高中Unit 3 Environmental Protection同步测试题

这是一份高中Unit 3 Environmental Protection同步测试题，共7页。试卷主要包含了填空，阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2020-2021学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册随堂检测（9）Unit 3 Using Language&Assessing Your Progress一、填空1.The project will contribute to  _______________(develop) the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed.2.It is my pleasure to answer the questions  _______________(regard) the American Civil War.3.At first he refused to admit his mistake, but he ended up  _______________(apologize) to us.4.In history, Chinese civilization originated  _______________  Henan, the beautiful and abundant land.5.The drunken driver was brought to the police station for breaking traffic  _______________(regulate).6.She _______ (fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month.7.Human beings have limited ______ (tolerate) to noise.8.He explained this ______ (regulate) to me word for word.9.With Mr. Smith ______ (teach) me, I am sure that I can make great progress.10._______ is believed that there is life in outer space.11.These agreements have an effect _______ the buyer and the seller.12.随着暑假的临近，似乎每个人都在忙着做假期计划。（with复合结构）____________________________________________________________________________13.既然你已经表达了你的决心，你就应该立即采取行动。（now that)____________________________________________________________________________14.当你受邀到朋友家里做客时，请尽量表现得体。 (状语从句的省略）____________________________________________________________________________15.真正的友谊犹如健康，非要到失去时才知其可贵。 (名词+介词+关系代词）____________________________________________________________________________二、阅读理解   Tiny microbes (微生物) are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists have discovered that microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide into soil-enriching limestone (石灰岩) with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.    Researchers have found that when the iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi(霉菌) and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.    The iroko tree makes a mineral by combining calcium from the earth with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon dioxide into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addition to storing carbon dioxide in the trees' leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.    The discovery could lead to reforestation projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.    The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the University of Edinburgh, the University of Lausanne, Universidad de Granada and Delft University of Technology.    The project examined several microbiological methods for locking carbon dioxide as limestone, and the iroko-bacteria way showed the best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future & Emerging Technologies (FET) scheme.Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh's School of Geosciences, who led the research, said, "By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe and easily operating way to lock carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries."1.The passage mainly introduces ______.A. some useful natural fungi and bacteriaB. a new way to deal with greenhouse gas emissionsC. a newly found tree in West AfricaD. the soil-enriching limestone created by scientists2.Which of the following is TRUE about tiny microbes?A. Most tiny microbes like living in dry, acidic soil.B. Carbon dioxide can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.C. The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.D. Tiny microbes get along well with the iroko tree in special soil.3.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. Carbon dioxide.  B. Carbon.C. Soil.  D. Limestone.4.According to the passage, what can we infer?A. The action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth.B. Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years.C. Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problems.D. West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.5.According to the passage, the iroko-bacteria method ________.A. can be used to improve the farming landB. can save a lot of seriously destroyed woodsC. has been popularized in Bolivia, Haiti and IndiaD. should be spread all around the world in the future三、语法填空    The beautiful Li River attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, it suffered serious water pollution with more household and commercial waste ① _____ (end) up in the river. Local officials were ②_____ (concern) that the pollution was damaging the natural environment. They took a number of measures ​③ _____ addressed the issue. The construction of waste water treatment ④_____ (facility) improved the water quality and water conservation. The collection and transport of household waste ⑤_____ (be) also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed ⑥_____ moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial ⑦_____ (develop). New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media ⑧_____ (spread) environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections ⑨_____ (regular) and fine tourist organisations for abuses. ⑩_____ these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.答案以及解析一、1.答案：developing解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:该项目建成后将促进经济发展、减少贫困。contribute to doing sth."促成/造成做某事",to为介词。2.答案：regarding解析：考查介词。句意:我很乐意来解答关于美国内战的问题。分析句子结构可知, "________(regard)the American Civil War"作定语修饰questions,故填regarding,意为"关于"。3.答案：apologizing解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:起初他拒绝承认错误,但最后还是向我们道歉了。end up doing sth.意为"最终做某事"。4.答案：in解析：考查介词。句意:历史上,中华文明起源于河南这片美丽富饶的土地。originate in是常用搭配,意为"起源于……",in后通常是地点。5.答案：regulations解析：考查词形转换。句意:那个喝醉的司机因违反交通法规被带到了警察局。根据句意可知,此处应用名词。regulation是可数名词,其前没有限定词,故用复数形式。6.答案：was fined解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：她被罚款300美元，并被禁止驾驶1个月。fine在此处是动词，意思为"罚款"，此处表示"她"被罚款，所以用被动语态。由语境可知应用一般过去时；主语是She，故填was fined。7.答案：tolerance解析：考查名词。句意：人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。limited是形容词，所以空格处填名词；表示"忍耐力"，用名词tolerance。 8.答案：regulation解析：考查名词。句意：他逐字逐句地给我解释这项条例。this是指示代词，后面应该接名词，explain是动词，后面应该用名词作宾语，因此该空填名词形式。9.答案：teaching解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：有史密斯先生教我，我肯定我能取得很大进步。在with的复合结构中，分词的形式应该根据其与with后面的宾语的关系来判断，如果是主动关系就用现在分词，如果是被动关系就用过去分词。此处teach与Mr. Smith之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式。 10.答案：It解析：考查名词性从句。句意：人们相信地球外的空间有生命。It在此处作形式主语，代替后面的that从句。11.答案：on解析：考查介词。句意：这些协议对买卖双方都有影响，have an effect on对……有影响。12.答案：With the summer holidays approaching it seems that everybody is busy making holiday plans.解析：此处是with复合结构在句中作时间状语。approach与summer holidays之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式作宾补。13.答案：Now that you have expressed your determination you should take action immediately.解析：此处考查now that引导原因状语从句,now that意为"既然,由于"。14.答案：Please try to behave yourself/be on your best behaviour when invited to a friend's home.解析：当主句和从句的主语相同,且从句的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时,从句的主语和be动词可以省略。因此处表示"被邀请",故应用"连词+过去分词"。behave oneself"表现得体";be on your best behaviour"尽量表现得体"。15.答案：True friendship is like sound health, the value of which is seldom realized until it is lost.解析：根据句意和提示信息可知,此处应用"名词+介词+关系代词"引导定语从句,故用the value of which引导定语从句。二、答案：1-5 BDCCA解析：1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是处理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B项正确。2. 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，伊罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。3. 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句In addition to storing carbon dioxide in the trees' leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.可知，除了在树叶中和以石灰岩的形式储存二氧化碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产。由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的"土壤"，故C项正确。4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的The project examined several microbiological methods for locking carbon dioxide as limestone, and the iroko-bacteria way showed the best results.可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰岩的微生物方法，其中伊罗科树与细菌结合的方法效果最好。再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C项正确。5. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰岩生产过程，"我们"有了一种不涉及高科技的、安全的、易于操作的方法来阻止二氧化碳进入大气，同时改善热带国家的农业条件。由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确，D项干扰性较强，但文中并未提及这种技术将来应被普及到全世界，故该项不入选。三、答案：①ending ②concerned ③that/which ④facilities ⑤was ⑥or ⑦development ⑧to spread ⑨regularly ⑩With解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，由于更多的家庭和商业废物最终进入河中，它遭受了严重的水污染。此处名词waste与end是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式作with复合结构中的宾补。②考查形容词。句意：当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境。be concerned that担心……。③考查定语从句。句意：他们采取了解决这个问题的许多措施。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，修饰measures，故用that或which。④考查名词的数。句意：污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。facility是可数名词，其前没有限定词，再根据句意可知应该用复数形式。⑤考查时态和主谓一致。句意：生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。由语境可知用一般过去时；句子的主语中心词是The collection and transport，意思是"收集和运输"，看作一个整体，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。⑥考查连词。句意：许多污染企业被关闭或搬迁。or表示选择关系，意思是"或者"。⑦考查名词。句意：当地政府制定了关于进一步发展工业的严格规定。industrial是形容词，所以空格处用名词development，表示"发展"。⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，地方当局开始利用媒体传播环保意识，并鼓励（人们）更多地使用清洁能源。use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事。⑨考查副词。句意：同时，他们开始定期检查……。此空修饰动词短语carry out，因此用副词。⑩考查介词。句意：有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美将会被保存下来，留给未来的世世代代。With在此处意思为"有，拥有"。