2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮复习外研新课改省份专用讲义：选修7Module3Literature

Module 3 Literature


一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．appetite n．　　　胃口；食欲
2．whisper v. 低声地说；耳语
3．naughty adj. 淘气的；调皮的
4．wedding n. 婚礼
5．chapter n. 章节
6．nutrition n. 营养(作用)；滋养
7．welfare n. 幸福，福祉；健康
8．compass n. 指南针，罗盘
9．corporation n. 公司，企业
10．paperwork n. 资料，文件
11．pump n. 泵；抽水机
12．fountain n. 喷泉；喷水池
13．bunch n. 一束，一串
14．mistress n. 女主人
15．ambassador n. 大使
16．lantern n. 灯笼，提灯
17.pedestrian n． 行人
18．mourn v. 悼念，哀悼，为……哀痛
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．support n. 支撑物
2．seize v. 抓住
3．hang v. 绞死；吊死
4．drag v. 拖；拉；硬拽
5．rough adj. 多暴力的；犯罪率高的
6．repay v. 报答；回报
7．swallow v. 吞下；咽下(食物或饮料)
8．choke v. (使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难
9．dustbin n. 垃圾箱，垃圾桶
10．attain v. 获得，达到
11．escape v. 逃跑
12．feed v. 喂养；为……提供食品
13．reward n. 酬谢；奖赏；赏金
14．scream v. 尖叫；高声喊叫
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说 adj.新奇的
2．scene n．场景/面→scenery n．风景，景色(总称)
3．eager adj.热切/渴望的→eagerness n．热切；渴望→eagerly adv.热心地；热切地
4．desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望→desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地；非常地
5．healthy adj.健康的→health n．健康→unhealthy adj.不健康的
6．intend v．打算→intention n．打算；目的；意图→intentional adj.故意的
7．illegally adv.违法地；非法地→illegal adj.非法的→legal adj.合法的→legally adv.合法地
8．distribute v．分发/配/送→distribution n．分配；分布
9．starvation n．挨饿，饿死→starve v．(使)挨饿/饿死
10．concern n．关心，担心v.影响到；涉及→concerned adj.关心的，担心的；有关的→concerning prep.关于
11．accumulate v．积累→accumulation n．积累，积聚
12．accomplish v．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)→accomplishment n．成就；完成
[语境活用]
1．After three days without food, the men were close to starvation.If we had come later, they would have starved to death.(starve)
2．The man in the river desperately tried to reach the side.The situation was desperate but not hopeless.(desperate)
3．Concerning all the things concerned,_ I am most concerned about this matter.(concern)
4．The manager promised that when we accomplish this task, he will hold a party to celebrate our accomplishment.(accomplish)
5．With the intention of becoming famous and rich, many ordinary people intend to take part in some TV shows.(intend)
6．She accumulated a large fortune after years of hard work, and the accumulation process was full of bitterness.(accumulate)
7．His property was distributed among his sons.But unexpectedly, they had a conflict about the distribution.(distribute)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.in_a_...voice用……声音(说)，……声地
2．a_huge/large_amount_of 　　　 　大量的
3．bring_sth.to_the_attention_of_sb. 使某人关注某事
4．be_cruel_to 对……残忍
5．pick_out 挑选出，辨认出
6．let_go_of 放开，放弃
7．escape_from 从……逃离
8．in_astonishment 惊讶地，吃惊地
9．suffer_from 遭受
10．put_up张贴(通知，海报)，搭建，建造
11．stare_at 凝视，盯着看
1.Along with the advance of the society, more and more problems are brought_to_the_attention_of the public.
2．Michael put_up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.
3．A large quantity of money has been collected to help those who suffer_from the floods.
4．Children should be taught not to stare_at handicapped people because it is impolite.
5．I looked at him in_astonishment — I didn't expect to see him again here.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Not until at least thirty seconds had passed, was the man able to speak.
至少过了三十秒钟，这个人才说出话来。
not until ...位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
(2017·江苏高考书面表达)直到2016年中国电影票房收入的增长才放慢速度。
Not_until__2016_did the increase of the box­office income of Chinese movies slow down.
2.No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
no sooner ...than ...引导的倒装句式。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)我们一看到这个视频，回忆便如潮水般地涌出。
No_sooner_had_we_seen_the_video_than the memories of the past came flooding back.
3.Only then did Oliver understand his situation.
只有在那时奥利弗才明白自己的处境。
only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句且放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。
直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
Only when Lily walked into the office did_she_realize that she had left the contract at home.

　　二、课堂重点深化　

1．serve vt.端上(饭菜等)；供应；为服务vi.服役，供职
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①If you need my help, let me know.I'm always at your service (serve)．
②If a computer network's main server (serve) breaks down, the entire system would become useless.
句型转换
③The students served some apples to the invited experts.
→The students served the invited experts with some apples.
　[系统归纳]
(1)serve as　　　　　　　 充当；担任
serve sb.(with) sth.＝serve sth.to sb. 拿/用某物招待/款待某人
serve in the army 在部队服役
(2)service n. 服务；接待；效劳
at your service 愿为您效劳；听候您的吩咐
(3)server n. 服务器；服务人员
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④(2015·湖北高考写作)从这次经历中我学到了质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve_as_a_bridge_that helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.
僻义牢牢记
⑤Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.供应
2．eager adj.热切的；渴望的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Each week I eagerly (eager) counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there.
②I wasn't able to hide my eagerness (eager) when I asked，“What do you wish me to do now？”
　[系统归纳]
(1)be eager to do sth.　　　　　 渴望/热心做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
be eager that ... 渴望……
(2)eagerness n. 热心，渴望
(3)eagerly adv. 热心地；热切地
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③我渴望得到关于你的活动的更多信息。
I'm_eager_for_more_information about your activity.

表示“渴望/盼望做某事”表达还有：
①be anxious to do sth.　②be desperate to do sth.
③long to do sth. ④desire to do sth.
⑤look forward to doing sth.

3．hang v．绞死；吊死；悬挂
　[自主体验]
用适当的介词填空
①Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone.
②In the afternoon, she is going to hang out/about with her friends and buy some CDs.
　[系统归纳]
hang up　　　　　　　　　　 挂断(电话)
hang out/about 闲逛；逗留
hang on (打电话时)别挂断；坚持
hang on to 抓紧；保留，不放弃　
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(hang on/hang on to)
③It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang_on__to hope.
④Hang_on! Tom is coming.
佳句时时写
⑤正如我上一次告诉你的，我在这里交了三个好朋友。午饭时我们一起吃饭，放学后我们一起闲逛。
As I told you last time, I made three new friends here.We were together during lunch and hung_out_together after school.
[名师指津]
hang
意义
过去式
过去分词
绞死，吊死
hanged
hanged
悬挂，垂下
hung
hung

4．reward n．酬谢；奖赏；赏金 v．酬谢；奖赏
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.
②The police are offering a reward of ＄50,000 for information leading to the arrest of the murderer.
③I don't expect anything in reward and I did it because I enjoyed it.
　[系统归纳]
(1)be rewarded for　　　　　　 因……而得到回报
be rewarded with 得到……回报/奖赏
(2)offer/give sb.a reward for ... 因某事给某人报酬/回报
in reward＝as a reward 作为报答
(3)rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(reward/award)
④They awarded her the Nobel Prize.
⑤He rewarded her with money for her heroic deeds.
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·北京高考书面表达)如果你来北京的话，我相信你会有一个有意义的经历。
If you come to Beijing, I believe you will have_a_rewarding_experience.
5．intend v．打算，想要，计划
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The course is intended for students who wish to improve their organizational skills.
②My early intention (intend) of gardening may have originated from my love for nature.
补全句子
③I had intended_to_catch/(to_be)_catching the early train, but I didn't get up in time.
我本想赶早一点的火车，可是我起晚了。
　[系统归纳]
(1)intend to do/(to be) doing sth. 打算做某事
be intended to do sth. 目的是做某事
be intended for 为……打算或设计的
(2)intention n. 意图，目的，打算
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④(2018·北京高考书面表达)这次活动的目的是帮助国际学生更好地理解我们的饮茶文化。
The activity was_intended_to_help international students better understand our tea­drinking culture.

表示“打算做某事”的表达还有：
①be going to do sth.　　　 ②be about to do sth.
③plan to do sth. ④mean to do sth.
⑤aim to do sth.


1．a huge/large amount of 大量的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①A good amount of sleep every night is (be) important for your health.
②Large amounts of water are_needed (need) for cooling purpose.
　[系统归纳]
(1)“a huge/large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数
(2)“huge/large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数
　

[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③虽然这份工作要花费大量的时间，但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。
Although the job takes_large_amounts_of_time,_most students agree that the experience is worth it.

常见的数量修饰词汇分类：
①many, a good/great many, a good/large number of等修饰可数名词复数；
②much, a good/great deal of, a large amount of, large amounts of等修饰不可数名词；
③a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of, plenty of等既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词。
2．no sooner ...than ...刚一……就……
　[教材原句]　No_sooner_had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
　[自主体验]
①No_sooner_had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
莫言一走上舞台，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
②Hardly_had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply, “Don't be so mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her.
萨布丽娜的话音刚落，艾伯特就冲她伸出一根手指表示警告，并且厉声说：“别那么刻薄。”
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)no sooner ...than ...刚一……就……
(2)hardly ...when ...刚一……就……
注意事项
当 no sooner, hardly或scarcely位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且主句用过去完成时。

　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.
②(增分要点句)Hardly had we arrived there when we divided this activity into three parts.


本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“文学”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一)　文学体裁
温故浅易词汇
①novel　②story　　③fable ④tale ⑤poetry ⑥play
⑦poem ⑧speech ⑨drama
识记生疏词汇
①fiction n．小说　②myth n．神话
③legend n．传奇 ④prose n．散文
⑤autobiography n．自传 ⑥episode n．逸事
⑦essay n．随笔 ⑧criticism n．评论
子话题(二)　文学作品与人物
温故浅易词汇
①works　②fans　　③actor
④actress ⑤character ⑥director
⑦publisher ⑧publish ⑨publication
⑩remove ⑪create ⑫literature
⑬award ⑭honor ⑮struggle for
⑯encourage ⑰inspire ⑱classic
识记生疏词汇
①novelist n．小说家　②critic n．批评家
③playwright n．剧作家 ④translate v．翻译
⑤professional adj.专/职业的 ⑥original adj.原作的
⑦version n．版本 ⑧fairy n．仙女

常用词块忆一忆
①be acknowledged/regarded as　　　　 被认为
②win the Nobel Prize in Literature 获得诺贝尔文学奖
③enrich one's life 丰富某人的生活
④on exhibition 在展出
⑤come alive 变得有生气
⑥open up one's minds 开阔某人的视野
⑦be to do with 与……相关
⑧make sb.famous 使某人出名
⑨bring out 出版
⑩be fond of 喜欢

写作佳句背一背
①Excuse me for my long delay in returning to you Robinson Crusoe which I read through with great interest.
②What makes this novel stand out is its unique characters, language, plots and style.
③She is very fond of Chinese classical literature and has spent some time reading Tang and Song poetry.
　　二、“分步写作”表达准一点
概要写作要点归纳精准化
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
I talk a lot to myself. It helps me to keep my concentration on the activity in hand, makes me focus more on my studies, and gives me some pretty brilliant ideas while talking to myself; more importantly, I produce better works. Do you talk to yourself? Don't get embarrassed at admitting it because science has discovered that those who talk to themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies!
Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them. Half of them were told to repeat the objects, for example, bananas, and the other half remained silent. In the end, the result showed that self­directed speech aided people to find the objects faster, compared with the silent ones.
“I often talk to myself when searching for something in the refrigerator or on the supermarket shelves，” said Gary Lupyan. This personal experience actually made him conduct this experiment. Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the outcome that those who talk to themselves are geniuses. Here are the reasons：
When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise (使……具体化) the word, and you can act accordingly.
Every one of us tends to have various types of thoughts. Most make sense, while the others don't. Suppose you are furious at someone and you feel like killing that person. Now for this issue you won't run to a doctor, will you? No, what you do is lock yourself in a room and mutter to yourself. You are letting go off the anger by talking to yourself about the pros and cons of killing that person, and eventually you calm down. This is a silly thought that you have and are unable to share it with any other person. Psychologist Linda Sapadin said, “It helps you clarify your thoughts, tend to what's important and firm up any decision you are thinking about.”
[写作步骤]
第一步：归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：本篇为说明文。文章的主题是“自言自语的人是天才”。
短文结构分析：全文分为三个部分。
第一部分(第一段)：为导入段，引出自言自语不是问题，事实上自言自语的人是天才；
第二部分(第二、三段)：实验研究的情况；
第三部分(第四、五段)：说明了自言自语的优点——有助于刺激记忆力，使头脑清晰。
第二步：提炼关键词
Part 1：
1.I talk_a_lot_to_myself. It helps me to keep_my_concentration_on_the_activity in hand.
2．Those who talk_to_themselves are actually geniuses but not crazies！
Part 2：
3.Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted_an_experiment in a supermarket where 20 volunteers were shown objects, and were asked to remember them.
4．Lupyan, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, came up with the outcome that those who_talk_to_themselves_are_geniuses.
Part 3：
5.When you are talking to yourself, your sensory mechanism gets_activated. It gets easier on your memory since you can visualise the word.
6．It helps you clarify_your_thoughts.

第三步：合并和改写
1．要点1和2
合并：Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on the activity in hand and people who like to talk to themselves are supposed to be geniuses.
改写：Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on what_he_is_doing and people who have_this_habit are actually geniuses.
2．要点3和4
合并：Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he, together with another psychologist, Daniel Swigley, concluded that those who talk to themselves are geniuses.
改写：Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he and psychologist Daniel Swigley concluded it's_true.
3．要点5和6
合并：When you are talking to yourself, your memory can be stimulated and it helps you clarify your thoughts.
改写：Talking_to_yourself does good as follows: on the one hand, it stimulates your memory; on_the_other_hand,_it helps you clarify your thoughts.
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：
Talking a lot to oneself helps one focus on what he is doing and people who have this habit are actually geniuses. (要点1)Psychologist Gary Lupyan conducted an experiment about it and he and psychologist Daniel Swigley concluded it's true. (要点2)The experiment showed that talking to yourself does good as follows: on the one hand, it stimulates your memory; on the other hand, it helps you clarify your thoughts.(要点3)

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．As we know, New Zealand is famous for its beautiful scenery (风景) and places of interest.
2．She loves teaching so much and is eager (渴望的) to devote her life to education.
3．We must devote our time to study so that we may serve (服务) our society and people.
4．This document will be distributed (分发) among the people at the meeting.
5．Some students just complain that their parents are only concerned (关心的) about their grades and not their needs.
6．I really feel a sense of accomplishment (成就) when the task has been done.
7．I believe I am the right person for this post and I hope to have your support (支持) and vote.
8．Sooner or later you will be rewarded (回报) for your positive attitude toward your work or life.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．The ❶novelists (novel) who sells in the millions but keeps away from the public is Haruki Murakami (村上春树)．He is ❷eagerly (eager) looking forward to winning the Nobel Prize in Literature.
2．When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it ❶is_intended (intend)．The United Nations Organization could undertake to direct the ❷distribution (distribute) of aid.
3．And as far as your body ❶is_concerned (concern), it's “use it, or lose it”！ It's not that exercise makes you ❷healthy (health); it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．他刚一演讲完学生就开始欢呼起来。(no sooner位于句首的倒装句)
No_sooner_had_he_finished_his_speech_than the students started cheering.
2．只有当他为他的粗鲁行为道歉后我才会再跟他说话。(倒装句)
Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will_I_speak_to_him again.
3．直到母亲回来，男孩才开始准备他的功课。(not until置于句首的倒装句)
Not_until_his_mother_came_back_did the boy begin to prepare his lessons.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
Walt Disney ❶is_credited (credit) for creating such wonderful things as Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse.However, he cannot take the credit for creating other well­loved ❷characters (character), such as Cinderella and Snow White.They are almost automatically ❸associated (associate) with Disney because Disney turned old fables into ❹cartoon_movies (卡通电影)．
The ❺original (origin) Cinderella varies very much from the Disney ❻version (版本) we know today.It started off with the girl ❼mourning (mourn) her mother's death and going to her tomb three times a day.❽In_addition/Besides (此外), there were only birds that helped Cinderella; there was no such thing as a fairy godmother or helpful mice, nor was there mention of a horse and carriage.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
moved， be put on， have a good time， drama， be fond of， encourage， classic， art gallery， meaningful， value
Dear Chris，
As we all know, Butterfly Lovers is a traditional ❶drama,_telling about two young persons' moving love story.Whoever reads the true love story will be deeply ❷moved.Not only do some ❸classic works such as Butterfly Lovers, the Cinderella musical, offer us joy and excitement, but also ❹encourage us to think critically.
I have a piece of good news to tell you.I'd like to invite you to see Butterfly Lovers, a famous Chinese Shaoxing Opera, which is to ❺be_put_on at the newly built Tianjin Grand Theater at 2：00 pm on August 5th.As your close friend, I know you ❻are_fond_of Chinese culture, especially opera culture.Of course, besides going to the theater, we can do some other ❼meaningful things, such as visiting the museum or the ❽art_gallery nearby, which both contain a lot of items of great ❾value.I'm sure that we will ❿have_a_good_time.
I'm looking forward to receiving your reply.
Yours，
Li Jin


一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)As we accumulated (accumulate) more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards (reward) were worth the difficult trip.
3．(2018·北京高考)The university is known for its language and culture courses intended (intend) for international students.
4．(2017·江苏高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation (starve)．
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished (accomplish)．
6．(2015·天津高考)I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately (desperate) threw myself at that guy like a bullet (子弹) — and stopped him cold.
7．(2014·重庆高考)The elephant seized (seize) a nearby branch and put it into her mouth.
8．(2012·福建高考)The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least 190,000 has_been_distributed (distribute)．
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用eagerly, accomplish, feed, concern, intend填空)
1．(2016·浙江高考完形填空)When my son Gene was about 12 years old, I started helping him learn to work.I bought twenty chickens and asked him to take care of them.I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would buy the eggs from him.However, he would have to buy chicken __39__ with the money he made from the eggs.feed
2．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)Adolescents enter high school with great excitement but are soon looking forward to graduation.The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then, how many adults, who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, __53__ drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their driver's licenses (执照)? eagerly
3．(2014·辽宁高考完形填空)Several weeks later, when I described the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, “You made a classic mistake.You're stuck in your own way of thinking.You didn't __52__ to be late.But that's not the point.What is important in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor.”intend
4．(2012·天津高考完形填空)Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.It was amazing how much we were able to __29__.accomplish
5．(2011·安徽高考完形填空)When I began planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences.Ignoring these __36__， I got there in July 2010.concerns
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：文学是一种语言艺术，是话语蕴藉中的审美意识形态。诗歌、散文、小说、剧本、寓言、童话等不同体裁，都是文学的重要表现形式。文学方面的素材一直受到高考选材的青睐，它不仅反映生活，也与学生生活联系密切。平时多涉猎文学素材，拓展知识面，提高文学素养。
[话题感悟]

学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2018·浙江高考)[1]In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.
[2]In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
[3]How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a halfdozen of them.It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress.But it's also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。
1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?
A．They were difficult to understand.
B．They were popular among the rich.
C．They were seen as nearly worthless.
D．They were written mostly by women.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.”可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。故选C项。
2．Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.
A．his reputation in France
B．his interest in modern art
C．his success in publication
D．his importance in literature
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.”可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性，由此可推知D项正确。
3．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To remember a great writer.
B．To introduce an English novel.
C．To encourage studies on culture.
D．To promote values of the Victorian age.
解析：选A　写作意图题。根据文中对查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯·狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯·狄更斯这位伟大的作家。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
推理判断技法(11)——明确文章体裁，巧妙确定写作意图
写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上明白作者的言外之意，找到作者的写作意图。题干中常有purpose, in order to等词。不同体裁的文章可能有不同的写作意图。
要做好写作意图题，考生必须先弄清楚文章的体裁，因为不同的文体写作意图是不同的。
体裁
写作意图
广告
推销某种产品或某种服务，或是通过影片、电视节目、旅游景点等的介绍以吸引更多的观众、读者或游客等
说明文
向人们展示某物的用途或制作过程
研究报告
向人们展示某种研究结果
议论文
论述一个道理或表达一个观点
记叙文
向人们分享经历、叙述一件事情或表达感情等

以第3题为例，上文是一篇记叙文，写于查尔斯·狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯·狄更斯这位伟大的作家。由此得出上文第3题答案。

Ⅰ.完形填空
One morning, on my way home, it was raining very heavily. Nearing my town, I watched as the water level on the road __1__ in front of me. I had nowhere to go.
The driver of a four­wheel drive signaled from his car to tell me not to cross the __2__ road. Then I noticed a man in his early 30s in his front yard __3__ the situation. He quickly waved to me to come and __4__ in his driveway away from the rushing water.
The man called Trent then invited me to wait __5__ the rain inside his house. I told him I was concerned about the __6__ to my car, as the continuing rain started to ___7___ into hail (冰雹). Trent then took a cover from his garage and __8__ my car to protect it from the hail. __9__， his efforts were not in vain.
While waiting for the __10__ to improve, I learned Trent had __11__ his job ten months ago and was trying his hand as a local handyman (做零活的人) to make ends meet.
By 12：30 pm the rain __12__ and it would be safe enough to __13__ the road. As I left, I insisted on __14__ his business card, and my father has since called Trent to offer him __15__ as a handyman at our place doing various small jobs.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了他在一场大雨中得到好心人的帮助的经历。
1．A.rose　　　　　　　 　B．arrived
C．fell D．disappeared
解析：选A　根据后一句“I had nowhere to go.”和第二段最后“the rushing water”可知，由于雨势太大，“我”前面的路面积水升高(rose)。
2．A.busy B．wide
C．quiet D．dangerous
解析：选D　由上文可推知，路面积水升高使得道路危险(dangerous)，因此一位司机示意告诉“我”不要穿过道路。
3．A.sticking with B．dealing with
C．messing up D．sizing up
解析：选D　由下文那位叫Trent的男子向“我”招手示意去他家躲避来势汹汹的大雨可知，这位三十岁左右的男子在他家前院检查(sizing up)路面情况。
4．A.call B．park
C．wash D．stay
解析：选B　由下文的“wait__5__ the rain inside his house”可知，Trent让“我”把车停到(park)他家。
5．A.on B．for
C．out D．behind
解析：选C　Trent邀请“我”去他家等待雨停(wait out the rain)。
6．A.approach B．reaction
C．damage D．attention
解析：选C　由下文“started to __7__ into hail (冰雹)”可知，“我”担心车因冰雹而受损(damage)。
7．A.turn B．bring
C．come D．grow
解析：选A　因为一直下的雨开始变成冰雹。turn into“变成”；grow into“长成”。
8．A.hid B．cleaned
C．measured D．covered
解析：选D　Trent从车库拿出一个外罩并且遮住(covered)“我”的车以免被冰雹砸坏。
9．A.Suddenly B．Secretly
C．Interestingly D．Fortunately
解析：选D　由“his efforts were not in vain”可知，庆幸的是(Fortunately)，Trent的努力没有白费。
10．A.job B．water
C．weather D．business
解析：选C　“我”到Trent家是为了等天气(weather)好转。
11．A.got B．lost
C．kept D．finished
解析：选B　由下文的“as a local handyman (做零活的人) to make ends meet”可推知，Trent失去(lost)工作已经十个月了。
12．A.came B．poured
C．stopped D．continued
解析：选C　由下文“it would be safe enough ”和 “As I left”可知，12：30的时候雨停(stopped)了，足够安全可以上路(hit the road)了。
13．A.repair B．hit
C．follow D．build
解析：选B　参见上题解析。
14．A.taking B．accepting
C．signing D．borrowing
解析：选A　“我”与Trent认识之前他就在做零工，因此为了以后帮助他，“我”离开时坚持要拿(taking)张他的名片。
15．A.chance B．work
C．service D．transport
解析：选B　由“at our place doing various small jobs”可知，父亲之后常打电话给Trent提供做零活的工作(work)。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2019·广东东莞六校联考)A lot of films have tried to describe the afterlife and our memories of family members, __1__ few have done as well as Coco, Disney Pixar's __2__ (late) masterpiece animation, which hit the big screen on Nov. 24, 2017.
__3__ (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Dia de los Muertos — Day of the Dead — the film's production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music.__4__ that year's Dia de los Muertos, __5__ accident takes him to the Land of the Dead.In this land, there are friendly skeletons who can cross a bridge made of flower petals to visit their living family — that is, as long as their family still puts their photos on the family shrine (神龛)．Those spirits who __6__ (forget) by their family will disappear completely. So it's in this magical world __7__ Miguel gets to meet and discover the __8__ (true) about his great­great­grandpa.
In an era when young people are so __9__ (easy) attracted by celebrities, Coco reveals the emptiness of such flattery, teaching kids to preserve and respect the memory of their elders while __10__ (remind) them that the source of true creativity is so often personal.
语篇解读：文章简单介绍了《寻梦环游记》，该片灵感取自于墨西哥的亡灵节，制作团队创作了一个叫米格尔的小男孩，他一直想让家人理解自己对音乐的热爱，那一年的亡灵节，他机缘巧合地踏入了亡灵之地并在那里度过了难忘而又惊险的一夜。
1．but　考查连词。根据上句中的“A lot of films”和本句中的“few”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，故用but连接。
2．latest　考查形容词。表示“最新的”，用形容词latest。
3．Inspired　考查非谓语动词。由“by the Mexican holiday of Dia de los Muertos”可知，主语the film's production team和动词inspire之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
4．On　考查介词。根据上文可知， Dia de los Muertos是一个节日，故其前用介词on。
5．an　考查冠词。此处表示“一场事故”，应用不定冠词，accident 以元音音素开头，故用an。
6．are forgotten　考查动词语态和主谓一致。who和forget之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；who指代Those spirits，故系动词用are。
7．that　考查强调句型。根据句意和句子结构可知，此句是强调句，被强调的部分是in this magical world，故用that。
8．truth　考查名词。由空前的the和空后的about可知，此处应填名词。
9．easily　考查副词。修饰动词attracted，用副词形式。
10．reminding　考查非谓语动词。Coco和remind之间是主动关系，while表示“与此同时”，故用动词­ing形式。