2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题一阅读理解热考主题1生活学习与工作课件

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题一阅读理解热考主题1生活学习与工作课件，共29页。PPT课件主要包含了知考法考向，知备考方向，Passage 2，Passage 3，Passage 4，Passage 5，Passage 6，Passage 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
选材方面　关注时代发展，选择具有时代特征的语篇；重视生态环保，引导考生树立命运共同体意识；偏好具有思辨性的材料，注重思维品质的考查；选取科学研究类文章，培育乐于探究的科学精神；强化体美劳教育引导，体现运动意识、身心健康、审美情趣和劳动精神。语篇类型方面　说明文、记叙文、应用文是主流，会涉及夹叙夹议文、议论文、书评等类型和广告、通知等非连续性文本及多模态语篇。设题方面　加强批判性思维和辩证思维考查，批判性思维能力一般通过设置推理性、诠释性和批判性问题来考查；大部分试题考查推断、归纳和概括等高阶阅读理解能力。
①平时精选一些与热考主题相关的英语原版文章进行精读，积累其中的词汇，剖析长难句，要特别留意词类的活用和语篇内部的逻辑关系。②培养语篇意识，学会分析语篇内容、语篇结构、主题意义、文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法等；主动发问，创设问题，培养比较、分析、推断、归纳、概括、质疑、评判、建构、创新等思维品质。③无论是阅读还是做试题练习，都要注意所选文章的类型要多样化，除了常见的记叙文、说明文，也要选取一些议论文、书评等类型的文章。④英语学科的阅读理解能力归纳为七项具体能力：理解词汇、理解具体信息、理解主旨要义、理解观点态度、理解目的、推断、理解文章结构类型。所以，在复习时要善于总结做这七类试题的技巧，提高解题能力。
热考主题1 生活、学习与工作
Passage 1话题：数字极简主义　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约320　难度：★★★★☆[2023新课标Ⅰ卷·C]The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.T d s, I divided the bk int tw parts. In part ne, I describe the philsphical fundatins f digital minimalism, starting with an examinatin f the frces that are making s many peple’s digital lives increasingly intlerable, befre mving n t a detailed discussin f the digital minimalism philsphy.Part ne cncludes by intrducing my suggested methd fr adpting this philsphy: the digital declutter. This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days. At the end f the thirty days, yu will then add back a small number f carefully chsen nline activities that yu believe will prvide massive benefits t the things yu value.In the final chapter f part ne, I’ll guide yu thrugh carrying ut yur wn digital declutter. In ding s, I’ll draw n an experiment I ran in 2018 in which ver 1,600 peple agreed t perfrm a digital declutter. Yu’ll hear these participants’stries and learn what strategies wrked well fr them, and what traps they encuntered that yu shuld avid.
The secnd part f this bk takes a clser lk at sme ideas that will help yu cultivate(培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the imprtance f slitude(独处) and the necessity f cultivating high-quality leisure t replace the time mst nw spent n mindless device use. Each chapter cncludes with a cllectin f practices, which are designed t help yu act n the big ideas f the chapter.Yu can view these practices as a tlbx meant t aid yur effrts t build a minimalist lifestyle that wrks fr yur particular is the bk aimed at?A.Teaching critical thinking skills.B.Advcating a simple digital philsphical prblems.D.Prmting the use f a digital des the underlined wrd "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean?　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Clear-up.B.Add-n.C.Check-in.D.Take- is presented in the final chapter f part ne?A.Theretical mdels.B.Statistical examples.D.Histrical des the authr suggest readers d with the practices ffered in part tw?A.Use them as needed.B.Recmmend them t their effects.D.Identify the ideas behind them.
【解析】 本文向读者介绍了一本书，该书解释了何为数字极简主义并提供了实现数字极简主义生活方式的方法。1.B　推断　根据第一段中的"The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism"、第二段中的"digital lives"和最后一段中的"a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle"可推知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。故选B项。2.A　理解词汇　根据第三段第二句"This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days"可知，the digital declutter要求人们远离一些线上活动，即对自己的线上活动进行"清理"。故选A项。
【考情速递】　　高考命题越来越注重试题的综合性。本题既需要同学们读懂画线词declutter后的内容,从中获取信息来猜测生词大致含义，同时本题的四个选项均为复合词,需要同学们理解复合词的词义，综合起来才能推断出本题答案。
3.C　理解具体信息　根据第四段中的"In the final chapter f part ne, I’ll guide yu thrugh carrying ut yur wn digital declutter""Yu’ll hear these participants’stries"可知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。4.A　推断　根据最后一段中的"Yu can view these practices as a tlbx meant t aid yur effrts t build a minimalist lifestyle that wrks fr yur particular circumstances"可知，作者建议读者把这些方法当成帮助自己实现极简主义生活方式的工具，即在需要的时候使用这些方法。故选A项。
Passage 2话题:学校菜园项目　主题语境:人与自我　词数:约275　难度:★★★☆☆　　
话题：学校菜园项目　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约275　难度：★★★☆☆
提高劳动意识[2023新课标Ⅱ卷·B]Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.Jaramill’s students live in neighbrhds where fresh fd and green space are nt easy t find and fast fd restaurants utnumber grcery stres. "The kids literally cme t schl with bags f snacks and large bttles f sft drinks," she says. "They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful." Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.Urban Spruts’classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden. Several times a year, students ck the vegetables they grw, and they ccasinally make salads fr their entire schls.Prgram evaluatins shw that kids eat mre vegetables as a result f the classes."We have students wh say they went hme and talked t their parents and nw they’re eating differently," Jaramill says.
She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues."They get utside," she says, "and they feel successful."1.What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?A.She used t be a health wrker.B.She grew up in a lw-incme wns a fast fd restaurant.D.She is an initiatr f Urban was a prblem facing Jaramill at the start f the prgram?A.The kids’parents distrusted her.B.Students had little time fr her kids disliked garden wrk.D.There was n space fr schl f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.C.Shrt-lived. can be a suitable title fr the text?A.Rescuing Schl GardensB.Experiencing Cuntry LifeC.Grwing Vegetable LversD.Changing Lcal Landscape
【解析】 本文主要介绍了学校菜园项目Urban Spruts的启动背景、目的、内容和意义。1.D　理解具体信息　根据第一段中的"says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts"可知，Abby Jaramill是Urban Spruts项目的创始人。故D项正确。2.C　理解具体信息　本题问的是在这个项目初创时Jaramill面临的一个问题是什么。根据第二段中的"The t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful""sme are ff by the dirt"可知，这个项目刚开始时面临的一个问题就是她的一些学生不喜欢干菜园的活儿。故C项正确。3.A　推断　根据最后一段可知,这个学校菜园项目不仅能让学生吃得更有营养，而且还让那些有情绪控制问题的学生感到成功。由此可推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故A项正确。4.C　理解文章主旨要义　通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Abby Jaramill 发起Urban Spruts项目，带领学生种植蔬菜的故事，学生们开始对园艺感兴趣。因此C项"蔬菜种植爱好者"适合作为本文标题。
话题：工作与敬业　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约310　难度：★★★☆☆
[2023全国乙卷·B]Living in Iwa and trying t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape(风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.Althugh landscapes in the Midwest tend t be quite similar, either farm fields r highways, smetimes I find distinctive character in the hills r lakes. T make sme f my landscape shts, I have traveled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame. I tend t travel with a few f my friends t state parks r t the cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way.Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style f phtgraphy. I ften leave early t seek the right destinatins s I can set up early t avid missing the mment I am attempting t phtgraph. I have missed plenty f beautiful sunsets/sunrises due t being n the spt nly five minutes befre the best mment.One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil’s Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz(石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever, we did nt mark the rute(路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the
place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time des the authr deal with the challenge as a landscape phtgrapher in the Midwest?A.By teaming up with ther shting in the cuntryside r state studying the gegraphical creating settings in the crn is the key t successful landscape phtgraphy accrding t the authr?A.Prper time management.B.Gd shting spirit.D.Distinctive can we infer frm the authr’s trip with friends t Devil’s Lake?A.They went crazy with the purple quartz felt stressed while waiting fr the reached the shting spt later than had prblems with their des the authr find his phts taken at Devil’s Lake?A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.C.Encuraging.D.Cmfrting.
【解析】 本文叙述了美国爱荷华州的一位摄影师的拍摄日常，为了拍出优秀的风景照，摄影师付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然有收获也有遗憾。1.B　理解具体信息　根据第二段的"T make sme f my landscape cuntryside t g n adventures and take phts alng the way"可知，作者和他的朋友们到州公园或农村去拍照，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。故B项正确。2.A　理解具体信息　根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。第三段的最后一句验证了作者所说。故A项正确。3.C　推断　根据第四段的"Hwever, we did nt mark the rute(路线) was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time"可知，文中描述的是几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们比预想的到达得晚。故C项正确。
4.B　推断　根据第四段中的"Still, lking back n the I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely"可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些自己拍的最好的照片。故B项正确。
【二次精读】　　核心单词： distinctive adj.独特的 核心短语：specialize in 专攻，专门研究　tend t d sth. 往往会做某事　n the spt在现场　a bunch f 一串，一束；大量
话题：英国人改变饮食习惯　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约295　难度：★★★☆☆
[2023全国乙卷·C]What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain’s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK’s
bsessin(痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger "uncl" fr bys t like d peple usually think f British fd?　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.It is simple and plain.B.It is rich in lacks authentic tastes.D.It deserves a high best describes ckery prgrammes n British TV?A.Authritative.B.Creative.C.Prfitable. is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?A.20%.B.24%.C.25%.D.33%.4.What might the authr cntinue talking abut?A.The art f cking in ther chefs n TV manners in the f big eaters.
【解析】 英国的一些烹饪类电视节目使更多的英国人改变饮食习惯并爱上烹饪。1.A　推断　根据第一段的"But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine"可知，英国的食物通常被认为是简单的、不吸引人的。故选A。2.D　推断　根据第二段最后一句"It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking"可知，英国的烹饪类电视节目对观众影响很大，改变了他们对烹饪的看法。故选D。authritative"权威性的"；creative"富有创意的"；prfitable"有利可图的"；influential"有很大影响的"。 3.D　理解具体信息　根据第三段第二句"Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t"可知,近三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更丰富了，故选D。4.B　推断　根据最后一段最后一句"With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger ‘uncl’ fr bys t like cking"可知，随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上，男孩喜欢烹饪不再是"不酷"的事了。因此可推断，接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男厨师。故选B。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：cuisine n.烹饪；(餐厅或酒店的)特制饭菜，菜肴　frequently adv.频繁地　analyst n.分析者　expand v.扩大 核心短语： have a reputatin fr 以……著称　 advertising campaign 广告宣传活动　turn away frm sth. 停止使用某物，不再对某事物感兴趣；拒绝　apply fr申请 　 a variety f 各种各样的　(be) cnfident abut对……充满自信难句分析：It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits.分析：本句是一个强调句，被强调部分是"thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign"。译文：多亏了这些电视节目的厨师们,而不是任何广告宣传活动，英国人正在对一荤两素和现成的饭菜失去兴趣，且在烹饪习惯上变得更有冒险精神。
【考情速递】　　高考阅读理解考查方式越来越灵活多变，本题将阅读理解与读后续写题型相结合，考查同学们根据文本信息推断文章后续发展的能力。
话题：评分原则　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约240　难度：★★☆☆☆
[2022新高考Ⅰ卷·A]　　Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t LiteratureGrading Scale90‒100, A; 80‒89, B; 70‒79, C; 60‒69, D; Belw 60, E.Essays(60%)Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1=10%; Essay 2=15%; Essay 3=15%; Essay 4=20%.Grup Assignments(30%)Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments(作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk(10%)Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class’lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late WrkAn essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be is this text prbably taken frm?　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.A textbk.B.An exam paper.C.A curse plan.D.An academic many parts is a student’s final grade made up f?A.Tw.B.Three.C.Fur. will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?A.Yu will receive a zer.B.Yu will lse a letter will be given a test.D.Yu will have t rewrite it.
【解析】 本文介绍了文学入门这门课程的评分原则。1.C　推断　题干问的是"这篇文章可能节选自哪里"。浏览全文可知,本文介绍了文学入门这门课程的评分原则,由此可推知,本文可能节选自一个课程计划，故选C项。2.B　理解具体信息　题干问的是"学生的期末成绩由几部分组成"。根据文中的"Essays (60%)" "Grup Assignments (30%)" "Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)" 可知，学生的期末成绩由三部分组成。故选B项。3.A　理解具体信息　题干问的是"如果你在截止日期过后一周才提交文章会发生什么"。根据题干可将解题信息定位于文章的最后一部分，根据"If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer"(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天之前上交，你将会得到零分)可知，如果你在截止日期过后一周才上交，你的成绩将会是零分。故选A项。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：plicy n. 原则　cmbine v. 结合 cmplete v. 完成　submit v. 提交　previus adj. 先前的核心短语：vary 从……到……不同　turn in 上交词缀变形：additinally adv. 另外，此外→additinal adj. 额外的
话题：儿童博物馆团体游　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约235　难度：★★☆☆☆
[2022新高考Ⅱ卷·A] Children’s Discvery MuseumGeneral Infrmatin abut Grup PlayPricingGrup Play $7/persnSchlarshipsWe ffer schlarships t lw-incme schls and yuth rganizatins, subject t availability. Participatin in a pst-visit survey is required.Schlarships are fr Grup Play admissin fees and/r transprtatin. Transprtatin invices(发票) must be received within 60 days f yur visit t guarantee the schlarship. Grup SizeWe require ne chaperne (监护人) per ten children. Failure t prvide enugh chapernes will result in an extra charge f $50 per absent adult. Grup Play is fr grups f 10 r mre with a limit f 35 peple. Fr grups f 35 r mre, please call t discuss ptins.HursThe Museum is pen daily frm 9:30 am t 4:30 pm. Grup Play may be scheduled during any day r time the Museum is pen.
Registratin PlicyRegistratin must be made at least tw weeks in advance.Register nline r fill ut a Grup Play Registratin Frm with multiple date and start time ptins.Once the registratin frm is received and prcessed, we will send a cnfirmatin email within tw business days.Guidelines•Teachers and chapernes shuld mdel gd behavir fr the grup and remain with students at all times.•Children are nt allwed unaccmpanied in all areas f the Museum.•Children shuld play nicely with each ther and exhibits.•Use yur indr vice when at the Museum.　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.What des a grup need t d if they are ffered a schlarship?A.Prepay the admissin fees.B.Use the Museum’s a survey after the visit.D.Schedule their visit n many chapernes are needed fr a grup f 30 children t visit the Museum?A.One.B.Tw.C.Three. are children prhibited frm ding at the Museum?A.Using the cmputer.B.Talking with each the exhibits.D.Explring the place alne.
【解析】 本文主要介绍了儿童博物馆团体游的相关内容。1.C　理解具体信息　题干问的是"如果一个团体被提供了奖学金，他们需要做什么?"。根据Schlarships下的"We ffer schlarships... in a pst-visit survey is required"可知，被提供了奖学金的团队需要参与访问后的民意调查。故选C项。2.C　理解具体信息　根据Grup Size下的"We require ne chaperne(监护人) per ten children"可知，每10个孩子需要1个监护人，那么30个孩子则需要3个监护人。故选C项。3.D　推断　根据Guidelines下的"Children are nt allwed unaccmpanied in all areas f the Museum"可知，儿童在博物馆的所有区域内都必须有监护人的陪伴，即儿童不能单独探索博物馆。故选D项。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：participatin n.参与　guarantee v.保证，担保　schedule v.安排，预定核心短语：subject t availability视情况而定　result in造成；导致　in advance预先，事先熟词生义：prcess　常用义：n.过程；进程Repetitin can help the learning prcess.重复对学习过程会有所帮助。文章义：v.处理(文件、请求)等All university applicatins are prcessed thrugh this system.所有大学入学申请都是由这个系统处理的。
话题：宠物运送员　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约345　难度：★★★☆☆
[2022年1月浙江卷·A]Fr nearly a decade nw, Merebeth has been a self-emplyed pet transprt specialist. Her pet transprt jb was brn f the financial crisis(危机) in the late 2000s. The dwnturn hit the real estate(房地产) firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager. The firm went brke and left her lking fr a new jb. One day, while driving near her hme, she saw a dg wandering n the rad, clearly lst. She tk it hme, and her sister in Denver agreed t take it. This was a lving hme fr sure, but 1,600 miles away. It didn’t take lng fr Merebeth t decide t drive the dg there herself. It was her first rad trip t her new jb.Merebeth’s pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her t every state in the US except Mntana, Washingtn and Oregn, she says prudly. If she wants t visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transprt needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven thrugh 55 mph winds in Wyming, heavy flding and strms in Alabama and ttal whiteut cnditins in Kansas.This wanderlust is inherited frm her father, she says. He mved their family frm Canada t Califrnia when she was ne year ld, because he wanted them t explre a new place tgether. As sn as she graduated frm high schl she left hme t live n Catalina Island ff the Califrnia cast, away frm her parents, where she enjyed a life f sailing and ff-rad biking.
It turns ut that pet transprting pays quite well at abut $30,000 per year befre tax. She desn’t wrk in summer, as it wuld be unpleasantly ht fr the animals in the car, even with air cnditining. As autumn cmes, she gets restless — the same ld wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must handle alne, thugh. Merebeth says, "When I’m n the rad I’m just in my wn wrld. I’ve always been independent-spirited and I just feel strngly that I must help animals."　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.Why did Merebeth change her jb?A.She wanted t wrk near her hme.B.She was tired f wrking in the sister asked her t mve t Denver.D.Her frmer emplyer was ut f wrd "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire t 　　　　. A.make mneyB.try varius jbsC.be clse t natureD.travel t different places3.What can we learn abut Merebeth in her new jb?A.She has chances t see rare animals.B.She wrks hard thrughut the relies n herself the whle time.D.She earns a basic and tax-free salary.