高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course同步练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course同步练习题，共4页。

主题：人与自然——地球与宇宙奥秘探索
体裁：说明文
词数：411
难度：中
阅读用时：9分钟
背景导入：几个世纪以来，人类一直不懈地进行伟大的探险活动。探险家们一点点地揭开地图上的空白，寻找珍稀的自然资源，抑或是不断刷新人类的极限。通过了解这些勇者的故事，我们可以学习他们崇高的探索精神。
阅读技巧：训练学生快速归纳文章主旨、提取文中细节信息的能力。
原文
The great Nrthern Adventure
It is a general assumptin that Nrth America is rather far frm Asia. Despite the tremendus size f the Pacific Ocean, the gap between the tw cntinents is less than 38 kilmetres at the Bering Strait. This famus channel was named in memry f Vitus Bering, the Danish explrer.
In 1725 the expeditin aiming t explre the east cast f Siberia and find if Asia and America were jined started frm St Petersburg, Russia. As a leader, Bering with his partner Chirikv led 600 peple with tns f supplies.
tk years fr them and their grup t reach the east Siberia, crss the Ob River and the Lena River and get t Okhtsk, where they spent time building ships.
Althugh the exhausted team which travelled 11,400 kilmetres were in bad cnditin, Bering refused t delay and began the vyage. They first sailed acrss the strait which prved that Nrth America and Asia were tw separate cntinents.
The serius prblems cntinued t happen in 1741 in which Bering and Chirikv decided t explre Alaska. As the ship sailed nrth, the tw adventurers lst cntact Bering’s ship landed n Alaska, but didn’t get any fresh water. The crew kept dying ne after anther frm scurvy, a disease caused by the lack f vitamin C, which was getting wrse after drinking the salty water.
On their way back, Bering’s ship was caught in strms. After fighting with the bad weather fr days, the strms destryed the ship and drve it t a small island where there were n trees but a few animals t eat and sme fresh water. Hwever, it was t late fr many f them including Bering, wh died and was buried as a sixty-year-ld man n the island that is nw named after him. The rest f the grup built a small ship with the remains f the ld ne and returned Siberia the next spring.
Bering's life was cntributed t the explratin f nr with many achievements, which were brught back by Chirikv Hwever, these reprts were frgtten because the gvernment had lst interest in them. Decades later, peple eventually realised that Bering was a great explrer fr his expeditin which gathered essential infrmatin abut the east Siberia and the Nrth Pacific and discvered a new part f nrth America. Tday, we have the Bering Sea and the Bering Strait t remind us f the leader f this significant adventure.
① assumptin n.假定；假设
= 2 \* GB3 ② tremendus adj.极大的；巨大的
③ the Bering strait 白令海峡
④ scurvy n. 坏血病
知识点击
It is a general assumptin that… 人们通常认为…
in memry f… 为了纪念……
aiming t explre were jined 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的 expeditin; if Asia and America were jined 是宾语从句
where 引导非限制性定语从句
in bad cnditin状态糟糕
that 引导宾语从句
in which 引导非限制性定语从句
lse cntact 失去联系
ne after anther 一个接一个地
a disease 作 Scurvy 的同位语cause by… 作后置定语，修饰 disease；lack f 意为“缺乏……”
which 引导非限制性定语从句
be caught in 陷入
where 引导非限制性定语从句
wh 引导非限制性定语从句
be cntributed t… 奉献给
which 引导非限制性定语从句
lse interest in… 对失去兴趣
that 引导宾语从句；which 引导限制性定语从句
remind sb f… 使某人想起…
【译文】
伟大的北方探险
我们一般认为亚洲与北美洲相距甚远。尽管太平洋浩瀚无边，但在白令海峡，这两个大陆以不到38千米的距离隔海相望。这一著名的海峡是为纪念丹麦探险家维图斯·白令而命名的。
在1725年，以考察西伯利亚东海岸、探寻亚美两洲是否相连为目标的探险队从俄罗斯圣彼得堡出发。白令作为领队，同他的搭档奇里科夫带领着600人和大量的补给品（出发了）。
几年后白令、奇里科夫和他们的队伍才到达东西伯利亚。他们穿过鄂毕河、勒拿河，抵达了鄂霍次克。在那他们花时间修建了船只。
尽管队伍跋涉了11，400千米后劳累不堪，状态糟糕，但白令不想耽搁，开始了航行。他们首先驶过了海峡，这证明了北美洲和亚洲是两个独立的大陆。
在1741年，白令和奇里科夫决定探索阿拉斯加，但这一年中不断有严重的问题出现。在船向北航行的过程中这两位探险家失去了联系。白亼的船队在阿拉斯加登陆，却找不到一点儿淡水。船员接连地死于坏血病。这是一种由缺乏维生素C而导致的疾病，在喝下威的海水后，病情会恶化在归途中，白令的船队遭遇了暴风雨。与恶劣天气抗争了几天后，船只被暴风雨毁了，并被冲到岛上没有树木，但有一些可以食用的动物和淡水。然而这对于包括白令在内的许多人来说都太晚了。60岁的白令去世并被葬在了那座现今以他的名字命名的岛上。剩下的队员用旧船的残骸建成了一只小船，在第二年春天驶回了西伯利亚。
白令的生命献给了这次成果满满的北方探险，这些成果被奇里科夫带了回来。然而，（当时）政府已经对这些报告失去了兴趣，导致它们被遗忘。几十年后，人们终于意识到白令是一位伟大的探险家，因为他在探险中收集了关于东西伯利亚和北太平洋的重要信息，并发现了北美洲的一部分新大陆。现在，我们有白令海和白令海峡提醒着我们记住这次重要探险的领队。