备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit1ScienceFiction新人教版选择性必修第四册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit1ScienceFiction新人教版选择性必修第四册，共5页。

1.Mre and mre peple like science fictin. SatisfactinGuaranteed is a shrt sci-fi nvel abut a rbt called Tny，which was ging t be tested ut by Claire. Claire thught Tny lked mre like a human than a machine，and Tny treated Claire with dignity and integrity. He helped Claire with her appintment and the preparatin fr a party. When everything gt ready， Claire dismissed Tny. Hwever， hedeclared that he had fallen in lve with her and then disappeared frm sight. Claire felt mre than guilty. Hwever， everything was ver.
2.Presuming that yu have a chance t get a time machine， yu may have an urge t take ver the wrld. But have yu ever taken all the prs and cns int cnsideratin？ Yu can travel t a special perid at maximum speed t enjy stunning experiences.Hwever， itturns utthat there is a divisin between the past and the present. Yu can’t calculate what will happen next and decide whether a dream is superir t reality. But as lng as the time machine desn’t explde， yu will have randm ptential.
1 guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
1.[北师选必①－2]S many peple culd never g t schl. They didn’t have the chance t learn and get n in life. This wrried me a lt and I felt very guilty being （be） a rich man withut ding anything.
2.向父母说谎之后，我有一种强烈的负罪感。
After lying t my parents， I had a strng sense f guilt .
3.不小心让别人知晓了你的秘密，我感到很内疚。
I felt guilty abut letting ther peple knw yur secret by accident.
2 dismissvt.让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除；不予考虑
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①[外研选必④－5]Althugh his thery has been dismissed by schlars， it shws hw pwerful the secrets f Ancient Maya civilisatin are amng peple. 不予考虑
②[人教选必④－1]The night f the party arrived. The clck struck eight. The guests wuld be arriving sn， s Claire dismissed Tny fr the rest f the night. 让（某人）离开
点拨
句中的strike是高考常考词汇，特别注意一词多义。strike v. （struck；struck）打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时；划（火柴）；使忽然想起n.罢工。
③Mary was at the risk f being dismissed since she always chatted with thers during the wrking time. 解雇
④Dismissing her fears， she climbed higher. 消除
2.He failed t pass the drug test， and the bss had t dismiss him frm his jb.
3.逃跑的念头在心头一闪，但我立刻打消了，认为这样做不现实。（读后续写之心理描写）
The thught f escape crssed my mind， but immediately I dismissed it as unrealistic .
3 declarevt.表明；宣称；公布
1.When they asked him abut his pinin， he declared strngly against the plicy because it ffended his interest.2.[译林选必③－3]Japan had hatched a plt t launch a surprise attack n Pearl Harbr， s the attack began withut warning and withut declaring war n the United States.
3.当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。（读后续写之心理描写）
When the teacher declared me t be the winner f the English Speech Cntest， I was surprised and pleased.
4 urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
1.[译林选必②－4]As we becme mre and mre dependent n cmputers， sme scientists are urging us t think （think） abut the dangers psed by the advances in AI.
2.[人教选必④－1]I had a strng urge t lk （lk）at the randm things that were being flashed befre my eyes！
3.Scientists and pliticians have deeply recgnized the urgent （urge） need t address climate change and take effective actin t prtect the planet fr generatins t cme.
4.父母应该敦促孩子们积极锻炼。
→①Parents are suppsed t urge that their children （shuld） wrk ut actively .（宾语从句）
→②Parents are suppsed t urge their children t take exercise actively .（不定式）
点拨
urge后跟从句时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气，即"（shuld＋）d"形式。类似用法的动词还有：insist（坚决要求），rder，cmmand，advise，suggest（建议），recmmend，request，require，demand等。
5 takever占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①[人教选必④－1]In sci-fi stries， rbts ften becme superir and take ver. 占上风，取而代之
②[人教必修②－4]Almst everywhere yu g in the UK， yu will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry. 接管，接手
2.科技是用来帮助我们的，因此我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。（发言稿）
Technlgy is there t help us， s we shuldn’t allw it t take ver ur life .
6 turnut关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①[人教必修②－5]As it turned ut， there was n need t be nervus because all my hard wrk paid ff and I played perfectly. 证明是，结果是
②[外研必修③－2]In Uganda， Ryan at last saw the finished well with his wn eyes.But that was nt all.He als saw hundreds f delighted students wh had turned ut t welcme him. 在场
③Remember t turn ut the lights when yu g t bed. 关掉，熄灭
点拨
①as it/things turned ut是固定表达，意为"正如后来表明的；果然如此；果不其然"。②well n.水井③remember t d sth.记得做某事；remember ding sth.记得做过某事
2.我们学校的足球比赛结果比我想象的更精彩。（活动介绍）
→① Our schl’s ftball match turned ut t be mre exciting than I imagined. （不定式）
→② It turned ut that ur schl’s ftball match was mre exciting than I imagined. （it作形式主语）
7 mrethan非常；不只是；超过
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①[人教必修②－4]And if yu intrduce yurself t a friendly face， yu are mre than likely t experience lcal culture and custms first-hand. 非常
②Each year，mre than 1，000 additins are made t English dictinaries.Recent additins include "selfie" and "netizen". 超过
③[外研选必③－2]His hard wrk made him mre than a fashin phtgrapher — he was a "cultural anthrplgist"， wh we can thank fr recrding the life f a whle city and its peple ver half a century. 不只是
2.Withut advertising， it will be very difficult fr custmers t judge the wrth f a prduct.
→Withut advertising， it will be mre than difficult fr custmers t judge the wrth f a prduct.（词汇升级）
点拨
除mre than外，表示"非常"的词语还有：highly，extremely，awfully，quite等。
3.男孩听到爆炸声后，非常害怕，迅速跑开了。
Hearing the explsin， the by was mre than frightened and ran away quickly .
形容词后缀-y
1.As we all knw， an astrnaut needs t be healthy （health） and calm in rder t wrk in space.
2.The weather was surprisingly warm and sunny （sun）.
3.I am used t dzing fr a while after lunch， therwise I ften feel sleepy （sleep） and lack passin all the afternn.
4.I was s hungry （hunger） that I culdn’t help taking a bit f the bread Dad had prepared fr me.
5.Tw cars skidded n the icy （ice） pavement and crashed nt the trees alng the side.★feel guilty （abut） ding sth.因做某事而感到内疚
be guilty f有罪责的；有过失的
★guilt n.内疚；悔恨；有罪
a sense f guilt罪恶感
★去除，消除；把……免职
对……不予考虑
★dismissal n.免职，解雇；不予考虑
★declare fr/against声明支持/反对……
declare war n...向……宣战
be/as...宣布……为……
★declaratin n.断言，宣称；宣告，声明
★urge sb. t d sth.＝urge that sb. （shuld） d sth.敦促某人做某事
have/feel an urge t d sth.渴望做某事
★urgent adj.紧急的，迫切的
urgency n.紧急，迫切
★mre than＋形容词非常……
mre than＋数词/从句超过……
mre than＋名词不只是，不仅是
★n mre than 只不过，仅仅
nt mre than 不超过，至多
★与其说……不如说……
-y"充满……的，有……特性的"
本单元
guilt 内疚，有罪→guilty 内疚的，有罪的
haze 雾霭→hazy 朦胧的，模糊的
拓展
dust 灰尘→dusty布满灰尘的
mud 泥→muddy 泥泞的
rain 雨→rainy 多雨的
smke 烟→smky 烟雾弥漫的
juice 汁→juicy 多汁的
anger愤怒→angry愤怒的，生气的
spice 香料→spicy（食物）加有香料的
cream 奶油→creamy似奶油的
salt 盐→salty 含盐的，咸的