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精品解析：广西壮族自治区河池市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题 （解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：广西壮族自治区河池市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题 （解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 本卷主要考查内容， 15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
河池市2023年春季学期高一年级期末教学质量检测
英语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
4. 本卷主要考查内容：外研版必修第二册～必修第三册。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. What is the woman going to do?
A. Get a camera. B. Take a bus. C. Help the man.
2. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and employee: B. Nurse and patient. C. Teacher and student.
3. What time is it now?
A. 10:32. B. 10:20. C. 10:12.
4. What are the speakers most probably talking about?
A. An actor. B. A film. C. A book.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the dormitory(宿舍). B. In the library. C. In the classroom.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the man want to go?
A. The office. B. The hospital. C. The bank.
7. How will the man go there?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman think of her physics test?
A. Too easy. B. Terribly hard. C. Not quite difficult.
9. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Bring his maths notes for her.
B. Prepare for a test with her.
C. Help her with her report.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. A gardener. B. A house owner. C. A salesperson.
11. What does the man say about the house?
A. It has a good view of the sunrise.
B. It has four bedrooms.
C. It is by the river.
12. How much does the woman need to pay in advance?
A. 6 million yuan. B. 3 million yuan. C. 1 million yuan.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Which country will the woman travel to?
A. Finland. B. England. C. Thailand.
14. Where does the woman plan to visit during the vacation?
A. Local schools. B. Tourist attractions. C. Famous hotels.
15. How many days will the woman travel alone?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Seven.
16. How will the man send the details to the woman?
A. By email. B. By letter. C. By telephone.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the speaker like as a child?
A. She loved maths.
B. She was good at word games.
C. She was interested in spelling.
18. How did the speaker become a successful word game player?
A. She learned to speak several languages.
B. She found spelling was similar to maths.
C. She met a great tutor in elementary school.
19. With whom did the speaker first play the game?
A. Her family. B. Her classmates. C. Online players.
20. Why did the speaker quit gaming?
A. She got married and became a mother.
B. Playing games too much affected her life.
C. She became bored with playing games.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第 一 节 (共15小题;每小题2 . 5分，满分37 . 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
North or south, east or west, there’s always something wonderful at the best botanical (植物的) gardens in the world. The amazing variety of plants on show offers an escape for nature lovers. Here are some of the top botanical gardens across the world.
Cambridge University Botanic Garden
The original Cambridge University Botanic Garden (CUBG) was founded in 1762 in the centre of the city, now known as the New Museums Site. It holds a collection of over 8, 000 plant species (物种) from all over the world to promote teaching and research.
It is open every day throughout the year except for Christmas closure—24 December to 1 January (included). Tickets can be bought using cash or card at the Gates upon arrival. Pre-booking is optional.
Oxford Botanic Garden
Founded in 1621, the Oxford Botanic Garden is committed to educating people about the importance of plants, to help protect plants that are from around the world, and to support teaching and research within the University and beyond.
It is open all year round from 10 a. m. to 6 p. m. Entry is only free for under 16s with an accompanying (陪同) paying adult. Unaccompanied under 16s will require a student ticket for entry.
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is a highlight of any visit to the Scottish. This breathtaking living collection of plants is over 350 years old.
The Garden is open daily and closed on 25 December and 1 January. Garden entry is free!
Cheekwood
Cheekwood, built in 1960, is a 55-acre botanical garden located on the historic Cheek estate (庄园). It welcomes over 300, 000 visitors each year, making it one of the city’s top cultural attractions.
Cheekwood is open every day throughout the year, except 25 December. All guests must book a timed-entry ticket online before visiting. No tickets will be sold on-site.
1. How many days will CUBG be closed to visitors in a year?
A. 7. B. 8. C. 9. D. 10.
2. What is special about Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh?
A. There is no entrance fee. B. It is open to visitors all the year.
C. It is to support teaching and research. D. It has the largest collection of plants.
3. Which of the following botanical gardens has the longest history?
A. Cambridge University Botanic Garden. B. Oxford Botanic Garden.
C. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. D. Cheekwood.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个植物园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cambridge University Botanic Garden中“It is open every day throughout the year except for Christmas closure—24 December to 1 January (included).”（它全年每天开放，除了圣诞节，12月24日至1月1日(包括在内)）可知，剑桥大学植物园一年有9天是闭园的。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh中“Garden entry is free!”（进入花园是免费的！）可知，爱丁堡皇家植物园的特别之处是游客不收入场费。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中四个植物园的建园时间可知，Cambridge University Botanic Garden成立于1762年，Oxford Botanic Garden成立于1621年，Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh距今有350年历史，大约成立于17世纪60年代，Cheekwood成立于1960年。因此四个植物园中历史最悠久的是Oxford Botanic Garden。故选B项。
B
From time to time Ding Peng makes his way across the waves to Zhongtiedun, an island in Zhejiang Province. He has made a point of coming back to visit it to greet and observe the Chinese crested terns (中华凤头燕鸥) over the past ten years.
The medium-sized bird is 30—40 centimeters long, with gray wings and a white body. It was first discovered in Indonesia by Polish in 1861. The birds were spotted in 1937 on islands around Qingdao, Shandong Province, and it was not until 2000 that a bird photographer spotted them on the Matsu Islands off the coast of Fujian Province, which immediately caused a storm in international ornithology (鸟类学) circles for researchers assumed that the birds had already died out.
Born in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, Ding grew up seeing barren (不毛的) mountains and sandstorms, and has an awareness of environmental protection at an early age. That was why, after graduating from university in 2012, he readily took a job offer from the Jiushan Archipelago National Nature Reserve (JANNR) in Zhejiang. “I love the sea and my major could be of some use in protecting it, ”he says.
Looking back at his life on the islands, Ding admits that it was very tough. There was no electricity to charge mobile phones and no air conditioner in hot summer, and drinking water was sent in by supply ships. The worst was the loneliness, though things took a turn for the better in 2017, when more volunteers came to join the bird protection team.
Ding’s contributions were recognized by the local authorities of Ningbo this year, who named him one of the city’s “most beautiful people”. “Everything was worth it, now that more people are aware of the importance of protecting the birds, and now that the number of the birds is on the rise, ” Ding says.
4. Why did the researchers feel surprised when a Chinese crested tern was found in 2000?
A. Because the event made them shameful.
B. Because they were unable to catch it.
C. Because they thought the birds were extinct.
D. Because it was spotted by a photographer instead of them.
5. What was the main reason why Ding decided to work for JANNR?
A. His major. B. Good salary.
C. The beautiful scenery. D. Living experience at his hometown.
6. How is Ding’s life on the islands?
A. Enjoyable. B. Difficult. C. Inspiring. D. Adventurous.
7. What does Ding think of his team’s work?
A. It’s perfect. B. It’s regrettable. C. It’s pointless. D. It’s fruitful.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了丁鹏以及其团队为保护中华风头燕鸥所付出的努力并产生良好效果的事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The birds were spotted in 1937 on islands around Qingdao, Shandong Province, and it was not until 2000 that a bird photographer spotted them on the Matsu Islands off the coast of Fujian Province, which immediately caused a storm in international ornithology (鸟类学) circles for researchers assumed that the birds had already died out.(1937年，人们在山东青岛附近的岛屿上发现了这种鸟，直到2000年，一位鸟类摄影师在福建沿海的马祖群岛发现了它们，这一消息立即在国际鸟类学界引起了轩然大波，因为研究人员认为这种鸟已经灭绝了)”可知，研究人员在2000年发现中国凤头燕鸥时感到惊讶是因为他们认为这种鸟已经灭绝了。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Born in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, Ding grew up seeing barren (不毛的) mountains and sandstorms, and has an awareness of environmental protection at an early age. That was why, after graduating from university in 2012, he readily took a job offer from the Jiushan Archipelago National Nature Reserve (JANNR) in Zhejiang.(丁出生在甘肃兰州，从小在荒山和沙尘暴中长大，从小就有环保意识。这就是为什么2012年大学毕业后，他欣然接受了浙江韭山列岛国家自然保护区的工作机会)”可知，丁决定为JANNR工作的主要原因是家乡的生活经历。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Looking back at his life on the islands, Ding admits that it was very tough. There was no electricity to charge mobile phones and no air conditioner in hot summer, and drinking water was sent in by supply ships. The worst was the loneliness, though things took a turn for the better in 2017, when more volunteers came to join the bird protection team.(回顾他在岛上的生活，丁承认非常艰难。在炎热的夏天，没有电给手机充电，也没有空调，饮用水是由补给船运送的。最糟糕的是孤独，尽管2017年情况有所好转，更多的志愿者加入了鸟类保护团队)”可推知，丁在岛上生活艰难。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Everything was worth it, now that more people are aware of the importance of protecting the birds, and now that the number of the birds is on the rise(一切都是值得的，现在越来越多的人意识到保护鸟类的重要性，现在鸟类的数量正在上升)”可推知，丁认为他们的工作是富有成效的。故选D。
C
Experts often tell students to centre their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.
They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business. He realized that people who used thread(线) to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies.
In 1978, a professor from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania won the Nobel Prize in economics. His name was Herbert Simon. He worked in many parts of the university during his career and supported projects in computer science, artificial intelligence, psychology, philosophy and economics. Outside of work, he played the piano, wrote music, painted, made drawings and played chess.
They found that most professionals are not like the prize-winners. The prize-winners are special in that they regularly look for the chances to learn new things, even outside of their jobs.
Dario Fo won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997. He talked about drawing and painting as a way to solve problems that came up in his writing. “When I’m having difficulty with a play, I stop writing so I can draw out the action in pictures,” he said.
The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful. They pointed to a 2012 report about students who study two major fields in college. That study plan is called a “double major”. Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centred on only one study area.
Other researchers have found that having an outside activity that makes you think can help predict future success in a job. Some of those activities include playing chess, performing music or creating art.
8. For what did Alexis Carrel win the Nobel Prize?
A. His wide range of knowledge.
B. A major breakthrough in organ transplant.
C. The new effective medicine he invented.
D. His achievements in the clothing industry.
9. What does Herbert Simon’s career mainly tell us?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Never too old to learn.
C. Knowledge is no burden(负担). D. The early bird catches the worm.
10. What advantages might students take double majors have?
A. Their spare time life is colourful,
B. They may be open-minded and creative.
C. They will win big prizes in the future.
D. They stick to the same job for a long time.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Good Foundation for Your Future Success
B. Basic Quality of Creative Talents from Nobel Winners
C. Study: Future Students with One Profession and Many Capabilities
D. Study: Nobel Prize Often Goes to People of Wide Interests
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作。但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是重要的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business. He realized that people who used thread(线) to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies.”（他们说，亚历克西斯·卡雷尔（Alexis Carrel）在1912年获得诺贝尔医学奖时，运用了从服装业学到的技术。他意识到，那些用线制作和修理衣服的人有一种技能，可以用于将新器官植入人体的手术。）可知，亚历克西斯·卡雷尔（Alexis Carrel）凭借着 器官移植的重大突破获得诺贝尔奖。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“He worked in many parts of the university during his career and supported projects in computer science, artificial intelligence, psychology, philosophy and economics. Outside of work, he played the piano, wrote music, painted, made drawings and played chess.”（在他的职业生涯中，他在大学的许多部门工作，并支持了计算机科学，人工智能，心理学，哲学和经济学方面的项目。工作之余，他弹钢琴、作曲、画画、下棋。）以及第四段“They found that most professionals are not like the prize-winners. The prize-winners are special in that they regularly look for the chances to learn new things, even outside of their jobs.”（他们发现，大多数专业人士并不像获奖者那样。获奖者的特殊之处在于，他们经常寻找学习新事物的机会，甚至在工作之外。）可知，赫伯特·西蒙在工作之外，一直在学习，由此可推知，赫伯特·西蒙的职业生涯主要告诉我们知识不是负担。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centred on only one study area.”（双学位的学生往往比那些只专注于一个学习领域的学生更有创造力，对创业更感兴趣。）可知，选修双学位的学生他们可能思想开放，富有创造力。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Experts often tell students to centre their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.”（专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作。但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣很重要。米歇尔·鲁特-伯恩斯坦和罗伯特·鲁特-伯恩斯坦在《创造力研究杂志》上发表了他们的研究。）可知，文章主要讲的是专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作。但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是重要的。故文章最好的标题是“研究表明：诺贝尔奖通常授予有广泛兴趣的人”。故选D项。
D
Genetic researchers in Spain’s wine country believe grapevines (葡萄藤) that have lived for more than 35 years are better able to deal with high temperatures brought by climate change.
Winemakers in the Rioja area in northern Spain make some of the best wine for hundreds of years. But in recent years, winemakers there have been having trouble producing good wine. They say the wine tasted better in the past, when temperatures were usually cooler.
Researchers like Pablo Carbonell think older grapevines may be able to grow better in higher temperatures. Carbonell looks at rows of gray shapes on his computer screen. Among them was a green rectangle (矩形). This, he said, represents a kind of grapevine that produces grapes that take longer to ripen (成熟), even in warmer conditions.
A longer ripeness period is what winemakers want. The current vines produce grapes that are ready to pick too early. Such grapes do not make wine that has the right colour and smell. The wine also has too much alcohol (酒精).
People who work in the vineyards have long crossed old vines with new ones. Now they are working with special laboratories — like the one where Carbonell works — to find a climate- resistant (耐气候的) vine. The scientists there are studying the genomes (基因组) of commonly used grapes in Spanish wine.
The lab is working to keep the Spanish winemaking industry alive as temperatures rise. The scientists say the older grapevines have a more diverse genetic makeup.
Spain is the third-largest winemaking country in the world behind France and Italy. Spanish wine production is worth close to $5 billion in the country’s economy each year.
In addition to the genetic research, scientists are also working on different planting methods. A winery called RODA is planting vines in a curve (曲线) instead of a straight line. The hope is that plants will take in more water this way. The new vineyard is made up of vines that were over 100 years old and moved from another place.
12. What causes the difficulty in wine making in Rioja?
A. The low temperature. B. The age of grapevines.
C. The global warming. D. The traditional production process.
13. What does the underlined “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The computer screen. B. All kinds of grapevines.
C. Rows of gray shapes. D. A green rectangle.
14. What can we learn from the text?
A. Italy is currently the largest wine producer.
B. High quality wine needs grapes with short growth period.
C. The current goal of the laboratory is to renew the older grapevines.
D. Early grape picking would make the wine fail to meet the due standards.
15. Why do scientist plant the vines in a curve?
A. To get more water.
B. To enlarge planting area.
C. To reduce experiment cost.
D. To change the gene structure of grape.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西班牙葡萄酒基因研究人员认为，寿命超过35年的葡萄藤能够更好地应对气候变化带来的高温。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Winemakers in the Rioja area in northern Spain make some of the best wine for hundreds of years. But in recent years, winemakers there have been having trouble producing good wine. They say the wine tasted better in the past, when temperatures were usually cooler.(西班牙北部里奥哈地区的酿酒师酿造了数百年来最好的葡萄酒。但近年来，那里的酿酒师在酿造好酒方面遇到了麻烦。他们说，过去温度通常较低的时候，这种酒味道更好。)”可知，过去温度通常较低，酿造的葡萄酒味道更好，由此推知，由于现在全球气候变暖，温度升高，所以酿酒遇到了麻烦。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Carbonell looks at rows of gray shapes on his computer screen. Among them was a green rectangle (矩形). This, he said, represents a kind of grapevine that produces grapes that take longer to ripen (卡博内尔看着电脑屏幕上一排排灰色的图形。其中有一个绿色的矩形。他说，这代表了一种葡萄藤，它生产的葡萄需要更长的时间才能成熟)”和指代关系可推知，指示代词This指代的是上文中“a green rectangle”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“A longer ripeness period is what winemakers want. The current vines produce grapes that are ready to pick too early. Such grapes do not make wine that has the right colour and smell. The wine also has too much alcohol (酒精). (酿酒师想要的是更长的成熟期。目前的葡萄藤生产的葡萄太早就可以采摘了。这样的葡萄酿出来的酒颜色和气味都不合适。这种酒的酒精含量也太高了。)”可知，过早采摘葡萄会使葡萄酒达不到应有的标准。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A winery called RODA is planting vines in a curve (曲线) instead of a straight line. The hope is that plants will take in more water this way.(一家名为RODA的酿酒厂正在以曲线而不是直线的方式种植葡萄。人们希望植物可以通过这种方式吸收更多的水分)”可知，科学家把藤蔓种成一条曲线是希望通过这种方式吸收更多的水分。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2 . 5分，满分12 . 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
What do Gladys, Ruby and Logan all have in common? ____16____ But how do storms get their names? Here’s everything you need to know.
____17____
There’s quite a reasonable explanation for naming a storm. It’s simply to make people more aware when severe weather is on the way, with the idea being you’ll hear the name and you’ll know serious wind, rain or snow is coming. ____18____
When is a storm named?
____19____ In weather-speak, named storms mean red warnings and have destructive power. These warnings are issued for things like rain, wind, snow, ice, fog and extreme heat. So scientists believe that naming storms helps raise awareness of the impacts of severe weather and ensures clarity(清晰) for the public when they need it most.
How are the names chosen?
The Met. Office (气象部门) usually asks the public to suggest possible names for storms, and a new list is published every year. ____20____ Bad news is if your name begins with Q, U, X, Y or Z, you’re never going to get a storm named after you. The practice is to avoid a conflict with US hurricane naming traditions. In the US, hurricanes are often given clear and simple names, alphabetically (按字母顺序的) as well.
A. What is a storm?
B. Why are storms named?
C. Well, they are all names of storms.
D. A name is given when a storm is expected to cause medium or high impacts.
E. That way, people are better placed to keep themselves and their belongings safe.
F. When a storm arrives, forecasters will pick the next name from the list.
G. The lists are alphabetical, with names changing between male and female.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的风暴是如何命名的及为什么要为风暴命名。
【16题详解】
联系上文“What do Gladys, Ruby and Logan all have in common?(Gladys，Ruby和 Logan有什么共同点？)”和下文“But how do storms get their names?(但是风暴的名字是怎么来的呢？)”可知，上文列举的Gladys，Ruby和Logan是一些风暴的名称，空处对上文进行回答，C项“Well, they are all names of storms. (它们都是风暴的名称)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
综合本段信息“There’s quite a reasonable explanation for naming a storm. It’s simply to make people more aware when severe weather is on the way, with the idea being you’ll hear the name and you’ll know serious wind, rain or snow is coming.(给风暴命名有一个很合理的解释。这只是为了让人们在恶劣天气即将来临时更加清醒，因为你会听到这个名字，你会知道严重的风、雨或雪即将来临)”可知，本段主要是讲述了给风暴命名的缘由，B项“为什么要给风暴命名？”符合，下文对此问题进行回答，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It’s simply to make people more aware when severe weather is on the way, with the idea being you’ll hear the name and you’ll know serious wind, rain or snow is coming.(这（给风暴命名）只是为了让人们在恶劣天气即将来临时更加清醒，因为你会听到这个名字，你会知道严重的风、雨或雪即将来临)”可知，当人们知道有风暴将要来临时会警觉，E项“That way, people are better placed to keep themselves and their belongings safe. (那样，人们就会做好准备，以保全自己和所有的财产免受不必要的损失)”与上文语境契合，指出人们在知道有风暴将要来临时会警觉的好处。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“When is a storm named?(暴风雨是什么时候命名的？)”可知，此处讲风暴的命名时机，D项“A name is given when a storm is expected to cause medium or high impacts. (当风暴有可能要造成中等或严重影响时，这个风暴就将会被赋予一个名字)”与本段标题契合，且衔接自然。故选D。
20题详解】
根据上文“The Met. Office usually asks the public to suggest possible names for storms, and a new list is published every year.(气象部门通常要求公众提供可能的风暴名称，每年都会公布一个新的名单。)”可知，气象部门向社会征求风暴命名并出台名单，下文“Bad news is if your name begins with Q, U, X, Y or Z, you’re never going to get a storm named after you.(坏消息是，如果你的名字以 Q，U，X，Y或Z开头，你永远不会得到一个以你的名字命名的风暴名)”可知，有些字母开头的名字是不能用来命名风暴的，故此可推知，设空处应填与风暴命名规则有关的句子，特别是本段结尾处“alphabetically as well”更是提示，G项“The lists are alphabetical, with names changing between male and female. (名单是按照字母顺序编排的，在男性名字和女性名字间交替选取)”为最佳选项。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第 一 节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses for why students didn’t have their ____21____ . “The dog ate it” was one of them. As time passed, I grew tired of hearing and quit accepting any ____22____.
When I was transferred (转移) to another school, I took my straightforward ____23____ with me. “No excuses, no exceptions!”When a student didn’t have the homework, I never asked why. Instead, I sighed loudly, shook my head unhappily and ____24____ a zero.
One afternoon, shortly after the dismissal bell ( 下 课 铃 ) rang, Anne approached me. “Could I talk to you for a minute?”she asked ____25____. “I know what you said about our homework, but I don’t want you to think I’m a ____26____ girl because I come to school without mine so often. ”
Anne looked up at me, and I could see that her lower lip was shaking. “Um... , my dad moved out, and my mum works at night, so I have to ____27____ my little brothers. Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it ____28____ to concentrate. ”“Would it ____29____ if you stayed here after school and worked on it?”I asked. She nodded.
The next day, I ____30____ to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall. Anne was the first to show up. Several days later, Terrell ____31____ her, followed by twins Sandy and Randy. ____32____, I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons.
The things I learned weren’t taught in college. I discovered not all kids come from ____33____ that are safe and warm. Not all kids have a ____34____ bedroom with a desk and study light, and some kids do go to bed hungrily. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen”____35____ better than “No excuses”
21 A. equipment B. homework C. advice D. progress
22. A. wealth B. poverty C. excuse D. knowledge
23. A. attitude B. anger C. balance D. cash
24. A. informed B. requested C. refused D. recorded
25. A. nervously B. directly C. happily D. entirely
26. A. merry B. creative C. lazy D. lucky
27. A. make up for B. look after C. get rid of D. act as
28. A. hard B. simple C. curious D. amazing
29. A. protest B. survive C. help D. matter
30. A. discovered B. announced C. exploded D. argued
31. A. admitted B. changed C. located D. joined
32. A. Before long B. By accident C. At large D. Above all
33. A. schools B. homes C. classes D. countries
34. A. beautiful B. large C. quiet D. warm
35. A. impacts B. crashes C. sounds D. works
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是Anne改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生的心声的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的教学生涯早期，我听到过无数学生没有做家庭作业的借口。A. equipment设备；B. homework家庭作业；C. advice建议；D. progress进步。根据下文““The dog ate it” was one of them.”以及下一段中“When a student didn’t have the homework”可知，学生们不写作业有很多的理由，被狗吃了就是其中一个。下文中的单词homework是该空处的复现。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我听厌了，不再接受任何借口。A. wealth财富；B. poverty贫困；C. excuse借口；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses for why students didn’t have their ____1____ . ”可知，随着时间的推移，作者有了经验，所以当她听到这些借口时感到非常的厌烦。空处是上文中单词excuses的复现。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我转到另一所学校时，我带着我直率的态度：“没有借口，没有例外！”A. attitude态度；B. anger愤怒；C. balance平衡；D. cash现金。根据语境可知，作者转到另一所学校，带着以往的经验，她和她的新同学直接表明了她对于不写作业的态度，就是“没有借口，没有例外”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我大声叹了口气，不高兴地摇了摇头，录了一个零。A. informed通知；B. requested请求；C. refused拒绝；D. recorded登记。根据句中的“sighed loudly, shook my head unhappily”以及空后的zero可知，对于不写作业的学生们，作者不接受任何借口，而且会感到很不高兴，直接登记为零分。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我能和你聊一会儿吗？”？她紧张地问道。A. nervously紧张地；B. directly直接；C. happily快乐地；D. entirely完全。根据上文“One afternoon, shortly after the dismissal bell ( 下 课 铃 ) rang, Anne approached me.”可知，Anne是作者的一个学生，由此可推断，当学生和老师说话时，肯定会感到很紧张。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道你怎么要求我们的作业，但我不想让你认为我是个懒惰的女孩，因为我来学校时经常不带作业。A. merry快乐的；B. creative创造性的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. lucky有好运的。根据下文“ because I come to school without mine so often. ”可知，Anne经常不写作业，她肯定觉得老师认为她是一个很懒惰的人。所以她和老师谈话的目的就是告诉老师她不写作业的真实理由。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：嗯，我爸爸离开了我们，妈妈晚上工作，所以我必须照顾我的小弟弟。A. make up for弥补；B. look after照顾；C. get rid of除掉；D. act as充当。根据上文“my dad moved out, and my mum works at night”可知，Anne的爸爸离开了他们，妈妈晚上得工作，所以她必须要要照顾她的小弟弟。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时他们哭得很厉害，很难集中注意力。A. hard困难的；B. simple简单的；C . curious好奇的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据上文“Sometimes they cry a lot”可知，家里的环境很不好，小弟弟经常哭，所以对于Anne来说很难完成作业。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你放学后留在这里做作业，会有帮助吗？”我问道。A. protest抗议；B. survive存活；C. help帮助；D. matter重要。根据空后“if you stayed here after school and worked on it”以及下一段中“The next day, I ____10____ to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall. ”可知，听到Anne的经历后，作者想要帮助她。此处作者是在询问Anne“如果留在学校写作业会对她有帮助吗”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我向所有学生宣布，我将提供一个课后自习室。A. discovered发现；B. announced宣布；C. exploded爆炸；D. argued争辩。根据下文“Anne was the first to show up. Several days later, Terrell ____11____ her, followed by twins Sandy and Randy. ”可知，作者是在班里宣布她要给学生们提供一个课后自习室。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，特雷尔加入了她的行列，双胞胎桑迪和兰迪紧随其后。A. admitted承认；B. changed改变；C. located位于；D. joined加入。根据“I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons.”可知，在作者宣布完她要给学生们提供一个课后自习室后，Anne先出现在了自习室中，紧跟着就是Terrell加入了自习室。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：不久，我有一屋子八年级的学生在做作业。A. Before long不久；B. By accident偶然；C . At large普遍；D. Above all首先。根据上文“Anne was the first to show up. Several days later, Terrell ____11____ her, followed by twins Sandy and Randy. ”可知，孩子们一个接一个的加入了自习室，没过多久，很多八年级的孩子们都加入到了这个自习室中。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。我发现并不是所有的孩子都来自安全温暖的家。句意：A. schools学校；B. homes家；C. classes班级；D. countries国家。根据上文语境可知，Anne的家庭很困难，所以此处指不是所有的孩子都来自一个安全温暖的家。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是所有的孩子都有一间安静的卧室，里面有桌子和学习灯，有些孩子确实饿着肚子上床睡觉。A. beautiful美丽的；B. large大的；C. quiet安静的；D. warm温暖的。根据上文“Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it ____8____ to concentrate.”可知，不是所有的孩子们都有一个安静的学习环境。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我学会了“我会倾听”比“没有借口”更有效。A. impacts影响；B. crashes碰撞；C . sounds听起来；D. work起作用。根据全文内容可知，作者从开始对于不写作业的学生们不接受任何理由，但是后来遇到了Anne她才了解到，倾听孩子们的心声更能帮助到他们。比起“没有借口”，倾听会更起作用。work意为“起作用，有效果”。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Not having breakfast could raise your risk of heart disease by 87 percent, according to ____36____ scientific study.
Researchers analysed 18 years of data on 6, 550 people over forty who had no history of heart disease. Respondents( 被 调 查 者 ) were given regular surveys, ____37____ included the question: How often do you eat breakfast? Most (59 percent) ate breakfast every day, but 5.1 percent never did. 10. 9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent would skip a few ____38____ (day).
The team found a clear link ____39____ breakfast habits and the risk of heart disease Those who didn’t eat in the morning ____40____ (be) up to 87 percent more likely to develop heart disease.
”Breakfast ____41____ (believe)to be an important meal of the day, but there has been an increase of going without breakfast over the past 50 years, with as many _____42_____ 23. 8 percent of young people skipping breakfast every day, “ the authors write.
The team pointed out a few bad effects of not having breakfast. First, those who don’t eat breakfast may end up ____43____ (snack)unhealthily. Second, going without breakfast may lead to high blood ____44____ (press). The findings _____45_____ (publish)on the American College of Cardiology, came days after a similar study showing people who skip breakfast are less likely to survive a heart attack.
【答案】36. a 37. which
38. days 39. between
40. were 41. is believed
42. as 43. snacking
44. pressure
45. published
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项科学研究表明，不吃早餐会使你患心脏病的风险增加87%。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一项科学研究表明，不吃早餐会使患心脏病的风险增加87%。根据句意以及空后scientific study为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一项科学研究”为泛指概念，结合scientific为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：受访者定期接受调查，其中包括这样一个问题：你多久吃一次早餐？分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词surveys进行限定说明，先行词surveys在从句中作主语成分，所以应该用关系代词which。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：59%的人每天吃早餐，5. 1%的人从来不吃，10. 9%的人很少吃，25%的人会跳过几天。由空前“a few”可知，此处为应填名词复数形式。故填days。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究小组发现，吃早餐的习惯与患心脏病的风险之间存在一个明显的联系。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处缺介词，连接两个名词短语。构成between . . . and. . . 表示“在……之间”。故填between。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：那些早上不吃东西的人患心脏病的可能性要高出87%。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，本句主语为Those， 结合上下文时态可知，此处时态为一般过去时。故填were。
【41题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：作者写道：“早餐被认为是一天中的重要一餐，但在过去50年里，不吃早餐的人数在增加，多达23. 8%的年轻人每天都不吃早餐。”分析句子结构可知，此处主语为Breakfast第三人称单数，Breakfast和动词believe为被动关系，时态为一般现在时态，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填is believed。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处为as. . . as. . .为固定短语，表示“和……一样多”，满足句意要求。故填as。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，那些不吃早餐的人可能会不健康地吃零食。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处应填非谓语动词，end up doing sth. (最终成为，最后处于)为固定用法，所以此处为动名词形式。故填snacking。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：其次，不吃早餐可能会导致高血压。由空前lead to“导致”可知，这里用名词形式，构成名词短语high blood pressure“高血压”作lead to的宾语。故填pressure。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究发表在《美国心脏病学会》杂志上，几天前，一项类似的研究表明，不吃早餐的人在心脏病发作后存活下来的可能性更小。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰findings，findings和动词publish为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填published。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第 一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的美国好友Alice因超重落选啦啦队(cheerleading team)而感到烦恼，请 给她写一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 为她提出几点建议；
3. 你的期盼。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alice,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Alice,
I’m sorry to hear that you failed to get into your school cheerleading team because of your weight.
I understand quite well how you feel. Actually, things will improve if you follow the suggestions below. For a start, it is highly recommended that you make it a regular part of your life to do some exercise on a daily basis. At the same time, a balanced diet is also helpful. Eating more vegetables and fruit will be of great benefit to you. Pay more attention to your inner beauty rather than your appearance.
I hope that my recommendations will work out and I do believe you will be successful next time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国好友Alice写封邮件，对她落选啦啦队表示安慰，为她提出几点建议并表达你的期盼。
【详解】1.词汇积累
实际上：actually→as a matter of fact
有益的：helpful→beneficial
因为：because of→due to
同时：at the same time→in the meantime
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Pay more attention to your inner beauty rather than your appearance.
拓展句：I hold the belief that you should pay more attention to your inner beauty rather than your appearance.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Actually, things will improve if you follow the suggestions below. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2] For a start, it is highly recommended that you make it a regular part of your life to do some exercise on a daily basis. (运用了that引导的主语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The only real job I’d ever had was as manager of a local cafe. That was a rich experience, but I will never forget one thing.
Our family has a tradition of running cafes. When I was a kid, I had the dream of running a coffee shop independently. The third year after I graduated from college, the opportunity came.
My father took over a café shop in the central city, far from home. Maybe there was no suitable person to manage. My father did offer me full responsibility from decoration to business. Winter coming after fall, I was busy, painful and happy.
So tired as I was, I bothered myself to open up my café shop on the freezing morning. With many customers streaming in, I knew another long business day began. And I had to serve far into the night.
As I rushed among the tables, suddenly, a voice asked if I could mind a child. I was quite angry but I could tell the man was quite desperate (绝望的). So I had to make a deal with him that if he wanted his son to stay and wait for him, he had to buy something in the shop.
This was quite hard for the man to do. I could tell he was quite poor by the way he was dressed. It looked as if he had tried to come in his best clothes. But they still looked a bit old and worn out as if he had often worn them, just to make himself look best. Looking down I could see his shoes were also a bit torn and the heels (鞋后跟) were in a terrible state. I thought he was going for a job interview. In the end he bought a small box of cookies for his little son and seated him down in the corner. I could tell the boy was feeling down and only could do with a bit of cheering up.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing that the kid sat there, I was a bit worried.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At closing time, the only person left was the little boy.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Seeing that the kid sat there, I was a bit worried. Probably because he seldom went out, the boy sat on a seat in the corner nervously, looking down at the cookie on the table. Whenever someone came in at the door, he looked anxiously, hoping it was his father. I tried to chat with him several times, but he didn’t say a word. Finally, he even ignored me. The regular customers who came and went looked at this strange little customer. Several children wanted to play with him, but he also firmly refused. I was hoping his father would hurry up.
At closing time, the only person left was the little boy. After a while, the father finally came in with a tiresome look. I guessed he didn’t get any job. As they were leaving, I offered the kid a little cake. He didn’t eat the cake until his father nodded. I saw tears welling up in the father’s eyes and somewhere in my heart became soft. You never knew how your little act of kindness might find its way into someone else’s heart. I thought I had found a better way to run a cafe.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一家咖啡馆的经理的经历。有一天，一个穷困的父亲可能要去面试工作，把他的儿子托付在咖啡馆，深夜时父亲才带着疲惫的表情来接孩子，离开时，作者给了孩子一个小蛋糕。父亲眼中泛起泪水。作者认为善良的举动可能会触动他人的心灵，这让他找到了经营咖啡馆的更好方式。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到那孩子坐在那儿，我有点担心。”可知，第一段可描写作者观察到孩子局促焦急的状态，作者希望孩子的父亲快点回来接孩子。
②由第二段首句内容“关门的时候，只剩下那个小男孩了。”可知，第二段可描写孩子父亲回来接孩子，作者给了孩子一块蛋糕，小善举感动了孩子父亲，作者也因此找到了更好的经营咖啡馆的方法。
2.续写线索：我的担心——孩子焦急等待父亲——我的希望——孩子父亲回来——善意感动孩子父亲——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.不理睬：ignore / pay no attention to
②.努力做：try to do / endeavor to do
③.进来：come in / enter
情绪类
①.不安地：nervously / restlessly
②.令人厌烦的：tiresome / boring
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Whenever someone came in at the door, he looked anxiously, hoping it was his father.（由连词whenever引导的时间状语从句，现在分词作状语，省略连接词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. You never knew how your little act of kindness might find its way into someone else’s heart. （由连接词how引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1～5 BCBBA 6～10 CACBC 11～15 ABCBA 16～20 AABCB
河池市2023年春季学期高一年级期末教学质量检测
英语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
4. 本卷主要考查内容：外研版必修第二册～必修第三册。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. What is the woman going to do?
A. Get a camera. B. Take a bus. C. Help the man.
2. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and employee: B. Nurse and patient. C. Teacher and student.
3. What time is it now?
A. 10:32. B. 10:20. C. 10:12.
4. What are the speakers most probably talking about?
A. An actor. B. A film. C. A book.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the dormitory(宿舍). B. In the library. C. In the classroom.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the man want to go?
A. The office. B. The hospital. C. The bank.
7. How will the man go there?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman think of her physics test?
A. Too easy. B. Terribly hard. C. Not quite difficult.
9. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Bring his maths notes for her.
B. Prepare for a test with her.
C. Help her with her report.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. A gardener. B. A house owner. C. A salesperson.
11. What does the man say about the house?
A. It has a good view of the sunrise.
B. It has four bedrooms.
C. It is by the river.
12. How much does the woman need to pay in advance?
A. 6 million yuan. B. 3 million yuan. C. 1 million yuan.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Which country will the woman travel to?
A. Finland. B. England. C. Thailand.
14. Where does the woman plan to visit during the vacation?
A. Local schools. B. Tourist attractions. C. Famous hotels.
15. How many days will the woman travel alone?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Seven.
16. How will the man send the details to the woman?
A. By email. B. By letter. C. By telephone.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the speaker like as a child?
A. She loved maths.
B. She was good at word games.
C. She was interested in spelling.
18. How did the speaker become a successful word game player?
A. She learned to speak several languages.
B. She found spelling was similar to maths.
C. She met a great tutor in elementary school.
19. With whom did the speaker first play the game?
A. Her family. B. Her classmates. C. Online players.
20. Why did the speaker quit gaming?
A. She got married and became a mother.
B. Playing games too much affected her life.
C. She became bored with playing games.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第 一 节 (共15小题;每小题2 . 5分，满分37 . 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
North or south, east or west, there’s always something wonderful at the best botanical (植物的) gardens in the world. The amazing variety of plants on show offers an escape for nature lovers. Here are some of the top botanical gardens across the world.
Cambridge University Botanic Garden
The original Cambridge University Botanic Garden (CUBG) was founded in 1762 in the centre of the city, now known as the New Museums Site. It holds a collection of over 8, 000 plant species (物种) from all over the world to promote teaching and research.
It is open every day throughout the year except for Christmas closure—24 December to 1 January (included). Tickets can be bought using cash or card at the Gates upon arrival. Pre-booking is optional.
Oxford Botanic Garden
Founded in 1621, the Oxford Botanic Garden is committed to educating people about the importance of plants, to help protect plants that are from around the world, and to support teaching and research within the University and beyond.
It is open all year round from 10 a. m. to 6 p. m. Entry is only free for under 16s with an accompanying (陪同) paying adult. Unaccompanied under 16s will require a student ticket for entry.
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is a highlight of any visit to the Scottish. This breathtaking living collection of plants is over 350 years old.
The Garden is open daily and closed on 25 December and 1 January. Garden entry is free!
Cheekwood
Cheekwood, built in 1960, is a 55-acre botanical garden located on the historic Cheek estate (庄园). It welcomes over 300, 000 visitors each year, making it one of the city’s top cultural attractions.
Cheekwood is open every day throughout the year, except 25 December. All guests must book a timed-entry ticket online before visiting. No tickets will be sold on-site.
1. How many days will CUBG be closed to visitors in a year?
A. 7. B. 8. C. 9. D. 10.
2. What is special about Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh?
A. There is no entrance fee. B. It is open to visitors all the year.
C. It is to support teaching and research. D. It has the largest collection of plants.
3. Which of the following botanical gardens has the longest history?
A. Cambridge University Botanic Garden. B. Oxford Botanic Garden.
C. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. D. Cheekwood.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个植物园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cambridge University Botanic Garden中“It is open every day throughout the year except for Christmas closure—24 December to 1 January (included).”（它全年每天开放，除了圣诞节，12月24日至1月1日(包括在内)）可知，剑桥大学植物园一年有9天是闭园的。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh中“Garden entry is free!”（进入花园是免费的！）可知，爱丁堡皇家植物园的特别之处是游客不收入场费。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中四个植物园的建园时间可知，Cambridge University Botanic Garden成立于1762年，Oxford Botanic Garden成立于1621年，Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh距今有350年历史，大约成立于17世纪60年代，Cheekwood成立于1960年。因此四个植物园中历史最悠久的是Oxford Botanic Garden。故选B项。
B
From time to time Ding Peng makes his way across the waves to Zhongtiedun, an island in Zhejiang Province. He has made a point of coming back to visit it to greet and observe the Chinese crested terns (中华凤头燕鸥) over the past ten years.
The medium-sized bird is 30—40 centimeters long, with gray wings and a white body. It was first discovered in Indonesia by Polish in 1861. The birds were spotted in 1937 on islands around Qingdao, Shandong Province, and it was not until 2000 that a bird photographer spotted them on the Matsu Islands off the coast of Fujian Province, which immediately caused a storm in international ornithology (鸟类学) circles for researchers assumed that the birds had already died out.
Born in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, Ding grew up seeing barren (不毛的) mountains and sandstorms, and has an awareness of environmental protection at an early age. That was why, after graduating from university in 2012, he readily took a job offer from the Jiushan Archipelago National Nature Reserve (JANNR) in Zhejiang. “I love the sea and my major could be of some use in protecting it, ”he says.
Looking back at his life on the islands, Ding admits that it was very tough. There was no electricity to charge mobile phones and no air conditioner in hot summer, and drinking water was sent in by supply ships. The worst was the loneliness, though things took a turn for the better in 2017, when more volunteers came to join the bird protection team.
Ding’s contributions were recognized by the local authorities of Ningbo this year, who named him one of the city’s “most beautiful people”. “Everything was worth it, now that more people are aware of the importance of protecting the birds, and now that the number of the birds is on the rise, ” Ding says.
4. Why did the researchers feel surprised when a Chinese crested tern was found in 2000?
A. Because the event made them shameful.
B. Because they were unable to catch it.
C. Because they thought the birds were extinct.
D. Because it was spotted by a photographer instead of them.
5. What was the main reason why Ding decided to work for JANNR?
A. His major. B. Good salary.
C. The beautiful scenery. D. Living experience at his hometown.
6. How is Ding’s life on the islands?
A. Enjoyable. B. Difficult. C. Inspiring. D. Adventurous.
7. What does Ding think of his team’s work?
A. It’s perfect. B. It’s regrettable. C. It’s pointless. D. It’s fruitful.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了丁鹏以及其团队为保护中华风头燕鸥所付出的努力并产生良好效果的事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The birds were spotted in 1937 on islands around Qingdao, Shandong Province, and it was not until 2000 that a bird photographer spotted them on the Matsu Islands off the coast of Fujian Province, which immediately caused a storm in international ornithology (鸟类学) circles for researchers assumed that the birds had already died out.(1937年，人们在山东青岛附近的岛屿上发现了这种鸟，直到2000年，一位鸟类摄影师在福建沿海的马祖群岛发现了它们，这一消息立即在国际鸟类学界引起了轩然大波，因为研究人员认为这种鸟已经灭绝了)”可知，研究人员在2000年发现中国凤头燕鸥时感到惊讶是因为他们认为这种鸟已经灭绝了。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Born in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, Ding grew up seeing barren (不毛的) mountains and sandstorms, and has an awareness of environmental protection at an early age. That was why, after graduating from university in 2012, he readily took a job offer from the Jiushan Archipelago National Nature Reserve (JANNR) in Zhejiang.(丁出生在甘肃兰州，从小在荒山和沙尘暴中长大，从小就有环保意识。这就是为什么2012年大学毕业后，他欣然接受了浙江韭山列岛国家自然保护区的工作机会)”可知，丁决定为JANNR工作的主要原因是家乡的生活经历。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Looking back at his life on the islands, Ding admits that it was very tough. There was no electricity to charge mobile phones and no air conditioner in hot summer, and drinking water was sent in by supply ships. The worst was the loneliness, though things took a turn for the better in 2017, when more volunteers came to join the bird protection team.(回顾他在岛上的生活，丁承认非常艰难。在炎热的夏天，没有电给手机充电，也没有空调，饮用水是由补给船运送的。最糟糕的是孤独，尽管2017年情况有所好转，更多的志愿者加入了鸟类保护团队)”可推知，丁在岛上生活艰难。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Everything was worth it, now that more people are aware of the importance of protecting the birds, and now that the number of the birds is on the rise(一切都是值得的，现在越来越多的人意识到保护鸟类的重要性，现在鸟类的数量正在上升)”可推知，丁认为他们的工作是富有成效的。故选D。
C
Experts often tell students to centre their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.
They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business. He realized that people who used thread(线) to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies.
In 1978, a professor from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania won the Nobel Prize in economics. His name was Herbert Simon. He worked in many parts of the university during his career and supported projects in computer science, artificial intelligence, psychology, philosophy and economics. Outside of work, he played the piano, wrote music, painted, made drawings and played chess.
They found that most professionals are not like the prize-winners. The prize-winners are special in that they regularly look for the chances to learn new things, even outside of their jobs.
Dario Fo won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997. He talked about drawing and painting as a way to solve problems that came up in his writing. “When I’m having difficulty with a play, I stop writing so I can draw out the action in pictures,” he said.
The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful. They pointed to a 2012 report about students who study two major fields in college. That study plan is called a “double major”. Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centred on only one study area.
Other researchers have found that having an outside activity that makes you think can help predict future success in a job. Some of those activities include playing chess, performing music or creating art.
8. For what did Alexis Carrel win the Nobel Prize?
A. His wide range of knowledge.
B. A major breakthrough in organ transplant.
C. The new effective medicine he invented.
D. His achievements in the clothing industry.
9. What does Herbert Simon’s career mainly tell us?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Never too old to learn.
C. Knowledge is no burden(负担). D. The early bird catches the worm.
10. What advantages might students take double majors have?
A. Their spare time life is colourful,
B. They may be open-minded and creative.
C. They will win big prizes in the future.
D. They stick to the same job for a long time.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Good Foundation for Your Future Success
B. Basic Quality of Creative Talents from Nobel Winners
C. Study: Future Students with One Profession and Many Capabilities
D. Study: Nobel Prize Often Goes to People of Wide Interests
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作。但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是重要的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business. He realized that people who used thread(线) to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies.”（他们说，亚历克西斯·卡雷尔（Alexis Carrel）在1912年获得诺贝尔医学奖时，运用了从服装业学到的技术。他意识到，那些用线制作和修理衣服的人有一种技能，可以用于将新器官植入人体的手术。）可知，亚历克西斯·卡雷尔（Alexis Carrel）凭借着 器官移植的重大突破获得诺贝尔奖。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“He worked in many parts of the university during his career and supported projects in computer science, artificial intelligence, psychology, philosophy and economics. Outside of work, he played the piano, wrote music, painted, made drawings and played chess.”（在他的职业生涯中，他在大学的许多部门工作，并支持了计算机科学，人工智能，心理学，哲学和经济学方面的项目。工作之余，他弹钢琴、作曲、画画、下棋。）以及第四段“They found that most professionals are not like the prize-winners. The prize-winners are special in that they regularly look for the chances to learn new things, even outside of their jobs.”（他们发现，大多数专业人士并不像获奖者那样。获奖者的特殊之处在于，他们经常寻找学习新事物的机会，甚至在工作之外。）可知，赫伯特·西蒙在工作之外，一直在学习，由此可推知，赫伯特·西蒙的职业生涯主要告诉我们知识不是负担。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centred on only one study area.”（双学位的学生往往比那些只专注于一个学习领域的学生更有创造力，对创业更感兴趣。）可知，选修双学位的学生他们可能思想开放，富有创造力。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Experts often tell students to centre their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.”（专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作。但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣很重要。米歇尔·鲁特-伯恩斯坦和罗伯特·鲁特-伯恩斯坦在《创造力研究杂志》上发表了他们的研究。）可知，文章主要讲的是专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作。但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是重要的。故文章最好的标题是“研究表明：诺贝尔奖通常授予有广泛兴趣的人”。故选D项。
D
Genetic researchers in Spain’s wine country believe grapevines (葡萄藤) that have lived for more than 35 years are better able to deal with high temperatures brought by climate change.
Winemakers in the Rioja area in northern Spain make some of the best wine for hundreds of years. But in recent years, winemakers there have been having trouble producing good wine. They say the wine tasted better in the past, when temperatures were usually cooler.
Researchers like Pablo Carbonell think older grapevines may be able to grow better in higher temperatures. Carbonell looks at rows of gray shapes on his computer screen. Among them was a green rectangle (矩形). This, he said, represents a kind of grapevine that produces grapes that take longer to ripen (成熟), even in warmer conditions.
A longer ripeness period is what winemakers want. The current vines produce grapes that are ready to pick too early. Such grapes do not make wine that has the right colour and smell. The wine also has too much alcohol (酒精).
People who work in the vineyards have long crossed old vines with new ones. Now they are working with special laboratories — like the one where Carbonell works — to find a climate- resistant (耐气候的) vine. The scientists there are studying the genomes (基因组) of commonly used grapes in Spanish wine.
The lab is working to keep the Spanish winemaking industry alive as temperatures rise. The scientists say the older grapevines have a more diverse genetic makeup.
Spain is the third-largest winemaking country in the world behind France and Italy. Spanish wine production is worth close to $5 billion in the country’s economy each year.
In addition to the genetic research, scientists are also working on different planting methods. A winery called RODA is planting vines in a curve (曲线) instead of a straight line. The hope is that plants will take in more water this way. The new vineyard is made up of vines that were over 100 years old and moved from another place.
12. What causes the difficulty in wine making in Rioja?
A. The low temperature. B. The age of grapevines.
C. The global warming. D. The traditional production process.
13. What does the underlined “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The computer screen. B. All kinds of grapevines.
C. Rows of gray shapes. D. A green rectangle.
14. What can we learn from the text?
A. Italy is currently the largest wine producer.
B. High quality wine needs grapes with short growth period.
C. The current goal of the laboratory is to renew the older grapevines.
D. Early grape picking would make the wine fail to meet the due standards.
15. Why do scientist plant the vines in a curve?
A. To get more water.
B. To enlarge planting area.
C. To reduce experiment cost.
D. To change the gene structure of grape.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西班牙葡萄酒基因研究人员认为，寿命超过35年的葡萄藤能够更好地应对气候变化带来的高温。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Winemakers in the Rioja area in northern Spain make some of the best wine for hundreds of years. But in recent years, winemakers there have been having trouble producing good wine. They say the wine tasted better in the past, when temperatures were usually cooler.(西班牙北部里奥哈地区的酿酒师酿造了数百年来最好的葡萄酒。但近年来，那里的酿酒师在酿造好酒方面遇到了麻烦。他们说，过去温度通常较低的时候，这种酒味道更好。)”可知，过去温度通常较低，酿造的葡萄酒味道更好，由此推知，由于现在全球气候变暖，温度升高，所以酿酒遇到了麻烦。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Carbonell looks at rows of gray shapes on his computer screen. Among them was a green rectangle (矩形). This, he said, represents a kind of grapevine that produces grapes that take longer to ripen (卡博内尔看着电脑屏幕上一排排灰色的图形。其中有一个绿色的矩形。他说，这代表了一种葡萄藤，它生产的葡萄需要更长的时间才能成熟)”和指代关系可推知，指示代词This指代的是上文中“a green rectangle”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“A longer ripeness period is what winemakers want. The current vines produce grapes that are ready to pick too early. Such grapes do not make wine that has the right colour and smell. The wine also has too much alcohol (酒精). (酿酒师想要的是更长的成熟期。目前的葡萄藤生产的葡萄太早就可以采摘了。这样的葡萄酿出来的酒颜色和气味都不合适。这种酒的酒精含量也太高了。)”可知，过早采摘葡萄会使葡萄酒达不到应有的标准。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A winery called RODA is planting vines in a curve (曲线) instead of a straight line. The hope is that plants will take in more water this way.(一家名为RODA的酿酒厂正在以曲线而不是直线的方式种植葡萄。人们希望植物可以通过这种方式吸收更多的水分)”可知，科学家把藤蔓种成一条曲线是希望通过这种方式吸收更多的水分。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2 . 5分，满分12 . 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
What do Gladys, Ruby and Logan all have in common? ____16____ But how do storms get their names? Here’s everything you need to know.
____17____
There’s quite a reasonable explanation for naming a storm. It’s simply to make people more aware when severe weather is on the way, with the idea being you’ll hear the name and you’ll know serious wind, rain or snow is coming. ____18____
When is a storm named?
____19____ In weather-speak, named storms mean red warnings and have destructive power. These warnings are issued for things like rain, wind, snow, ice, fog and extreme heat. So scientists believe that naming storms helps raise awareness of the impacts of severe weather and ensures clarity(清晰) for the public when they need it most.
How are the names chosen?
The Met. Office (气象部门) usually asks the public to suggest possible names for storms, and a new list is published every year. ____20____ Bad news is if your name begins with Q, U, X, Y or Z, you’re never going to get a storm named after you. The practice is to avoid a conflict with US hurricane naming traditions. In the US, hurricanes are often given clear and simple names, alphabetically (按字母顺序的) as well.
A. What is a storm?
B. Why are storms named?
C. Well, they are all names of storms.
D. A name is given when a storm is expected to cause medium or high impacts.
E. That way, people are better placed to keep themselves and their belongings safe.
F. When a storm arrives, forecasters will pick the next name from the list.
G. The lists are alphabetical, with names changing between male and female.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的风暴是如何命名的及为什么要为风暴命名。
【16题详解】
联系上文“What do Gladys, Ruby and Logan all have in common?(Gladys，Ruby和 Logan有什么共同点？)”和下文“But how do storms get their names?(但是风暴的名字是怎么来的呢？)”可知，上文列举的Gladys，Ruby和Logan是一些风暴的名称，空处对上文进行回答，C项“Well, they are all names of storms. (它们都是风暴的名称)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
综合本段信息“There’s quite a reasonable explanation for naming a storm. It’s simply to make people more aware when severe weather is on the way, with the idea being you’ll hear the name and you’ll know serious wind, rain or snow is coming.(给风暴命名有一个很合理的解释。这只是为了让人们在恶劣天气即将来临时更加清醒，因为你会听到这个名字，你会知道严重的风、雨或雪即将来临)”可知，本段主要是讲述了给风暴命名的缘由，B项“为什么要给风暴命名？”符合，下文对此问题进行回答，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It’s simply to make people more aware when severe weather is on the way, with the idea being you’ll hear the name and you’ll know serious wind, rain or snow is coming.(这（给风暴命名）只是为了让人们在恶劣天气即将来临时更加清醒，因为你会听到这个名字，你会知道严重的风、雨或雪即将来临)”可知，当人们知道有风暴将要来临时会警觉，E项“That way, people are better placed to keep themselves and their belongings safe. (那样，人们就会做好准备，以保全自己和所有的财产免受不必要的损失)”与上文语境契合，指出人们在知道有风暴将要来临时会警觉的好处。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“When is a storm named?(暴风雨是什么时候命名的？)”可知，此处讲风暴的命名时机，D项“A name is given when a storm is expected to cause medium or high impacts. (当风暴有可能要造成中等或严重影响时，这个风暴就将会被赋予一个名字)”与本段标题契合，且衔接自然。故选D。
20题详解】
根据上文“The Met. Office usually asks the public to suggest possible names for storms, and a new list is published every year.(气象部门通常要求公众提供可能的风暴名称，每年都会公布一个新的名单。)”可知，气象部门向社会征求风暴命名并出台名单，下文“Bad news is if your name begins with Q, U, X, Y or Z, you’re never going to get a storm named after you.(坏消息是，如果你的名字以 Q，U，X，Y或Z开头，你永远不会得到一个以你的名字命名的风暴名)”可知，有些字母开头的名字是不能用来命名风暴的，故此可推知，设空处应填与风暴命名规则有关的句子，特别是本段结尾处“alphabetically as well”更是提示，G项“The lists are alphabetical, with names changing between male and female. (名单是按照字母顺序编排的，在男性名字和女性名字间交替选取)”为最佳选项。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第 一 节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses for why students didn’t have their ____21____ . “The dog ate it” was one of them. As time passed, I grew tired of hearing and quit accepting any ____22____.
When I was transferred (转移) to another school, I took my straightforward ____23____ with me. “No excuses, no exceptions!”When a student didn’t have the homework, I never asked why. Instead, I sighed loudly, shook my head unhappily and ____24____ a zero.
One afternoon, shortly after the dismissal bell ( 下 课 铃 ) rang, Anne approached me. “Could I talk to you for a minute?”she asked ____25____. “I know what you said about our homework, but I don’t want you to think I’m a ____26____ girl because I come to school without mine so often. ”
Anne looked up at me, and I could see that her lower lip was shaking. “Um... , my dad moved out, and my mum works at night, so I have to ____27____ my little brothers. Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it ____28____ to concentrate. ”“Would it ____29____ if you stayed here after school and worked on it?”I asked. She nodded.
The next day, I ____30____ to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall. Anne was the first to show up. Several days later, Terrell ____31____ her, followed by twins Sandy and Randy. ____32____, I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons.
The things I learned weren’t taught in college. I discovered not all kids come from ____33____ that are safe and warm. Not all kids have a ____34____ bedroom with a desk and study light, and some kids do go to bed hungrily. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen”____35____ better than “No excuses”
21 A. equipment B. homework C. advice D. progress
22. A. wealth B. poverty C. excuse D. knowledge
23. A. attitude B. anger C. balance D. cash
24. A. informed B. requested C. refused D. recorded
25. A. nervously B. directly C. happily D. entirely
26. A. merry B. creative C. lazy D. lucky
27. A. make up for B. look after C. get rid of D. act as
28. A. hard B. simple C. curious D. amazing
29. A. protest B. survive C. help D. matter
30. A. discovered B. announced C. exploded D. argued
31. A. admitted B. changed C. located D. joined
32. A. Before long B. By accident C. At large D. Above all
33. A. schools B. homes C. classes D. countries
34. A. beautiful B. large C. quiet D. warm
35. A. impacts B. crashes C. sounds D. works
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是Anne改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生的心声的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的教学生涯早期，我听到过无数学生没有做家庭作业的借口。A. equipment设备；B. homework家庭作业；C. advice建议；D. progress进步。根据下文““The dog ate it” was one of them.”以及下一段中“When a student didn’t have the homework”可知，学生们不写作业有很多的理由，被狗吃了就是其中一个。下文中的单词homework是该空处的复现。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我听厌了，不再接受任何借口。A. wealth财富；B. poverty贫困；C. excuse借口；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses for why students didn’t have their ____1____ . ”可知，随着时间的推移，作者有了经验，所以当她听到这些借口时感到非常的厌烦。空处是上文中单词excuses的复现。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我转到另一所学校时，我带着我直率的态度：“没有借口，没有例外！”A. attitude态度；B. anger愤怒；C. balance平衡；D. cash现金。根据语境可知，作者转到另一所学校，带着以往的经验，她和她的新同学直接表明了她对于不写作业的态度，就是“没有借口，没有例外”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我大声叹了口气，不高兴地摇了摇头，录了一个零。A. informed通知；B. requested请求；C. refused拒绝；D. recorded登记。根据句中的“sighed loudly, shook my head unhappily”以及空后的zero可知，对于不写作业的学生们，作者不接受任何借口，而且会感到很不高兴，直接登记为零分。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我能和你聊一会儿吗？”？她紧张地问道。A. nervously紧张地；B. directly直接；C. happily快乐地；D. entirely完全。根据上文“One afternoon, shortly after the dismissal bell ( 下 课 铃 ) rang, Anne approached me.”可知，Anne是作者的一个学生，由此可推断，当学生和老师说话时，肯定会感到很紧张。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道你怎么要求我们的作业，但我不想让你认为我是个懒惰的女孩，因为我来学校时经常不带作业。A. merry快乐的；B. creative创造性的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. lucky有好运的。根据下文“ because I come to school without mine so often. ”可知，Anne经常不写作业，她肯定觉得老师认为她是一个很懒惰的人。所以她和老师谈话的目的就是告诉老师她不写作业的真实理由。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：嗯，我爸爸离开了我们，妈妈晚上工作，所以我必须照顾我的小弟弟。A. make up for弥补；B. look after照顾；C. get rid of除掉；D. act as充当。根据上文“my dad moved out, and my mum works at night”可知，Anne的爸爸离开了他们，妈妈晚上得工作，所以她必须要要照顾她的小弟弟。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时他们哭得很厉害，很难集中注意力。A. hard困难的；B. simple简单的；C . curious好奇的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据上文“Sometimes they cry a lot”可知，家里的环境很不好，小弟弟经常哭，所以对于Anne来说很难完成作业。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你放学后留在这里做作业，会有帮助吗？”我问道。A. protest抗议；B. survive存活；C. help帮助；D. matter重要。根据空后“if you stayed here after school and worked on it”以及下一段中“The next day, I ____10____ to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall. ”可知，听到Anne的经历后，作者想要帮助她。此处作者是在询问Anne“如果留在学校写作业会对她有帮助吗”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我向所有学生宣布，我将提供一个课后自习室。A. discovered发现；B. announced宣布；C. exploded爆炸；D. argued争辩。根据下文“Anne was the first to show up. Several days later, Terrell ____11____ her, followed by twins Sandy and Randy. ”可知，作者是在班里宣布她要给学生们提供一个课后自习室。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，特雷尔加入了她的行列，双胞胎桑迪和兰迪紧随其后。A. admitted承认；B. changed改变；C. located位于；D. joined加入。根据“I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons.”可知，在作者宣布完她要给学生们提供一个课后自习室后，Anne先出现在了自习室中，紧跟着就是Terrell加入了自习室。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：不久，我有一屋子八年级的学生在做作业。A. Before long不久；B. By accident偶然；C . At large普遍；D. Above all首先。根据上文“Anne was the first to show up. Several days later, Terrell ____11____ her, followed by twins Sandy and Randy. ”可知，孩子们一个接一个的加入了自习室，没过多久，很多八年级的孩子们都加入到了这个自习室中。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。我发现并不是所有的孩子都来自安全温暖的家。句意：A. schools学校；B. homes家；C. classes班级；D. countries国家。根据上文语境可知，Anne的家庭很困难，所以此处指不是所有的孩子都来自一个安全温暖的家。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是所有的孩子都有一间安静的卧室，里面有桌子和学习灯，有些孩子确实饿着肚子上床睡觉。A. beautiful美丽的；B. large大的；C. quiet安静的；D. warm温暖的。根据上文“Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it ____8____ to concentrate.”可知，不是所有的孩子们都有一个安静的学习环境。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我学会了“我会倾听”比“没有借口”更有效。A. impacts影响；B. crashes碰撞；C . sounds听起来；D. work起作用。根据全文内容可知，作者从开始对于不写作业的学生们不接受任何理由，但是后来遇到了Anne她才了解到，倾听孩子们的心声更能帮助到他们。比起“没有借口”，倾听会更起作用。work意为“起作用，有效果”。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Not having breakfast could raise your risk of heart disease by 87 percent, according to ____36____ scientific study.
Researchers analysed 18 years of data on 6, 550 people over forty who had no history of heart disease. Respondents( 被 调 查 者 ) were given regular surveys, ____37____ included the question: How often do you eat breakfast? Most (59 percent) ate breakfast every day, but 5.1 percent never did. 10. 9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent would skip a few ____38____ (day).
The team found a clear link ____39____ breakfast habits and the risk of heart disease Those who didn’t eat in the morning ____40____ (be) up to 87 percent more likely to develop heart disease.
”Breakfast ____41____ (believe)to be an important meal of the day, but there has been an increase of going without breakfast over the past 50 years, with as many _____42_____ 23. 8 percent of young people skipping breakfast every day, “ the authors write.
The team pointed out a few bad effects of not having breakfast. First, those who don’t eat breakfast may end up ____43____ (snack)unhealthily. Second, going without breakfast may lead to high blood ____44____ (press). The findings _____45_____ (publish)on the American College of Cardiology, came days after a similar study showing people who skip breakfast are less likely to survive a heart attack.
【答案】36. a 37. which
38. days 39. between
40. were 41. is believed
42. as 43. snacking
44. pressure
45. published
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项科学研究表明，不吃早餐会使你患心脏病的风险增加87%。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一项科学研究表明，不吃早餐会使患心脏病的风险增加87%。根据句意以及空后scientific study为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一项科学研究”为泛指概念，结合scientific为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：受访者定期接受调查，其中包括这样一个问题：你多久吃一次早餐？分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词surveys进行限定说明，先行词surveys在从句中作主语成分，所以应该用关系代词which。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：59%的人每天吃早餐，5. 1%的人从来不吃，10. 9%的人很少吃，25%的人会跳过几天。由空前“a few”可知，此处为应填名词复数形式。故填days。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究小组发现，吃早餐的习惯与患心脏病的风险之间存在一个明显的联系。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处缺介词，连接两个名词短语。构成between . . . and. . . 表示“在……之间”。故填between。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：那些早上不吃东西的人患心脏病的可能性要高出87%。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，本句主语为Those， 结合上下文时态可知，此处时态为一般过去时。故填were。
【41题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：作者写道：“早餐被认为是一天中的重要一餐，但在过去50年里，不吃早餐的人数在增加，多达23. 8%的年轻人每天都不吃早餐。”分析句子结构可知，此处主语为Breakfast第三人称单数，Breakfast和动词believe为被动关系，时态为一般现在时态，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填is believed。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处为as. . . as. . .为固定短语，表示“和……一样多”，满足句意要求。故填as。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，那些不吃早餐的人可能会不健康地吃零食。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处应填非谓语动词，end up doing sth. (最终成为，最后处于)为固定用法，所以此处为动名词形式。故填snacking。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：其次，不吃早餐可能会导致高血压。由空前lead to“导致”可知，这里用名词形式，构成名词短语high blood pressure“高血压”作lead to的宾语。故填pressure。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究发表在《美国心脏病学会》杂志上，几天前，一项类似的研究表明，不吃早餐的人在心脏病发作后存活下来的可能性更小。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰findings，findings和动词publish为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填published。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第 一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的美国好友Alice因超重落选啦啦队(cheerleading team)而感到烦恼，请 给她写一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 为她提出几点建议；
3. 你的期盼。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alice,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Alice,
I’m sorry to hear that you failed to get into your school cheerleading team because of your weight.
I understand quite well how you feel. Actually, things will improve if you follow the suggestions below. For a start, it is highly recommended that you make it a regular part of your life to do some exercise on a daily basis. At the same time, a balanced diet is also helpful. Eating more vegetables and fruit will be of great benefit to you. Pay more attention to your inner beauty rather than your appearance.
I hope that my recommendations will work out and I do believe you will be successful next time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国好友Alice写封邮件，对她落选啦啦队表示安慰，为她提出几点建议并表达你的期盼。
【详解】1.词汇积累
实际上：actually→as a matter of fact
有益的：helpful→beneficial
因为：because of→due to
同时：at the same time→in the meantime
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Pay more attention to your inner beauty rather than your appearance.
拓展句：I hold the belief that you should pay more attention to your inner beauty rather than your appearance.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Actually, things will improve if you follow the suggestions below. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2] For a start, it is highly recommended that you make it a regular part of your life to do some exercise on a daily basis. (运用了that引导的主语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The only real job I’d ever had was as manager of a local cafe. That was a rich experience, but I will never forget one thing.
Our family has a tradition of running cafes. When I was a kid, I had the dream of running a coffee shop independently. The third year after I graduated from college, the opportunity came.
My father took over a café shop in the central city, far from home. Maybe there was no suitable person to manage. My father did offer me full responsibility from decoration to business. Winter coming after fall, I was busy, painful and happy.
So tired as I was, I bothered myself to open up my café shop on the freezing morning. With many customers streaming in, I knew another long business day began. And I had to serve far into the night.
As I rushed among the tables, suddenly, a voice asked if I could mind a child. I was quite angry but I could tell the man was quite desperate (绝望的). So I had to make a deal with him that if he wanted his son to stay and wait for him, he had to buy something in the shop.
This was quite hard for the man to do. I could tell he was quite poor by the way he was dressed. It looked as if he had tried to come in his best clothes. But they still looked a bit old and worn out as if he had often worn them, just to make himself look best. Looking down I could see his shoes were also a bit torn and the heels (鞋后跟) were in a terrible state. I thought he was going for a job interview. In the end he bought a small box of cookies for his little son and seated him down in the corner. I could tell the boy was feeling down and only could do with a bit of cheering up.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing that the kid sat there, I was a bit worried.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At closing time, the only person left was the little boy.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Seeing that the kid sat there, I was a bit worried. Probably because he seldom went out, the boy sat on a seat in the corner nervously, looking down at the cookie on the table. Whenever someone came in at the door, he looked anxiously, hoping it was his father. I tried to chat with him several times, but he didn’t say a word. Finally, he even ignored me. The regular customers who came and went looked at this strange little customer. Several children wanted to play with him, but he also firmly refused. I was hoping his father would hurry up.
At closing time, the only person left was the little boy. After a while, the father finally came in with a tiresome look. I guessed he didn’t get any job. As they were leaving, I offered the kid a little cake. He didn’t eat the cake until his father nodded. I saw tears welling up in the father’s eyes and somewhere in my heart became soft. You never knew how your little act of kindness might find its way into someone else’s heart. I thought I had found a better way to run a cafe.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一家咖啡馆的经理的经历。有一天，一个穷困的父亲可能要去面试工作，把他的儿子托付在咖啡馆，深夜时父亲才带着疲惫的表情来接孩子，离开时，作者给了孩子一个小蛋糕。父亲眼中泛起泪水。作者认为善良的举动可能会触动他人的心灵，这让他找到了经营咖啡馆的更好方式。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到那孩子坐在那儿，我有点担心。”可知，第一段可描写作者观察到孩子局促焦急的状态，作者希望孩子的父亲快点回来接孩子。
②由第二段首句内容“关门的时候，只剩下那个小男孩了。”可知，第二段可描写孩子父亲回来接孩子，作者给了孩子一块蛋糕，小善举感动了孩子父亲，作者也因此找到了更好的经营咖啡馆的方法。
2.续写线索：我的担心——孩子焦急等待父亲——我的希望——孩子父亲回来——善意感动孩子父亲——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.不理睬：ignore / pay no attention to
②.努力做：try to do / endeavor to do
③.进来：come in / enter
情绪类
①.不安地：nervously / restlessly
②.令人厌烦的：tiresome / boring
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Whenever someone came in at the door, he looked anxiously, hoping it was his father.（由连词whenever引导的时间状语从句，现在分词作状语，省略连接词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. You never knew how your little act of kindness might find its way into someone else’s heart. （由连接词how引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1～5 BCBBA 6～10 CACBC 11～15 ABCBA 16～20 AABCB
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