高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations课后作业题

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking (1)

阅读理解

A

Vidal first experienced Brazil’s carnival celebrations as a baby living in Salvador, the capital of Bahia State. Before he was even one year old, his mother took him to his first carnival event.

The cultural traditions of Salvador have stuck with him. And, Vidal, a trained musician, now performs the typical music of Bahia in the US. He often plays in the Washington area.

February is the carnival season in Brazil and other countries around the world. Even the Washington area celebrates the season. Last week,Vidal and other musicians performed here for a carnival celebration. Performing in Washington and other US cities has helped Vidal stay close to his Brazilian roots(根).

“Living in the US now and not being able to enjoy carnival as I used to in Brazil with my friends and family is really heartbreaking. And that was the reason why I decided to start making my own events—carnival parties—just to get connected to my roots, to my happiness.”

It may come as a surprise, but Washington is said to have one of the largest followings for Brazilian culture in the US. This year alone, there are more than twelve carnival celebrations in the Washington area. Here, the season isn’t celebrated on city streets as in Brazil, where it is warm summer. February is one of Washington’s coldest months. So, the events take place at theatres, restaurants and other places.

Carnival is one of the world’s biggest celebrations. In many countries, activities take place for a few weeks each year and include huge parades(游行) and street parties with live music. Carnival goers wear colourful, themed clothing and masks(面具).

1. What do we know about Vidal from the text?

A. He didn’t enjoy carnival at first.

B. His mother trained him to be a singer.

C. He encouraged Americans to celebrate carnival.

D. Brazil’s traditional cultures influenced him greatly.

解析:细节理解题。结合第一段中提到的维达尔还不满一岁时,他的妈妈就带他去参加巴西的狂欢节和第二段第一句“The cultural traditions of Salvador have stuck with him.”可知,维达尔深受巴西传统文化的影响。

答案:D

2. How did Vidal feel during the carnival season in the US?

A. Excited.　　　　　　B. Sad.

C. Proud.             D. Anxious.

解析:推理判断题。根据第四段可知,在巴西狂欢节期间,身在美国的维达尔不能回国参加庆祝活动,感到非常伤心,他还通过举办狂欢节派对的方式来保持他和故乡的联系。

答案:B

3. Why are the carnival celebrations in Washington held indoors?

A. Weather conditions are not good.　

B. American carnivals fall in hot summers.

C. They want to make carnivals different.

D. Few people celebrate carnivals in Washington.

解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后两句可知,二月是华盛顿最寒冷的月份之一,因此,狂欢节庆祝活动在室内举办。

答案:A

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A. Brazilian Musician Lives in America

B. Brazil’s Carnival Comes to Washington

C. Brazil’s Carnival Becomes World-famous

D. People in Washington Love Brazil’s Carnival

解析:主旨大意题。本文通过维达尔的故事讲述了巴西的狂欢节在美国华盛顿越来越流行,故把Brazil’s Carnival Comes to Washington作为标题最为合适。

答案:B

B

It was at least two months before Christmas when nine-year-old Almie Rose told her father and me that she wanted a new bicycle. As Christmas drew nearer, her desire for a bicycle seemed to fade, or so we thought. We bought her a lovely doll and a doll house. Then, much to our surprise, on December 24th, she said that she “really wanted a bike more than anything else”.

It was just too late. With all the details of preparing Christmas dinner and buying last-minute gifts, we didn’t have the time to select the “right bike” for our little girl. So here we were—Christmas Eve around 9:00 p.m., with Almie and her six-year-old brother, Dylan, lying in their beds. Now we could only think of the bicycle and the disappointment of our child. Suddenly my husband had a good idea. “What if I make a little bicycle out of soil and write a note that she could trade the soil model in for a real bike?” he asked. I agreed. So he spent the next four hours working hard with soil to make a tiny bike.

On Christmas morning, we were excited for Almie to open the little heart-shaped package with the beautiful red and white soil bike and the note. Finally, she opened it and read the note aloud. Then she asked, “Does this mean that I can trade in this bike that daddy made me for a real one?” I said delightedly, “Yes.” Almie had tears in her eyes when she replied, “I could never trade in this beautiful bicycle that daddy made me. I’d rather keep this than get a real bike.” At that moment, we would have moved heaven and earth to buy her every bicycle on the planet!

5. What’s the right time order of the events?

a. The girl asked for a new bike.

b. The girl opened the little heart-shaped package.

c. The parents bought the girl a modern and popular doll.

d. The father made the girl a bike with soil.

e. The girl would rather keep the soil bike than get a real one.

A. a, b, c, e, d              B. a, b, d, c, e

C. a, c, d, b, e              D. a, c, b, d, e

解析:细节理解题。故事发展的时间顺序:圣诞节前至少两个月,女儿要买自行车;圣诞节临近,父母买了玩具娃娃等;12月24日,女儿又提出要自行车,父亲用泥巴制作了玩具自行车;女儿打开礼包是在圣诞节早上;看到玩具自行车后,女儿才表示宁愿保留着玩具自行车而不愿换成真的。

答案:C

6. What do we know about Almie Rose?

A. She never lost her desire for a bike.

B. Her parents wanted her to have the soil bike forever.

C. Her parents paid no attention to her desire for a bike.

D. She had tears in her eyes because she didn’t like the present at all.

解析:细节理解题。至少两个月前女儿要自行车,圣诞节临近,女儿又提出要自行车,说明女儿始终想要自行车,所以A项正确;父亲无奈之下用泥巴为女儿制作了玩具自行车,这只是权宜之计,父母向女儿表示可用其换真正的自行车,并不想让女儿永远保留,所以B项错误;父亲用了四小时的时间亲手制作了自行车,父母表示可用玩具自行车换取真正的自行车,由此可知父母并不是不理会女儿的愿望,所以C项错误;从文章结尾可知,女儿宁愿要玩具自行车而不愿换成真的,说明女儿喜欢这件礼物,流眼泪是因为感动,所以D项错误。

答案:A

7. Why did dad make the soil bicycle for his daughter?

A. He thought she would like it.

B. He didn’t want to disappoint her.

C. He wanted her to buy a real one.

D. He wanted to give her a surprise.

解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now we could only think of the bicycle and the disappointment of our child.”判断,父亲制作自行车是不想让女儿失望。

答案:B

8. Which of the following best describes the parents?

A. Moved and proud.

B. Comfortable and relaxed.

C. Happy and encouraged.

D. Disappointed and sorry.

解析:推理判断题。根据故事情节的发展判断,最后父母被懂事的女儿感动,为有这样的女儿而感到自豪。故选A。

答案:A

C

The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with great significance, which is on the 15th of the first lunar month, marking the end of New Year celebrations. Here are several things you should know about the Lantern Festival.

♦ The origins of Chinese lanterns.

The origins of Chinese lanterns date back to the Stone Age. The coming of the Bronze Age saw the development of various kinds of lanterns, of which palace lanterns were the most fascinating. 9.　　　　 Various lantern festivals became a hit during the Sui Dynasty, and during the Southern Song Dynasty, the custom of writing riddles on lanterns came into being. During the Qing Dynasty, magnificent exhibitions of lanterns were held in the capital city. 

♦ Eating small dumpling balls.

Just as the name suggests, an important part of the Lantern Festival, or Yuan Xiao Festival, is to eat small dumpling balls made of sticky(粘的) rice flour. We call these balls yuanxiao, or tangyuan. 10.　　　　 The dumpling represents family unity, completeness and happiness. 

♦ 11.　　　　  

When it comes to the Lantern Festival, “Guessing lantern riddles” is an important and necessary part. Lantern owners will write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns in advance. If visitors can answer the riddles, they will get a little gift.

♦ Watching fireworks.

At night, in addition to lighted lanterns, fireworks form a grand scene. Most families save some fireworks from the Spring Festival and set them off during the Lantern Festival. 12.　　　 

♦ Dragon dance.

The dragon dance is often performed during the Chinese New Year period. 13.　　　　 They are believed to bring good luck to people, therefore the longer the dragon is in the dance, the more luck it will bring to people. 

A. Guessing lantern riddles.

B. Chinese dragons are a symbol of China.

C. The ways of celebrating the Lantern Festival.

D. Obviously, they get the name from the festival.

E. All the Chinese people like watching dragon dance.

F. Later, decorative lanterns came to be used in festivals.

G. Some local governments will even organize a fireworks display.

9. 解析:根据下文可知,隋朝的元宵节成了一个热门节日,并且在南宋时期,元宵节的灯谜习俗兴起。由此推断应选F项,表示“后来装饰灯笼在节日中逐渐得到使用”。

答案:F

10. 解析:根据上文可知,正如名字所暗示的,灯节或者说元宵节的一个重要部分就是吃糯米粉做成的小汤圆。由此推断应选D项,表示“很明显,它们的名字来自节日”。

答案:D

11. 解析:该空是一个小标题。根据下文可知,谈到元宵节,就不得不提到猜灯谜。由此推断应选A项,表示“猜灯谜”。

答案:A

12. 解析:该段标题是“Watching fireworks(观看烟花)”,根据关键词“fireworks”判断应选G项。大多数家庭都会从春节里节省下一些烟花,然后在元宵节燃放。甚至一些当地政府会举办烟花展。

答案:G

13. 解析:根据上下文的关键词“dragon”判断,应选B项。舞龙通常会在中国新年期间举行,中国龙是中国的象征,人们相信它们能给人们带来好运。

答案:B

Reading and Thinking (2)

[基础测评]

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. In 1973, he became the first 　　　　(agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow rice. 

2. Jack is late again. It is typical 　　　　him to keep others waiting. 

3. This film is a real 　　 　　　(reflect) of the living conditions of people in the western region. 

4. With the boy 　　　　(lead) the way, we had no difficulty in finding his home. 

5. 　　　　leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights. 

6. A range 　　　　cultural conditions are thought to boost divorce rates. 

7. He had little 　　　　common with his sister. 

8. She was grateful 　　　　them for letting her stay at their house. 

9. There is a general 　　　　(believe) that things will soon get better. 

10. Chinese folk dances are only performed 　　　　special occasions. 

答案:1. agricultural　2. of　3. reflection

4. leading　5. Whoever　6. of　7. in　8. to

9. belief　10. on

Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空

1. 　　　　　　　　many difficulties, he managed to get through the experiment. 

2. There were 120 students whose ages 　　　　10 　　　　 18. 

3. Don’t lend them the car—they’re 　　　　　　　　 　you. 

4. The sound comes up and slowly 　　　　　　　　　into the distance. 

5. He is old enough to travel by his own. 　　　　　　　he is already 18 years old. 

答案:1. In spite of　2. ranged from　to　

3. taking advantage of　4. fades away　5. After all

Ⅲ. 语法填空

People celebrate festivals all around the world.As we all know, festivals have 1. 　　　　wide range of origins. Of all the 2.             

(tradition)festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. People celebrate it to show that they are grateful 3. the year’s supply of food. With the 4.(develop) of modern society, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. Nowadays, many big cities in China 5. (give) up the typical custom of lighting firecrackers 6. 　　　　(avoid) air pollution. With businesses

7. (take) advantage of the celebrations, festivals are becoming more and more commercial. 8. some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public 9. (happy). And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures 10.       

(actual) have a lot in common after all. 

答案:1. a　2. traditional　3. for　4. development

5. have given　6. to avoid　7. taking

8. Although　9. happiness　10. actually

[提升测评]

Ⅳ. 阅读理解

North America will have six more weeks of winter, says “Punxsutawney Phil”,the most famous groundhog(土拨鼠) in the United States.

Every year, thousands of people from across the US travel to Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. On the night of February 1st, they go to a hill called Gobbler’s Knob. There, they wait until sunrise, when Phil leaves his home to look for his shadow. Tradition says that if the animal sees his shadow, there will be six more weeks of winter weather. But if skies are cloudy and no dark shape appears, Americans can expect spring to arrive early.

Groundhog Day is said to come from a European tradition called “Candlemas”. February 2nd was the middle of winter, and in Europe, clergymen would give candles to people at religious services. When lit, the candles brightened up the community in the dead of winter.

Later, in Germany, the tradition changed, and people instead began looking for signs of increased sunlight and changes in the weather. If an animal saw its shadow on Candlemas Day, this meant six more weeks of winter, or the “Second Winter”.

The tradition came to North America when German immigrants arrived in what is now the eastern state of Pennsylvania. They chose the groundhog as the animal to continue the tradition. The first official Groundhog Day at Gobbler’s Knob was held in 1887. The event has continued there ever since and has become part of American culture. Other states now celebrate their own Groundhog Day with their own groundhog. In North Carolina, his name is Sir Walter Wally. In West Virginia, people turn to French Creek Freddie.

Groundhog Day has also been popular in American media. In the 1993 film Groundhog Day, a reporter visits Punxsutawney for the big event, but becomes stuck in time. He then has to repeat the same day over and over again, until he becomes a better person.

1. Why do people go to Gobbler’s Knob on the night of February 1st?

A. To hunt for groundhogs.

B. To see the beautiful sunrise.

C. To pay a visit to a clergyman.

D. To celebrate Groundhog Day.

解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第五段中的“The first official Groundhog Day at Gobbler’s Knob was held in 1887. The event has continued there ever since ...”可知,人们在2月1日晚上来到火鸡丘是为了庆祝第二天的土拨鼠节。

答案:D

2. What was the origin of Groundhog Day related to?

A. War.　　　　　　　B. Politics.

C. Religion.         D. Agriculture.

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,土拨鼠节的起源与宗教有关。

答案:C

3. What is Phil used to predict?

A. Climate change.

B. The harvest of the year.

C. Natural disasters.

D. The length of the winter.

解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Tradition says that if the animal sees his shadow, there will be six more weeks of winter weather.”和第四段中的“If an animal saw its shadow on Candlemas Day, this meant six more weeks of winter, or the ’Second Winter’.”可知,人们用土拨鼠能否看到自己的影子来预测当年冬天持续的时间。

答案:D

4. What’s the text mainly about?

A. The history of Groundhog Day.

B. The tradition of Groundhog Day.

C. The popularity of Groundhog Day.

D. The significance of Groundhog Day.

解析:主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了北美地区的传统节日——土拨鼠节的起源和发展,该节日发源于宗教活动,演变到今天,成了人们了解时令的特殊方式。

答案:A

Ⅴ. 完形填空

Setting off fireworks during festivals is said to have a history of about 2,000 years. It does add to festive atmosphere. But let’s stop and 　1　 the price we pay for just a few minutes of 　2　. 

First, it is foolish to spend an amount of money on fireworks. The excitement is gone 　3　. Let’s face it, what we are really doing is burning money. The money would be 　4　 to much better use. 

Second, there is the matter of　5　. Fireworks contain chemicals that are harmful to people and animals. Over the years, these chemicals will 　6　 the air we breathe and the water we drink. 

Third, let’s consider the rubbish left behind after a fireworks display. What a mess (脏乱)! One would probably 　7　 those who set off the fireworks would have the politeness to 　8　 the waste afterwards. 　9　, they don’t. The mess 　10　 the kind of attitude people have toward our 　11　. 

Fourth, fireworks are　12　. Some fireworks can damage your 　13　, especially the fireworks used meanwhile that give off a big BANG. Losing your hearing is too high a price to pay. 　14　 all the safety warning, we still see injuries and deaths as a result of fireworks. About 10,000 Americans are injured every year by fireworks. 

In my view, all the fireworks should be forbidden officially. Public fireworks displays should be limited and should be paid for through volunteer funding, not tax money. Finally, those people in charge of fireworks displays should be 　15　 for cleaning up the mess they make. 

1. A. think up                  B. show off

C. think about                  D. turn up

解析:think up想出;show off炫耀;think about考虑;turn up出现。句意:烟花确实增添了节日气氛,但我们要停下来考虑一下片刻兴奋的代价。

答案:C

2. A. doubt                   B. excitement

C. surprise                   D. hesitation

解析:doubt怀疑;excitement兴奋;surprise吃惊;hesitation犹豫。此处指烟花给人带来的片刻兴奋,下文“The excitement is gone”也给了提示。

答案:B

3. A. in time                 B. in a flash

C. for free                    D. for a while

解析:in time及时;in a flash瞬间;for free免费;for a while一会儿。句意:烟花带来的兴奋转瞬即逝。

答案:B

4. A. place                   B. put

C. take                      D. play

解析:place放置;put放;take拿;play玩。put ... to use把……投入使用;利用……。句意:买烟花的钱可以被更好地利用。

答案:B

5. A. interest                 B. expense

C. pollution                 D. safety

解析:interest兴趣;expense消费;pollution污染;safety安全。根据“contain chemicals that are harmful to people and animals”判断,应选C项,表示“污染”。

答案:C

6. A. absorb                 B. clean

C. reduce                    D. poison

解析:absorb吸收;clean打扫;reduce减少;poison毒害。此处指烟花中的化学成分“污染(毒害)空气和水”。

答案:D

7. A. warn                    B. order

C. forbid                    D. expect

解析:warn警告;order命令;forbid禁止;expect期望。 句意:有人可能会期盼放烟花的人放完后清理垃圾。

答案:D

8. A. figure out                B. pick up

C. leave                      D. save

解析:figure out计算出;pick up收拾;捡起;leave离开;留下;save节省;拯救。故选B项,指放烟花的人“收拾清理现场垃圾”。

答案:B

9. A. Therefore                B. Otherwise

C. However                   D. Anyhow

解析:therefore因此;otherwise否则;however然而;anyhow无论如何。根据“they don’t”可知,他们没有清理现场,故选C项,表示转折。

答案:C

10. A. reflects                    B. adopts

C. changes                     D. shares

解析:reflect反映;adopt采纳;change改变;share分享。 句意:这种脏乱情况反映了人们对环境的态度。

答案:A

11. A. behavior               B. ground

C. society                     D. environment

解析:behavior行为;ground地面;society社会;environment环境。放烟花后不清理垃圾反映了人们对环境的态度,指不爱护环境。

答案:D

12. A. beautiful               B. dangerous

C. bright                     D. complex

解析:beautiful美丽的;dangerous危险的;bright明亮的;complex复杂的。根据下文“damage”, “Losing your hearing”, “injuries and deaths”等信息判断,放烟花是危险的。

答案:B

13. A. memory                  B. speaking

C. hearing                     D. sight

解析:memory记忆;speaking演讲;hearing听力;sight视力。根据下文“give off a big BANG”和“Losing your hearing”可知,烟花的巨大声响对听力有害。

答案:C

14. A. Without                  B. Besides

C. Beyond                     D. Despite

解析:without没有;besides除……之外;beyond超过;despite尽管。 句意:尽管都有安全警示,但每年仍然有因烟花导致伤亡的事故发生。

答案:D

15. A. famous                  B. intended

C. responsible                    D. designed

解析:famous著名的;intended故意的;responsible负责的;designed有计划的。作者认为,主管烟花表演的人应该负责清理现场垃圾,be responsible for对……负责。

答案:C