2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题一阅读理解热考主题3身心降课件

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题一阅读理解热考主题3身心降课件，共17页。PPT课件主要包含了Passage 1，Passage 2，Passage 3，Passage 4等内容，欢迎下载使用。
话题：让养老院老人养鸡　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约285　难度：★★★☆☆
关注身心健康[2022新高考Ⅰ卷·C]The elderly residents(居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity(慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said:" I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl."I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed."It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful."There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said:"Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here." Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said:"We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities."1.What is the purpse f the prject?A.T ensure harmny in care hmes.B.T prvide part-time jbs fr the raise mney fr medical research.D.T prmte the elderly peple’s has the prject affected Ruth Xavier?A.She has learned new life has gained a sense f has recvered her has develped a strng d the underlined wrds "embark n" mean in paragraph 7?A.Imprve.B.Oppse.C.Begin. can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?A.It is well received.B.It needs t be mre is highly prfitable.D.It takes ages t see the results.
【解析】 养老院通过让老人养鸡来使他们减少孤独感，改善健康状况。1.D　理解具体信息　题干问的是"这个项目的目的是什么?"。根据题干我们可以定位到文章的第二段，根据第二段的内容可知，该项目由当地一家慈善机构想出，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善其健康状况。故选D项。2.B　推断　题干问的是"这个项目是如何影响Ruth Xavier的?"。根据题干我们可以定位到文章的第五段，根据第五段Ruth Xavier说的对这个项目的感受"我很享受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情让我感觉很好"可推知，她从这个项目中获得了成就感。故选B项。3.C　理解词汇　题干问的是"第七段中的画线单词‘embark n’是什么意思?"。根据题干我们可以定位到文章的第七段，根据第七段Wendy Wilsn说的话"居民们非常欢迎这个项目的想法和这些创造性的活动。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣"并结合画线部分可推知，画线部分所在句的意思是"第一批开始这个项目的人之一"，因此画线部分的意思为"开始"，故选C项。
4.A　推断　题干问的是"从最后两段我们可以了解到关于这个项目的什么信息?"。根据题干我们可以定位到文章的最后两段，最后两段讲述了一些人参与到这个项目的感受。根据Wendy Wilsn和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个项目得到了好评。故选A项。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：suffer v. 患有，遭受　financial adj. 财政的；财务的 cnnect v.把……联系起来核心短语：lk after 照顾，照看　stp sb. (frm) ding sth. 阻止某人做某事　dream up 想出(尤指不同寻常的计划、主意) in use 使用中　lk frward t 期待词缀变形：reductin n.减少→reduce v.减少高级句式：I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.分析：本句中letting the hens ut是现在分词短语作伴随状语，t see they’ve gne t bed是动词不定式短语作目的状语，they’ve gne t bed是省略了连接词that的宾语从句。
话题：锻炼对心脏的好处　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约350　难度：★★★☆☆
提倡体育运动[2022新高考Ⅱ卷·D]As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in prcessing xygen as it used t be. In mst peple the first signs shw up in their 50s r early 60s. And amng peple wh dn’t exercise, the changes can start even sner."Think f a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer fr 20 years and it will becme dry and easily brken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University f Texas. That’s what happens t the heart. Frtunately fr thse in midlife, Levine is finding that even if yu haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape nw may help imprve yur aging heart.Levine and his research team selected vlunteers aged between 45 and 64 wh did nt exercise much but were therwise healthy. Participants were randmly divided int tw grups. The first grup participated in a prgram f nnaerbic (无氧) exercise — balance training and weight training — three times a week. The secnd grup did high-intensity aerbic exercise under the guidance f a trainer fr fur r mre days a week. After tw years, the secnd grup saw remarkable imprvements in heart health. "We tk these 50-year-ld hearts and turned the clck back t 30- r 35-year-ld hearts," says Levine. "And the reasn they gt s much strnger and fitter was that their hearts culd nw fill a lt better and pump (泵送) a lt mre bld during exercise." But the hearts f thse wh participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says. "The sweet spt in life t start exercising, if yu haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still
has flexibility," Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-lds thrugh a yearlng exercise training prgram, and nthing happened t them at all."Dr. Nieca Gldberg, a spkeswman fr the American Heart Assciatin, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs t be repeated with far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which aspects f an exercise rutine make the biggest des Levine want t explain by mentining the rubber band?A.The right way f exercising.B.The causes f a heart difficulty f keeping fit.D.The aging prcess f the which aspect were the tw grups different in terms f research design?A.The diet plan.B.The prfessinal exercise type.D.The previus physical des Levine’s research find?A.Middle-aged hearts get yunger with aerbic exercise is mre suitable fr the is never t late fr peple t start taking mre exercise we d, the strnger ur hearts des Dr. Nieca Gldberg suggest?A.Making use f the findings.B.Interviewing the study further research.D.Clarifying the purpse f the study.
【解析】 研究发现，锻炼对心脏有好处。1.D　理解具体信息　题干问的是"Levine想通过提到橡皮筋来解释什么?"。根据题干我们将解题信息定位到文章的第二段。根据第二段中的"Think f a rubber t the heart"可知，想想橡皮筋，一开始,它是灵活的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变干，很容易断裂，这也是心脏会发生的变化。由此可知，Levine想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程，故选D项。2.C　理解具体信息　题干问的是"就研究设计而言，两组在哪个方面有差异?"根据题干我们将解题信息定位到文章的第三段。根据第三段中的"The first grup... mre days a week"可知，第一组每周参加三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练，第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。由此可知，两组在研究设计上的差异是运动类型不同，故选C项。3.A　理解具体信息　题干问的是"Levine的研究发现了什么?"。根据第三段中的"The secnd grup ... in heart health"可知，第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。再根据第四段中的"We tk hearts"可知，我们使这些50岁的心脏回到30或35岁的心脏的状态。由此可知，Levine的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A项。
4.C　推断　题干问的是"Nieca Gldberg博士有什么建议?"。根据题干我们将解题信息定位到文章的最后一段。根据最后一段中的"But the study ... the biggest difference"可知,但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。由此可知，Nieca Gldberg博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选C项。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：efficient adj.有能力的；效率高的　enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的　randmly adv.随意地　participate v.参与；参加　remarkable adj.显著的；引人注目的；非凡的　flexibility n.灵活性　aspect n.方面熟词生义：age 常用义：n.年龄　文章义：v.变老；使变老As he aged, his memry gt wrse.他随着年事增高，记忆力就变差了。高级句式：Frtunately fr thse in midlife, Levine is finding that even if yu haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape nw may help imprve yur aging heart. 分析：that even heart是that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中的even if 引导让步状语从句，getting in shape是动名词短语作主语。
话题：女性健康研究　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约330　难度：★★★★☆
关注身体健康[2022年1月浙江卷·C]The benefits f regular exercise are well dcumented but there’s a new bnus t add t the ever-grwing list. New research fund that middle-aged wmen wh were physically fit culd be nearly 90 percent less likely t develp dementia(失智症) in later life — and if they did, it came n a decade later than less sprty wmen.Lead researcher Dr Helena Hörder, f the University f Gthenburg in Sweden, said:"These findings are exciting because it’s pssible that imprving peple’s cardivascular(心血管的) fitness in middle age culd delay r even prevent them frm develping dementia." Fr the study, 191 wmen with an average age f 50 tk a bicycle exercise test until they were tired ut t measure their peak(最大值的) cardivascular capacity. The average peak wrklad was measured at 103 watts.A ttal f 40 wmen met the criteria fr a high fitness level with a capacity f 120 watts r higher, while 92 wmen were in the medium fitness categry. A ttal f 59 were f lw fitness level, with a peak wrklad f 80 watts r less, r having their tests stpped because f health prblems.These wmen were then tested fr dementia six times ver the fllwing fur decades. During that time, 44 f the wmen develped dementia. Five percent f the highly fit wmen develped dementia, cmpared t 25 percent f the wmen with medium fitness and 32 percent f the wmen with lw fitness.
"Hwever, this study des nt shw cause and effect between cardivascular fitness and dementia, it nly shws an assciatin," said Hörder. "Mre research is needed t see if imprved fitness culd have a psitive effect n the risk f dementia and als t lk at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is mst imprtant." She als admitted that a relatively small number f wmen were studied, all f whm were frm Sweden, s the results might nt be applicable t ther is n the ever-grwing list mentined in the first paragraph?A.Psitive effects f ding exercise. B.Exercises suitable fr the middle- studies n dementia.D.Advantages f sprty wmen ver did the researchers ask the wmen t d bicycle exercise?A.T predict their maximum heart rate. B.T assess their cardivascular change their habit f wrking ut. D.T detect their ptential health d we knw abut Dr Hörder’s study?A.It aimed t find a cure fr dementia. B.Data cllectin was a lengthy participants withdrew frm it. D.The results were far frm f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?A.Mre Wmen Are Exercising t Prevent Dementia B.Middle-Aged Wmen Need t D Mre ExerciseC.Fit Wmen Are Less Likely t Develp Dementia D.Biking Imprves Wmen’s Cardivascular Fitness
【解析】 一项新的研究表明，保持身体健康的中年女性晚年患失智症的可能性能够降低将近90%。1.A　理解具体信息　根据第一段首句"The benefits f regular exercise ... the ever-grwing list"可知，定期锻炼的好处在不断增加，故选A。2.B　理解具体信息　根据题干中的"bicycle exercise"可将解题信息定位至第三段，该段的"191 wmen with an average age f 50... measure their peak(最大值的) cardivascular capacity"表明，研究者们要求女士们完成骑自行车测试是为了评估她们的心血管能力。3.B　推断　根据第五段首句"These wmen were then tested ... the fllwing fur decades"和下文中的"44 f the wmen develped dementia""Five percent f the highly fit wmen develped dementia""25 percent f the wmen... with lw fitness"等内容可知，研究者们在进行了长达40年的跟踪测试后得到了研究数据。由此可推断，该研究的数据收集过程很长。
4.C　理解主旨要义(标题判断)　阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的"New research fund that middle-aged wmen wh were physically fit decade later than less sprty wmen"可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，该研究表明保持身体健康的中年女性晚年患失智症的可能性能够降低将近90%。故C项能概括文章大意，作标题最佳。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：dcument v.记录，记载 n.文件，公文，文献，证件　sprty adj.喜爱运动的，擅长体育运动的　capacity n.能力；容积；生产量，生产能力　criteria n.标准，准则，原则　assciatin n.因果关系；联想，联系；社团，协会　applicable adj.适合的，适用的
话题：情商　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约290　难度：★★★★☆
思辨型选材[2021新高考Ⅰ卷·D]Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal(情感的) intelligence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn’s makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and "peple skills." Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis(重视)n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives(视角)frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right is a cmmn misunderstanding f emtinal intelligence?A.It can be measured by an IQ test.B.It helps t exercise a persn’s includes a set f emtinal skills.D.It refers t a persn’s psitive des the authr mentin "dctr" and "cheater" in paragraph 2?A.T explain a rule.B.T clarify a cncept.C.T present a fact.D.T make a is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?A.Favrable.B.Intlerant.C.Dubtful. des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?A.Its appeal t the public.B.Expectatins fr future practical applicatin.D.Scientists with new perspectives.
【解析】 在某些情况下，情商的普及改变了其原来的含义。情感技巧可以促成我们身上一些优秀品质的形成,情商的普及总体上利大于弊，同时作者也希望未来对情感的研究可以更科学、更学术一些，希望科技的进步能为此类研究提供新的视角。1.D　理解具体信息　根据第一段中的"Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable ...‘peple skills’"可知，许多人错误地把情商看作一个人身上几乎所有的优秀品质，故D项正确。2.B　理解目的　根据第二段的内容可知，作者在这一段首先陈述了一个观点,即我们更喜欢将情商描述为一组既可用于好的目的，也可用于坏的目的的特定技能，然后作者通过医生和骗子的例子来阐释这个观点，故B项正确。3.A　理解观点、态度　根据第三段中的"the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than helped bth the public and researchers... in everyday life"可知，作者对情商普及化的态度是支持的，故A项正确。favrable "肯定的，赞同的，支持的"。4.B　理解主旨要义(段落大意)　根据最后一段的内容，尤其是"we hpe... study f emtin. It is ur hpe that... pint us in the right directin"可知，本段主要讲述了作者对未来有关情商的研究的希望和期待，故B项正确。