2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：选修六Unit5　Thepowerofnature

Unit 5　The power of nature阅读词汇1.erupt vi.　 　　　(指火山)爆发;突然发生2.sweat n. 汗vi. 出汗3.questionnaire n. 问卷;调查表4.document n.  文件;证件5.typhoon n.   台风6.candidate n. 候选人;候补者7.fountain n.  喷泉;源泉 vi.&vt.  泉水般地喷出或涌出8.diverse adj. 多种多样的;不同的9.unconscious adj. 失去知觉的;未察觉的10.hurricane n. 飓风;风暴11.database n. 数据库;资料库识记词汇1.guarantee vt.　　　保证;担保2.evaluate vt. 评估;评价;估计3.panic vi.& vt. 惊慌 　　　n. 惊慌;恐慌4.tremble vi. 摇晃;摇动;颤抖5.shoot vt. 射中;射伤6.wave n. 波浪;波涛 　　vi. 波动;起伏;挥手7.diagram n. 图解;图表;示意图8.potential adj. 可能的;潜在的n. 潜在性;可能性;潜能9.precious 　adj. 贵重的;珍贵的10.appoint vt. 任命;委派11.suit vt. 适合;使适宜 　　n. 一套外衣;套装12.anxious adj. 忧虑的;不安的13.alongside adv.  在旁边;沿着边 prep.  在……旁边;沿着……的边拓展词汇1.actual adj.实在的;实际的→actually adv.实际上2.suit vt.适合;使适宜 n.一套外衣;套装→suitable adj.合适的;适当的3.anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的→anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望4.appreciation n.欣赏;感激;感谢→appreciate vt.欣赏;感激5.appoint vt.任命;委派→appointment n.约会,约定;任命,委任6.equipment n.设备;装备→equip vt.装备7.bathe vi.洗澡;游泳→bath n.洗澡8.threat n.恐吓;威胁→threaten v.威胁;恐吓短语记忆1.make one’s way　　　前往2.vary from...to... 由……到……不等3.burn to the ground 全部焚毁4.glance through 匆匆看一遍5.have a gift for 有……天赋∕才华6.in the distance 在远方句型整理1.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。2.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study,but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆,但是我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。3.It is said that this boy,who had a great gift for languages and persuasion,is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。重点语法Revising the -ing form (复习动词的-ing 形式)1.appoint vt.任命,委派,约定归纳拓展①appoint sb.as∕to be...任命某人为……②appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事③appoint a time∕place for 为……约定时间∕地点④make an appointment with sb.与某人约会⑤make∕have∕fix an appointment with sb.与某人预约单句填空①He made an appointment (appoint) with the manager and arrived at the appointed (appoint) time.Later,he was appointed (appoint) to an important post.完成句子②男人让简推迟他的预约。The man tells Jane to postpone his appointment.(2019全国Ⅲ,听力)2.suit n.一套外衣;套装vt.适合;使适宜归纳拓展①a suit of 一套……suit...to...使……适合……②suited adj.适合的be suited for∕to sth.适合做某事③suitable adj.相当的;相配的be suitable for sb.∕sth.适合于某人∕某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事完成句子①一位优秀的老师使他讲的课适合学生的年龄。A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.②这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。The house is not really suitable for a large family.词语辨析:suit,match与fit都有“适合,合适”之意,其区别如下:suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等。match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。fit多指大小、形状的合适。用suit,match,fit的适当形式填空I want to take this jacket because it fits me well and matches my trousers,though the style doesn’t suit me.3.anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的归纳拓展①be anxious for∕to do sth.渴望某事∕做某事②be anxious about...为……担心∕担忧③with anxiety 焦虑地完成句子①由于总是焦虑,我集中精力的时间一次都不能超过一小时。Anxious all the time,I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.②整11点的时候,Percival先生敲开了(那扇)门,带着满脸的焦虑和不安走进了房间。At exactly eleven Sir Percival knocked and entered,with anxiety and worry in every line of his face.③海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。Helen is anxious about travelling on her own.4.guarantee vt.保证;担保n.保证;担保归纳拓展①guarantee to do sth.∕that-clause 保证做某事∕确保……②be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会、必定会做某事③guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事④give sb.a guarantee (that)... 向某人保证……⑤under guarantee在保修期内完成句子①如果你不满意,可以退货。保证退钱。If you are not satisfied,return it.Money-back,guarantee.②这辆汽车用了还不到一年,因此还在保修期内。The car is less than a year old,so it is still under guarantee.③我们应该注意微小的细节,这保证我们最终能成功。We should pay attention to small details,which can guarantee us to succeed in the end.5.panic n.惊慌 vt.& vi.惊慌,恐慌归纳拓展①panic sb.into doing sth.使某人惊慌地做某事②get into a panic=be thrown into panic 使陷入惊慌状态③in a state of panic 处于惊慌状态④in panic 惊慌地 panic的过去式、过去分词和现在分词分别为:panicked,panicked,panicking。完成句子①Nicholas had no idea where he was.He tried not to panic (尽量不惊慌).②受全球经济低迷和华尔街股市动荡的影响,银行惊恐地抛售美元。Depressed by the global economic recession and Wall Street turmoil,the banks were panicked into selling dollars.1.make one’s way前往归纳拓展①feel one’s way 摸索着前行②wind one’s way 蜿蜒向前③force one’s way out 挤出去;冲出去④push one’s way in 挤进去⑤lose one’s way 迷路⑥fight∕push one’s way 推挤着前行完成句子①当苏珊小心走上台阶时,车上的乘客们都同情地看着她。The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps.②由于在这方面没有经验,我们只能摸索着去做。Without experience in it,we have to feel our way.③长城像一条巨龙,蜿蜒在中国北方。The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon.④那名粗鲁的年轻男子想要挤进去但是没成功。The rude young man tried to push his way in but failed.2.vary from...to...由……到……不等归纳拓展①vary in sth.(大小、形状等)不同,有别;在……方面不同②vary with 随……变化,改变③vary between...and...从……到……转变④a variety of=various 各种各样的完成句子①沉默的意义因文化群体的不同而存在差异。The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.②各个学校的教学方法大不相同。Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.③这些女孩出身背景各不相同。The girls come from a variety of different backgrounds.1.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。be about to do sth. when...“正要干……这时……”,句中的when是并列连词,相当于and just then或and just at that time,意为“正在这时∕那时”。完成句子会议正要开始,这时开始下雨了。The meeting was about to be held when it began to rain.2.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study,but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆,但是我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。this being my first experience是独立主格结构,在此处表示原因,可以转换为从句:because this was my first experience。归纳拓展①独立主格结构不是句子,而是一个独立于句子成分之外的独特结构形式,可置于句首、句尾,用逗号与其他部分隔开。②独立结构的构成:名词或代词(主格)+动词-ing形式、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、名词、介词短语等。③独立主格结构在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件和伴随情况等,故可以转换成状语从句。完成句子①一位坐在轮椅上的科学界的伟人,史蒂芬·霍金遭受严重疾病的折磨已经很多年了。A great man of science sitting (sit) in a wheelchair,Stephen Hawking has suffered from a serious disease for many years.②如果给我们更多时间,我们会做得更好。More time given (=If more time were given),we should have done it much better.①独立主格的主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。②独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。3.It is said that this boy,who had a great gift for languages and persuasion,is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。It is said that...据说……。句中的It是形式主语,它所代表的是后面that引导的主语从句,相当于People say that...归纳拓展①It is believed∕reported∕thought∕supposed∕hoped∕expected that...据相信∕报道∕认为∕推断∕希望∕预计……=People believe∕report∕think∕suppose∕hope∕expect that...人们相信∕报道∕认为∕推断∕希望∕预计……②It is known to all that...众所周知……①以上结构除It is hoped that...之外,均可转化为:“主语+be+过去分词+不定式”结构,其中不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。②有时以上结构还可转化为:“As+be+v.-ed,主句”结构,或者“What+be+v.-ed+is+that从句”结构。一句多译①据说他出国了。It is said that he has gone abroad.=He is said to have gone abroad.②众所周知,中国是一个历史悠久的国家。It is known to all that China is a country with a long history.=As is known to all,China is a country with a long history.=What is known to all is that China is a country with a long history.