专题06 阅读理解12篇（名校最新真题）-2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲（牛津译林版2020）

这是一份专题06 阅读理解12篇（名校最新真题）-2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲（牛津译林版2020），文件包含专题06阅读理解12篇名校最新真题-2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲牛津译林版2020解析版docx、专题06阅读理解12篇名校最新真题-2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲牛津译林版2020原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题06 阅读理解
▲技巧点拨
1.细节理解题
高一的阅读理解相对要简单一些。大部分是细节理解题。细节理解题的共同特点是答案一般都能在文章中找到，当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，命题人往往需要根据文章提供的信息重新组织语句供考生做出选择。如何解题？
关于简单细节判断：首先，题干定位关键词—扫描题干，根据关键词明确答题方向，如数字、时间、原因、事件、目的、方式、现象、特征等；然后，查找原文找对应，用略读与查读技巧定位与关键词相关的原文信息；最后，比较选项与原文的对应信息，直接锁定正确答案。
关于综合细节判断（需要对原文多处相关信息进行转换或整合）：首先，读题干，明确关键词和答题方向；然后，定位与题干关键词相关的近义词、反义词或解释性信息；最后，利用正确选项特点（近义词替换原文信息、变换原文语态、词性或词形、简化或概括原文、正话反说等），确定答案。
2.词义猜测题
对于推测划线单词或短语的含义，可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题；
对于推测代词含义，可以从宏观上充分把握代词指代内容涉及段落的整体含义，并从微观入手抓住关键词或关键句，弄清逻辑关系（因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等）来解题；
关于推测划线句含义，采用三步法—一定位，返回原文，定位划线句子，理清句子结构；二分析，分析划线句子前后语境，根据关键信息和逻辑关系（因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等）合理推断句意；三比较，比较选项，找出与推断出的句义相似的选项。
3. 推理判断题
推断隐含意义，题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude等标志性词语，根据题干内容，在文中找到定位词或句，理解信息句的字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的推断。
推断作者的观点和态度，要注意作者或文中人物的措辞及表达情感、态度或观点的词语、句子，明确是问谁对什么事的态度，明确是作者或文中人物的观点而非主观臆断。
推断写作意图，要通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。
推断文章出处或读者对象，需要根据文章体裁、题材、内容、措辞判断，这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处。
4.主旨大意题
标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。文章标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能涵盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
主旨大意题，要搞清楚是问某一段还是全文的大意，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

▲模拟演练
一
（2023秋·江苏淮安·高一统考期末）The king seemed to know what the duke was planning. So they went upstairs and set the bag of money on the table. The king counted it out in front of everyone. Then he pointed to the girls and said, “These poor little lambs. They’ve suffered so much. I know what my brother would want me to do.”
He turned to the duke and made those hand signs. The duke watched for a minute, then his eyes brightened up like he’d finally caught on. He gave the king a big smile.
The king said, “Here, MaryJane, Susan, and Joanna. Take the money. Take it all.”
The three girls started hugging him again. But the town doctor who’d stood watching the whole time, stuck his finger in the king’s face.
“You can’t fool me!” he hollered. “You are just a fraud!”
My heart thumped like a rabbit and I thought we were caught for sure!
The king stood there, looking gap-jawed at the doctor. The doctor kept on yelling. “You claim you’re an Englishman, but that’s the worst English accent I’ve ever heard! You are nothing but a swindler.” The crowd gathered around the doctor, trying to quiet him down.
“No,” one man argued. “It’s really Harvey Wilks.”
“Yeah,” another agreed. “He knew everybody’s name. He even knew all our dogs’ names.”
“I’m telling you,” the doctor warned. “Anyone who can’t imitate an accent better than that is a fraud.”
The Willks girls hung their heads and cried. That’s when the doctor turned to them and said “I was your father’s friend. I only want to protect you and keep you out of trouble. He’s an imposter who’s come here with a lot of names and facts that he picked up somewhere else. Won’t you please turn this rascal out?”
MaryJane straightened up, looking proud. “Here is my answer to that.” She picked up the bag of money and put it right in the king’s hands. “Here,” she said. “Take the whole $6,000 and invest it for me and my sisters.”
Then she put her arm around the king on one side, and the other girls did the same on the other. Everyone clapped and stomped while the king held his head high.
The doctor pointed his finger at them. “Fine. But remember, I warned you.”
After supper I started wondering what I ought to do. Should I go to that doctor and tell him the truth? I couldn’t do that. The king and the duke might find out it was me, and they’d have my hide for sure. I knew MaryJane wouldn’t believe me.
1．What did the duke learn from those hand signs made by the king?
A．The king wanted the duke to count the money out.
B．The king was happy to share money with the three girls.
C．The king would pretend to give the money back to the girls.
D．The king asked the duke to hide the money and shared it together.
2．How did Huckleberry feel when the doctor doubted the king?
A．He felt quite nervous. B．He felt his jaw painful.
C．He felt calm and relaxed. D．He felt amazed and happy.
3．What does the underlined word “imitate” in paragraph 10 mean?
A．Develop. B．Copy. C．Hide. D．Prefer.
4．What can we infer from the text?
A．Mary Jane deeply trusted the doctor because they were friends.
B．The doctor envied the king who would take the money away.
C．The duke made three girls firmly think of him as their uncle.
D．Huckleberry was anxious to tell MaryJane the truth but he didn’t.

二
（2023秋·广东惠州·高一统考期末）Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov 17, the virtual idol, who performed on the social media platform on Oct 31, had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers.
Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume.
When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boy’s eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes. The internet users marveled(使...惊叹) at its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Liu’s instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32,400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities(名人) won’t have scandals(丑闻).
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial(商业的) value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by online concerts, livestreaming and related products. For example, Luo Tianyi, a well-known virtual singer, cooperated with livestreamer Li Jiaqi to promote goods in 2020.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These socalled virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual.” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of selflearning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
5．What do we know about Liu Yexi?
A．She becomes an online celebrity. B．She creates a virtual fantasy world.
C．Her song becomes famous overnight. D．Her costume wins her great popularity.
6．What does the underlined word “booming” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Beginning. B．Arriving. C．Growing. D．Falling.
7．What makes virtual figures attractive according to Shine News?
A．Their various styles. B．Their friendly character.
C．Their commercial value. D．Their wonderful performance.
8．What’s Ding Daoshi’s attitude towards virtual idols?
A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Favorable. D．Indifferent.

三
（2023秋·陕西西安·高一统考期末）Li Ting, 15, from Shanghai, was preparing a talk on some western festivals. She searched online for certain information and made PowerPoint presentations. Wu Qiong, her classmate, was doing his chemistry homework carefully. But he couldn’t work out the last problem even he tried his best. So he took out his mobile phone, opened a special app, and searched the problem. Solutions soon appeared on the screen in several seconds.
Nowadays, many students do homework online with the help of the Internet. They search online, use apps or discuss through QQ and WeChat.
“It’s convenient. You don’t have to wait for your teacher to explain it to you face to face,” according to Wu. “You can also learn by seeing how others work them out. What’s more, it improves students’ abilities. And it’s especially true for new kinds of homework. I am quite skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office.”
However, this trend (趋势) also causes problems. Some lazy students just copy the answers online without thinking. Even some ask their classmates to do homework for them. And their teacher may not know the fact.
Anyhow, knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. When you come across a difficult problem, think about it by yourself first. Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers after you have turned to the Internet, or you won’t make progress. It he are not sure about your self-control, ask your parents for help.
9．Both Li Ting and Wu Qiong used the Internet to ___________.
A．play games B．make friends C．take exams D．search information
10．According to Wu, he thinks ___________.
A．the new learning way is difficult
B．students should use the new learning way
C．students should study with the teacher face to face
D．students can copy others’ homework online
11．When a student uses the Internet, he must ___________.
A．have an app B．have a mobile phone
C．ask his parents for help D．have good self-control
12．What’s the main idea about the passage?
A．How to learn a language
B．How to do homework
C．What’s the new way of learning
D．What’s a new computer app

四
（2023秋·辽宁·高一校联考期末）From a young age, Barbara Binns’s passions were reading and doing research. With her latest book, Unlawful Orders, a biography, she captures American history.
Unlawful Orders tells the story of James Williams (1919-2016), a doctor who served with the Tuskegee Airmen, the first Black military pilots, during World War II. While at the Freeman Airfield base in Iowa, he stood up to racial unfair practices through peaceful protest, which pushed the government to make some changes in the US army.
Binns lives in Chicago, Illinois, where she grew up and where most of her stories took place. In 2008, she wrote several books for young readers. She found her current book’s subject while researching James’s mother, Clara Williams, for another project. James had also lived in Chicago, in a neighborhood not far from where Binns grew up, but she hadn’t heard about him. “I found myself wondering if I ever walked past him on the street and didn’t realize I was in the presence of greatness,” Binns told The Week Junior. She said she would have loved to have him as a role model during her childhood.
That’s one reason why she wrote Unlawful Orders, she said — for children who need a hero, someone who looks ordinary but did extraordinary things through quiet but persistent actions.
13．What can be known about James Williams?
A．He once served as an American pilot.
B．He fought for equal rights for the black people.
C．He lived in the same neighborhood with Binns.
D．He got the support from American government.
14．Which of the following words can best replace the underlined words in Paragraph 2?
A．Put aside. B．Settled for.
C．Objected to. D．Referred to.
15．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．How Binns chose the subject for Unlawful Orders.
B．How Binos got to know James Williams.
C．Why Binns gave up researching Clara Williams.
D．Why Binns chose Chicago to be the setting for her books.
16．Why did Binns write Unlawful Orders?
A．To motivate herself to become a hero. B．To be in memory of James Williams.
C．To inspire the children. D．To record American history.

五
（2023秋·四川绵阳·高一统考期末）Today’s grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media, but the different generations’ online habits couldn’t be more different. In the UK the over-55 s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers, meaning that they will soon be the site’s second biggest user group, with 3.5 million users aged 55-64 and 2.9 million over-65s.
Sheila, aged 59, says, “I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. It’s a much better way to see what they’re doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post. That’s how we did it when I was a child, but I think I’m lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.”
Interestingly, Sheila’s grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves. Children under 17 in the UK are leaving the site - only 2.2 million users are under 17 -but they’re not going far from their smartphones. Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone. “It’s my alarm clock so I have to,’ she says. “I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.”
Unlike her grandmother’s generation, Chloe’s age group is spending so much time on their phones at home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life. Sheila, on the other hand, has made contact with old friends from school she hasn’t heard from in forty years. ”We use Facebook to arrange to meet all over the country,” she says. “It’s changed my social life completely.”
Parents have an important role to play if they want their kids to spend more time in real life. Peter, 38, who spends most of his time in front of a screen, is recently determined to set a better example to his kids. In the evening or at weekends, he would leave his smartphone home and take his kids out to nature.
17．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Older people have difficulty using social media.
B．Children spend more time with their grandparents.
C．More and more elderlies begin to use social media.
D．Social media have become more friendly to the elderly.
18．How does Sheila feel about social media?
A．Worried. B．Satisfied. C．Excited. D．Disappointed.
19．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．People tend to have less social life as they get older.
B．Young people are getting away from their smartphone.
C．More young people choose to meet their friends in person.
D．Social media actually help old people to meet their friends.
20．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Different Online Habits Across Generations B．The Good Old Days Without Smartphones
C．The Next Generation of Social Media D．The Use of Smartphones at School

六
（2023秋·广东广州·高二广州市从化区从化中学校考期末）On Monday, August 21, millions of Americans across the country wore their protective eyeglasses to watch the highly expected total solar eclipse (日食). Though the eclipses, which occur about every 18 months, are not rare, this one was historic. It was not only the first total solar eclipse visible from the mainland US in more than 38 years, but also the first to be seen coast to coast in almost a century.
The crowds were thrilled as the moon briefly blocked the sun, covering cities all the way from Oregon to South Carolina (SC) with darkness. A cold ran down many spines (脊柱) as the temperatures dropped dramatically, by up to 12 degrees Fahrenheit, during totality (全食). Those fortunate enough to have clear skies not only saw the corona, the sun’s outer atmosphere, which is usually not visible in the sun’s glare, but also the bright stars and planets.
Unfortunately, the weather was not cooperative everywhere. The crowds who gathered in Charleston, SC, the last big city in the path of totality, had to struggle against a thick cloud cover when the partial eclipse began at 1:17 pm. It did thin out a little as totality took place at 2:46 pm, allowing for a good view of the eclipse, but not the sun’s corona! However, some splendid flashes of lightning that occurred just as the moon covered the sun helped ease the disappointment somewhat.
All in all, the rare event, believed to be the most observed and most photographed eclipse in history, was a huge success. As Bill Nye, aka “the Science Guy” briefly put it, “Experiencing an eclipse changes the way we feel about space and how we are connected. This moment will remind us all that we share a common origin among the stars and that we are all citizens of the same planet.”
21．What do we know about the eclipse on August 21?
A．It was first viewed by the citizens in Carolina.
B．It caused a temperature decrease in some cities.
C．It was the first total solar eclipse visible in the US.
D．It cheered astronomy lovers from all over the world.
22．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．Where people could enjoy a good eclipse
B．When the total solar eclipse happened in Charleston
C．What people saw in Charleston during the eclipse
D．Why the weather was bad in Charleston
23．How does Bill comment this rare event?
A．Astonishing. B．Disappointing. C．Troublesome. D．Meaningful.
24．What is the best title for the text?
A．US People Celebrate the Rare Solar Eclipse
B．Imperfect Weather Disappoints Eclipse Lovers
C．Astronomy Experts Analyze Total Solar Eclipse
D．Historic Total Solar Eclipse Attracts People in US

七
（2023秋·吉林长春·高二长春市第二实验中学校考期末）For years, people have wondered whether there’s life on other planets. Scientists may now be closer than ever to answering that question.
Using powerful telescopes, a team of astronomers in South America discovered a new planet, called Proxima b. It circles a star named Proxima Centauri, in the same way Earth circles the sun. Proxima Centauri is the closest star to our solar system.
Scientists believe the new planet has a rocky surface and is similar in size to Earth. More importantly, they’ve determined that the distance between Proxima b and its “sun” gives the planet a similar temperature to Earth’s. This means it could have liquid water. The presence of water on a planet makes it possible for life to exist there. Scientists refer to planets like Proxima b as “Goldilocks planets” because they are not too hot or too cold, but just right to possibly support life.
Astronomers have found other Goldilocks planets in the past, but none are as close to Earth as Proxima b. Still, the new planet is 4.2 light years from Earth—that is about 25 trillion miles away.
Despite the long distance, astronomers hope to get a much better look at our new-found neighbor one day. But they’ll need to wait until more advanced telescopes are developed. They may also send a robotic spacecraft to investigate the planet.
25．Earth is to the sun what ______.
A．the solar system is to Proxima b
B．Proxima Centauri is to Proxima b
C．Proxima b is to the solar system
D．Proxima b is to Proxima Centauri
26．How does the writer introduces the new planet mainly?
A．Listing figures B．Following the space order
C．Making the comparisons D．Giving examples
27．Why are Planets like Proxima b referred to as “Goldilocks planets”?
A．the presence of water B．their temperature
C．the life on them D．their size
28．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Astronomers have a long way to go to explore the new planet
B．Exploring the new planet is just around the corner
C．The long distance will prevent astronomers from exploring the new planet
D．Astronomers have got the whole picture of the new planet

八
（2023秋·河南新乡·高一新乡市第一中学校联考期末）Not too long ago, 41-year-old Garrett Fisher flew in a small airplane close to the surface of Europe’s largest glacier(冰川), which is in Norway. In that environment, the plane carrying a man who photographed glaciers seemed almost like a toy.
Fisher often combines two activities he loves, flying and photography, trying to photo- graph every glacier on Earth. He wants his photos to show the beauty of glaciers before some of them disappear. Scientists say many glaciers are melting or getting smaller because the Earth's average temperature is increasing. By 2100, the size of European glaciers can decrease by between 22 percent and 84 percent. Nearly all small glaciers in Norway will likely disappear. For Fisher, this means that time is running out. The melting pushes him to try to photograph them before it is too late.
As a child, Fisher lived next door to a small airport in the state of New York. His grand- father was a pilot and took Fisher on plane rides when he was a young child. His grandfather would tell him, “Whatever you set your mind to, you can do. ”
In the late 1990s, a friend told Fisher that the world’s glaciers were disappearing. This pushed him to combine his love of flying and photography to photograph the Earth's remaining glaciers. He believed he was in a race against time and that his photographs could be of great value to future generations. So, he launched Global Glacier Initiative, a non-profit group to support and show his work, and he planned to open his photos to the public for research.
Some people will ask him why he always risks flying over glaciers when satellites have already given pictures of them. Fisher says, “Satellite images can't really show the loveliness of glaciers the way my photos can. My photos show the colors and shapes as the light from the sun hits them. Science has all of the data we need. The problem is that it’s not beautiful. ”
29．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Fisher’s social activities.
B．Fisher’s trips to European countries.
C．The reason for Fisher’s shooting glaciers.
D．The cause of the rise in Earth temperature.
30．What is related to Fisher’s flying hobby?
A．His grandparents' dream.
B．His childhood experiences.
C．His curiosity for taking photos in the air,
D．His interest in seeing glaciers from the air,
31．Which word best describes Fisher’s photographs?
A．Romantic. B．Unattractive. C．Confusing. D．Valuable.
32．What does Fisher say about his photographs in the last paragraph?
A．They lack light processing.
B．They lack the colors and shapes.
C．They show the beauty of glaciers.
D．They hardly show the loveliness of glaciers.

九
（2023秋·福建厦门·高一统考期末）Roadkill, the killing of an animal by a car hitting it on the road, is a serious problem in the United States. In the U.S. alone, there are more than a million car accidents per year involving wildlife. For many species, it is the leading cause of death. In addition, major roads can separate animal populations and destroy their habitats. Animals lose access (通道) to large areas of their habitats, which makes it much harder for many animals to find food and a mate.
As people have become more aware of the danger to humans and animals, animal crossings are becoming more common. The crossings can come in many forms. The type depends on the species that need to cross and the geographic features of the land. The most common forms are bridges, overpasses and tunnels. Planners are increasingly including them when they design highways and road improvements. The crossings greatly reduce the number of crashes, provide a safe corridor for animals and reconnect animal habitats.
Wildlife bridges are usually covered in native plants. In the United Kingdom, people often call them “green bridges.” The idea is to make the crossing look like a natural part of the landscape, so animals will cross there.
The idea was first developed in France in the 1950s. It took off in the Netherlands, where more than 600 crossings have been built. The Dutch built the world's longest animal crossing. the Natuurbrug Zanderij Crailoo, which is more than a half mile.
33．What can we learn from paragraph 1?
A．Major roads give way to animal habitats.
B．Animal habitats can be destroyed by roadkill.
C．Many animals lose their lives due to roadkill.
D．Major roads provide animals with access to food.
34．What do planners consider when deciding the crossing forms?
A．Human activities and animal habitats.
B．Corridor safety and habitat connection.
C．Highway designs and road improvements.
D．The wildlife species and land characteristics.
35．What does the underlined phrase “took off” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Went wasted. B．Became successful.
C．Appeared suddenly. D．Changed immediately.
36．What is the text mainly about?
A．Green bridges. B．Roadkill problems.
C．Wildlife crossings. D．Road improvements.

十
（2023秋·湖南益阳·高一统考期末）Have you ever wondered what animals are talking about? With the development of AI, we may be able to understand their languages!
In Professor Karen Bakker’s new book, The Sounds of Life: How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants, she talks about how AI is helping us to make an animal version of Google Translate.
All around the animal kingdom, there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants for example talk with each other using infrasound (次声波) — far below our human hearing range. Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves to attract baby coral to safer areas to grow. This is surprising as coral doesn’t have any ears! Scientists have placed listening equipment into these environments to pick up the sounds humans cannot hear.
After the sounds are recorded, AI can study their meaning, according to the news website Vox. For example, Israeli researchers used AI to translate bats’ 15,000 calls. They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things: food, sleep positions, invasion of personal space, and unwanted advances.
This technology can not only understand the animals but communicate back to them. For example, bees use dances to communicate. A research team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI system into a robot bee. They asked the robot to create a dance routine to tell the bees where the flowers were, Vox reported.
37．What can AI do for people in Karen Bakker’s opinion?
A．AI helps people do translations better.
B．AI helps animals receive human’s sound.
C．AI helps people better understand animals.
D．AI can help people develop Google Translate.
38．What do we know about the sounds made by animals?
A．Some of the sounds cannot be heard by humans.
B．Corals have ears that can hear all animal sounds.
C．They can help animals get used to their environments.
D．All communications among elephants are infrasound.
39．How did scientists tell bees where the flowers were?
A．By training other bees to lead them there.
B．By creating a certain sound with the AI system.
C．By asking a robot bee to teach them a new language.
D．By making a robot bee tell the bees about the route by dancing.
40．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Talking to animals with AI
B．Recording sounds with AI
C．Receiving infrasound with AI
D．Making an animal version of Google Translate、

十一
（2023秋·辽宁·高一校联考期末）Birds that migrate long distances tend to be more likely than others to break up with their partners, according to an analysis of 232 species conducted by Sun Yat-sen University.
About 90 per cent of bird species are socially monogamous (一夫一妻制的), which means once they form pairs, they will stay together for life. However, some do end up getting “divorced” and move onto new partners.
To identify reasons that lead to bird break ups, Liu Yang at Sun Yat-sen University in China and his colleagues studied 232 species in one of the world’s largest bird databases, Birds of the World. They found that species that migrate particularly long distances to obtain food typically have higher rates of breaking up.
Great blue herons, for example, migrate more than 3000 kilometres and have a divorce rate of 100 per cent. This may be because travelling further makes it harder for a pair to return home at the same time, says Liu Yang. “If you’re the one who gets back first, it’s risky waiting for your partner because you don’t know if it’ll show up — it may have died or been blown off course,” Liu adds. Finding a new partner may seem a safer bet even if it requires energy to please a new mate, he says.
Liu and his team members acknowledge that it makes sense for birds with long migrations to have higher divorce rates, but there are exceptions.
Black-tailed godwits, for example, migrate more than 1000 kilometres from Iceland to the UK or southwest Europe each year but have relatively low divorce rates. This seems to be due to a super ability to keep pace with their partners. Although members of a pair will follow separate migration paths and typically end up more than 900 kilometres away from each other, they are somehow able to return to Iceland at almost the same time, which reduces the risk of break-ups. “But most birds are not able to do that — it’s pretty amazing.” Liu concludes.
41．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A．Most bird species have more than one partner for life.
B．Few bird species are devoted to their partners.
C．Most bird species have higher rates of breaking up.
D．Most bird species tend to have only one partner.
42．Why do great blue herons have a divorce rate of 100 per cent?
A．Because the bird pairs choose different migration routes.
B．Because they get tired of their partners.
C．Because they are impatient with waiting.
D．Because it is safer for them to move onto a new partner.
43．What can we learn about black-tailed godwits in the last paragraph?
A．They have a higher divorce rate than great blue herons.
B．The nearly same returning time reduces the risk of their divorce.
C．It is typical of them to migrate at the same speed with their partners.
D．They set a good example of romance for other birds.
44．Which of the following is the best title for the text? .
A．Migration Linked to Bird Divorce B．Reasons for Bird Migration
C．Bird Migration with Long Distances D．Birds — with High Rates of Divorce.

十二
（2023秋·吉林延边·高一统考期末）“Welcome to our new ‘classroom’!” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission.
They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct 12. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module(实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module(核心舱).
What does the new “classroom” look like? Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally(横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity(重力)in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling(天花板)or upside down!
The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress(拟南芥)and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample. “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.
“We hope in the near future, we can harvest the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can grow food on the moon or even on Mars!”
45．Where were the astronauts giving a science class?
A．In a lab on Earth. B．In the Wentian lab module.
C．In the Tianhe core module. D．In Shengzhou XIV.
46．What are the bed in the new “classroom” like?
A．They are placed horizontally. B．They are on the ceiling.
C．They are kept straight. D．They are turned upside down.
47．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．A piece of thale cress. B．A picture.
C．A pack of rice. D．A piece of lettuce.
48．Which word best describes Chen Dong’s attitude to the future of space farming?
A．Doubtful. B．Unconcerned.
C．Hopeful. D．Negative.