外研版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第3册Unit5 Learning from nature课时学案

这是一份外研版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第3册Unit5 Learning from nature课时学案，共24页。


①(2021·天津卷)Kids with preference fr the arts have a greater chance f finding emplyment(emply) in the future．
②(2021·浙江1月卷)Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees(emply) at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay．
③Every autumn，a number f casual wrkers are emplyed t_pick(pick) the fruit n the farm．
④If_I'm_lucky_enugh_t_be_emplyed(如果我足够有幸被雇用)，I will spare n effrt t repay yu fr yur trust．
emply sb．as ...雇用某人为……
emply sb．t d sth．雇用某人做某事
emply neself in ding sth．＝be emplyed in ding sth．忙于(做某事)；从事
emplyer n．雇用者；雇主；老板
emplyee n．雇工；雇员
emplyment n．职业；工作
unemplyment n．失业
be emplyed as a teacher 被聘为教师
emply neself/be emplyed in prtecting the endangered animals 致力于保护濒危动物
①(2021·天津3月卷)Henry David Threau was happy t withdraw frm scial life，seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f his life．
②The cmmander rdered an immediate withdrawal(withdraw) f the trps frm this area．
③A serius leg injury frced_her_t_withdraw_frm_the_cmpetitin(使她不得不退出比赛)．
withdraw frm 从……撤出/退出
从……提取/撤回……
withdrawal n．撤走；收回，取回；(从银行账户中)提款
withdraw mney in a bank 在银行取款
withdraw t their wn rms 回到他们自己的房间
①We had t resign urselves t making(make) a lss n the sales．
②It is said that Mr Smith resigned as headmaster last mnth because he had been ffered a better jb．
③There were calls fr her resignatin (resign) frm the bard f directrs．
④Nbdy_knws_why_Jack_resigned_frm_ffice(没人知道杰克为什么辞职)，fr he did a gd jb in the cmpany．
resign neself t (ding) sth．听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
resign frm 从……辞职
resign as 辞去……的职务
resign 把……托付给
resignatin n．辞职；辞呈；顺从
be resigned t the fate听天由命
resign frm a cmpany 从公司辞职
①He didn't feel cmpletely at ease in the strange surrundings．
②With the help f the Internet，we can btain many learning materials with ease．
③The news that her sn was safe finally eased her f anxiety．
④He was nervus at first but her_warm_welcme_sn_put_him_at_ease(她的热情欢迎很快使他放松下来)．
at ease (with) 不拘束，放松
put sb．at ease 使某人放松
with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地
ease sb．f...减轻某人的……
live a life f ease 过着无忧无虑的生活
feel cmpletely at ease 感到完全放松
pass the exam with ease 轻松通过了考试
be nt at ease with strangers 在陌生人面前很拘束
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Dn't take it persnally(persnal)．If a custmer is rude r difficult，just think “Maybe she's had a rw with her husband．Maybe her child's nt well．”
②Dn't take what he says seriusly(serius)．He likes making fun f thers．
③We have cme t take it fr granted that we can't live withut cell phnes．
④The dctr tld me t take it easy fr a few weeks．
⑤I sincerely hpe that yu will take_my_suggestins_int_accunt/cnsideratin(把我的建议考虑在内)．
 把……放在心上
 认真对待……
take it easy轻松点
 accunt/cnsideratin 把……考虑在内
never take anything fr granted 对任何事情都不要想当然
take yur educatin very seriusly 认真对待教育
[名师点津] granted 后接that从句作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，构成take it fr granted that...结构。
①After I arrived in America，I fund myself living(live) in a cmpletely different culture．
②After wandering in the frest，we fund urselves lst(lse) in a strange path．
③She fund it difficult t vercme her fear f speaking in public as a shy girl．
④He fund having a gd cmmand f English f great imprtance．
⑤When he pened his eyes，he fund_himself_standing_befre_the_vast_blue_sea(发现自己正站在一片蔚蓝的大海前面)．
句中“find＋neself＋宾语补足语”通常表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情况下)突然发现自己处于某种状态”。find的常见复合宾语结构：
find＋宾语＋ eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(动词­ing形式（表示主动、进行）,过去分词（表示被动、完成）,形容词,介词短语))
find＋it＋形容词/名词＋t d 发现/认为做某事……
She wke up and fund herself in a hspital bed．
她醒来发觉自己躺在医院的床上。
①(2022·全国甲卷)While I was amused that he was an animal lver，I wrried that three dgs were perhaps t many，and my dgs might attack Flra，the cat．虽然，尽管
②While yu're away, smene else is ding yur wrk．当……时候
③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients，while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims．然而
④我不在的时候能请你帮我给植物浇浇水和照料一下狗吗？
Culd_yu_please_help_me_water_the_plants_and_take_care_f_the_dg，while I'm away？
while引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然，尽管”，该从句往往位于主句之前。
while引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……时候”，从句谓语动词须用延续性动词。
while引导条件状语从句时，意为“只要”。
while作并列连词时，意为“而，然而”，表示对比，用来连接两个并列分句。
Online vting is beneficial t sme peple，while it puts thers int a dilemma ver whether t vte r nt．
网络投票对一些人有利，却把其他人推到是否投票的尴尬境地。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The emplyment (emply) rate has cntinued t rise in big cities thanks t the effrts f the lcal gvernment．
2．There was n grief in his expressin，nly deep resignatin(resign) because f the unfair treatment in the cmpetitin．
3．One night，she was sleeping heavily in bed when she fund herself trapped(trap) in a big fire．
4．Take yur educatin seriusly(serius)．Yur future depends n it．
5．If yu experience any unusual symptms after withdrawal(withdraw) f the treatment，cntact yur dctr．
6．She was_emplyed(emply) in reading，s she did nt ntice what was happening．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Sme peple waste fd while thers ften g hungry．
2．The mther gently withdrew her hand frm that f the sleeping child．
3．The man is full f wisdm and humrus，s I feel at ease with him．
4．Sme f us always take it fr granted that ur parents r grandparents shuld take care f us．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．If yu already have severe depressive(depress) symptms，then seek help right away．
2．Jane was silent because she was reluctant t_put(put) her thughts int wrds．
3．Many students have expressed dubts abut the wisdm(wise) f artificial intelligence．
4．Althugh the jb is very stressful，yu can get great fulfilment(fulfill) and happiness frm it．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．In this way，we expressed thanks t ur parents in return fr their lve．
2．We can draw sme lessns fr the future frm this accident．
3．It takes 15 minutes t cnvert the plane int a car by remving the wings and the tail．
4．The designer tk inspiratin frm his children's paintings and designed many tys based n them．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)My life as a tax­paying emplyed persn began in middle schl，when，fr three whle days，I wrked in a baking factry．B
A．使用，运用 B．雇用 C．忙于，从事
2．(2021·天津卷)Belw are several tips t ease yurself int cllege life．C
A．缓解，缓和
B．小心缓慢地移动
C．使熟悉
3．(2020·天津卷)Dr．Rwan，whse secretary resigned tw weeks ag，has had t d all his wn typing．A
A．辞职 B．使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于
C．投降
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2019·江苏卷)Chris and Tim ffered us the answer: human beings tk it fr granted that their brains held all the slutins，but maybe their hearts can be a better guide．
本句的主干是Chris and Tim ffered us the answer，冒号后面是answer的同位语。同位语中but连接两个并列分句，but前面的分句中it为形式宾语，替代that引导的宾语从句。
[尝试翻译]克里斯和蒂姆给我们提供了答案：人类想当然地认为他们的大脑掌握着所有的解决办法，但或许他们的内心才可以更好地引领他们。
2．(2013·江西卷)Smetimes what is taken fr granted，like the setting up f a water purificatin plant r the administratin f a schl，culd be useful fr cuntries which are lking abut t slve cmmn prblems．
本句是一个复合句，what is taken fr granted为主语从句，which are lking abut t slve cmmn prblems是定语从句，修饰先行词cuntries。
[尝试翻译]有时像建纯净水厂或者学校管理之类理所当然的(措施)，可能对于寻求解决共有问题的国家来说是有用的。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
We are used 1．t what nature ffers us and we may even take it fr granted that we are 2．the masters f nature．3．Actually(actual)，many architects take 4．inspiratin(inspire) frm nature t make designs fr architecture．And we regard this activity as bimimicry，which 5．shws(shw) the cnnectin between nature and human beings' art and science t create structures 6．based(base) n natural frms and prcesses．Amng them the Algae Huse is a superb example，7．which is the wrld's first algae­pwered building lcated in Hamburg，Germany．Its surface is cvered in panels 8．cntaining(cntain) algae．The building therefre nt nly uses less energy，but reduces damage t the envirnment by generating 9．its(it) wn renewable energy．Creating such buildings enables us t live in 10．clser(clse) harmny with ur envirnment．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
大自然是人类出色的老师，但有些人不情愿甚至反对向大自然学习，认为人类的发明创造都是理所当然的。请你写一篇短文，发表自己的观点。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
Frm the day f birth, in rder t meet the needs f their wn, human beings cnstantly take inspiratin frm nature and seek slutins t prblems．
Fr example, peple learned frm bats t make radars, frm spiders t imprve building standards, and frm dragnflies in pnds t imprve the flight perfrmance f airplanes．Nature is a superb teacher f human beings, but sme peple are reluctant t learn frm nature, taking these inventins and creatins fr granted．Therefre, human beings shuld live in harmny with nature, which in return will bring us great benefits．
While human beings dminate the wrld, we shuld nt vilate the law f nature, therwise we will be punished by it．
动作描写之各种哭泣(二)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“哭”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①听到这个消息，这个女孩心痛如绞，她抽泣起来，哭个不停。
When the girl heard the news，her heart ached，and she_started_t_sb_and_sb，and_culdn't_stp_crying．(简单句)
②她痛苦地抽泣着，品尝着脸上流下的咸咸的泪水。
She sbbed bitterly，tasting the salt frm the tears that_streamed_dwn_her_face．(定语从句)
③过了一会儿，她回头看他，双眼溢满了泪水。
a．After a while she turned rund and lked at him，and her_eyes_were_full_f_tears．(简单句)
b．After a while she turned rund t lk at him，with_her_eyes_full_f_tears．(with复合结构)
④她一张口说话，泪水再次夺眶而出。
Her_tears_brimmed_ver_again as she started t speak．(简单句)
⑤他忍住泪水，并试图安慰她。
He_held/fught_back_his_tears and tried t cmfrt her．(简单句)
⑥一个小时后，她回到自己屋中，又哭出来了。
An hur later，when she returned t her rm，she_wept_again．(简单句)
⑦他静静地站在她的房间外，泪水顺着脸颊淌下来。
a．He std silently utside her rm，and tears_rlled_dwn_his_cheeks．(简单句)
b．He std silently utside her rm，tears_rlling_dwn_his_cheeks．(独立主格)
课时分层作业(三十五)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
eq \a\vs4\al(A) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时6分钟）)
(2022·河北省六校第一次联考)
The pandemic has changed life as we knew it just a few weeks ag．Millins f peple wrldwide are nw under required r vluntary lckdwn．All public attractins，including museums and aquariums，are clsed，and the usually crwded streets f ppular turist destinatins are empty．An unexpected silver lining during these challenging times fr humans is that many animals are finally getting a chance t leave their nrmal habitats and mve abut freely．
The first animals t take advantage f human absence were Annie and Edward，tw penguins wh live at Chicag's Shedd Aquarium．A vide released n March 15，2020，shwed the cuple eagerly duckwalking arund，explring the aquarium's varius exhibits．The vide，which instantly became ppular，inspired ther institutins t share shrt vides f their fur­legged creatures playing as well．
The Cincinnati Z in Ohi jined the fun trend n March 16，2020，with a “Hme Safari” live­stream series—the first starring its adrable baby panda，Fina．“Let us help make yur children's hiatus frm schl fun and educatinal，” z fficials annunced．“Jin us fr a Hme Safari Online Live each weekday at 3 pm，where we will highlight ne f ur amazing animals and include an activity yu can d frm hme．”
Meanwhile，the San Dieg Safari Park has kept their webcams (网络摄像头) rlling，allwing fans t enjy lvable animals withut leaving hme．Animals in the wild are als lively as humans stay indrs．The absence f cruise ships is bringing large numbers f dlphins t a prt in Cagliari，while grups f wild turkeys are happily walking n the streets f Oakland．
Thugh the animals indeed appear t be having a gd time，the heartwarming vides and images shared n scial media，are als bringing much­needed cheer t millins f humans wrldwide．Stay strng and healthy! We are all in this tgether!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。流行病改变了人们的生活，人们被要求闭户而居，大量的旅游景点被关闭。令人们意想不到的是，许多动物终于有机会离开它们正常的栖息地自由活动。这给疫情下封闭的世界带来了生机。
1．What changes has the pandemic caused t the z animals?
A．They are nw under required r vluntary lckdwn．
B．They can enjy a free life withut turists disturbance．
C．They will be faced with unexpected challenges．
D．They get a chance t wander abut freely in the wild．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段尾句中的“many animals abut freely”可知，疫情给动物园的动物离开栖息地提供了机会，它们可以自由玩耍，不受游客干扰，故B项正确。该题容易错选成D项，选错的原因是忽略了题干中的“the z animals”，根据常识可知，动物园的动物在疫情期间不可能到野外自由活动。]
2．What des the underlined wrd “hiatus” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Curse． B．Sightseeing．
C．Activity． D．Interruptin．
D [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“frm schl”和“Jin us frm hme．”可知，该直播系列节目旨在使你的孩子们不上课的这段时间变得有趣并有教育意义。据此可知，画线词义为“间歇，间断”，故D项正确。]
3．Why has the San Dieg Safari Park kept its webcams rlling?
A．T enable peple t admire animals at hme．
B．T film the animals wandering abut in the z．
C．T cmpete fr mre viewers nline．
D．T recrd peple's life in the pandemic crisis．
A [细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“the San Dieg Safari leaving hme”可知，圣地亚哥野生动物园的网络摄像头一直在运行，旨在让人们足不出户就能欣赏到可爱的动物。故A项正确。]
eq \a\vs4\al(B) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时7分钟）)
(2022·重庆市学业质量调研抽测)
The amunt f plastic pllutin in the ceans is rapidly increasing．This is prblematic，as at least 700 species f sea animals may mistake it fr a tasty snack．While we knw that sme species seem t eat plastic because it lks like jellyfish r sme ther fd surces，less research has been carried ut int what plastic smells like t marine animals．
But nw，a study frm the University f Nrth Carlina has fund that the cating f algae that naturally builds up n cean plastics causes the rubbish t give ff the scent f fd．
The researchers tk 15 lggerhead turtles，each arund five mnths ld，and placed them in a labratry tank．They then piped in clean water，clean plastic，turtle fd，and plastic that had been immersed in the marine envirnment fr five weeks．
The turtles shwed n reactin t the smells f clean water r clean plastic．But when they were expsed t the smells f cean­saked plastic r turtle fd，they exhibited fd­seeking behavirs like reaching their nses ut f the water r shwing increasing activities．
“This finding is the first demnstratin that the smell f cean plastics causes animals t eat them，” said Dr．Kenneth J．Lhmann，wh tk part in the study．“It's cmmn t find lggerhead turtles with their digestive systems fully r partially blcked because they've eaten plastic materials．There are als increasing reprts f sea turtles that have becme ill and stranded n the beach due t their ingestin f plastic．”
Accrding t the researchers，areas f the cean with dense cncentratins f plastic may trick turtles and ther animals int thinking that there is an abundant fd surce．“Once these plastics are in the ceans，we dn't have a gd way t remve them r prevent them frm smelling like fd，” said Lhmann．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。海洋塑料垃圾因气味被海洋生物误以为是食物而食用，这极大地危害了海洋生物的生存。但是，目前人类没有好的办法可以解决海洋生物误食塑料的问题，这就需要我们尽可能阻止塑料垃圾进入海洋。
4．Why is plastic pllutin psing a threat t marine animals?
A．The animals may eat up all jellyfish．
B．Marine animals may cnsider it as fd．
C．It may kill them with its smell．
D．It may trap 700 species f sea animals．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is prblematic，as at least 700 species f sea animals may mistake it fr a tasty snack．”可知，塑料污染给海洋动物带来的最大的威胁在于很多海洋生物会把塑料垃圾看作食物，故B项正确。]
5．What may attract the lggerhead turtles in the labratry tank t search fr fd?
A．Sea water．
B．Clear water．
C．Brand­new plastic．
D．Sea­saked plastic．
D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But when they were expsed t the smells f cean­saked plastic r turtle fd，they exhibited fd­seeking behavirs like reaching their nses ut f the water r shwing increasing activities．”可知，实验显示最吸引海龟觅食的是浸泡过海水的塑料或龟粮，故D项正确。]
6．What can be inferred frm Lhmann's wrds in the last paragraph?
A．Turtles shuld be trained t be mre intelligent．
B．Plastics shuld be kept frm getting int the cean．
C．An abundant fd surce shuld be ffered t sea animals．
D．Researchers shuld cme up with a slutin t the current prblem．
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中Lhmann所说的话“Once these plastics are in the ceans，we dn't have a gd way t remve them r prevent them frm smelling like fd”可知，一旦塑料垃圾进入海洋，就没有办法去除它们或阻止它们闻起来像食物。据此可以推断，塑料垃圾应被阻止进入海洋，故B项正确。]
7．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Ways Fund t Remve Plastics
B．Lggerhead Turtles Faced with Fd Shrtage
C．Ocean Plastics Smell Like Fd t Turtles?
D．Plastic Pllutin — Cmprmise r Cntrl?
C [标题归纳题。结合文章大意可知，本文介绍了海洋塑料垃圾散发出来的气味让海洋生物误以为它是食物而食用，从而对海洋生物的生存造成极大的伤害的现状，故C项最适合作本文的标题。]
eq \a\vs4\al(C) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时7分钟）)
(2022·南昌市摸底测试)
When yu walk n a sandy beach，it takes mre energy than walking dwn a sidewalk—because the weight f yur bdy pushes int the sand．It turns ut that the same thing is true fr vehicles driving n rads．
“The weight f the vehicles creates a very shallw indentatin (凹痕) in the pavement—like it's cntinuusly driving up a very shallw hill，”said Jeremy Gregry，a scientist at MIT．He mdeled with his teammates hw much energy culd be saved and hw much greenhuse gases culd be avided by simply hardening the natin's rads and highways．
And they fund that hardening 10 percent f the natin's rads every year culd prevent the emissin equal t 440 megatns f carbn dixide ver the next 5 decades—that amunt is equal t hw much CO2 yu'd spare the planet by keeping a billin barrels f il in the grund r by grwing 7 billin trees fr a decade．It reduces 0.5% f prjected transprtatin emissins ver that time perid．
As fr hw t harden rads，Gregry says yu culd cmbine small amunts f certain fibre with high technlgy int paving materials．Or yu culd pave the rads with specially­made cncrete，which is harder than rdinary cnstructin materials．
This system culd als be a way t shave carbn emissins withut sme f the usual barriers．“Usually，when it cmes t reducing emissins in the transprtatin sectr，yu're talking abut changing plicies related t vehicles and als driver behavir，which invlves millins and millins f peple—as ppsed t changing the way we design and preserve ur pavements．That's just n the rder f thusands f peple wh are wrking in transprtatin agencies．” And when it cmes t imprving ur streets and highways—thse agencies are where yu might say the rubber meets the rad．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院的科学家Jeremy Gregry和他的团队利用“在不够坚硬的路面上行驶会消耗更多的能量”这一规律，发现通过简单地硬化路面就可以减少温室气体的排放。
8．Hw des the authr develp paragraph 3?
A．By giving examples．
B．By making classificatin．
C．By listing figures．
D．By analyzing causes．
C [推理判断题。通过第三段中所列举的一些数字可知，本段是采用列数字的写作手法展开的。故C项正确。]
9．What des Gregry suggest fr hardening rads?
A．Mixing fibre with special cncrete．
B．Changing regular paving materials．
C．Creating hi­tech cmputer mdels．
D．Using rdinary building materials．
B [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“yu culd cnstructin materials．”可知，他建议用比普通的建筑材料更硬的特制混凝土铺路，即改变普通的铺路材料。故B项正确。]
10．What is an advantage f the rad­hardening system?
A．It reduces cnstructin csts．
B．It prfits transprtatin agencies．
C．It regulates driver behavir．
D．It avids invlving t many peple．
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Usually，when it cmes ur pavements．”可知，当人们谈到减少尾气排放时，其实是在谈论改变与交通工具相关的政策和司机行为，这牵涉很多人；而改变道路的设计和维护却恰恰相反，即硬化道路这一方法不会牵涉太多人。故D项正确。]
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Walking Dwn Beaches r Sidewalks?
B．Hardening Rads Helps Save Energy
C．Hw t Cut Dwn Carbn Emissins
D．A System f Hardening Rads
B [标题归纳题。本文主要讲述科学家发现了“在不够坚硬的路面上行驶会消耗更多的能量”这一规律，并通过模拟和实践证明硬化路面可以节省能量，减少温室气体的排放。故B项正确。]
Ⅱ．完形填空 eq \a\vs4\al(（限时12分钟）)
(2022·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试)
I am a single father with tw yung daughters．It had been a(n) __1__ year: Being ut f wrk __2__ me f a reliable incme and thus I was always lw n mney．I hated t __3__ my girls．But as the New Year apprached，with little chice，I was __4__ t tell the girls，“It lks like ur gift will be the gift f ur __5__ fr each ther．” Still，I culdn't stp feeling __6__．
Then，unexpectedly，a(n) __7__ ccurred t me．I __8__ $1，000 in a cntest．T give them a __9__， I kept it a secret and went shpping n my wn．Back hme I wrapped presents in the basement fr my girls，all the time __10__，“Hw amazed they will be！” The next mrning，t __11__ the gifts，I went t the living rm and __12__．There were already dzens f presents—all with my name n them．My girls had felt __13__ that Dad wuldn't be getting any gifts，s they'd __14__ wrapped their favrite stuffed animals and ther tys s that I wuld have a happy New Year．
As I stared at the gifts thrugh __15__ eyes，I prmised myself that this was the best New Year that I had ever had．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个有两个女儿的单亲爸爸，但是失业让作者失去了稳定的收入。新年来临之际，作者不得不告诉孩子们，今年的礼物只能是彼此的爱了。没想到，作者后来在竞赛中得了奖金，于是，他偷偷地买了礼物想要给孩子们一个惊喜。而孩子们也精心给父亲准备了新年礼物——精心包装的玩具。
1．A．rdinary B．happy
C．typical D．rugh
D [根据下文中的“Being ut f always lw n mney”可知，作者这一年过得很艰难。]
2．A．reminded B．rbbed
C．infrmed D．cnvinced
B [根据句意可知，失业让作者失去了稳定的收入。rb sb．f sth．“剥夺某人某物”，故B项符合语境。remind sb．f sth．“使想起(类似的事物)”；infrm sb．f sth．“通知某人某事”；cnvince sb．f sth．“使某人相信某事”。]
3．A．disappint B．warn
C．push D．cntrl
A [结合语境和常识可知，作者不愿意让孩子们失望。]
4．A．asked B．chsen
C．expected D．frced
D [根据上文中的“But as the New Year apprached，with little chice”可知，随着新年的临近，作者几乎没有别的选择，只得被迫告诉孩子们真相。]
5．A．lve B．request
C．respect D．pity
A [根据上文中的“Being ut f always lw n mney”可知，作者没有钱买礼物，所以只能让一家人分享彼此的爱。]
6．A．respnsible B．panic
C．guilty D．pleased
C [根据上文可知，尽管作者很爱孩子们，但是没有钱给孩子们买礼物仍然让作者感到很内疚。]
7．A．idea B．miracle
C．pprtunity D．failure
B [结合语境和常识可知，作者在竞赛中赢得了1 000美元，这真是一个奇迹。]
8．A．lst B．cllected
C．dnated D．wn
D [参见上题解析。]
9．A．gift B．favr
C．surprise D．lessn
C [根据下文中的“I kept it a secret and went shpping n my wn”再结合常识可知，作者将自己中奖的消息保密，自己去购物了，故此处是指作者想要给孩子们一个惊喜。]
10．A．wndering B．dubting
C．remembering D．thinking
D [结合上文可知，作者想要给孩子们一个惊喜，因此在包礼物的时候一直在想“她们将会多么惊讶”。]
11．A．lay ut B．set up
C．hand ver D．get tgether
A [结合语境和常识可知，第二天早上作者去客厅摆放礼物。lay ut“摆放”；set up“安排，创建”；hand ver“(把某事)交给……负责”；get tgether“开会，聚会”。]
12．A．hesitated B．frze
C．waited D．rested
B [根据语境和下文中的“There were already dzens f presents—all with my name n them．”可知，作者本来想给孩子们惊喜，却没想到孩子们给他准备了礼物，因此，作者惊呆了。freeze“惊呆”。]
13．A．thirsty B．cl
C．bad D．natural
C [根据下文中的“wrapped their favrite happy New Year”可知，孩子们为了让爸爸度过一个快乐的新年，便将她们最爱的玩具打包作为礼物送给爸爸。由此可推断，她们对于爸爸没有收到礼物感觉很糟糕。]
14．A．tightly B．carefully
C．slightly D．nervusly
B [结合语境可知，作者一家相亲相爱，孩子们会认真地将自己的玩具打包好作礼物。]
15．A．burning B．charming
C．watery D．picky
C [根据语境和常识可知，面对如此懂事乖巧的女儿们，作者的眼眶湿润了。watery“含水的”；burning“强烈的，火辣辣的”；picky“挑剔的”。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作 eq \a\vs4\al(（限时13分钟）)
(2022·辽宁省名校联盟3月联考)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Eric对你们学校如何上网课很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．你校上网课使用的软件；
2．介绍这款软件；
3．使用效果。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Eric，
I'm delighted t tell yu smething abut hw we have nline classes．_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear_Eric，
I'm_delighted_t_tell_yu_smething_abut_hw_we_have_nline_classes．
We use Alibaba's cmmunicatin app “DingTalk” fr ur e­classes．Every day，we sign in and take classes based n ur schedule．Schl ntices，hmewrk and vides can be sent t us by teachers n the platfrm．Our teachers ften make eye­catching and creative vides and shw them t us，which is really a fun way t learn．
Mst f us lve having classes thrugh “DingTalk”，which helps us finish ur learning task as well as enrich ur learning resurces．
Hpe yu als enjy yur study．
Yurs，
Li_Hua
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·南京市模拟)She refused t leave and sat silently, staring at me angrily frm the back f the rm．
2．(心理描写)(2022·邵阳市模拟)I was like a pnd in which smene had thrwn a stne and it had been spilled up．
3．(人物描写)(2022·沈阳市模拟)Dark­haired, with a yuthful face and thick eyebrws, he had never travelled beynd the United States and his native Mexic．
(2022·广州市综合测试)Then, ne day in Octber, I was really pleased with what I had written, s pleased that I wanted t share．I remember my heart punding in my chest as I raised my hand t read, and thse urgent little vices in my mind listing all the reasns why it wasn't a gd idea: They wn't understand yu．
核心单词检测
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Discver hw architects(architect)，prduct designers and scientists use similar skills in their wrk．
2．India _attained (attain) independence in 1947，after a lng struggle．
3．It is widely acknwledged that students shuld be_evaluated (evaluate) in terms f verall quality．
4．Spring is the best seasn t_sw (sw) seeds while autumn is the seasn when farmers harvest their crps．
5．The winners f the cmpetitin stepped nt the stage，bwing(bw) t all the judges and audiences．
派生单词检测
1．One tablet will purify a litre f water and the purity f the water is tasted regularly．(pure)
2．He can handle cnflicts calmly and wisely，s his wisdm makes me admire him very much．(wise)
3．I've been rejected by all the universities I applied t．That is t say，all my applicatins have met with rejectin．(reject)
4．Frm his depressive/depressed lk，I knw that Huck must be ging thrugh depressing affairs．(depress)
5．They have evaluated，and the evaluatin is nt reliable．(evaluate)
高频短语检测
granted，cnvert ，respnd t，seek slutins t，take inspiratin frm，in return fr，at ease with
1．Dn't take it fr_granted that peple shuld help yu when yu are in truble．
2．Yu shuld think it ver befre respnding_t the questin．
3．Scientists take_inspiratin_frm nature t make their breakthrugh．
4．I felt at_ease_with the village peple and was cntent with my life there．
5．In_return_fr yur help，I invite yu t spend the weekend with my family．
重点句式检测
1．当他苏醒过来时，发现自己躺在一个陌生的房间里。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
When he came t himself，he fund_himself_lying_in_a_strange_rm．
2．他们中有些人赞同这项决定，而另一些人则反对。(while连接并列句)
Sme f them are fr the decisin while_thers_are_against_it．
3．记学习日记是如此重要，以至于我想介绍给你。(动词­ing的短语作主语)
Keeping_a_learning_diary_is_s_imprtant_that I wuld like t intrduce it t yu．
1
emply [课本义]v．使用，运用 [增补义]v．雇用；忙于，从事
2
withdraw [课本义]v．退出 [增补义]v．收回；提，取(银行账户中的钱款)；使撤回；(使)退出
3
resign [课本义]v．使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于 [增补义]v．辞职，辞去(工作、职位等)
4
ease [课本义]n．舒适，悠闲 [增补义]n．容易，轻松 v．缓解，缓和；小心缓慢地移动；使熟悉
5
granted 认为……理所当然
6
[教材原句]Visitrs are ften amazed t find themselves in an urban building that s truly captures the beauty f natural frms．
当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。
7
[教材原句]While Ta's return t nature was a reactin t a lifestyle he was ppsed t，Threau's was a persnal decisin t transfrm the way he lived．
陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一种反应， 而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
积累
常诵
①hld/fight back tears 抑制住泪水 ②burst int tears 放声大哭 ③cry bitter/lnely tears 流下痛苦/孤独的泪水 ④be wet with tears/be in tears 泪流满面 ⑤be clse t tears 快哭了 ⑥be filled with/be full f tears 热泪盈眶 ⑦tears well up in ne's eyes 热泪盈眶 ⑧tears rll/run/stream dwn ne's cheeks 泪水滑落脸颊