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    专题03 重点语法复习:非限制性定语从句(考点串讲+模拟演练)-2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲(牛津译林版2020)

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    专题03 重点语法复习:非限制性定语从句(考点串讲+模拟演练)-2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲(牛津译林版2020)

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    专题03 重点语法复习非限制性定语从句一、特点1.非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开,是对先行词的附加说明,如果去掉,句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。The childrenwho wanted to have a journey to the valleywere disappointed when the journey was cancelled.那些想去山谷旅行的孩子都因旅行的取消而感到失望。That they will get marriedwhich has not been announcedhas spread around.他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布,却已经被传得沸沸扬扬。2.非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词,也可为整个句子或其中一部分,且常译成并列的分句。We’ll graduate in Julywhen we will be free.(先行词为名词)我们将于七月份毕业,到那时我们就自由了。He often comes to school latewhich makes his teacher angry.(先行词为主句的内容)他经常上学迟到,这使得他的老师很生气。二、关系词1.关系代词which 指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;who/whom指人,who在从句中作主语,而whom在从句中作宾语;as既可指人也可指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;whose既可指人也可指物,在从句中作定语。He has good mannersas could be judged from his behavior.他很讲礼貌,这从他的行为可以判断出来。Mr. Kingwhose legs were badly hurtwas quickly taken to hospital.金先生迅速被送去医院了,他的腿受了重伤。2.关系副词when指代时间,在从句中充当时间状语,可与介词+which”互换;where指代地点,在从句中充当地点状语,也可与介词+which”互换。We will put off the outing until next Sundaywhen/on which we won’t be so busy.我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期天,那时我们就不会这么忙了。Yesterdaythey went out to have a picnic in the suburbwhere/in which they had a good time.昨天,他们到郊区去野餐了,在那里他们玩得很开心。【名师点津】(1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。(2)在非限制性定语从句中,先行词为reason时,关系词不用why引导,用for which代替whyHe has been busy with his work the whole holidaywhich has made his girlfriend unhappy.他一整个假期都忙于工作,这令他的女朋友很生气。The reasonfor which he couldn’t reduce his consumptionwasn’t given.他为何不能降低消费,他没有给出任何理由。三、aswhich引导非限制性定语从句的区别 aswhich指代引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容,也可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前,之中或之后引导从句不能置于主句之前意义正如这,那功能连接上下文,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句As we all knowthe earth moves around the sun.众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。The singeras was expectedachieved a great success.正如所期盼的那样,这位歌手取得了巨大成功。Catherine will attend a friend’s weddingwhich she is busy preparing for now.凯瑟琳将参加一个朋友的婚礼,现在她正在为此做准备。四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义起限定作用,指特定的人或物,从句不可省略,否则原句句意不完整仅作补充或说明作用,若去掉从句,主句意思仍然完整结构要求紧跟先行词,从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词及关系副词关系代词或关系副词,但是关系代词that及关系副词why除外When you reached the villageyou would first find a house whose windows were made of wood.当你到达那个村庄时,你首先会发现一座有着木窗的房子。They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain areawhere they also did some climbing.他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景,在那里他们还做了些爬山运动。【巧学助记】定从分类有奥妙,限与非限看逗号;定前必有先行词,名代两类最适宜;定从先行很紧密,代副两词拉关系。模拟演练用适当的词填空1.(2023·高二课时练习)Mao Dun is one of the greatest modern ____(novel) in China, ____most famous work is Midnight. 【答案】     novelists     whose【详解】考查名词和定语从句。句意:茅盾是中国最伟大的现代小说家之一,他最著名的作品是《子夜》。根据句意可知第一空指小说家,且one of后跟可数名词的复数形式;第二空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Mao Dun,且在从句中作定语。故填novelistswhose2.(2023·高二课时练习)Up to now, Susan has set up many projects, one of ___received an award at the science fair. 【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:到目前为止,Susan已经开展了许多项目,其中一个在科学展览会上获得了奖项。此处是代词+of+关系代词引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词many projects指物,位于介词后,故填which3.(2023·高二课时练习)The film tells a story happening in the year 1921, ____the Communist Party of China held its first National Congress in Shanghai and Jiaxing, Zhejiang province. 【答案】when【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这部电影讲述了发生在1921年的一个故事,当时中国共产党在上海和浙江嘉兴举行了第一次全国代表大会。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the year 1921,并在从句中作时间状语,用when引导。故填when4.(2023·高二课时练习)Bing Dwen Dwen, ____appearance is a panda cub dressed in a full-body ice shell, has become a major attraction of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, winning the hearts of athletes, the media and audiences over the globe. 【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:冰墩墩的外形是一个全身裹着冰壳的熊猫萌宠,它已经成了2022年北京冬奥会的一个主要亮点,赢得了全球运动员、媒体和观众的关注。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Bing Dwen Dwen,并在从句中作定语。故填whose5.(2023·高二课时练习)____ is mentioned above, the number of the students who are interested in wushu is increasing in most high schools in China. 【答案】As【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意: 如上所述,在中国大多数中学,对武术感兴趣的学生的人数正在增加。空处引导非限制性定语从句,意为正如”,应用as引导,关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填As6.(2023·内蒙古赤峰·高二赤峰二中校考期末)They deal with social situations, ________ no doubt conflicts occur. 【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他们处理的是毫无疑问会发生冲突的社会状况。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词situations,从句缺少地点状语,故填where7.(2023·山东济宁·高二统考期末)Don’t miss the visit to the museum, ________is known as “Chinese Treasure House”.  【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:不要错过参观被称为中国宝库的博物馆。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是museum,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which8.(2023·福建漳州·高二统考期末)There were 10 postmen in the photo, most of ________ wore hats. 【答案】whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意:照片中有10名邮递员,大多数人都戴着帽子。句中先行词为 postmen ,在非限定性定语从句中作most of的宾语,所以用关系代词whom引导。故填whom9.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)They set sail in the morning and made it ________ a small town before dark, ___________ they had a good rest.【答案】     to     where【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。句意:他们早上启航,天黑前到达一个小镇,在那里好好休息。短语make it to,意为赶上,到达,符合句意,第一个空应填to;第二个空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a small town,关系词在从句中做地点状语,应用where,故填towhere10.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)Mexico City, ___________has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world. 【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:澳门人口超过一千万,它可能是世界上增速最快的城市。分析句子结构,两个逗号之间是一个由Mexico City做先行词的非限制性定语从句,因空白处在从句中做主语,需使用表示的含义的关系代词引导定语从句,又因关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故填which11.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)Light travels in straight lines___________explains why shadows are formed when it goes past an object. 【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:光线沿直线传播,这就解释了为什么当它经过一个物体时会形成阴影。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为Light travels in straight lines,且先行词在从句中作主语,只能用which引导从句。故填which12.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)Metals have many good properties___________has been stated before. 【答案】as【详解】考查定语从句。句意:金属有很多良好的属性,这一点在之前已经讲过。分析句子机构可知,空白处以及后面的句子是一个非限制性定语从句,根据句意可知这个定语从句的先行词指的是前面的一整句话。表示正如的意思,要使用as 引导定语从句,故填as 13.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)Liquid water changes to vapor, ___________is called evaporation. 【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:液态水变成蒸汽,称为蒸发。分析句子结构和意思可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导。故填which14.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)I bought many books yesterday, most of ________ are in English. 【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我昨天买了很多书,其中大部分是英文的。句中先行词为books,指物,在非限定性定语从句中作most of的宾语,所以用关系代词which引导。根据句意,故填which15.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)There was a net bar around here,_________I remember. 【答案】as【详解】考查as引导非限制性定语从句。句意:我记得这附近有个网吧。根据句意分析句子可知,空格后的部分应该是一个非限制性定语从句,对逗号前面句子的内容进行限定说明,但该定语从句缺少主语,所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词,代替前面句子的内容在从句中作动词remember的宾语,且根据空格后的I remember,该关系代词有正如之意,所以应该用关系代词as。故填as16.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in _________she distributed it to the children. 【答案】which【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:她把食物带到难民营,在那里把食物分发给孩子们。句子结构分析可知,“in ____ she distributed it to the children”介词(in+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句,设空处指代先行词“the refugee camp”,指物,在从句中作介词in的宾语,用关系代词which。故填which17.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)Then he met Mary, _________invited him to a party. (用适当的词填空)【答案】who【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:然后他遇到了玛丽,玛丽邀请他参加一个聚会。句子分析可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词Mary,指人,应用关系代词who引导该从句,故填who18.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)________is apparently shown in the chart above, there are about 10% students supporting the idea.(用适当的词填空)【答案】As【详解】考查定语从句。句意:如上图所示,大约有10%的学生支持这一观点。指代后面一句话,位于句首,作主语,用as引导定语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填As19.(2023·北京西城·高二统考期末)The building, ________ an important conference is being held, is in the center of the city. (用适当的词填空)【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:这座正在举行重要会议的大楼位于市中心。该空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是The building,关系词在从句中地点状语,用关系副词where。故填where20.(2023·北京西城·高二统考期末)The ground is covered with snow and ice, ________ makes driving very dangerous. (用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:地面被雪和冰覆盖,这使得驾驶非常危险。分析句子结构,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰空前的整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导从句。故填which21.(2023·北京朝阳·高二统考期末)China,_________Tracy had taught English for several years, impressed her the most. (用适当的词填空)【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句连词。句意:翠西曾在中国教过几年英语。这个国家给她留下了特别深的印象。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限定性定语从句,先行词为China,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where22.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)Elon Musk has founded high-tech and futuristic companies, almost half of ______ direct tomorrow’s world. (用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:埃隆·马斯克创立了高科技和未来公司,其中近一半的公司引领未来的世界。分析句子,设空处与空前的介词of构成介词+关系代词结构的定语从句,引导词指代先行词companies并在从句中作of的宾语。故用which23.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)“It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit, ________company provided the statistics for the report.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意:为该报告提供统计数据的公司的劳里·德梅里特说:“在科技进步之前,它感觉不那么孤独了。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Laurie Demerit,从句缺少定语,和company构成所属关系,应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose24.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)Rome can be pricey for travelers, ________ is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). (用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:罗马对旅行者来说可能很昂贵,这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅社。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整个句子,从句缺少作主语。所以关系代词为which。故填which25.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)A real friend is someone, ________walks in when the rest of the world walks out. (用适当的词填空)【答案】who【详解】考查定语从句。句意:真正的朋友是别人都走开的时候,他仍与你在一起的人。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为someone,指人,所以应用关系代词who。故填who26.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, ________ of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. (用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在威肯登的书中,她扩展了西方历史和女权主义,这当然影响了女孩们去埃尔克黑德的决定。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为“she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism”所叙述的内容,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which。故填which27.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45— 60 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature. (用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:4560天后,小海龟从卵中出来,然后在没有母亲的情况下长大,这在自然界中是罕见的现象。分析可知,空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词是前面整个主句的内容,因此用which引导定语从句,故填which28.(2023·全国·高二假期作业)The number of smokers, _________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. (用适当的词填空)【答案】as【详解】考查定语从句。句意:据报道,吸烟者的数量在短短一年内就下降了17%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句,引导词在从句中作主语,意为正如,应用关系代词as引导。故填as29.(2023·高二课时练习)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ___________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:《今日中国》吸引了全世界的读者,这表明全世界越来越多的人想了解中国。本句为非限制性定语从句,先行词是China Today attracts a worldwide readership;空处为非限制性定语从句的引导词,指物,在从句中作主语,故用which30.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)The population of the world is growing constantly,________means we need new resources to meet the needs of people. (用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查关系代词。句意:世界人口在不断增长,这意味着我们需要新的满足人们需求的资源。这是一个非限制性定语从句,用关系代词which引导,代替前边整个句子,在从句中作主语。故填which31.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)We have succeeded in finishing the difficult task, ________ makes us very delighted.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句关系词 。句意:我们成功地完成了这项艰巨的任务,这使我们非常高兴。该空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是主句内容指代的事情,在从句中作主语,用关系代词which。故填which32.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)The world famous director, three of ________ movies won Oscar awards, is reported to have had a new plan.【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句关系词 。句意:据报道,这位三部电影获得了奥斯卡奖的世界著名导演有一个新计划。该空是介词(of+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是The world famous director,作从句主语movies的定语,构成The world famous director’s movies,用关系代词whose (谁的)。故填whose33.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)The troops held a show the other day, ________ was wonderful.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:前几天部队举行了一场表演,非常精彩。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是show,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导。故填which34.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)They spent last summer holiday in Guangzhou, ________ they learnt a lot.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他们去年暑假在广州度过,在那里他们学到了很多东西。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Guangzhou,表示地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。故填where35.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)The singers are taking a break on the subway train, ________ they are giving a wonderful performance.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意:歌手们正在地铁上休息,在那里他们正在进行一场精彩的演出。根据所给句子分析可知,此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句,先行词为subway train,先行词在从句中充当地点状语,因此需要使用关系副词where,故填where36.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)There are many books on the shelf in his study, most ________ he really enjoys.【答案】of which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他书房的书架上有很多书,其中大部分他很喜欢。most of大多数,先行词为books,作of的宾语,应用关系代词which。故填 of which 37.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)We took a road map with us during our last trip, ________ we would have lost our way.【答案】without which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:上次旅行我们带了一张地图,没有它我们就会迷路。分析可知,空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词“map”是物,由“we would have lost our way”可知,句子表示上次旅行我们带了一张地图,没有它我们就会迷路,因此空格处用表示没有的介词“without”+关系代词which,故填without which38.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)The growing speed of plant is influenced by a number of factors, most ________ are beyond our control.【答案】of which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:植物的生长速度受许多因素的影响,大多数的因素是我们无法控制的。分析可知,逗号后的内容为非限制性定语从句。短语:most of“大多数的……”,先行词为factors,作介词of的宾语,应用关系代词which,故填of which39.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)She likes to use words, ________ the meanings are clear to her.【答案】of which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:她喜欢使用词语,这些词语的意思对她来说很清楚。分析句子可知,逗号之后的内容为非限制性定语从句,先行词为words,在定语从句中作定语,定语从句的完整形式为:whose meaning are clear to her,句中whose meaning 在结构上等同于the meaning of which/of which the meaning,此处选择了后者,故填of which40.(2023·全国·高二专题练习)He went with a group of people, few ________ were correctly prepared for such a climb.【答案】of whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他和一群人一起去的,其中很少有人对这样的攀登有正确的准备。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰people,表示“……中的,用介词of,作介词的宾语,指人,用关系代词whom,故填of whom 
     

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