2024版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价8Unit2WildlifeProtection新人教版必修第二册

课时质量评价(八)

必修第二册　UNIT 2

主题语境：人与环境、人与动植物

Ⅰ．阅读理解

Migratory (迁徙的) birds are declining globally because of the way that humans have changed the landscape over recent decades — according to new research from the University of East Anglia (UEA)．

A new study published today reveals that population declines have been greatest among species that migrate to areas with more human infrastructure — roads, buildings, power lines, wind turbines (涡轮机) — as well as more population and hunting levels．

Dr James Gilroy, from UEA's School of Environmental Sciences, said, “We know that migratory birds are in greater decline than non­migratory species, but it's not clear why．We want to find out where in their life cycles these migratory species are most exposed to human impacts．”

The research team identified 16 human­induced threats to migratory birds, including infrastructure associated with bird disturbance and impacts, transformation of land from natural habitat to human land use, and climate change．Advances in satellite imagery allowed the team to map each of the 16 threats across Europe, Africa and Western Asia．The team also created the first ever large­scale map of hunting pressure across the region．A total of 103 species of migrating birds were studied, including many rapidly declining species like the turtle dove and the common cuckoo, using large­scale datasets．The team calculated threat scores for factors such as habitat loss and climate change, across breeding locations, as well as non­breeding ranges．They then explored the relationships between these threat scores and bird population trends calculated from 1985 to 2018 by the Pan­European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (PECBMS)．

Dr Aldina Franco, also from UEA's School of Environmental Sciences, said, “Our findings are important because we need to understand where declining species are being most impacted by humans across their seasonal migrations．Locating where birds are most exposed to these threats could help us target conservation actions．”

1．What causes migratory birds to decrease?

A．A longer migratory route．

B．Serious industrial pollution．

C．Illegal hunting from humans．

D．The changing of landscape．

2．What does the underlined word “infrastructure”in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Basic systems and services．

B．Local transportation．

C．Internet facilities．

D．Power supplies．

3．What does Paragraph 4 talk about?

A．The results of the study．

B．The promise of the study．

C．The process of the study．

D．The database of the study．

4．What is the purpose of studying migratory birds according to Dr Aldina Franco?

A．To raise people's awareness of protecting birds．

B．To offer advice to conservation work precisely．

C．To stress the necessity of increasing bird population．

D．To state the importance of living in harmony with nature．

Ⅱ．完形填空

(2022·深圳模拟)Gerry Keene was about 20 minutes into his caving tour in the Tom Moore cave system near Perryville, Missouri, when one of the kids with him spotted a dog ahead of them．

The dog, curled (蜷) up on the mud floor, looked rather   1  ， because when they approached with lights and greeted her, she just   2   lifted her head but wouldn't move at all．It was   3   that the dog was not in the right place, but they had no idea how to rescue it．They   4   a light for her and went out to get help．

Keene called Rick Haley, another experienced   5  ， who soon arrived and joined them．But figuring out how best to get the dog out took a bit of   6  ， since the rescue equipment on hand was really   7   for humans．Haley had an idea of using a bag and a blanket to move the dog like a package．

The channel in the cave was tight and upright in places, so it was a little   8   to move down．It was about 500 feet from the entrance, Haley   9  ， when they got back to where the dog was．He did a   10   assessment to her, gently moved her into the bag and covered her with the blanket．Then they started moving her   11   towards the entrance until finally getting out of the cave．In total, the rescue   12   took about an hour and a half．The dog was soon   13   by the local people and finally reunited with her owner after   14   for two months．Keene said their cave project didn't go exactly as planned, but was an unforgettable experience for the   15  ．“If it weren't for the project, we'd have never found the dog，”he said．

1．A．weak　　     B．lazy

C．sad     D．frightened

2．A．excitedly     B．politely

C．basically     D．actively

3．A．essential     B．clear

C．doubtful     D．interesting

4．A．brought     B．sent

C．provided     D．left

5．A．dog­trainer     B．pet­doctor

C．firefighter     D．caver

6．A．persuasion     B．emotion

C．brainstorming     D．quarrelling

7．A．meant     B．spared

C．dedicated     D．seemed

8．A．vital     B．technical

C．possible     D．reasonable

9．A．confirmed     B．insisted

C．suspected     D．estimated

10．A．medical     B．usual

C．quick     D．professional

11．A．side by side     B．foot by foot

C．hour after hour     D．one after another

12．A．mission     B．drill

C．team     D．plan

13．A．identified     B．saved

C．adopted     D．bought

14．A．travelling     B．running

C．hiding     D．missing

15．A．dog     B．kids

C．pet­owner     D．residents

课时质量评价(八)

Ⅰ．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了候鸟数量下降的原因与人类活动有关，研究指出了候鸟受到的种种威胁，目的是提醒人们如何保护候鸟。

1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Migratory (迁徙的) birds are declining globally because of the way that humans have changed the landscape over recent decades”可知，人类活动使得地貌在过去几十年里发生改变，导致候鸟数量减少。故选D。

2．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“roads, buildings, power lines, wind turbines (涡轮机) ”可推知，画线单词infrastructure指一些基础设施及服务，与A项“基本系统和服务”意思一样。故选A。

3．C　段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可推知，第四段谈论的是该项研究的过程。故选C。

4．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Locating where birds are most exposed to these threats could help us target conservation actions．”可推知，这项研究可以帮助研究者们采取精准的保护措施，保护候鸟。故选B。

Ⅱ．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是一群孩子在探索洞穴的时候救了一只狗的故事。

1．A　根据下文中的“wouldn't move at all”可知，狗很虚弱。故选A。

2．C　根据下文中的“lifted her head but wouldn't move at all”可知，狗很虚弱，当他们拿着灯走近向它打招呼时，它基本上只是抬起头，根本不动。故选C。

3．B　根据上文中的“The dog, curled (蜷) up on the mud floor”可知，很明显，狗不在恰当的地方。故选B。

4．D　根据下文中的“a light for her and went out to get help”可知，他们给它留了一盏灯，然后出去找人帮忙。故选D。

5．D　根据上文中的“his caving tour”可知，里克·哈利是洞穴探险者。故选D。

6．C　根据下文中的“Haley had an idea ..．a package”可知，他们在想办法救那只狗，因此句子表示“要想出如何最好地把狗救出来需要一些头脑风暴”。故选C。

7．A　根据上文中的“the rescue equipment on hand”和下文中的“for humans”可知，手头的救援设备是专门适用于人类的，空格处是指“专门适用于……的”。故选A。

8．B　根据上文中的“The channel in the cave was tight and upright in places”可知，洞穴里的通道很紧，有些地方是垂直的，所以往下走有点技术含量。故选B。

9．D　根据上文中的“It was about 500 feet from the entrance”可知，哈利估计，那里离入口大约有500英尺。故选D。

10．C　根据下文中的“assessment to her”可知，哈利对它做了一个快速地评估。故选C。

11．B　根据上文中的“so it was a little __8__ to move down”可知，他们开始一步一步地把它抬向洞口。故选B。

12．A　根据下文中的“took about an hour and a half”可知，救援行动总共耗时约一个半小时。故选A。

13．A　根据下文中的“finally reunited with her owner”可知，这只狗很快被当地人认出，并在失踪两个月后最终与主人团聚。故选A。

14．D　根据上文中的“It was __3__ that the dog was not in the right place”可知，这只狗很快被当地人认出，并在失踪两个月后最终与主人团聚。故选D。

15．B　根据上文中的“when one of the kids with him spotted a dog ahead of them”可知，这对孩子们来说是一次难忘的经历。故选B。