【期中单元考点讲义】（牛津沪教版） 2023-2024学年九年级英语上册Unit3考点讲义

Unit3 Pets

考点1. opinion     n. 意见，想法，看法

【例题】

The opinion is accepted as true. 这个意见被认为是正确的。

【拓展】

  in one's opinion依某人的看法

  e. g. In my opinion, the second view is one-sided and partial. 我认为，第2种看法是片面的。

考点2. responsibility     n. 责任，负责

【例题】

 I did it on my own responsibility(= without being told to and being willing to take the blame if it had gone wrong).

我做的这件事，由我自己负责。

【拓展】

be responsible for对…负责

e. g. My father is responsible for a big department store in Shanghai.

考点3.  death    n. 死亡

【例句】

 Car accidents have caused many deaths. 车祸造成了许多人死亡。

  death的动词形式是die

  He became very ill and then he died. 他病得很重，接着就死了。

【拓展】

die of死于（疾病、过度悲伤等）

People are dying of cancer more and more often. 死于癌症的人越来越多了。

die from死于（某种原因，不包括疾病、过度悲伤等）

In a severe winter, wild animals can die from lack of food. 在寒冷的冬天，野兽可能因为缺乏食物而饿死。考点4. respect   n.＆ v.  尊重，慎重对待

【例句】

The new teacher soon won the respect of his students. 这位新来的老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。

【拓展】

 respectable   adj. 值得尊敬的

考点5.faithfully   adv. 忠实地，忠诚地

【例句】

He always performs his duties faith fully. 他一贯忠实地履行自己的职责。

【拓展】

faith   n. 信仰，信任

e. g. Faith that justice would prevail impelled us forward. 正义必胜的信念激励着我们前进。

faithful   adj. 忠实的，守信的

e. g. We are all faith full listeners to the program. 我们都是这档节目的忠实听众。

考点6. unhappy    adj. 不快乐的，不幸福的；悲伤的

【例句】

For all this wealth, he was unhappy. 尽管他富有，但他并不幸福。

【拓展】

否定前缀un-加在名词，形容词，副词之前

如：unfinished（未完成的）undoubted（无疑的），unhappy(不快乐的)

类似的否定前缀in-加在形容词，名词之前

如：incorrect(不正确的)，inability(无能，无力)，inaccurate(不准确的)

im-加在字母m，b，p之前

如：impossible（不可能的），impolite（不礼貌的）

考点7.from side to side 从左到右

【例句】

The ship rolled from side to side. 船左右摇晃。

【拓展】

side by side肩并肩地；一起

e. g. The two children are walking side by side. 那两个孩子肩并肩地走着。

考点8.care for关爱

【例句】

 Young people should learn to care for others. 年轻人应该学会关爱他人。

【拓展】

take care of照顾

e. g They appointed her to take care of that old man. 他们委派她照顾那位老人。

care about喜欢

e. g. I really care about the students in my class. 我的确喜欢这个班上的学生。

考点9.as a result因此；结果

【例句】

As a result, he had to leave. 结果他只得离开。

【拓展】

result from起因于

e. g. His illness resulted from bad food. 他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。

result in结果；导致是

e. g. Their dispute resulted in war. 他们的争端导致了战争。

考点10.stop… from 阻止某事发生

【例句】

The guard stopped him from going through the gate. 警卫不让他通过大门。

【拓展】

stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.

stop to do sth. 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事

  e. g. They stopped to work and have a rest. 他们停下来工作并休息了一会儿。

  stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事

  Please stop speaking. It’s time to begin our class. 请肃静，上课时间到了。

考点11.pay for为……付钱

【例句】

 I have to pay 150 dollars for the sewing machine. 我得花150美元买这台缝纫机。

【拓展】

spend, take, pay, cost

四者都可表示“花费”

(1) spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：(sb)spend some money/some time on sth.

(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.

e. g. I spent fifty yuan on the coat.  =I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。

(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主话通常为形式主语“it"或物。句式是：

It takes/took sb. some time to do sth=Sth. takes sb. some time.

e. g. It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。

     The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。

(3) pay为“付款，赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，往往是sb．pays some money for sth或pay sb．(some moneyfor sth)

  e. g. I paid fifty yuan for the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。

  (4) cost的主语必须是某物。动词cost的常用用法是sth. cost (sb. )some money。

e. g. The dictionary cost me $20. 这本字典花了我20美元。

语法精讲——被动语态（二）

双宾语结构的转换原则

He gave her a rose. = He gave a rose to her.

A rose . (物做主语有介词)

She . (人做主语无介词)

★小试身手★

请改写下列句子，保持句意不变：

1)        My father bought me a Mini Cooper.

物做主语：

人做主语：

2)        The waiter has not brought us the coffee.

物做主语：

人做主语：

♥Attention♥

以下动词与介词to搭配

award, bring, give, hand, leave, lend, mail, play, post, promise, pass, read, return, recommend（推荐）, sell, send, serve（招待）, show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, write

以下动词与介词for搭配

boil, book, bring, build, buy, call, catch, change, choose, cook, cut, do, draw, fetch, find, fix, gather, get, keep, leave, make, order, pick, prepare, reserve（预留）, sing, save

★小试身手★

请用括号里的词翻译句子：

1)        这个房间是为史密斯一家预定的。(reserve)

2)        你不要指望任何人能为了你而变化。(change)

1. 不及物动词及短语

2. 静态动词

1. 常见系动词：

smell, sound, taste, feel, look, seem, appear, prove

        井水尝起来好甜。

        The well water这块丝绸布料摸起来很光滑。

2. This silk一些动词在主动表示被动时，通常和well等副词连用，这些动词有：

clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride +well

        这支笔很好写。

This pen

        这幅眼镜戴起来很舒服。

This pair of glasses

3. 用动名词的主动形式来代替被动，这类动词主要有：

want/need/require/deserve +doing =want/need/require to be done

        孩子们需要照看。

The children

        你值得拥有这些奖励。

You

4. be worth doing sth. 某事值得做

        Anything worth doing is worth doing well.

5. be + adj. + to do

当这个句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，我们一般用主动表被动。

English is hard to learn.（English是to learn的逻辑宾语，所以不用被动。）

        这本书很难跟上。(follow)

        他说的话很容易理解。(What he said)

1. 某事被别人完成

        你多久剪一次头发？

How often do you

2. 某人的一种经历

        我昨晚把手臂摔断了。

Iyesterday.

①9A U3单词表

②9A U3词性转换整理

注意：阴影部分的单词是教材中出现的，打“※”的是非考纲单词

一、阅读单选

By carefully choosing dog parents, humans have created many different kinds of dogs. Each kind has its own look and talents, and its own role within human society. Here are three examples of “a dog’s life” in the human world.

Today, many hospitals let specially trained dogs in to bring love and cheer to patients. Shaynee is a therapy (治疗) dog. She visits children who are in hospital. Dogs like Shaynee help patients feel calm and at peace, which can be hard in a busy hospital. They help both children and adults stay strong during long hospital stays, and even help them get better.

Some beagles (小猎犬) work in airports for the government now. They are part of the program called the Beagle Brigade. A beagle is good for the work because of its powerful nose, and ability to follow smells. The Beagle Brigade’s job is to smell everything that comes into the country. They make officers notice illegal fruits, vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail. The beagles do the job far better than any human could.

While some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and playing. Across the world, many pet dogs are treated like children. Many have their own rooms and all the things a dog could want. Some even have their own clothes. Many of these pets spend their days playing, learning to follow, or even going to classes. Their owners give them the best, and enjoy doing so.

Whether as workers or objects of affection (钟情), dogs have become helpful to humans in many ways. There are plenty of advantages for the dog, too. Many kinds of wild dogs have nearly disappeared from the Earth. However, the domestic dog’s special place as “man’s best friend” has allowed it to survive in a human world.

1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A．Hospitals need many special and helpful dogs. B．Dogs can take care of patients.

C．Patients need love in the hospital. D．Doctors are too busy to see patients.

2．Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A．A beagle uses its special nose to work.

B．Beagles can find out illegal foods from other countries.

C．Some pet dogs are their owner’s children.

D．Different dogs have their different living styles in human society.

3．What does the underlined word “domestic” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．Trained. B．Smart. C．Wild. D．Valuable.

4．What’s the purpose of the passage?

A．To ask people to treat dogs as their own kids.

B．To explain why humans need beagles in their work.

C．To tell people about the history of dogs’ development.

D．To show a good relationship between dogs and humans.

5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? (P＝Paragraph)

A． B．

C． D．

“Mom I want a cat,” or “Mom I want a dog,” or “Mom I want a…” are common words that parents may hear from their children more than once. However, there are many arguments（争论）for and against children owning pets.

The first argument that supports pet ownership by children is that they help to keep children company. When children come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They love children and always want to play. As a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness. They will also help to keep children active as they will need to be walked and played with every day.

Secondly, owning a pet encourages children to learn new responsibilities（责任）. Pets need to be looked after and be taken care of every day. Children will learn different skills that they can use later in life. For example, washing and feeding pets are basic skills to learn. Learning these responsibilities will make sure that children will be able to look after themselves, and possibly their children one day.

On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous. Some dogs, for example, are likely to bite, and children may become scared of animals as a result of this happening to them. Cats also look very soft and lovely, but they do have very sharp claws. If they are treated in the wrong way, cats can use their claws to hurt others.

In addition, pets need a great deal of maintenance（维护）. Many pets need to be often exercised and bathed. As a result of this, children may pay less attention to their studies because they are too busy worrying about their pets and its well being.

A further argument against pet ownership is that pets are costly; buying food and maintaining their care is not cheap. Finally, the cost of owning one falls on parents, and as a result, children don’t fully understand the responsibility of having one.

6．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “company”?

A．a business organization that makes or sells goods or services

B．the fact of being with somebody else and not alone

C．a group of people who work or perform together

D．a social or business visitor

7．According to the text, what may people who are against children owning a pet worry about?

A．Children’s safety. B．Children’s life skills.

C．Children’s health. D．Children’s responsibilities.

8．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text?

A．To introduce how to take good care of a pet.

B．To solve the problem of children owning a pet.

C．To list the disadvantages of children owning a pet.

D．To show different opinions on children owning a pet.

9．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?

A． B． C． D．

二、阅读回答问题

阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。

Luke Anderson is blind. So he can’t see things with his own eyes. But he has a seeing-eye dog called Speedy. Speedy is well-trained to help the blind. Speedy can take him to where he wants to go.

Mr. Anderson is disabled, but it isn’t a big problem. He has a good job and he is able to make money by himself. Mr. Anderson sells brooms（扫把）to people in this part of the city. He has worked every day except Sunday for forty years. After his breakfast, Mr. Anderson holds Speedy, carries brooms and sells from house to house. People choose a broom and they pay him when Speedy sits and waits beside his master! It takes four and one half months to walk to every house in this part of the city. So Mr. Anderson visits each house every four months, and by then people are usually ready to buy new brooms.

But these days he has a problem. His brooms last so long that sometimes they are still good after four months. Then nobody needs to buy a new one. Mr. Anderson likes his job and is proud（自豪的）of his brooms. He picks up a new supply（供给）of brooms every week. He says, “If you don’t sell people something good, they’re not going to buy from you the second time you come around.”

10．Is there anything wrong with Anderson’s eyes?

11．What does Mr. Anderson do to earn money?

12．How long has Mr. Anderson sold brooms?

13．Who leads him everywhere to do his business?

14．According to Mr. Anderson, what will people do if he doesn’t sell them something good?

三、短文首字母填空

先阅读短文，然后在短文后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。

    When I was nine years old, my parents bought me a cockatiel (鸡尾鹦鹉) from a local pet store. I n    15     him Bubba. Like any young kid, I was excited to have a new friend.

    After a few weeks, however, the feelings of e    16     wore off. Being a kid, I was not r    17     for the responsibility of taking care of Bubba. Neither were my parents. Bubba had to live all his life in a small, dirty cage. Unable to stretch his wings, the bird ended up living a much s    18     life than he would have done in the wild.

    It’s a sad story, but unluckily, it’s a story that has been too c    19    . No bird was born to live in a cage, yet millions are kept behind bars. Many of these birds are b    20     treated and die young.

    Most people buy pet birds without t    21     carefully, as my family did. They don’t know how much time, money and energy will be needed to c    22     for them. When the birds that seem so cute and beautiful in p    23     stores turn out to be noisy, many are abandoned (被遗弃的). Because of boredom and loneliness, birds can go mad. They may keep hurting t    24     by pulling out their own feathers or pecking (啄) over and over again at the bars of their cage. Please never buy a caged bird. Birds never belong in cages.