2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit9HumanBiology学生用书北师大版选择性必修第三册

选择性必修第三册　UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY【基础回顾】►核心词汇——写其形1．________________ n. 能力，才能2．________________ v. 计算，核算3．________________ v. 创新，革新4．________________ n. 恢复力，复原力，适应力5．________________ n. 参与者，参加者6．________________n. 牛7．________________ adv. 永远；长久地8．________________ n. 线索；提示9．________________ adj. 至关重要的，关键性的10．________________ adj. 很有可能的，肯定会的v. 蹦蹦跳跳地跑►阅读词汇——知其意1．biology n. ________________2．betterment n. ________________3．vaccine n. ________________4．marathon n. ________________5．athletics n. ________________6．clone vt. ________________7．barrier n. ________________8．twin n. ________________9．mammal n. ________________10．camel n. ________________►拓展词汇——通其变1．edit vi. &vt.编辑，编校→________ n．编辑；主编；编者→________ n．总编2．gene n．基因→________ n．一代3．artificial adj.人造的，非自然形成的→________ adv.人为地，虚假地4．compare v．比较→________n．比较5．produce v．生产→________ n．产品(农)→________ n．生产→________ n．生产商/者→________ adj.生产的→________ vt.复制，繁殖→________ adj.可繁殖的，可复制的6．whole adj.全部的，整个的→________ adv.完全地7．accurate adj.准确的，精确的→________ adv.精确地，准确地→________ n．精确，准确8．treat vt.治疗→________ n．治疗，疗法，对待方式9．mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极力的，极不重要的→________ adv.仅仅，只不过，只是10．emotion n．强烈的感情→________ adj.感情的→________ adv. 情绪激动地►高频短语——记得牢1．________________ 度过，熬过(困难或不快的时期)；(设法)处理；完成；(用电话)接通2．________________ 和……接触3．________________ 转交，传给，递给4．________________ 走近；上来；被提出5．________________ 不包括，省去；遗漏；忽视，冷落6．________________ 被看作……7．________________ 由……组成；由……构成8．________________ 追踪到，追查到9．________________ 有记载的，有记录的►典型句式——懂其用1．反意疑问句It's incredible, ________________________？太不可思议了，不是吗？2．either... or... 要么……要么……Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it ________________________．克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。3．insist＋宾语从句Researchers _______________ the science of cloning ________________________ and advanced.研究人员认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。4．现在分词的完成式________________________ 50 million people in 18 months, the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.西班牙流感在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡，成为历史上最严重的流行病。【核心考点】►第一版块|重点单词1．calculate vt.计算，核算calculate the total cost of the trip 算出旅行的全部费用calculate how much/how many...we need 计算我们需要多少……calculate roughly 估算calculate that... 算出/预测……calculate on 指望，期待It has been calculated that... 据估算……calculation n. 计算；估计；算计calculator n. 计算器calculating machines 计算机calculate the cost of sth. 计算某物的费用be calculated to do sth. 打算/计划做某事calculate on sth./doing sth. 指望/依靠某事物◎单句语法填空①I believe I have the capability of ________ (calculate) the political consequences accurately.②It ___________ (calculate) that they produced 1，000 cars this month alone.③They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same ________ (calculate).◎完成句子④We ____________ (指望着)their cooperation.⑤When did the first ____________ (计算机)come into being?2．participant n．参加者，参与者　　participate in(＝take part in) 参加……participate with sb. in sth. 与某人一起参与某事participate in voluntary work 参加志愿工作participate in the contest 参加竞赛◎单句语法填空①Encouraged by the teacher, the ________ actively ________ in the English speech contest. Their ________ inspired the rest of the class to study hard. (participate)②Both teams train for two hours a day and participate ________ competitions regularly.③One of the ________ (participate) pointed out that we had no option but to innovate.④Join us ________ (taste) a variety of fresh local food and drinks.3．judgement(又作judgment)n．评价；意见；看法；判断力　judge v．判断，认为　n．法官；裁判；鉴定人make a judgement (about...) (对……)作出评价pass judgement (on sth.) (对某事)发表(批评)意见in one's judgement 在某人看来good/poor judgement 判断力强/弱a lack of judgement 缺乏判断力use one's judgement 运用某人的判断力◎单句语法填空①________ (judge) from what you say in your letter, you don't sound well.②As we all know, most of the ratings are based on others' ________ (judge) on the product or service concerned.③He acted as ________ judge ________ the English speech contest.④I can't decide for you. You need to use your own ________ (judge).4．treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式under treatment 在治疗中a treatment for ……的治疗方法give sb. treatment 为某人治疗get/have/receive treatment 接受治疗need/require treatment 需要治疗hospital/medical treatment 住院/药物治疗◎单句语法填空①Those who got injured in the accident are now ________ treatment in a local hospital.②With good ________ (treat) and care, Professor Smith unbelievably recovered from a heart attack within a week.③He guaranteed that he would treat us ________ a big dinner if we finished the work on time.◎完成句子④When I visited them last year, they ________________ (请我吃了一顿大餐).⑤His parents have collected many different drugs to ________________ (治疗他的肺癌).⑥Today you don't need to pay for the meal. ________________ (我请客).5．crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的a crucial point 至关重要的一点a crucial ingredient 关键要素a crucial battle 决定性的一战a crucial juncture 关键时刻a crucial factor 关键因素a crucial reason 关键原因a crucial resource 很重要的资源a crucial question 关键问题be crucial that... ……是至关重要的be crucial to/for... 对……至关重要remain crucial 依然重要◎单句语法填空①Winning this contract is crucial ________ the success of the company.②It was the scholar who helped me out ________ the crucial moment.③Chewing properly is ________ (crucial) important.◎完成句子④Parents ________________ (起着至关重要的作用)in preparing their child for school.6．abuse vt. &n．滥用；虐待；辱骂abuse one's power/privilege/position 滥用权力/特权/职权abuse one's trust/confidence 背信弃义alcohol abuse 酗酒tobacco abuse 嗜烟drug abuse 滥用药物；嗜毒child abuse 虐待儿童government officials' abuse of power 政府官员的滥用职权◎完成句子①His political reputation was ruined by his ________________ (滥用职权).②To our sorrow, it was ________________ (酗酒)that ruined his fitness and life.③Williams ________________(滥用职务)as mayor to give jobs to his friends.④If you ________________ (吸毒), you are bound to end up in prison.7．failure n．失败(者)end in failure 以失败告终learn through failure 从失败中学习suffer a complete failure 遭受一次彻底的失败heart failure 心脏衰竭fail vi. 失败(反义词succeed)fail to do sth. 没有做成某事fail in (doing) sth. 在……方面失败了fail in sth. 缺乏……；在……方面不足fail of sth. 在……上不能达到◎单句语法填空①________ (fail) is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.②We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our ________ (fail).③He is partly successful in the plan but failed ________ its purpose.④He writes well, but fails ________ imagination.◎一句多译⑤他没通过这次考试。He ________________ (pass) the examination.He ________________ (pass) the examination.He ________ the examination.8．inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的n．部下，属下；劣等人/物inferior court 初级法庭inferior officer 下级军官inferior limit 下限inferior by comparison 相形见绌inferior in... 在……方面低下的inferior to... 低于，劣于……；比……差/次◎单句语法填空①The house he bought is inferior ________ quality.②What I bought at the market is inferior ________ what he bought there.③The implication in his article is that being a housewife is greatly inferior ________ every other occupation.◎完成句子④鉴定会上，专家们指出这种方法优于其他方法。At the appraising meeting, specialists stated this method __________________ others.9．impulse n．(神经)冲动，(电)脉冲　pulse n．脉搏v．跳动on impulse 一时冲动，心血来潮resist the impulse 克制冲动brotherly impulse 激动手足的情分；手足般的情分electrical impulses 电脉冲nerve impulses 神经冲动give an impulse to... 促进……have a sudden impulse to do sth. 突然心血来潮做某事under impulse 在冲动驱使下feel sb.'s pulse 摸某人的脉◎单句语法填空①The plan will give ________ impulse ________ industrial expansion(扩展).②The boy escaped from school ________ impulse.③You and I have ________ (brother) impulse and should keep in touch after graduation from university.④He can't resist the impulse ________ (go) on holiday.◎完成句子⑤为了获得决赛资格，一些运动员冲动行事，不计代价。To get the qualification for the final, some athletes acted ______________________ without counting the cost.10．variation n．变化物，变体；差异，变动　vary v．变化；相异；改变vary from...to... 从……到……变化vary between...and... 从……到……不等vary in 在……方面不同vary with... 随……而变化vary from place to place 各地不同vary from person to person 因人而异vary with the seasons 随季节而变化vary in colour and size 色彩和大小各异◎完成句子①Our customs __________________________ (各地不同).②有各种各样的果树和动物。There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as ________________________ animals.◎单句语法填空③People vary ________ preference for colour.④There's no doubt that customs vary ________ the times.⑤Take it easy! Jackets are available in ________ (vary) colours.⑥Disneyland, a fantasy amusement park, which offers a ________ (vary) of attractions for tourists, brings you into a magical world.⑦This soup is a spicy ________ (vary) on a traditional favourite.⑧This delicious ________ (vary) on chocolate flakes is quick and easy to prepare.11.classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类classify...as... 把……归类为……classify...according to... 根据……把……分类classify...into... 把……分成……be classified by/according to 根据……分类be classified into... 被分成……be classified as... 被划分为……classification method 分类方法classification system 分类系统；分类制度◎单句语法填空①It is required that the books in the library should be ________ (classify) by different topics.②From the classical class, the student with glasses knows the ________ (classify) of classics.③It means we have not allowed ourselves ________ (classify) as objects.④The application form has now been ________ (simple).◎完成句子⑤Men in the post office ________________(根据……将邮件分类) places it is to go.⑥We usually ____________ types of characters ____________________ (把……划分为)good and bad.12．opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物　oppose v．反对　　be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事as opposed to... 与……截然相反；而，相对于the opposing team 对方球队a player from the opposing side 一名对方的运动员split into two opposing camps 分裂成两个对立的阵营opposing views 对立的观点be opposite to... 与……相反in the opposite direction 向相反的方向have the opposite effect 起反作用the opposite of... ……的对立物exactly/just the opposite 恰恰相反live opposite 住在对面sit opposite 坐在对面in opposition to sb. /sth. 强烈反对/抵制某人/某事物◎单句语法填空①Many local people opposed ________ (build) the new airport.②The majority of members were opposed ________ my proposal, which upset me greatly.③We are strongly ________ (oppose) to racial prejudice.④There are 200 people who attended, as opposed ________ 300 the previous year.⑤To tell the truth, I am strongly opposed to ________ (clone) any kind of animals no matter what circumstances.◎同义句转换⑥I was against the unfair judgement.→________________________________________________________________________→________________________________________________________________________→________________________________________________________________________13．widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的；普遍的，广泛的　the widespread use of chemicals in agriculture 化学品在农业中的广泛使用a widespread hobby 一种广泛的爱好deep and widespread concern 深切而广泛的关注widespread support 普遍支持widespread damage 大面积的损坏◎完成句子①The high cost prohibits the ________________(广泛应用)of the drug.②The plan received ________________(普遍支持)throughout the country.③The new laws gained ________________ (普遍认同).④This disease has ________________ (广泛的影响)in some areas.14．actual adj.实际的，真实的actual buying power 实际购买力actual cash value 实际现金价值actual line 实线actual shares (股票)实股actual situation 当前情况/实际情况actual experience 实际经验in actual fact 实际上，事实上◎单句语法填空①Most people work because it's unavoidable. By contrast, there are some people who ________ (actual) enjoy work.②________ (actual), it was human behaviour that resulted in the catastrophe.③________ actual fact，I haven't made sense of what the specialist said at the meeting.④As ________ matter of fact, it is a widespread concern for the parents to see their children addicted to the mobile phone.◎完成句子⑤________________ (事实上), everybody has limitless potential.15．parallel n．(不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似adj.平行的vt.与……媲美，与……相似　　　be parallel to/with... 与……平行without parallel/have no parallel 无可匹敌in parallel(with sth./sb.) (与某事/某人)同时two parallel examples 两个相似的例子have a close parallel to... 和……很相似◎单句语法填空①This road runs parallel ________ the railroad.②The town has a close parallel ________ this.◎完成句子③The two lines are two ______________ (平行线).④You'd better parellel this book ________________________ (与那本书).⑤Your experience ________________________ (与我的相似).⑥很显然，这是一场在世界其他地方都没有出现过的生态灾难。It's evidently an ecological disaster with ________________ anywhere else in the world.16．corresponding adj.相应的，对应的correspond vi. 符合，相一致；相当；通信correspond to/with sth. 与某物一致correspond with sb. 与某人通信correspond regularly 经常通信correspondence n. 通信；一致；符合keep up/hold up correspondence with sb. 与某人(保持)通信联系in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系by/through correspondence 通过通信hold correspondence with sb. 与某人保持通信welcome correspondence from sb. 欢迎某人的来信◎单句语法填空①He has got both ________ (correspond) education and talents and is by all means equal to this job.②The account of the witness doesn't correspond ________ what the driver said.◎完成句子③The written record of his conversation didn't ________________ (与……一致) what was actually said.④We try to keep __________________________ (理论与实践的一致).17.identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别identify...among... 在……中辨认出……identify oneself as an old friend 自称是一位老朋友identify sb. as... 认出某人是……identify sb./sth. by... 根据/凭借……辨认出……identify oneself 说出/证明自己的身份identify sb./sth. through sth. 通过……辨认出……identify sth. with sth. 认为……等同于……identify sb./oneself with sb./sth. 觉得……与……有联系/牵连；支持……◎单句语法填空①First we need to ________ (identity) actual and potential problems.②The two pictures are similar, although not ________ (identity).③The handwriting on both checks is ________ (identify).④Don't identify opinions ________ facts.⑤She can identify his own child ________ the big crowd of children.⑥We can identify the virus ________ microscopes.⑦The porters may be identified ________ their red caps.⑧His ________ (identify) with the hero of the book made him sleepless.18．suspect n．嫌疑犯；嫌疑分子；可疑对象　v．怀疑；觉得(尤指坏事可能属实或发生)suspect that... 怀疑/觉得……suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是……suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某事be suspicious of/about 怀疑……suspicion n. 怀疑，嫌疑；看法，感觉suspicious adj. 怀疑的，可疑的make sb. suspicious about... 使某人对……产生怀疑be right to be suspicious of sb./sth. 怀疑……是对的have reason to be suspicious of sb./sth. 有理由怀疑……have a right to be suspicious of sb./sth. 有权怀疑……◎单句语法填空①The girl's necklace was missing. It seemed that she suspected me ________ stealing it.②The man, ________ (suspect) of stealing the jewels from the shop, was missing last night.③The police suspected ________ she was related to the robbery.④Much to our surprise, the honest­looking person should ________ (suspect) of credit cheating.◎完成句子⑤They ________ him ________ (怀疑) supporting the party in secret.⑥He __________________________ (被怀疑) carrying illegal goods, so his bag was searched by the police.19．restore v．使恢复restore one's sight 恢复某人的视力restore the documents 恢复文件restore our faith 恢复我们的信心restore sth. to sth. 使某物恢复到某种状态restore sb. to sb. 把某人交还给某人restore sb. to sth. 使某人恢复到……程度◎单句语法填空①His recent success has helped to restore his faith ________ his own ________ (able).②He restored the music ________ the music stand.20.arrest vt. &n．逮捕；拘留arrest criminals 逮捕罪犯get arrested 被逮捕arrest sb. for sth. 因某事逮捕某人arrest sb. in connection with sth. 因与某事有关而逮捕某人be under arrest 被逮捕place/put sb. under arrest (＝arrest sb.) 逮捕某人put sb. under house arrest 某人被软禁◎单句语法填空①He got arrested ________ careless driving.②A man ________ (arrest) in connection with the robbery.③He was put ________ arrest in connection with the ________ (rob).◎完成句子④He __________________________ (被软禁) for some political reasons.►第二版块|重点短语1．be devoted to专心于/致力于……的；献身……的；挚爱……的devote oneself to 献身于，致力于devote one's life/time/energy/attention to... 把某人的生命/时间/精力/注意力奉献于……devote vt. 奉献devotion n. 挚爱；奉献devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的be devoted to sb. 深爱某人be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事They are devoted to their children.他们深爱着自己的孩子。The specialist has been devoted to helping the farmers to raise crop production these years.这些年来，这位专家一直致力于帮助农民提高农作物产量。Qian Xuesen devoted himself entirely to science.钱学森把一生都献给了科学事业。He devoted most of his time to his painting.他把大部分时间用于绘画。◎单句语法填空①As we all know, he is a generous, ________ (devote), reliable and warm­hearted friend.②Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ (set) up some schools for poor children.③Fans will show their ________ (devote) by waiting for hours to get tickets for their favourite singer's concert.④We devoted a lot of time to ________ (persuade) the stubborn old man to change his mind.◎完成句子⑤You will never achieve success unless you ________________ (致力于)your work.⑥He was determined to ________________ (将自己的余生献给)folk music.2．be viewed as被看作……　view vt.观看；看待　n．景色；观点；视野view...as... 把……看作……in one's view 在某人看来in view of sth. 鉴于，考虑到on view 在展出take the long view 从长远来考虑come into view 进入视野◎单句语法填空①Thoreau viewed man ________ an inextricable part of nature.②________ her view, from Beijing's traffic and air quality, the limit line is still a relatively good measure.◎完成句子③Mao Zedong ________________ (被看作) the greatest leader in the history of China.④As there were no curtains to the stage, any change of properties had to be made ____________________ (在看得见的地方) the audience.⑤________________________ (鉴于) his stern opposition, no other course remained to us to give up the whole idea.3．at one's best处在最好状态；全盛时期One should never be proud even when he is at his best.一个人在最得意时也绝不应骄傲。We must make the best of every minute to build the fence in case the goats slip out.我们必须抓紧每一分钟把篱笆盖好，以防山羊溜出来。do/try one's best (at) (在某一方面)尽全力make the best of 充分利用；尽力而为；妥善处理best of all 最好的是◎完成句子①When I'm tired, I'm ________________ (没在我最好的状态).②The store also has second－hand books and CDs/DVDs with the idea ________________ (充分利用)the used things.◎单句语法填空③The photographer was never ________ her best early in the morning.④A man is bound to be successful if only he will do ________ best.4．cut down on削减，减少cut down 削减；砍倒cut away 剪去；切除；砍掉cut out 裁剪；删除cut up 切碎cut off 切掉；阻碍；中断cut in 插嘴；插队cut through/across 抄近路穿过◎单句语法填空①Sadly, despite the warning, there are still many trees being cut ________．②The electricity was cut ________ for several days.③Please cut ________ the vegetables into small pieces.◎完成句子④As far as I am concerned, you should ________________ (减少)the fat you take in every day.⑤After retirement, I feel I have been ________________ (与外界隔绝)for ages.⑥We were talking about the general tendency of the world economy when Tim ______________ (插话).5.be responsible for负责；对……负责　responsible adj.负责的；有责任的　responsibility n．责任；义务　　be responsible for doing sth. 有责任做某事/负责做某事be responsible to sb. 对某人负责have/take responsibility for... 对……有责任/负责a sense of responsibility 责任感escape/avoid responsibility 逃避/回避责任It's sb.'s responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责/责任◎单句语法填空①He is responsible ________ morals and ________ law.②The children are responsible ________ cleaning their own rooms.③I am responsible ________ our mayor ________ it.④Being ill today is responsible ________ his absence from school.6．go into detail详述，详细叙述the detailed information 详细的信息give full detail 详述overlook detail 忽视细节details of... 某事的详细情况workout detail 定出细目a matter of detail 一桩琐事chief detail 主要细节dry detail 枯燥的细节an eye for detail 明察秋毫minor detail 次要的细节◎单句语法填空①Now let's go ________ detail and take a closer look at each of the trends presented above.②We examine the wording ________ detail before deciding on the final text.◎完成句子③He doesn't ________________(详述)about how the stories happened.7．on record有记载的；有记录的；在历史记录中record a new album 录制新专辑keep a record of 把……记下来hold a record 保持纪录break a record 打破纪录set a record 创造纪录record player 唱机listen to/play a record 听/播放唱片for the record 供记录在案，为准确起见off the record 私底下on (the) record 记录在案的，有记录的◎单句语法填空①That season, I broke all of Miller's ________(record) while he watched the home games from the bench.◎完成句子②做好记录，每周评估一次。________________________ and evaluate it weekly.③去年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均值高出0.68 ℃。Last year was the warmest year ________________________________， with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above the average.◎同义句转换④He ________ (record) her expenses every day.→He keeps ________________________ her expenses every day.8．leave out不包括，省去；遗漏；忽视，冷落leave out the detail 省去具体细节leave out a letter 漏掉一个字母leave out a possibility 忽略一种可能性feel left out 感觉被冷落not want to be left out 不想被冷落leave for 动身去leave for Beijing 动身去北京leave alone 不管；不打扰leave me alone 不要打扰我leave aside 搁置一边，不考虑leave behind 忘记带走；留下；丢弃leave off 不列入；遗漏；停止，中断leave room for... 为……留下空间/余地be left over 被剩下◎单句语法填空①There should be twelve books in the box, but there are only eleven in fact. They must have left one ________．②Why was his name ________ (leave) ________ the list?③There were some seats ________ (leave) ________ when everyone sat down.④When I got to the office, I realized I had left my cellphone ________ in the bedroom.9．track down跟踪找到；追查到；搜寻到track n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；跟踪railway/railroad tracks 铁路轨道a running track 赛跑跑道keep track of 记录；与……保持联系；了解……的动态lose track of 与……失去联系lose all track of time 完全忘了时间be on track 步入正轨get/be off the track 离题；偏离目标back on track 重新步入正确轨道be on the right/wrong track 思路正确/错误◎完成句子①The salesman was determined to ________________ (追踪到/追查到) the cause of the food spoilage.②This allowed us to find changes easily, and if needed to ______________________ (找到，查找) any performance issues.③__________________________ (记下) your efforts and write down how you feel.④I've ________________________ (已经忘记了) how many times he called last week.⑤________________________ (了解情况) children's use of social media.◎单句语法填空⑥The Internet helps to identify and track ________ the perpetrators (罪犯) but increasingly it is becoming part of the problem.⑦We followed the bear's ________ (track) in the snow.►第三版块|典型句式1．反意疑问句[教材原句]It's incredible, isn't it?太不可思议了，不是吗？[句式分析]　此句运用了反意疑问句。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称、时态应保持一致。(1)陈述部分肯定式＋疑问部分否定式(2)陈述部分否定式＋疑问部分肯定式(3)若陈述部分含有seldom，hardly, never，few，nothing等否定词或半否定词，其疑问部分要用肯定式。(4)若陈述部分含有带否定前缀如un－，im－，dis－的词，疑问部分仍用否定式。The lawyer wouldn't believe you, would he?那位律师不相信你的话，是吗？He said nothing to the waiting journalists，did he？他对等候的记者什么也没说，是吗？Meeting again is impossible except in a dream, isn't it？要相逢，除非是梦里团圆，是不是？There was nothing in the room, was there?房间里什么也没有，是吗？[基础练习]单句语法填空①—You didn't attend the conference, ________ you?—No, I ________．/Yes, I ________．②You dislike sports, ________ you?③She is not good at playing the violin, ________ she?④Someone is expecting you, ________ he?2．insist后的宾语从句[教材原句]Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.研究人员主张，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句，insist后接了that引导的宾语从句。(1) insist后接that从句，表示“坚持，坚决要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。(2) insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，从句用陈述语气。Our English teacher insists that we should speak English in and out of class.英语老师坚持要我们在课堂内外都讲英语。The scholar insisted that this graduation paper was partly based on one in a magazine and that the student (should) write it a second time.这位学者坚持认为，这篇毕业论文部分是基于一本杂志上的一篇文章，坚决要求该学生应该再写一遍。[基础练习]完成句子①She was stubborn and insisted that the work ________________ (完成)ahead of schedule.②The doctor requested that you ________________________ (不要吃任何东西)within half an hour after doing some sports.[能力提升]单句语法填空③He insisted that he ________ (do) nothing wrong and ________ (set) free.④The captain demanded that all the seamen ________ (prepare) for sail.⑤He advised that his grandma ________ (make) good use of her spare time.⑥It is required that all the crops ________ (harvest) before daybreak.3．whether...or...不管……还是……[教材原句]How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument.怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。[句式分析]本句是一个复合句。how it is used，whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind均为主语从句。whether...or...作“是……还是……”讲，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，用于提供两种选择。Whether they'll have a picnic or not depends on the weather.他们是否去野餐要看天气。(主语从句)Whether they consider this opinion or ignore it is not clear. (＝It is not clear whether they consider this opinion or ignore it.)他们是考虑这个意见还是忽视它还不清楚。(主语从句)Whether you are a farmer or a specialist, you both should obey the rules.无论你是农民还是专家，你都应该遵守规则。(让步状语从句)whether用法小结whether除了用于“whether...or...”结构外，还可用于“whether...or not”“whether or not...”结构，这三个结构既可以引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。[基础练习]完成句子①无论你走还是留在这里，我必须回家。________ you go ________ stay here, I must go home.②无论你是贫穷还是富有，你都必须为成功而奋斗。____________________， you have to struggle for success.③不管你挣钱多还是少，对我没有影响。It makes no difference to me ______________________________．④无论你是否喜欢它，我都不会改变主意。____________________， I will not change my mind.4．prove to be...证明是……[教材原句]In comparison with other species, cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with non－reproductive cells was even more complicated.与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。[句式分析]prove既可用作系动词，也可用作实义动词，在本句中，prove用作系动词，后面可接“to be＋n./adj./prep.－phrase”，to be一般可以省略。The first attempt proved (to be) successful.第一次尝试证明是成功的。The report proved to be false.该报告被证明是假的。She proved a good mother.她证明是个好母亲。The difficulty was how the young employee could prove his ideas to other scientists.困难在于年轻的雇员怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法。The experiment proved his theory to be crucial to our research.实验证明他的理论对我们的研究是至关重要的。He proved himself to be worthy of promotion.他证明自己是值得提升的。[基础练习]单句语法填空①She proved ________ (he) to be the thief.②These papers will prove ________ you that he is ________ (innocence).③These papers will prove you ________ (innocence).④He was ________ (prove) ________ (be) guilty.⑤It was ________ (prove) soon that he was ________ (guilt).⑥I shall prove the ________ (true) of my words.5．with＋宾语＋宾补(with复合结构可作状语或定语)[教材原句]With recent press reports drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics of the past, Jim Smith looks at the sometimes depressing history of epidemics...最近有新闻报道，吉姆·史密斯将禽流感和过去致命的流行病做对比，在屡屡令人感到沮丧的流行病史中寻找……[句式分析]With recent press reports drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics of the past为with复合结构作状语。常在句中作状语，表示原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有： eq \a\vs4\al(构成：with＋,宾语＋宾补)  eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词,介词短语,动词不定式（表示动作尚未发生）,现在分词（表示宾语和它是主动关系）,过去分词（表示宾语和它是被动关系）)) (1)with＋宾语＋形容词He determined to return to his homeland with the situation there depressing.他决心回国，因为那里的局势令人沮丧。(2)with＋宾语＋副词He left the office，with the light on.他开着灯离开了办公室。(3)with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)With the specialist directing him, he has made up his mind to grow his own vegetables in greenhouses.在专家的指导下，他决定自己种植大棚蔬菜。(4)with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或已经完成)With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.所有工作都做完了，他们匆忙回家吃午饭。(5)with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示尚未发生)With so many things to deal with, I can't go on holiday.有这么多的事要处理，我不能去度假。(6)with＋宾语＋介词短语He came in with a book in his hand.他进来了，手里拿着一本书。Do you know the lady with a baby in her arms?你认识那个抱着婴儿的女士吗？(with复合结构作定语)[基础练习]单句语法填空①With the exact date ________ (settle), it is time for us to plan for the basketball tournament.②The whole playground was excited, with the audience ________ (cheer) enthusiastically for the athletes.③With air pollution ________ (get) worse, the government needs to come up with some effective measures to deal with it.④With so many goats and cattle ________ (attend) to, the little boy was depressed, because he couldn't play with his friends.⑤With everything she needed ________ (buy), she went home happily.⑥With too many people ________ (stare) at her, the little girl was very nervous and couldn't speak fluently.⑦The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ________ (lay) for a meal to be cooked.[能力提升]完成句子⑧The old man walked in ________________(手里拄着一根拐杖).6.现在分词短语作结果状语[教材原句]Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.现今科学家们估计发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。[句式分析]通常放在句末。有时为了突出结果，现在分词前可加thus或therefore，相当于so或so that引导的结果状语从句。Carbon burns in oxygen or air, therefore forming carbon dioxide.碳在氧气或空气中燃烧，因而形成了二氧化碳。[基础练习]单句语法填空①It rained heavily, ________ (cause) severe flooding in that country.②He managed to contain himself at the meeting yesterday, ________ (avoid) a conflict with his boss.③We hurried to the station, only ________ (tell) that the train had left.④He underlined the sentences that he didn't understand, ________ (make) it easier for him to turn to his teacher.⑤Yesterday I went to see him, only ________ (learn) that he had gone abroad two days before.⑥He comes home very late every evening, ________ (make) his wife very angry.【跟踪演练】　　Ⅰ.单词拼写1．What was so impressive about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the ________ (马拉松) bare－footed.2．Ministers agreed that this decision was fully ________ (证明……有道理) by economic conditions.3．He ________ (推断)from the latest survey that the case attracted many adventure fans.4．Throughout the ________ (编辑) of this book, we have had much support and encouragement from the participants.5．As a lawyer, I would deprecate any sort of legal control on __________ (基因)therapy at this stage.6．There was no real ________ (障碍，壁垒)between reality and fantasy in his mind.7．All substances, whether they are gaseous, liquid or solid, are made of ________ (原子).8．________ (神经)cells, after all, do not have intelligence of their own.9．Evidence shows that smoking harms nearly every ________(器官)of the body.10．The FDA has approved a new treatment for a ________(罕见的)blood disorder.11．There may contain a variety of forms of data distribution in the ________ (准线)data.12．She remained bitterly ________ (反对)to the idea of moving abroad.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of ________ (resilient), so we need stimulating activities and good rests.2．As an active ________ (participate) in multiple volunteer work, I have a lot of experience in serving others.3．This assumption will ________ (justify) by the work of the architects and builders.4．Life for the successful doctor can be ________ (emotion) and financially rewarding.5．The evidence at hand suggests that he ________ (abuse) his power.6．The best way to build an ________ (artificial) intelligent device would be to build it around the same sort of advanced skills.7．The elderly man was doubly attracted to the house—by its size and its ________ (locate).8．________ (crossword), electronic games and riddles can all improve your brain's speed and memory.9．A large amount of money ________ (spend) on junk food every year.10．Specialists remain unclear as to why the danger appears to have been ________ (steady) increasing.11．The accord ________ (underline) Italy's global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.12．Doctors examine their patients ________ (thorough) in order to make the correct diagnosis.Ⅲ.单句写作1．从这台新的望远镜里竟能看到那么多的星体，这把她惊呆了。(be amazed at)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．为了作出准确的诊断，医生会对病人进行彻底的检查。(不定式作目的状语)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．无论你接不接受我们的保险提议，你都可以免费得到一份礼物。(whether...or not)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．校长坚持认为我们应该充分利用每分钟准备考试。(insist that)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．图书馆坐落在一个安静的建筑里，离公交线路很近。(be located in)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．我们有责任不断判断规则是否有帮助。(responsibility)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．看完这则新闻，我震惊得半晌无语。(现在分词的完成式)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8．不可否认的事实是，他们在负责这座伟大的建筑。(同位语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9．新闻发布管理部门可根据工作需要向社会发布新闻。(省略结构)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10．它们的历史可以追溯到12世纪，可以认为是西欧最稀有的历史建筑。(claim)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY基础回顾·自主排查区核心词汇1．capability　2.calculate　3.innovate　4.resilience5．participant　6.cattle　7.forever　8.clue　9.crucial　10.bound阅读词汇1．生物学　2.改良，改善，提高　3.疫苗　4.马拉松　5.田径运动会　6.克隆　7.障碍；壁垒　8.双胞胎中的一个　9.哺乳动物　10.骆驼拓展词汇1．editor　editor－in－chief　2.generation　3.artificially4．comparison　5.product　production　producer　productivereproduce　reproducible　6.wholly　7.accurately　accuracy8．treatment　9.merely　10.emotional　emotionally高频短语1．get through　2.come into contact with　3.pass on4．come up　5.leave out　6.be viewed as　7.consist of8．track down　9.on record典型句式1．isn't it2．either naturally or artificially3．insist that　should be further explored4．Having killed up to核心考点·互动探究区第一版块|重点单词1．①calculating　②has been calculated　③calculation④calculate on　⑤calculating machine2．①participants　participated　participation　②in③participants　④to taste3．①Judging　②judgement　③a　in　④judgement4．①under　②treatment　③to　④treated me to a big dinner⑤treat him for his lung cancer　⑥It's my treat 5．①to　②at　③crucially　④play a crucial role6．①abuse of power　②alcohol abuse　③abused his position④abuse drugs7．①Failure　②failures　③of　④in　⑤failed to pass　failed in passing　failed8．①in　②to　③to　④was superior to9．①an　to　②on　③brotherly　④to go　⑤on impulse10．①vary from place to place　②a variety of　③in　④with⑤various　⑥variety　⑦variation　⑧variation11．①classified　②classification　③to be classified④simplified　⑤classify mail according to　⑥classify　as12．①building　②to　③opposed　④to　⑤cloning⑥I opposed the unfair judgement.I was opposed to the unfair judgement.I objected to the unfair judgement.13．①widespread use　②widespread support　③widespread acceptance　④a widespread influence14．①actually　②Actually　③In　④a　⑤Actually/In fact/In actual fact/As a matter of fact15．①to/with　②to　③parallel lines　④with that one⑤parallels mine　⑥no parallel16．①corresponding　②to/with　③correspond to/with④correspondence between theory and practice17．①identify　②identical　③identical　④with　⑤among　⑥through/under　⑦by　⑧identification18．①of　②suspected　③that　④be suspected　⑤suspected　of　⑥was suspected of19．①in　ability　②to20．①for　②has been arrested　③under　robbery　④was put under house arrest第二版块|重点短语1．①devoted　②setting　③devotion　④persuading⑤devote yourself to/are devoted to　⑥devote the rest of his life to2．①as　②In　③is viewed as　④in view of　⑤In view of3．①not at my best　②to make the best of　③at　④his4．①down　②off　③up　④cut down on　⑤cut off　⑥cut in5．①in　in　②for　③to　for　④for6．①into　②in　③go into detail7．①records　②Keep a record　③on record　④records　a record of8．①out　②left　off　③left　over　④behind9．①track down　②track down　③Keep track of　④lost track of　⑤Keep track of　⑥down　⑦tracks第三版块|典型句式1．①did　didn't　did　②don't　③is　④isn't2．①(should) be finished　②(should) not eat anything③had done　(should) be set　④(should) prepare⑤(should) make　⑥(should) be harvested3．①Whether　or　②Whether you are poor or rich③whether you earn more or less　④Whether you like it or not4．①him　②to　innocent　③innocent　④proved　to be⑤proved　guilty 　⑥truth5．①settled　②cheering　③getting　④to attend　⑤bought⑥staring　⑦laid　⑧with a stick in his hand6．①causing　②avoiding　③to be told　④making　⑤to learn　⑥making跟踪演练·强化提升区Ⅰ.1．marathon　2.justified　3.inferred　4.editing　5.gene6．barrier　7.atoms　8.Nerve　9.organ　10.rare11．baseline　12.opposedⅡ.1．resilience　2.participant　3.be justified　4.emotionally　5.has abused　6.artificially7．location　8.Crosswords　9.is spent10．steadily　11.underlined　12.thoroughlyⅢ.1．She was amazed at the number of stars the new telescope revealed.2．Physicians examine their patients thoroughly (in order) to make a correct diagnosis.3．You are entitled to a free gift whether you accept our offer of insurance or not.4．The head teacher insisted that we should make full use of every minute to prepare for the exams.5．The library is located in a quiet structure and it's close to bus lines.6．We have responsibility to continuously measure whether the rules are helpful or not.7．Having finished the news, I was shocked to be speechless for a whole while.8．There is no gainsaying the fact that they have been responsible for the great building.9．This designated management organization can release news to the general public when necessary.10．Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to be the rarest historic buildings in western Europe.