【期中单元考点讲义】(牛津沪教版) 2023-2024学年九年级英语上册Unit3 Family life考点讲义
展开Unit 3 Family life
Unit1 | 话题 | 家庭生活 |
词汇 | 1.meal n.一顿饭 2.share v.分享 3.decision n.决定 4.possessions n.私人物品 5.expect v.要求 6.abroad adv.在国外 7.business n.商务 8.personal adj.个人的 9.set v.安排 10.daughter n.女儿 11.mind v.介意 12.fashionable adj.流行的 13.fashion n.流行款式 14.out of date adj.过时的 15.iron v.烫平 16.event n.公开活动 17.suppose v.认为 18.either adv.也 19.relationship关系 20.invite v.邀请 21.cost v.价钱为 22.type n.类型 | |
短语 | 1. help with 帮着做 2. (be) on business 出差 3. have no interest in 对…没有兴趣 4. cook / prepare meals 做饭 5. be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事 6. go out for dinner/ eat out 出去吃 7. be/go abroad 在国外、出国 8. set rules for sb. 为某人制定规矩 9. feel lonely 感到孤独 10. be away from home 远离家 11. feel crowded 感到拥挤 12. go out of date 过时 13. iron clothes 熨衣服 14. look busy 看起来很忙 15. give sb. a hand=help sb. 帮助某人 16. have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 17. make a list of…制定清单 18. be good for sb. to do 做某事对某人有益 19. be convenient for sb.对某人来说是方便的 20. be patient with sb. 对……有耐心 21. in addition/ besides/ what’s more 另外 22. family member(s) 家庭成员 23. make sense 有意义 24. be wide awake 非常清醒 25. at a time 一次 26. be supposed to do 应该做
| |
句型 |
我不被要求做家务。
他们不经常为我制定规则。
尽管有时候在公寓感觉有点拥挤,但我们不介意。
我对时尚的衣服这类东西不感兴趣。
这是我祖母说的话。
我的祖母说年轻人应该学会照顾自己。
举例来说,除非我完成了所有的作业,我不能看电视,我也不能和朋友外出。
我们有着亲密的关系,并且我们总是互相支持。
很多年轻人在和父母沟通方面有问题。
首先,列出一张关于你和你的父母意见最不符合的事物的清单。
其次,和你的父母谈一谈当他们方便的时候。
再次, 听一听你的父母要说的话。
最后,如果你没有得到满意的结果,尽量不要太生气。
努力一点,你就能学会更好地和父母沟通。
| |
语法 | 连系动词 | |
写作 | 描写家庭生活 |
◆考点1 personal ( Adj. 私人的,亲自的 n. 关于个人简讯的 )
My personal life has had to take second place to my career. 我的私人生活不得不让位于事业。
◆考点2 business (n. 商业,交易; 生意; 事务)
"I can't see it's any of your business," he raged. “这根本不关你的事,”他生气地说。
He mixed business and pleasure in a perfect and dynamic way. 他以互动的方式将工作和娱乐完美地结合起来。
◆考点3 expect (过去式和过去分词都是:expected) (vt. & vi. 预期; 期待; )
How can you expect me to believe your promises? 你怎能指望我相信你的承诺?
反义词: adj. unexpected
They were horrified at this unexpected turn of events. 这种出乎意料的形势变化让他们无比震惊
◇ expected to ◇ 预计、被期待
Their talks are expected to focus on arms control. 他们的会谈预计会集中讨论军备控制问题。
◆考点4 event (n. 事件,大事; 活动,经历; 结果; 运动项目)
The birth of a live healthy baby is a truly blessed event. 一个健康活泼的婴儿的出生真是一件可喜的事情。
◆考点5 either (pron. (两者之中)任何一个; adj. adv. (两者中)两者择一的;conj. [通常用于“either…or…”结构中]或者,要么[在“either…or…”结构中,动词的人称和数一般与离得最近的主动响应,但有时用第三人称单数,在口语中也有把两个主语合在一起用作复数的];
She had met both sons and did not care for either. 两个儿子她都见了,一个都不喜欢。
◆考点6 Possessions(n. 有,所有,拥有; 领地; 财产,所有权)
According to facts in my possession he can't possibly be guilty. 根据我所掌握的事实,他是不可能有罪的.
◆考点7 Acceptable (adj. 可接受的; 合意的; (社会上)认同的)
The air pollution exceeds most acceptable levels by 10 times or more. 大气污染程度超出了普遍认可的标准10倍或更多。
◆考点8 Unless (conj. 除非,如果不; prep. 除了,…除外;)
I tend to forget things unless I mark them down. 除非把事情记下来,否则我常常会忘事。
短语
◆考点1 have no interest in …不[不太]感兴趣;
At this time we have no interest in this type of product. 目前我们对这一类的产品没有兴趣.
That he have no interest in this kind of thing is obvious. 他对这类事情不感兴趣是显然的.
◆考点2 real life n. 现实生活中
Children use fantasy to explore worrying aspects of real life. 孩子们用幻想来探索实际生活中令人不安的各种事情。
I'm not making it up. The character exists in real life. 我没有凭空捏造,这种人现实生活中确实存在。
同义词:reality
We are learning how to confront (face) death instead of avoiding its reality. 我们在学习如何直面死亡,而非回避死亡这一现实。
◇ real-life ◇ adj. 实在的,现实的
His movie is based on a real-life incident. 这部电影以现实生活中的一件事为基础。
◆考点3 help with 帮助(某人)做…; 用…来帮助;
Jennie took in a lodger to help with the mortgage. 珍妮收了一个房客,以减轻按揭的负担。
◆考点4 (be) on business adv. 出差; 因公; on a trip for work
Has he gone to Paris on business or for pleasure? 他到巴黎是办公事还是游玩去了?
◆考点5 set rules 成规,定规则。
Her parents seldom set (make) rules for her.她的双亲并不怎么管束她。
◆考点6 out of date 过时的, 陈旧的; 年陈日久; 老掉牙;
Think how rapidly medical knowledge has gone out of date in recent years. 想一想近些年医学知识更新得有多快。
Will denim jeans ever go out of date? 粗布牛仔裤会过时吗 ?
◆考点7 look after 照顾; 照料; 料理; 打理; (金钱、人、物)
I just can't be bothered to look after the house (/the garden). 我就是不想费事照看这所房子。
We'll help you look after your finances. 我们将会帮您理财。
Get a relative to look after the children. 找一个亲戚来照看孩子。
句型
1. New fashions soon go out of date, don’t they? (P35, para2)
◇解析
反意疑问句: 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词(this ,that ,these ,those)时,疑问部分用it, they等代词。
反意疑问句遵循“前否后肯”或“前肯后否”规律。如果是前肯后否,肯定回答即为肯定,否定回答即为否定;如果是前否后肯,回答时yes后面还是用肯定,no后面用否定,但是翻译的时候有差别。
◇举例
----That is a new car, isn’t it? 这是一辆新汽车,是吗?
----Yes, it is. 是的,它是。(是新车)/ No, it isn’t. 不,它不是。(不是新车)
----He isn't a student,is he?(他不是一个学生,对吗?)
----Yes,he is. 不,他是。(是学生)/ No,he isn't. 对,他不是。(不是学生)
2. My grandma says young people should learn to look after themselves.
◇解析
这是一个宾语从句,句子中的“that”被省略了。
◇详解
一般宾语从句中,当我们想表示我们知道、觉得、相信..等等的感官事件的时候就用连接词that做引导。
通常出现在that引导的宾语从句前面的单词有:
Agree/ explain/ know/ suggest/ believe/ feel/ say/ think/ show…etc.
请注意以下几点:
①、引导词本身的省略与不省略
1.可以省略
连词that引导宾语从句,只起连接主、从句的作用,它本身无意义,在口语或非正式文体 中常省略。如:
He says(that)he is a Young Pioneer.他说他是个少先队员。
2.不可以省略
(1)从句的主语是that时,that不省略。如:
We know that that is an interesting story.我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。
(2)that引导的宾语从句中若再有复合句时,that不能省略。如:
I think that if you have lost the library book,you must pay for it.我认为如果 你已把图书馆藏书丢失了,你就必须赔偿。
(3)主、从句之间有插入语时, that不能省略。如:
It says here, in the newspaper, that English is getting more and more important.报纸上写着,英语正变得越来越重要。
例题1:词语搭配
( ) 1.acceptable a. the state of being actual or real
( ) 2. Personal b.a special set of circumstances
( ) 3. business c. worthy of acceptance or satisfactory
( ) 4. possession d. look forward to the probable occurrence of
( ) 5. reality e. particular to a given individual
( ) 6.event f. a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it
( ) 7.expect g. the act of having and controlling property
【答案】 c e f g a b d
例题2:填空
1. There are no _________________ for concept art. You just make whatever appeals to you. (对于概念艺术来讲没有太多的规则,你创造任何吸引你的东西就好了。)
2. It is common to distinguish between ____________ and social ethics. (个人道德准则和社会道德准则常常不一致。)
3. Mind your own ____________! (少管闲事!)
4. No-one could use the computer ______________ they had a password. (除非知道密码,否则谁也用不了那台计算机。)
5. I hope he doesn't ______________ you to wait up for him. (我希望他没指望你熬夜等他。)
6. Government officials who travel ____________ are given traveling allowances. (因公出差的政府官员享有出差补贴.)
7. We can't go any further ahead with this ____________ policy. (我们决不能再继续执行这项过了时的政策了.)
8. We're ____________ hustle and fight for what we want. (我们应该为得到自己想要的而不择手段,奋力争取。)
9. For all its drama, the ____________ was not unexpected. (虽然这件事带有戏剧性,但并不意外。)
10. ____________ you can talk to him, or I will. (要么你跟他谈,要么我去。)
11. I have two assistants who ____________ the admin. (我有两个助手协助经营。)
12. He described the picture as his most cherished ____________. (他说那幅画是他最珍爱的财产。)
13. They wanted someone responsible to ____________ the place at night-time. (他们想要个有责任心的人夜间照管这个地方。)
14. We've made an ____________ start, but it could've been better. (我们起了一个好头,但本可以更好一些的。)
15. As a matter of fact, I have ____________ in Maths. (事实上, 我对数学不感兴趣. )
16. Daydreams may seem to be rehearsals for ____________ situations. (白日梦可能像是真实情景的预演。)
【答案】 1.set rules; 2.personal; 3.business; 4.unless; 5.expect; 6.on business; 7.out - of - date; 8.expected to; 9.event; 0.Either; 11.help with; 12.possession; 13.look after; 14.acceptable; 15.no interest; 16.real-life
系动词 Linking Verb
系动词的功能主要是把表语(名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句)和它的主语联系在一起,说明主语的性质、特征、品性或状态。
规律1: Linking verb 在系动词原型(am/is/are/was/were)后面加形容词,去客观重述主语的状态、身份和特征。 状态系动词,用来表示主语状态,只有be一词
He is very kind. 他是个热心肠的。
口诀:我是am,你是are,is跟着他她它。 |
单数is,复数are,不可数名词是is。 |
be是最重要的系动词,主语不同,be的形式也不同,且有时态的变化。
通常表示主语的特征、状态和身份等,后面接形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v-ing、过去分词及表语从句作表语。
特别要注意“由be+过去分词”所构成的系表结构与“由be+过去分词”所构成的被动语态的区别。
前者侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态,通常没有由by引导的介词短语。
如:The door was closed.
后者侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者,表示动作;句中可以用由by引导的介词短语。
如:The door was closed by me.
还要注意“由be+ V-ing所构成的系表结构与“由be+ V-ing”所构成的进行时态的区别。
前者侧重于说明主语具有的特征或存在的状态,也可说明主语是什么。
如:My job is teaching English.
后者侧重于强调主语正在做某事。
如:Mr. Wang is reading an evening paper now.
规律2: Other linking verbs在系动词后面加形容词,去形容主语的变化。
2.1: 持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
规律 3:Linking verbs followed by nouns or noun phrases 系动词+名词或名词短语.
The man is a science teacher.
这位先生是名科学老师。
be是一个连系动词,它有自己不同的形式
现在时:be 进行时:being 过去时:was/were 过去分词:been
它的后面必须跟形容词或名词作表语,与之构成系表结构,充当句子的谓语。
I am a student主语:I 谓语:am a student(系表结构)
being是它的现在进行时态,一般不单独用,而是用于现在进行时的被动语态。(being+动词过去分词)
The bike is being repaired.单车正在被修理中。
It is being finished by him这正在被他完成中。
been是它的过去分词,也不一般单独使用,而是用于现在完成时、过去完成时以及需要它的句子。
I have been here for a long time.我已经到这里有一段时间了。
What do you do? What is your job? 你的工作是什么?
那么这里选用do和is有什么根据呢?
第一句里面,第二个do是指你做什么,也就是你的工作,就是一个实义动词。按中文说,what you do已经足够了。可是英语里面就不行,必须跟一个助动词,也就是do.
这里就有了一个结论:当句子中有动词时,我们就用助动词do或是does.如果没有动词时,我们就选用is或是are,也就是“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
注意:陈述句变成疑问句:方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
1. The man is a science teacher. --- Is the man a science teacher?
2. Mary's new dresses are colorful. --- Are Mary's new dresses colorful?
3. I have been there before. --- Have I been there before?
4. Mother is in the kitchen now. --- Is mother in the kitchen now?
题型1:选择题
( )1. The moment Mr. Zhang went to bed, he____ asleep
A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall
( )2. When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.
A. going B. getting C. running D. coming
( )3. Their plan ____ to be a perfect one.
A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving
( )4. The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.
A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell
( )5. She____ like her mother in character.
A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels
( )6. It____ another fine day tomorrow.
A. seems B. promises C. appears D. looks
( )7. He ____ much younger than he really is.
A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns
( )8. You____ very pale. Do you feel sick?
A. looked B. are looking C. looking D. are looked
( )9. His wish to become a driver has ____true.
A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown
( )10. Her father ____a writer.
A. turned B. grew C. has turned D. has become
【答案】
【解析】
1. C fall asleep表示“入睡”,是固定搭配,根据题意,应用过去时。
2. B get表示“逐渐……起来”、“开始……起来”时,是系动词,多用于进行时。
3. A prove表示“证明是”时,是系动词。
4. D smell表示“有……的气味”、“散发气味”时,是系动词,后面接形容词。
5. C belike表示“看起来像”时,既可指外貌,又可指品质和特征,侧重于特征。
6. B promise表示“有……的可能”、“给人以……的指望”时,是系动词,后面接名词作表语。
7. A appear表示“看起来”时,是系动词。侧重于在外表给人某种印象,常为“假象”。
8. B look表示“显得”、“看起来”时,是系动词,后面接形容词作表语,用进行时态,常带有感情色彩。
9. C come true是固定搭配,表示“实现”,其中come是系动词,表示“成为”、“变得”。
10. D become表示“变成”,作系动词用,在后面作表语的名词前要加a或an。turn后跟可数名词单数要去掉a(n)。
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