Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle【过语法写作】（教师版+学生版）-2022-2023学年高二英语单元复习(人教版 2019选择性必修第三册)

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Unit 2  Healthy Lifestyle【过语法写作】不定式作主语【观察例句】1．To say is one thing and to do is another. 2．It's rude to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.3．It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking effort.4．It seemed a pity to have wasted so much time.【归纳用法】1．把不定式置于句首。如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。To make  a plan first is a good idea.首先制定好计划是个好主意。2．用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：(1)It＋be＋名词＋to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾好老人是我们的责任。(2)It takes sb.＋some time＋to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作？(3)It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在15分钟内完成这篇作文。(4)It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to doIt seemed impossible to save money.省钱似乎不可能。(5)It ＋ 不定式结构可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后He thought it would be safer to go by train.他认为乘火车比较安全。(6)不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable.犯同样的错误两次是不可原谅的。It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.爱过之后失去了爱，比从未爱过要好。[即学即练1]　单句语法填空①              (make) up for lost time is not possible.②It is good for your study               (discuss) with your classmates.3．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验；不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验)To finish the task will take a long time.要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。(具体)[即学即练2]　单句语法填空①           (watch) news on TV has become a routine for me.②It took me only five minutes                (finish) the job.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．              (lean) out of the window is dangerous. 2．              (save) money now seems impossible. 3．It is an offence               (drop) litter in the street. 4．It is stupid of you               (write) down everything (that) the teacher says. 5．              (drive) a car during the rush hour is tiring. Ⅱ.短文语法填空I have a lot of hobbies 1.              I studied in college. It was hard for me to save money              (keep) my hobbies. It was foolish of me 3.              (spend) plenty of time with those.But 4.              (study) hard was my first task at that time. I often got up early 5.              (catch) up with other students. It took me two terms 6.              (make) up for my lost time. I think 7.              (make) the same mistake is not wise because 8.              (become) a surgeon is not easy. I should take hold of the good chance and spare no effort 9.              (achieve) my goal. Now，I'm a doctor，10.              I will never forget the experience in that time.   描述生活方式 本单元要求给编辑写一封描述生活方式的信件，符合正式书信的写作范畴。[基本框架]1．开头(beginning)——写信目的2．主体(body)——详细介绍自己的生活方式3．结尾(ending)——表达谢意[常用词块]1．be beneficial to对……有益2．live a healthy life过着健康的生活3．sort out整理；归类4．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事5．spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事6．contribute to有助于[常用语句]★精彩开头1．I'm writing to you to tell you something about healthy lifestyle.2．I want to share you something about my lifestyle.3．I am willing to offer you some tips about living a healthy life.★正文佳句1．Exercise is beneficial to our health and we'd better have us running for half an hour every day.运动有益于我们的健康，我们最好每天跑步半小时。2．What's more，we should combine study with pleasure. 更重要的是，我们应该把学习和快乐结合起来。3. We can do a lot in our daily life to achieve the goal of low carbon life. 我们可以在日常生活中做很多事情来实现低碳生活的目标。★余味结尾1．I would appreciate it if you can accept my suggestion.如果你能接受我的建议我将不胜感激。2．Try your best and you will live a healthier life. 尽力而为，你会过上更健康的生活。3．It's something about my daily lifestyle，thanks for your reading.这是我日常生活的一部分，谢谢你的阅读。假定你是李华，根据下面提示用英语给报社编辑写一封信。内容如下：1．许多青少年不注重健康问题的现象及导致的危害；2．简述你的看法，提出你的建议。Dear Editor，As we all know，health is very important. Only when we are healthy can we study well and enjoy life.       Best wishes.Yours， 能力提升阅读理解APang Hui placed a few more pairs of chopsticks on the table for a family dinner，though she did not expect her big family of seven would use them as serving chopsticks.Surprisingly，her 75­year­old father，who used to shrug off the idea of serving chopsticks，became a firm supporter this time，said Pang，40，from Beihai，a coastal city of South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Chinese people often share dishes，and diners use their own chopsticks to serve themselves food from the shared dishes，a tradition now being challenged by the outbreak of COVID­19.“We feel a sense of crisis as well as the urge to desert our old habits when we see reports of family cluster infections，”Pang said，pointing to the reports of the virus spreading via droplets and close contact.Local governments are helping to encourage a shift，too.On Feb.13，2020，local authorities of Beihai started a campaign promoting serving chopsticks and spoons，which will avoid cross­infection caused by the use of personal chopsticks.Similar measures were also adopted in other cities like Beijing，Shanghai and Hangzhou.Taizhou in East China's Jiangsu Province even standardized the designs of serving chopsticks and spoons to help diners differentiate(区分)them from personal ones.The practice of eating wild animals has been targeted by the government，which remains present in certain areas.China stopped the illegal trading and transportation of wild animals shortly after the outbreak.The move became a permanent ban on Feb.24，2020，when the country made a decision on thoroughly prohibiting the illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.Li Bo，with the Hainan international center for wildlife protection，said wild animal consumption could lead to the faster extinction of particular species，damage the ecological balance and harm people's health.“The epidemic(流行病)could become a turning point in the effort to eliminate the bad habit，”Li said.1．What can we learn about Pang Hui's family from the text?A．There are usually more than seven people dining together.B．They have started to use serving chopsticks at table.C．Pang Hui's father opposes using serving chopsticks.D．They don't know how to avoid being infected with the virus.2．According to the text，what has been done by the government?A．The tradition of sharing dishes has been abandoned.B．Cross­infection has been prevented.C．Eating wild animals has been forbidden.D．Standard personal chopsticks have been adopted.3．What does the underlined word“eliminate”in the last paragraph probably mean?A．Explain.　　　　　　 B．Discover.C．Form. D．Remove.4．What can be the best title for the text?A．Serving Chopsticks PromotedB．Ways to Help People Stay HealthyC．The Outbreak of COVID­19 Leads to ChangesD．China Bans Trading in WildlifeBThe negative health effects of sleep shortages during the week can't be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions，according to a new study.Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation(缺乏)can cause weight gain and increase other health risks，including diabetes.But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.The research，published in Current Biology，ruins those hopes.Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period，participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption(代谢紊乱)that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term.While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep，those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.“If there are benefits of catch­up sleep，they're gone when you go back to your routine.It's very short­lived，”said Kenneth Wright，who oversaw the research.“These health effects are long­term.It's kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health，but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice.I think sleep is in the early phase of where smoking used to be.”Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep—cutting out the optional“sleep stealers”such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices.Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep due to child­care responsibilities or job schedules，they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.5．What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?A．The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.B．Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.C．People's habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.D．The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.6．Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to________．A．call on smokers to completely abandon smokingB．advise people to go to sleep when they want to smokeC．show people have known the harm brought by smokingD．show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation7．What does the underlined word“prioritize”in the last paragraph probably mean?A．Putting tasks in order of importance.B．Getting more than enough of something to deposit it.C．Cutting down something that is not necessary any more.D．Treating something as being more important than others.8．What can be the best title for the text?A．Weekend catch­up sleep is a lieB．Bad sleep habits are harmful to healthC．Smoking is not the worst thing to healthD．A new study has an unexpected discovery二.阅读七选五How to Survive Being Stuck in a LiftBeing stuck in a lift，also known as an elevator，can sometimes be scary，especially if you are a fan of those kinds of movies which have a lot of elevator tragedies. You may think being stuck in an elevator in real life is not like in the movies.  1  Remain calm and do not panic! You may have heard of this a lot of times and it is true that panicking will do you no good.   2  Press each of the floor buttons one by one. Then，try the “doors open” button. If none of the buttons works，the lift is broken，and you need to let someone know about it.See if your phone has any reception or Internet.   3   If you have Wi­Fi connection，contact a family member or friend. Don't forget to tell them what the address is of the building and possibly which elevator you are stuck in. If your phone is not available，the following tips can help you.Look through the gap between the doors of the lift. If you can see light between the doors，the lift has stopped near a floor，and you should be able to shout for help and be released. Do not try to force the doors open yourself. If you can't see light between the doors，the lift has stopped between floors，and no one will be able to let you out if you scream for help. Look for an emergency telephone. If there is no telephone，press the alarm button repeatedly.   4    5  If you have waited for more than half an hour and nobody has come to get you out，shout and bang the inside walls of the lift. If no one is responding to you，then you'll have to accept that you will be in the lift overnight. If this happens，make yourself as comfortable as possible to save your energy. By morning，the building should be full again. You can try to get some help then.A．It will cause you not to be able to think clearly.B．Check the time.C．Eventually，someone should hear you and you could get help.D．Here are some tips to help you survive.E．However，it is still a vital thing to know how to survive if it ever happens to you.F．Use your watch.G．If you do have reception，call emergency services.