构改写要点7。
Maybe_she_was_dreaming_a_nice_dream.
3．用分词作状语改写要点11。
I_stood_there_for_a_while,_thinking_about_the_whole_thing.
第六步：复查定稿
Paragraph 1：
I went to my 16yearold daughter's room.My_husband came from behind. My_daughter was sleeping quietly. I looked at my husband, and he was also looking at me. “We have to learn to listen，” I said to him. He studied me for a second, and then asked, “Do you think she will ever know that she dialed the wrong number？”
Paragraph 2：
I looked at our sleeping daughter. She was sleeping with a smile on her face. Maybe she was dreaming a nice dream. She didn't know what had happened. She didn't know her mother had learned something important just now. It's necessary to tell children what to do, but it's more important to listen to them. I stood there for a while, thinking about the whole thing. Then I looked back at my husband and said to him, “Maybe it wasn't such a wrong number.”
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A skilled (熟练的) worker can perform the task easily.
2．The noisy, busy life of the city has never appealed (吸引) to me.
3．A dozen ideas were considered before the chief (首要的) architect decided on the design of the building.
4．There is no doubt that online learning has drawbacks (不利因素) as well.
5．My grandpa has a great passion (热爱) for classical music.
6．The advertisement didn't have much effect (作用) on sales.
7．Your support has always given me added inspiration and motivation (动机)．
8．The loss (丢失) of her purse caused her much inconvenience.
9．We use games to inspire (激励) children to read and write for pleasure.
10．Lucy was awarded first prize for her superb (极好的) performance on the stage.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．As a ❶gifted (gift) student, Li Mei participated in the provincial drawing contest ❷on behalf of our school.One of the ❸subjects (subject) showed in her work was ❹to_seek (seek) the beauty of farmers in rural areas.
2．I get ❶tired (tire) of the abstract paintings.It's just ❷merely (mere) because they can't arouse my passion ❸for arts.What really ❹appeals (appeal) to me is that the ❺anecdotes (anecdote) of the artists, which, I think, motivate me to take ❻up writing as my ❼profession (professor) in the future.
3．My uncle is an ❶official (office) in the government.He is busy visiting the mills ❷that produce presses.❸Basically (basic) speaking, he has no time to think about where ❹to_spend (spend) his holidays. So he has to leave his holidays ❺behind.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．此外，我们应该学习如何与他人好好相处。(“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语)
In addition, we should learn_how_to_get_along_well_with_others.
2．城堡里的很多画被认为是在一场火灾中被毁掉的。(be believed to do)
A number of paintings in this castle are_believed_to_have_been_destroyed in a fire.
3．他爬上寺庙顶上，从那儿除了树他看不到别的东西。(from where)
He climbed up to the top of the temple, from_where_he_could_see_nothing_but_trees.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
A hidden portrait underneath the “Mona Lisa” has been discovered by a French scientist, who said he uncovered the image using ❶reflective (reflect) light technology.The digitally reconstructed image of the hidden portrait ❷was_presented (present) at a press conference by scientist Pascal Cotte, who's been analyzing the Leonardo da Vinci's ❸masterpiece (代表作) for over a decade.Cotte said he uncovered the image using a camera that took ❹images (image) of the painting under intense light.
The hidden portrait showed a ❺sitting (sit) figure that looks almost the same as the “Mona Lisa.” There are small but great ❻differences (different)．The sitter in the image appears to be looking to the side rather than ❼directly (direct) at the viewer, and the sitter does not seem to have the smile that ❽has_attracted (attract) “Mona Lisa” viewers for over 500 years.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
exception， object， technique， individual， meet， surroundings， realize， natural， twopoint， artist
In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the ❶individual person and his or her possessions and ❷surroundings.A flat medieval style couldn't show this level of reality and the artists needed a new ❸technique.It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing.At first the ❹artists of the Renaissance only had a singlepoint perspective.Later they ❺realized that they could have twopoint perspective and still later multipoint perspective.
With ❻twopoint perspective they could turn an ❼object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it.The technique of perspective which seems so ❽natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “grammar of painting”．Like all bits of grammar there are ❾exceptions about perspective.For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level.Sloping roof tops don't ❿meet on eye level.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·江苏高考)Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated (motivate) after one or two nights.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled (skill) workers also combine various hardwoods and metal to create special designs.
3．(2015·浙江高考)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.
4．(2015·四川高考)Brian is gifted (gift) in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
5．(2013·天津高考)If you want to discuss freely without disturbing (disturb) others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor.
6．(2011·江苏高考)The act of apology is carried out not merely (mere) at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution.
7．(2010·重庆高考)This finally inspired (inspire) his famous work, On the Origin of Species.
8．(2009·江苏高考)The mouse is a most effective (effect) device used by people to communicate with a computer.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用basically, inspire, leave for填空)
1．(2013·四川高考完形填空)For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who'd been through something similar.So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party, __28__ by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars.It felt amazing not having to hide away behind my scarf.inspired
2．(2009·辽宁高考完形填空)When he arrived at his father's house, he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week.The moment he was about to __47__ the hospital，he saw on the desk the still new book, just as he had left it one year ago.leave_for
3．(2009·广东高考完形填空)To make sure that he was remembered with love and respect, Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great contributions to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences.So __30__， Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.basically
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：艺术是一种很重要、很普遍的文化形式，有着非常复杂而丰富的内容，与人的实际生活密切相关。艺术作为一种精神产品，具有无限发展的趋势，并在整个社会产品中占有越来越大的比重。高考围绕此话题进行命题，旨在展现艺术的魅力和影响，让考生在欣赏艺术作品的同时提高艺术修养。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1]Many parents wonder why their children should study art.To some, art is nice but useless.They consider it unnecessary to human existence.To others, art is important and meets some human needs that can't be met any other way.
[2]So what is the purpose of art?
[3]The earliest art — cave drawings and the like — certainly had some important purposes.This type of art was a record of events, a means of sharing stories, and a way to pass on information.People created primitive (原始的) art to show the world around them — pictures were usually of animals, birds, plants, and humans in scenes of daily life, especially hunting.
[4]In recent centuries, art has become more complicated.The spoken and written words have become our major means of communication, so art can be more than just a chronicle of historic events or a way to share stories, although it still can be those things as well.
[5]Through art, artists share their feelings in a way that brings on something from the viewers.The feelings one experiences when viewing art may be pleasing or not.The artist is trying to express something; it's up to you to figure out what that is.Art is a conversation between you and the artist; they put themselves into their works, and you bring yourself to your explanation of them. Because of the feelings that art can bring on — feelings that usually cannot be brought on by other means — art is necessary to human existence.Art meets our needs for selfexpression, communication, and our desire for connection with other humans across centuries and cultures.
[6]Now, we can conclude that art is very important.Since it is important, kids should learn it.
语篇解读：作者认为艺术很重要，儿童应该学习艺术。
1．What do we know about the primitive art?
A．It didn't have any important purposes.
B．It was mainly about people's daily life.
C．It was created mainly to entertain people.
D．It was meant to help people understand the world.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第三段的“People created primitive (原始的) art to show the world around them — pictures were usually of animals, birds, plants, and humans in scenes of daily life, especially hunting.”可知，艺术一开始主要是关于人们的日常生活的。
2．What does the underlined word “chronicle” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Tool. B．Mirror.
C．Guide. D．Record.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。第三段说艺术一开始主要是用来记录生活的，第四段指出后来艺术变得更为复杂了，不再仅仅是对历史事件的“记录”了。
3．Paragraph 5 mainly shows art's use of ________.
A．making a living B．explaining problems
C．exchanging feelings D．storing information
解析：选C 段落大意题。第五段主要说明艺术的情感交流方面的作用。
4．The text is meant to show that ________.
A．kids love art for a reason
B．children should study art
C．art is very important to humans
D．art is used for different purposes
解析：选B 主旨大意题。由第一段的“Many parents wonder why their children should study art.”和最后一段可知，作者主要通过阐述艺术的重要性来表明儿童应该学习艺术。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
主旨大意技法(6)——利用正确选项的三大特征解题
①涵盖性强，覆盖全文。
②确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
③精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
以上文第4题为例：文章开头提出话题——许多父母想知道他们的孩子为什么要学习艺术；接着文章阐述了从古至今艺术的用途；最后一段得出结论，即艺术是重要的。因为艺术重要，所以儿童应该学习艺术。B项概括全面、准确。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Renaissance is a French word. It means “rebirth”．It's a strange name for a period of history. What was it that was “reborn” during the Renaissance?
To answer this question, we need to look back at the time of the Roman Empire. At this time Roman artists, scientists and writers influenced by Greek ideas were the world's most advanced. They had become skilled observers of the natural world around them, and had become experts in studying animals, plants, the human body or the stars and planets. They wrote down their ideas about what they saw, and based their theories about the world on their observations.
During the fourth and fifth centuries the Roman Empire slowly broke down. Many of the Romans' art and sculptures were destroyed and some manuscripts (原稿) were lost as well. But most importantly, some of the ancient attitudes were lost. A questioning approach to the world was replaced by an unquestioning one.
Why did this happen? One reason was to do with the influence of the Christian Church. Through the thousand years following the fall of the Roman Empire, the Church controlled many aspects of life including education and learning. The Church ran all the universities and thought that the aim of a university should be to teach old ideas more clearly, not to introduce new ones. The scholars in the universities were expected to study God and heaven from the Bible and ancient books, rather than the world around them.
Take medicine for example. The main textbook for doctors had been written by a Greek doctor called Galen more than a thousand years earlier. But when Roger Bacon, a thirteenthcentury priest (牧师), said that a new approach to medicine was needed — doctors should do their own original research instead of reading writers from the past such as Galen — the Church put him in prison
By the time of the fourteenth century, however, some parts of the Christian Church were becoming less strict about their ideas and there was a new state of mind among artists, doctors and scientists. People wanted to find out more about the world by studying it. This attitude of investigation had been common in classical scholars, and it was “reborn” during the Renaissance.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“文艺复兴”一词来源于法语，意为“重生”，那么在文艺复兴时期重生的是什么呢？本文给出了答案。
1．We know from the text that scientists at the time of the Roman Empire believed in ________.
A．their companions' observations
B．what they saw with their own eyes
C．what they learned from the Greeks
D．the most advanced theories at that time
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“skilled observers”及“They wrote down their ideas about what they saw, and based their theories about the world on their observations.”可知，罗马帝国时期的科学家们善于观察，他们相信自己看到的，并基于自己的观察建立理论。
2．We can infer that students in the Churchcontrolled universities might ________.
A．have good memories B．change their beliefs
C．be lacking in creativity D．be interested in astronomy
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the aim of a university should be to teach old ideas more clearly, not to introduce new ones ... study God and heaven from the Bible and ancient books, rather than the world around them”可知，在教会控制下的大学里，学生们只是机械地学习已有的知识，不去探究周围的世界，这样教育出来的学生必然缺乏创造力。
3．Roger Bacon was put in prison because he ________.
A．gave up being a priest
B．challenged the Church
C．did some research secretly
D．showed no respect for Galen
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，在教会的影响下，当时主要使用的医学教科书是一千多年前盖伦写的。罗杰·培根对此提出了反对意见，他认为医生应该自己做研究，而不是阅读过去某个人写的著作。正是因为罗杰·培根提出了与教会倡导相悖的意见，所以他被关进了监狱。
4．The text probably comes from a book about ________.
A．medicine B．history
C．religion D．education
解析：选B 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文回答了“在文艺复兴时期重生的是什么”的问题。有关文艺复兴的话题属于历史的范畴，故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Being a good parent means helping your kids acquire healthy habits and drop the bad ones. To help you along, we have created a list of things you should teach your child.
__1__
We never feel like a failure when we have friends who can help us get through life's darkest moments. Therefore, teaching your children how to make genuine (真诚的) friends and what it means to be a good friend themselves is truly a blessing.__2__.And then encourage them to make friends with kids of their age.
Honesty
And finally, we come to honesty. Teach your children how to be true to themselves, their friends, and to you.__3__. This is because a lie is always found out in the end. To be happy and satisfied, they have to be real and true to what they believe in.
Eat healthy food
By feeding them healthy products, you will increase their energy and promote better wellbeing. Some families are successful in getting their children to eat healthily by not introducing junk foods into their diet at all and letting children understand the benefits of healthy eating.__4__.
Being positive
__5__. Try to cheer your children up even when things are not going as well as you would want them to. You can always find a bright side and encourage your whole family.
A．Healthy eating
B．Being a good friend
C．Don't be a negative person
D．Taking care of your health is vital
E．First, be a good friend to your kids
F．Help them understand that lying or pretending never works
G．Also, it might be easier if you make eating healthy into a fun activity
1．选B 此处是本段的主题句。根据本段首句中的“... we have friends ...”可知，本段与交朋友有关。故选B项。
2．选E 根据下文的“And then encourage them to make friends with kids of their age.”可知，E项与下文内容衔接。
3．选F 根据该段的标题“Honesty”，以及下一句“This is because a lie is always found out in the end.”可知，F项“谎言或假装不会起作用”与本段主题一致。
4．选G 本段的主题是“吃健康的食物”，而G项与“吃健康的食物”相关，符合语境。
5．选C 根据本段主题“Being positive”可知，C项“不要做一个消极的人”与之内容衔接。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Once upon a time in my family, the Saturday after Thanksgiving was the start of our annual big tamale (玉米粽子)making party. We made them to share with friends and neighbors.
Preparation began with Daddy and the cleaning of the corn_husks (外壳). First he boiled them and left them in the water overnight. No husk passed inspection without being soft enough for folding. The next day, the rest of us got to work. My brothers and uncles were on hand for cleanup duty. And there was much to clean up as we women prepared the dough (生面团) made of corn. We also prepared the meat for the filling. The dough had to be spread evenly across the husk，and each tamale folded carefully so it would not split open during steaming.
According to the longstanding tradition — at least in my family — no one was allowed to leave the kitchen during the steaming. This could ruin the process. After all, no one wanted a bad tamale!
I thought the family tamalemaking party would go on forever, but to continue a family_tradition,_you needed to have family. Mine had changed forever. My father, two of my brothers and my uncle died in a short span of time. Mom and I spent months in a state of sad loss. At Christmas friends asked, “Are we going to get tamales this year？” Passing tamales out to friends was one of the great joys of the season, after all. But we couldn't face it. Eventually, as the years went by, people stopped asking.
One afternoon, just before Thanksgiving, my mother and I pushed an empty shopping cart through the supermarket. I rounded the corner into the next room and found her standing in front of a counter: packages of dough, bags of corn husks, dried spices — all the materials for a perfect tamale.“It's time，” Mom said. I knew she was right. We set aside a Saturday to spend in the kitchen, just the two of us, alone with our thoughts.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
When we laid everything out I fell into the old routine.
Paragraph 2：
My mother and I pronounced our tamalemaking a success, full of loving memories from the past and hopeful wishes for tomorrow.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
When we laid everything out I fell into the old routine. We were for cleanup duty ourselves as we went along. Of course Daddy wasn't there to deal with the corn_husks. They hadn't been cleaned; they hadn't been in the water. We lit a candle for our relatives in heaven and got to work filling and folding the tamales. Neither of us stepped out of the busy kitchen until the steaming was complete. By the end of the day, we had many beautiful tamales to share with our neighbors and friends.
Paragraph 2：
My mother and I pronounced our tamalemaking a success, full of loving memories from the past and hopeful wishes for tomorrow. You can be sure we are preparing for this year's tamales and our kitchen will be crowded once again. My grandniece wants to learn the family_tradition. Rule One：No one leaves the kitchen during the steaming! Life may change, but our family is forever bound together by love, memories and our favorite Thanksgiving dish.
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