2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：选修8Unit3　Theworldofcoloursandlight

Unit 3　The world of colours and light


对应学生用书p132

项目
内　容
核心单词

单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)

1.The boy who won the ____________ (奖学金) was quite an outstanding student.

2.Is it necessary to buy a ____________ (纪念品) when you go traveling？

3.After taking some photos，they stopped at the top of the hill to admire the ____________ (风景).

4.Each student ____________ (蘸) a finger into the mixture，sucked it and made a face.

5.To stand in the ____________ (阴影) of the moon is an awesome experience.

6.The magazine becomes a cultural m____________ of communication between the two peoples.

7.Each girl must sign in when coming back to the d____________.

8.It's reported that the annual o____________ of the steel plant amounts to 500，000 tons.

9.It's said that young children have a particularly a____________ sense of smell.

10.The team have worked hard and their efforts have been r____________.

[答案]

1.scholarship　2.souvenir　3.scenery　4.dipped　5.shadow　6.medium　7.dormitory　8.output　9.acute　10.rewarded

词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1.It is obvious that we can't ____________ the ____________ weather.We have to adjust to it.(change)

2.A new dorm was built to ________________ the freshmen；that is，the freshmen will be offered ______________．(accommodate)

3.Tom applied for ____________ to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't ____________ into it at last.(admit)

4.What the factory did ____________ people living here.The smell it let off was ____________ and I was ____________ at it.(disgust)

5.We make a strong ____________ to developing staff who are ____________ to developing our business.(commit)

6.My ____________ is based on actual figures.We have to use a ____________ to ____________ the horse­power needed to push the ship forward.(calculate)

7.The building was designed by a famous ____________．Its style of ____________ belongs to Europe.(architect)

8.To help the students go on further study，the ____________ in that university decided to design a ____________．(scholar)

9.I was busy，so I had to ask an ____________ to help me sell my old house.The ____________ there priced the house at the right level for the market and soon the house was sold.(agent)

10.Staring at the ____________ in the sky，John recalled the moment when he first met Louisa on a ____________ winter evening.The girl with ____________ eyes was just the kind of girl he liked.(star)

[答案]

1.change；changeable　2.accommodate；accommodation　3.admission；admitted　4.disgusted；disgusting；disgusted

5.commitment；committed　6.calculation；calculator；calculate　7.architect；architecture　8.scholars；scholarship

9.agency；agent　10.stars；starry；starry


重点短语,汉译英
1．大于____________________________　　2.切碎______________________　　3.布置______________________
4．剪出______________________ 5.试一试____________________ 6.动身去______________
7．对……留下深刻印象____________________ 8.(被)录取____________________ 9.尝试做____________________
10．用独特的方式____________________ 11.考虑到____________________
[答案]
1．upwards of　2.cut up　3.lay out　4.cut something out (of something)　5.have a go (at)　6.be off to
7．be impressed by　8.gain admission to　9.try doing　10.in a unique way　11.think about
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.Besides the works of da Vinci，the Louvre Museum has more than 6，000 other European paintings，ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.(P34，L23­24)
仿写　大约有300个孩子在这所学校读书，年龄在6至12岁之间。
________________________ in this school，their ages ____________________________．
2．Once you have taken the photo，you can then cook and eat the pizza face.(P46，L17­18)
仿写　一旦你对他多一些了解，你就会发现是你自己错了。
Once __________________，you'll ______________________________________．
3．Only on such a trip can you gain a better appreciation of European art.(P40)
仿写　只有到读完中学时，你才能参军。
Only ______________________________________ you ________________________________________．
4．Look! Here comes the bus.(P40)
仿写　
1)你的机会来了。
Here ____________________．
2)我们到了。
Here ____________________．
[答案]
1．About 300 children study / are studying；ranging from 6 to 12
2．you have learned more about him；find yourself wrong / mistaken
3．when / after you finish middle school can / will；be a PLA man / join the army
4．1)is your opportunity / chance
2)we are



对应学生用书p133
☆重点单词☆
1．talent
n．天赋，天资；天才，有才能的人
He showed a great talent for languages.
他展现了杰出的语言天赋。
She was selected into the band not because she was beautiful but because she__had__a__talent__for__music．
她被选进乐队，不是因为她漂亮，而是因为她有音乐天赋。
同/ 近义词：
genius / gift / ability
温馨提示：
talented adj.才华横溢的
必记搭配：
show / have a talent for 有……才能(天资，天赋)
a man of many talents 多才多艺的人
talent show 才艺表演
2．calculate(calculates / calculated / calculated / calculating)
v．计算；考虑；计划；打算；估计；推算；指望；依靠
It is impossible __to__calculate__ what influence he had on her life.
现在无法估计他对她的生活产生过多大的影响。
We'll have to calculate how much we can spend on advertising.
我们必须计算一下我们能在广告上花费多少钱。
同/ 近义词：
estimate / count
温馨提示：
calculation n．计算
必记搭配：
be calculated for 适合于
be calculated to 打算，蓄意
It is calculated that... 据估计
calculate on 指望着，期待着

单句语法填空：
①The famous star showed a ____________(calculate)attempt to cover up her crime.
②You will then be ready ____________(calculate) its overall availability，as above.
③We can't calculate ________________ having good weather for the outing.
[答案] ①calculated　②to calculate　③on
【运用提升】
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He has a talent____________painting and he was ____________great success at the age of 18 and became a ____________(talent) artist.
2．Kevin Kelly once explained how ____________(calculate) the date of your death.
[答案与解析]
1．for；a；talented。have a talent for有……天赋；success具体化指一件成功的事情或一个成功的人时，抽象名词具体化，前面应使用a / an修饰。talented才华横溢的。
2．to calculate。how to do短语做explain的宾语。
☆核心短语☆
1．尝试做(不一定成功)　　　　　　　__try__ doing
If you're a poor driver，you should not try driving at night.
如果你是一个技术差的司机，不要试着在晚上开车。

努力做　　　　　　　　　　　　try __to__do__
试穿(衣服)以检验其是否合身　　　 try __on__
测试或试用　　 try __out__
第一次试着做某事　 try __(one's)__hand__
2．用独特的方式　　　　　　　　　　__in__ a unique way
Express yourself in a unique way!
用一种独特的方式表达你自己！

顺便说说　　　　　　　　　　　　　__by__ the way
途经；取道　 __by__ way of
一路上；自始至终　 __all__the__ way
有几分；在某一方面；在某种程度上　 __in__a__ way
无论如何；在任何情况下　 __in__any__ way
思考：与名词way 搭配的短语还有不少，请你试试，再写出5个好吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
in every way在各方面；完全　in no way决不；无论如何不
in one's own way 自行其是，随心所欲　in one way or another 想方设法　in the way 挡住路；妨碍　in sb.'s way 妨碍某人，阻挠某人
3．考虑到　　　　　　　　　　　　　think __about__
My teacher told me to think about it before I accepted what you gave me.
我的老师告诉我在接受你给我的东西之前先考虑一下。

对某人有更好评价　　　　　think__better__of__
预想　 think __ahead__
回想　 think __back__
想到　 think__of__
【运用提升】
根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
all the way; think ahead; cut up; have a go at;
be off to; cut out of; upwards of; try on
1．If you want to catch the train，you are supposed to ____________ the station immediately.
2．Each room in this hotel is charged at ____________ $50 per night.
3．Several pairs of shoes were ____________，but none of them was satisfactory.
4．It's good to ____________ about what you might do and how you may feel.
5．No matter how difficult it is，he is determined to____________the experiment.
6．____________ the meat, and I’ll cook it later.
7．Billy showed me the article he’d ____________ the magazine.
8．He decided that he would drive ____________ home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
[答案]
1．be off to。句意：如果你想赶上火车，你应该马上去车站。根据上文be supposed to do“应该做某事”可知填动词原形be off to，表示“动身去”。
2．upwards of　3.tried on　4.think ahead
5．have a go at　6.Cut up
7．cut out of。句意：比利给我看他从杂志上剪下来的那篇文章。根据上文he’d可知为过去完成时，故填cut out of，表示“剪下”。
8．all the way。句意：他决定一路开车回家而不在宾馆投宿。all the way一路上；put up (at)“投宿”。
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1．It was while at the New York School of Art that he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings.(P43，Part C)
译：正是在纽约艺术学院这段时期，他在其绘画作品中尝试采用不同的材料，如布和塑料。

该句是一个强调句，被强调的部分是句中的一个省略了主谓的时间状语从句，相当于while he was studying at the New York School of Art。强调句的句型是：It is / was＋被强调部分＋that / who＋剩余部分。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、状语，不过此句型不可以强调谓语、宾语补足语和定语。
例如：
He repaired the desk with his brother yesterday.
It was he who repaired the desk with his brother yesterday.
It was the desk that he repaired with his brother yesterday.
It was with his brother that he repaired the desk yesterday.
It was yesterday that he repaired the desk with his brother.
2．Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(P41，Part A)
译：第二天早上我们刚离开宿舍就意识到我们把地图忘记在房间里了。
[hardly...when...刚……就……]
此结构通常主句谓语动词用过去完成时，从句when后面的动词用过去时。当否定副词hardly放在句首时，主句的主谓用倒装语序，类似的结构还有no sooner...than...；scarcely...when...等。
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
我们刚开始就被叫停。
Scarcely had we gone out when it began to snow.
我们刚一出来就下起雪来了。
No sooner had she reached the station than the train left.
她刚到车站火车就开走了。
拓展：　
“一……就……”的其他表示法：
as soon as；immediately；the moment；directly；the minute / second；no sooner...than；instantly；scarcely...when

用适当的词填空：
①No sooner had she said it____________ she burst into tears.
②Scarcely had the singer appeared on the stage____________ the audience rose and cheered.
完成句子：
③Hardly ____________ ready to continue the topic I talked with my friend when the telephone rang!
我一预备接着那个话题继续跟朋友聊天的时候，电话铃就响了。
④She felt nervous____________ she saw the president.
她一见到总统就感到紧张。
[答案] ①than　②when　③had I been　④the moment

3．Seeing his talent，his father trained him in oil painting.(P37，Part E)
译：看到他的天赋后，他父亲开始训练他画油画。

seeing his talent是v­ing分词做时间状语，其逻辑主语为句子主语his father，相当于时间状语从句：When his father saw his talent，his father trained him in oil painting.
例如：
Knowing that they were going there，the students began to make preparations.
当学生们知道他们要去那儿，就开始做准备了。
＝When the students knew that they were going there，they began to make preparations.
拓展：　
v­ing分词常可以表达时间、原因、条件、结果和伴随等情况。
Playing all day，you will waste your valuable time.
＝If you play all day，you will waste your valuable time.
如果你整天玩，就会浪费你的宝贵时间。(条件状语)
Her husband died，leaving her with five children.
＝Her husband died，and then he left her with five children.
她丈夫死了，留下了她和她的五个孩子。(结果状语)
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.英译汉。
He had no sooner returned to England than he bought a house and went to live there.
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
他刚一回到英国就买下一幢房子并住了进去。
Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Hardly ____________ we sat down at the table when the doorbell rang.
2．The girl left home after quarreling with her parents，____________(make) them quite worried.
3．It is the film ____________ director is Steven Spielberg ____________ attracts quite a few viewers throughout the world.
[答案与解析]
1．had。否定副词hardly置于句首。主句的主谓用部分倒装语序。在此句型中主句谓语动词一般用过去完成时，从句when后面的动词用过去时。hardly... when... 一……就……。
2．making。考查现在分词做状语。现在分词做结果状语表示意料之中的结果，根据句意可知女孩和父母吵架以后就离开了家，那么让父母担心是意料之中的结果。
3．whose；that。考查强调句，强调主语(由一定语从句组成)。句意：正是由Steven Spielberg导演的这部电影吸引了全世界的许多观众。

对应学生用书p134
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ming went to Europe to visit some famous art museums with his aunt and grandmother.They started in Spain 1.____________ went to the city of Málaga, 2.____________ is the birthplace of Picasso. There he was amazed 3.____________ (learn) that Picasso had an output of more than 20，000 pieces of art. What 4.____________ (mention) was that he experimented with different styles of painting. After visiting Spain, they went to Paris，where they saw the Mona Lisa, 5.____________(paint) by Leonardo da Vinci. It is considered the 6.____________ (valuable) painting in the world. What's more, they knew that da Vinci was also an architect, scientist and engineer besides being 7.____________ painter. Apart 8.____________ the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6，000 other European paintings, 9.____________ (range) from the 13th century to the 19th century. During the trip，they also went to the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Today, van Gogh's paintings are worth upwards of 10.____________ (million) of dollars each.
[答案]
1．and　2.which　3.to learn　4.was mentioned　5.painted
6．most valuable　7.a　8.from　9.ranging　10.millions