Unit 3 Environmental Protection【过基础】（教师版+学生版）

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Unit 3 Environmental Protection【过基础】

词汇拓展
1．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→ n．饥饿；饿死
2．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→ adj.可持续的；合理利用的
3．frequently adv.频繁地；经常→ adj.频繁的→ n．频繁；发生率
4．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→ n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→ adj.限制性的；约束性的
5．harmonious adj.和谐的→ n．和谐
6．submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→ n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服
7．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→ adj.明智的；合理的→ n．意思；感官vt.感觉到；察觉到
8．conservation n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持→ adj.保守的；守旧的→ v．保护；保存；节省；节约
9．inspection n．检查；查看；视察→ vt.检查；视察；检阅→ n．检察员；督察员
10．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→ adj.宽容的；容忍的→ n．容忍

重点词组
1． 二氧化碳
2． 化石燃料(如煤或石油)
3． 代表(代替)某人
4． 许多；很多

重点句型
1． that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.毫无疑问，地球正在不断变暖。
2．Without this process，Earth could not .如果没有这个过程，地球就不能维持生命。
3．It is our to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is all of us on this planet.
抓住每个机会来教育大家关于全球变暖的知识以及它的原因和影响是我们的责任，因为这是影响地球上所有人的最严重的问题。
4． ，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an ，many of whom threw garbage into the river.
以往，漓江的水质因为游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，许多游客频繁地将垃圾扔入水中。
5．With these ，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will generations to come.
有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。

知识精讲

知识要点1　starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死
[教材P26]An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.一位多年研究北极熊的专家说，从北极熊尸体所处位置来看，它看起来是死于饥饿。
[例1]　The new job doesn't pay as much but we won't starve!
新工作的工资不多，不过我们不至于挨饿！
[例2]　A number of the prisoners we saw are starving.
我们看到一些囚犯快要饿死了。
[知识拓展]
(1)starve to death
starve for
(2)starved adj.
be starved to death
be starved of/for
(3)starvation n.
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The frontier station was starved food and water.
②Whole communities starved death during the long drought.
③She went on a (starve) diet and ended up in hospital.
④Our factories first­class technical men now.现在我们的工厂缺少一流的技术人员。
知识要点2　refer to查阅，参考；涉及，关于；提到，谈起，指的是；提交
[教材P26－27]The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short­wave radiation.
“自然”温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层，以短波辐射的形式为地表增温。
[例1]　I promised not to refer to the matter again.我答应过不再提这事了。
[例2]　Please refer to the right­hand column of page 200 of this dictionary.请参看这本词典第二百页右面一栏。
[知识拓展]
refer...to...
refer to...as...
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Tom is going to refer the matter the meeting.
②Qiao Feng is referred to a big hero.
③Some people instead of lack of ability.
有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。
知识要点3　be trapped in 被困在……中
[教材P27]When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。
[例1]　She was trapped in the burning house.她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。
[例2]　He was trapped in an unhappy marriage.他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。
[知识拓展]
trap sb.into (doing) sth.
fall into the trap of doing sth.
fall into a trap
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was trapped into (tell) the police all I knew.
②A lot of us fall into the trap of (find) happiness from the outside world.
③If the bus ，there was virtually no way to evacuate those four kids.
如果公共汽车被困在暴风雪中，那么几乎没有办法使这四个孩子撤离。
知识要点4　result in 导致；造成
[教材P27]Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long­lasting changes to the global climate.不断排放的温室气体将导致全球气候进一步变暖，造成持久性全球气候变化。
[例1]　Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms.食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。
[例2]　These policies resulted in many elderly people feeling happy.这些政策使得许多老人感到幸福。
[知识拓展]
result from
as a result
as a result of
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Children's fear and dislike of books may result being made to read aloud before others.
②As a result his illness，he was late for class.
③When you do something with faith， ．当你有信心的去做某事时，就会成功。
知识要点5　restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚
[教材P27]We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们的生活方式所产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
[例1]　Having small children tends to restrict your freedom.有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。
[例2]　The long skirt restricted her movements.长裙妨碍了她的行动。
[知识拓展]
(1)restrict...to...
be restricted to
restrict sb./oneself to doing sth.
(2)restriction n.
without restriction
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I restrict (me) to one cup of coffee a day.
②We restrict the number of students per class 40.
③The park is open to the public without (restrict)．
④The speed an hour here.在此地车速被限制为每小时三十公里。
知识要点6　seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制
[教材P27]It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming...
我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育大家认识全球变暖……
[例1]　She tried to seize the gun from him.她试图抢夺他的枪。
[例2]　The army has seized control of the country.军队已经控制全国。
[知识拓展]
seize the chance/opportunity
seize...by surprise
seize sb.by the arm
seize on/upon
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The troop seized the city surprise before the enemies realised it.
②The little boy seized me by arm to beg for some money.
③We seize his remark and regard it as a promise.
④Bob an excuse for missing school.鲍勃以下雨为借口不去上学。
知识要点7　submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服；顺从；认为
[教材P28]According to the report submitted by researchers，between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%至25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的破坏造成的。
[例1]　Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.完成的方案必须在3月10日前提交上来。
[例2]　But I cannot submit，I can become my own master.但我并不会屈服的，我会成为自己的主人的。
[知识拓展]
(1)submit sth.to sb.
submit (oneself) to sb./sth.
submit that
(2)submissive adj.
submission n. 屈服；呈送；提交
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He submitted the report on the matter the committee.
②We'll submit (us) to the court's judgement.
③I submit the terms are entirely unreasonable.
④The students must at school.学生在学校必须遵守纪律。
Sentence Patterns
重点句式1　There is little doubt that...
[教材P26]There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖和。
[句式分析]　There is little/no doubt that...毫无疑问……；doubt后面用that引导同位语从句；当doubt用于否定句和疑问句时，后面的从句用that引导；用于肯定句时，后面的从句用whether引导。
[例1]　There is no doubt that it was a strange and interesting situation.
毫无疑问，那是一个奇怪而有趣的局面。
[例2]　There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.毫无疑问，我们做得对。
[知识拓展]
(1)I have no doubt that...
I have some doubt whether...
(2)I doubt whether/if­clause
I don't doubt that­clause
Do you doubt that­clause?
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I don't doubt he will succeed.
②I doubt we will make a profit out of it.
③There is no doubt in your mind he is innocent，is there?
④There is some doubt ．他是否会来帮助我们还有些疑虑。
重点句式2　not only...but also...
[教材P27]There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.
有强有力且详尽的证据表明，气温上升导致世界范围内的极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡。
[句式分析]　句中的not only...but also...表示“不但……，而且……”，连接并列的句子结构。
[例1]　Air not only occupies space，but it also has weight.空气不仅占据空间，而且它还具有重量。
[例2]　Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.莎士比亚不仅是一个作家，还是一个演员。
[知识拓展]
(1)not only与but also后面所连接的词的词性必须对等。
(2)not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用。not only与but also后面所连接的词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”，谓语动词的数应与but also后的名词的数保持一致。
(3)not only放在句首，后面的句子要用部分倒装。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not only the students but also the teacher (be) invited.
②Not only you funny，but also you are witty (机智的)．
③Not only you but also she (have) to attend the ceremony.
④The old workers instruct the young workers ．老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共12分)
1．With the development of science and technology，there is a growing towards earlier retirement in that country.
2．As is expected，the boy will try his best to the golden chance to go abroad to broaden his horizons.
3．The appealing concert was live and attracted the largest audience in the history.
4．The government is launching an advertising in order to tell people about the dangers of drugs.
5．It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global (生态)．
6．It’s high time that you (提交) your application，otherwise you will be banned from participating in the activity.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共12分)
7．As is known to us all，a society means that human beings can live in with each other.(harmony)
8．I that he was very to what others said and he couldn’t make
choices.(sense)
9．I couldn’t your behavior any longer.That is，I couldn’t be of how you behaved.(tolerate)
10．We should take an active part in sports and outdoor activities (frequent)．
11．With time going by，more and more countries have realized that a (sustain) development is vital for human beings.
12．To our shock，many children in underdeveloped regions die of (starve)．
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分)
13．几乎没有疑问，你的热情和善良可以消除你和他人之间的分歧。
your passion and kindness can bridge the gap between you and others.
14．没有强烈的团队精神，我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。
Without a strong teamwork spirit，we our tasks very efficiently.
15．开始新学期总是令人兴奋的。这是一个再次见到你朋友的机会。
Starting a new school term is always exciting. .
16．我已经和我们学校里的交换生交了朋友，他们中的许多人经常和我坦诚地交谈。
I have made friends with the exchange students in our school， .
17．人们相信原谅是一种美德，可以让我们过上快乐的生活。
to forgive is a virtue，which can make us live a happy life.
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.In 2013，many people 1. (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved to death.Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels
2. (cause) by climate change meant that the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances 3. (find) food.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，
4. has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.The “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become 5. big problem.There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6. the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide.Actually，news reports are 7. (frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves 8. (cause) deaths and economic losses.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world.We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9. (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility 10. (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：直接引语和间接引语)

With moderate greenhouse gases，such as methane and carbon dioxide 1. into the atmosphere，Earth can sustain life.But comprehensive evidence shows that more heat energy than necessary exists because of burning an increasing volume of fossil fuels.Hence，the warming trend has affected Earth’s ecology and harmonious development.News reports are frequently 2. about polar bears，seals and penguins that are 3. to death because of the melting ice.Tropical jungles are destroyed，making them less habitable for animals.What human beings can’t 4. is that garbage is thrown everywhere，such as waterways and basins.Faced with the severe situations，worldwide governments have reformed policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and restore the sensitive ecology.Dozens of enterprises have 5. and implemented their conservation regulations，saying，“We will immediately carry out the disposal of the waste we produce.” Individuals can also seize every chance to reduce the carbon footprint by the amount of CO2 in the daily life.Although Earth has 6. some ecological chaos，people from all over the world confidently say that those measures can create a sustainable world.
题组C 培优拔尖练
A
The Booking Notes of the Play “The Age of Innocence”
Price：$10
DISCOUNTS：
Saver：$2 off any seat booked any time in advance for performances from Monday to Thursday.Savers are available for children under 16，over 60s and full-time students.
Supersaver：Half-price seats are available for people with disabilities and one companion.It is advisable to book in advance.There is a maximum of eight wheelchair spaces available and one wheelchair space will be held until an hour before the show.
Standby：Best available seats are on sale for $6 from one hour before the performance for people eligible (suitable) for Saver and Supersaver discounts and thirty minutes before for all other customers.
Group Bookings：There is a ten percent discount for parties of twelve or more.
School：School parties of ten or more can book $6 standby tickets in advance and will get every tenth ticket free.
Please note：We are unable to exchange tickets or refund(退款) money unless a performance is cancelled due to unforeseen circumstances.
BOOKING：
There are four easy ways to book seats for performance：
—In person：The Box Office is open Monday to Saturday,10 a．m.－8 p．m.
—By telephone：Ring 01324976 to reserve your tickets or to pay by credit card (Visa，MasterCard and Amex accepted)．
—By post：Simply complete the booking form and return it to Global Theatre Box Office.
—On line：Complete the on-line booking form at www.Satan fiedtheatre.com.
1．According to the notes，who can get$2 off?
A．A 55-year-old woman.
B．An 18-year-old teenager.
C．A 20-year-old full-time college student.
D．The people who book the tickets on Fridays.
2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．There are only 8 wheelchair spaces in the theatre.
B．A group of 12 persons can get 10 percent discount.
C．The audience can’t get refund money if the performance is on show.
D．A school party of 15 students should pay $90 for the standby tickets.
3．What kind of tickets are the cheapest?
A．The standby tickets for school parties of ten or more.
B．The tickets for saver discount.
C．The tickets for group booking.
D．The standby tickets.
B
The nine women of Bella Mondo win over yet another audience.The group is one of just a handful of all-women ensembles(乐队) in Ivory Coast.
It all started in 2007.Prisca Allou was a music student.A music producer came to see her.He said he wanted to make an all-female ensemble to keep a promise to his late mother.
Allou got on board and was charged with recruiting (招募) other members.“It wasn’t easy at first.Some parents were against it.You know，in Africa，the place of women is often seen as being either in an office or at home.That was the fixed image.” Allou spread the word and took out ads in local papers.Most of the girls she found were not professional players.“I just played some tamtam.I learned to play drums when I joined Bella Mondo，” one member said.The girls spent the next four years learning to play their instruments.Many gave up along the way，but eight of them soldiered on with Allou，and Bella Mondo was founded.
The band plays original songs and covers.Their music spans a wide range of styles：funk，reggae，pop music.They released their first album in 2013...and have performed in Paris，Dakar，Cotonou and，of course，here at home in Abidjan.
You can see them nearly every Thursday at this bar，the same place that gave the band its start years ago.“Oh yes，I was surprised at first.A woman singing，you see that every day，but an entire band，playing all the instruments and everything? It was extraordinary.I was dumbstruck.Bella Mondo is a great band，” one music fan said.The women are now working on their second album.
4．Why did the music producer want to form a female ensemble?
A．To sponsor music students.
B．To comfort his mother.
C．To carry out his promise.
D．To win over an audience.
5．Which of the following made it hard for Allou to recruit band members?
A．The band charged too much.
B．A number of parents didn’t support it.
C．Most women prefer to work in a government office.
D．African women are not allowed to leave their homes.
6．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．What Allou experienced.
B．How Bella Mondo was founded.
C．Why most girls gave up halfway.
D．How the girls learned to play instruments.
7．What does the underlined word “dumbstruck” probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．Astonished. B．Amused.
C．Determined. D．Satisfied.
C
Some cities and lawmakers are resisting crime-fighting tech owing to bias(偏见) and accuracy concerns.Police departments around the U．S.are asking citizens to trust them to use facial recognition software as a handy tool in their crime-fighting toolbox.But some lawmakers—and even some technology giants—are against it.
Take the western Massachusetts city of Springfield，where many residents are Latino or black.Springfield police say they have no plans to use facial recognition systems，but some City Council members are moving to block any future government use of the technology anyway.
At an October hearing on the subject，Springfield City Councilman，Orlando Ramos，defended the technology.“The facial recognition technology does not drop a net from the sky and put you to prison，” he said，noting that it could serve as a useful investigative tool.However，he doesn’t want to take any risks.“It would only lead to more racial discrimination，” he said，citing studies that found higher error rates for facial recognition software used to identify women and people with darker skins.
Similar debates across the country are highlighting racial issues and concerns about the technology’s accuracy.Axon，which supplies body-worn cameras nationwide，had already formed an artificial intelligence ethics board(伦理委员会) that concluded facial recognition technology isn’t yet dependable enough to justify its use on police cameras.Axon Chief Executive Rick Smith said，“Even if facial recognition software was perfectly accurate，the ability to track people raises privacy concerns.”“Do we want everybody who walks near a police officer to get their face identified and logged in a database？” he said.
Nevertheless，Todd Pastorini，general manager at biometric forensics(生物取证) company DataWorks Plus，said it’s the “extremely effective” method of running images through photos to help identify a suspect.“Society and the public are going to get frustrated，if governments refuse to adopt a technology that keeps improving，”he said.In his eyes，facial recognition hits are just one part of an investigation.
8．What is Orlando Ramos’ attitude towards facial recognition?
A．Hopeful. B．Cautious.
C．Ambiguous. D．Tolerant.
9．What is one focus of the debates about facial recognition?
A．Gender discrimination.
B．Speed limit.
C．Accuracy rate.
D．Steadiness control.
10．What does Rick Smith think of facial recognition?
A．It appears to cause prejudice.
B．It brings about privacy concerns.
C．Its technology is reliable.
D．Its accuracy needs improving.
11．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Facial recognition tool meets with resistance.
B．All the people disapprove of facial recognition.
C．Facial recognition is the only tool of investigation.
D．Governments should ban facial recognition.