2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：选修六Unit4　Globalwarming

Unit 4　Global warming阅读词汇1.consume vt.　　　　消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完2.refresh vt.  使恢复;使振作3.subscribe vi. 同意;捐赠;订阅vt. 签署(文件);捐助4.fuel n.  燃料5.existence n. 生存;存在6.commitment n. 承诺;交托;信奉7.catastrophe n.   大灾难;浩劫8.electrical adj.  电的;与电有关的9.random adj.  胡乱的;任意的10.casual adj. 随便的;漫不经心的;偶然的11.mild adj.   温和的;温柔的;淡的12.renewable adj.  能再生的;可更新的13.measurement n.  衡量;测量;尺寸14.trend n. 趋势;倾向;走向15.environmentalist n. 环境保护论者16.economical adj. 节约的;经济的17.nuclear adj. 核的;核能的;原子核的识记词汇1.glance vi.　　　　　看一下;扫视n. 一瞥2.advocate vt. 拥护;提倡;主张3.quantity n. 量;数量4.tend vi. 趋向,易于vt. 照顾;护理5.range n. 种类;范围6.consequence n. 后果;结果;影响7.phenomenon n. 现象8.educator n. 教育工作者;教育家9.data n. 资料;数据10.graph n. 图表;坐标图;曲线图11.steady adj. 平稳的;持续的;稳固的12.average adj. 平均的13.widespread adj. 分布广的;普遍的14.oppose vt. 反对;反抗;与(某人)较量15.state vt. 陈述;说明16.circumstance n. 环境;情况17.tendency n. 倾向;趋势拓展词汇1.pollution n.污染;弄脏→pollute vt.污染2.growth n.增长;生长→grow vt.& vi.种植;生长;增多3.disagreement n. 分歧;不一致→disagree vi. 不同意→agreement n.同意;协议→agree vi.同意4.state vt.陈述;说明→statement n.陈述;声明5.contribution n.贡献→contribute v.贡献6.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的;对立的短语记忆1.come about　　　 　 　　发生;造成2.result in 导致3.put up with 忍受;容忍4.so long as 只要5.subscribe to 同意;赞成;订购6.quantities of 大量的7.go up 上升;增长;升起8.be opposed to 反对……9.keep on 继续10.on the whole 大体上;基本上11.on behalf of 代表……一方;作为……的代言人12.even if 即使13.and so on 等等14.on the whole 大体上;基本上句型整理It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not,turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备,你便可以让它开着——如果不用就把它关掉!重点语法The use of “it”(2)[it的用法(2)]1.quantity n.量;数量归纳拓展①a large∕small quantity of 大∕少量的②(large∕huge) quantities of 许多,大量的③in quantity∕quantities=in large amounts 大量完成句子①由于森林的破坏,大量的荒漠覆盖了土地。As a result of destroying the forests,a large quantity of desert has covered the land.②他想大量购买这些书,因此店主不会要他很多钱。He wants to buy the books in quantity,so the storekeeper will not charge him much.③随着更多的森林被破坏,每年有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.①a quantity of 或quantities of 后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。②“a quantity of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而“quantities of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。2.oppose vt.反对;反抗归纳拓展①be opposed to=object to... 反对……②oppose sth.∕doing sth.反对某事∕做某事③opposed adj. 相反的;对立的一句多译我反对别人那样对我讲话。①I object to being spoken to like that.②I oppose being spoken to like that.③I am opposed to being spoken to like that.④I am against being spoken to like that.①oppose后面跟表示动作的词作宾语时,后面要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中,其后也要用动名词形式。②表示“反对”的其他表达:disagree with;be against。3.state vt.陈述,说明n.状况,状态;国家;政府;州归纳拓展①It is∕was stated that...据称……②in a...state∕in a state of 处于……状态③in a good∕bad state状况良好∕不好完成句子①常有报告称我们只运用了大脑的 10%。It is often stated that we use only 10 per cent of our brain.②社区并不是一个具体的地方,而是一种心灵的状态。Community isn’t so much a place as it is a state of mind.(2017年11月浙江,阅读理解A)③保持良好的心态很重要。It is important to keep you in a good state of mind.4.range n.山脉;一系列;范围,射程vt.排列;在某范围内变化归纳拓展①a wide range of...一系列……②in∕within range在……范围内③beyond∕out of range在……范围外④beyond∕out of one’s range某人能力达不到的⑤range from...to...在……范围内变动⑥range between...and...在……和……范围内变动完成句子①很难计算出全球北极熊的数目因为很大部分范围没有被好好研究。It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied.(2019全国Ⅰ,语法填空)②这房子的价格远远超出我们能承受的范围。The price of the house is well beyond our range.③这个国家公园有一系列的野生生物,从蝴蝶到大象都有。The national park has a large collection of wildlife,ranging from butterflies to elephants.5.average n.平均数adj.平均的;普通的v.平均为,算出……的平均数归纳拓展①an average of...……的平均数(后跟数词)②on average 平均来看③above∕below average 在平均水平以上∕下④up to (the) average 达到平均水平完成句子①在这次考试中,有90个同学得了满分,每个班平均有18人。约翰的成绩在平均水平以下。There are 90 students getting full marks in the exam,an average of 18 students in each class.John’s was below average.②他是一位好学生,大部分学科他的分数都在平均以上。He was a good student and scored above average in most subjects.6.tend vi.趋向,易于 vt.照顾;护理归纳拓展①tend to do sth.倾向于做某事②tend towards ∕to 倾向于;趋于③tend sb.∕sth.照顾、护理某人∕某物④There is a tendency to do sth.有一种做某事的倾向完成句子①我们走了几十年前的极端,当时父母往往更加严格。We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)②人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in the office.1.come about 发生;造成归纳拓展①come out 出来,出现;(芽)生出来;(花)开;出版,发行;推出②come on 跟着来,跟上来;[口]得啦;快点③come to 总计,达到;归纳为④come up升起;(被)提出;发芽⑤come up with提出(主语为人)⑥come over来到,顺道来访用come相关短语的适当形式填空①Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem:a smart keyboard.(2019全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)②Can you tell me how the accident came about?③The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600. come about,happen,occur,take place和break out这五个表示“发生”的词语,都是不及物动词(短语),不用于被动语态,也不用于进行时态。2.put up with 忍受;容忍归纳拓展①put off 延期,推迟②put on 穿上,戴上;演出③put out 熄灭,扑灭;伸出;摆出④put through 接通电话完成句子①你无法选择老师或家庭,但你仍需容忍他们。You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family,but you still have to put up with them.②今年,有25 310名已被高校录取的学生把他们的入学推迟到了明年。This year,25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year.③灭火器喷了两下,就把火扑灭了。Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.3.result in导致;引起;结果是归纳拓展result from... 由……而引起as a result 结果as a result of... 由于……with the result that 其结果是;因此;导致用result相关短语的适当形式填空①It is said that his lameness resulted from an accident.②The boom in building has resulted in the local land being more available.③As a result,it is a piece of cake for me to introduce everything to international friends.④As a result of your carelessness,the whole project should be put off at least one month.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not,turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备,你便可以让它开着——如果不用就把它关掉!归纳拓展①so∕as long as意为“只要”,用来引导条件状语从句②as long as还可表示“与……一样长”“长达……”完成句子①下午,我问保尔叔叔我是否可以骑马,他说只要我父亲跟我一起去,那就可以。In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes,as long as my dad went with me.(2018年6月浙江,读后续写)②只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人说什么。Don’t mind what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done.③这条街道是那条的三倍长。The street is three times as long as that one.