Unit 5 Poems【过基础】（教师版+学生版）

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Unit 5　Poems【过基础】

词汇拓展

1．drama n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地
2．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
3．imagery n．形象的描述；意象；像→image n．形象；印象
4．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学
5．recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举→recitation n．背诵；逐一叙述
6．respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为→respective adj.分别的；各自的
7．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同
8．innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪→innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
9．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
10．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化
11．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．竞赛；种族vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争

重点词组

1．nursery rhyme 童谣；儿歌
2．be made up of 由……组成(构成)

重点句型
1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。
2．The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
原因是他们能感觉到爱的温暖、享受童年的纯真。
3．Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
泰戈尔是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的亚洲人。
4．Wherever it blew，I should know that the wind had been going there，too.
无论向哪里吹，我都知道风也曾去过那里。

知识精讲

知识要点1　to the point简单恰当；简洁中肯
[教材P50]The language of these rhymes，like Poem A，is to the point but has a storyline.
这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了，但带有故事情节。
[例1]　The explanation in this dictionary is concise and to the point.
这部词典里的释义简明扼要。
[例2]　The letter was short and to the point.
这封信简短扼要。
[知识拓展]
beside/off the point 离题；跑题
There is no point in doing sth. 做某事毫无意义。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Keep your answers short and don't wander the point.
②There is no point in (complain)，for you are no match for him.
③He does not talk too much and what he has to say ．
他话不多，但他说的话既准确又中肯。
【答案】1.off/beside2.complaining3.is precise and to the point
知识要点2　make sense有意义；讲得通
[教材P50]The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗可能讲不通，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。
[例1]　To me，this all just seems to make sense and I think it's readable.
对于我来说，这一切似乎讲得通，我认为它是可读的。
[例2]　What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make sense of it.
她所讲的话如此令人费解，他们搞不明白她是什么意思。
[知识拓展]
make no sense 没有意义；毫无意义
make sense of 理解，弄懂
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子用倒装语序)
There's no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有意义。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It makes sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
②Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense it.
③There is no sense in (argue) about the problem with him.
④It doesn't ．
和他争论没有任何意义。
【答案】1.no 2.of 3.arguing4.make sense to argue with him
知识要点3　be made up of 由……组成(构成)
[教材P51]Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines.
另一种业余爱好者很容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。
[例1]　My diet is made up of rice and vegetables.
我日常的饮食包括米饭和蔬菜。
[例2]　The medical team is made up of three doctors and five nurses.
这个医疗团队由3个医生和5个护士组成。
[知识拓展]
make up 构成，组成；补上；编造；化妆
make up for... 弥补
make out 理解；辨认出
consist of 由……组成
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①I think it's very unkind of you to make stories about him.
②You must make up all the lost time.
③I heard the voices，but couldn't make what they were saying.
④The group is very popular here.(be made up of)
＝The group is very popular here.(consist of)
由30个女孩组成的这个组合在这里很受欢迎。
【答案】1.up 2.for 3.out 4.made up of thirty girls，consisting of thirty girls
知识要点4　tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；招惹；逗弄；揶揄
[教材P51]Teasing，shouting，laughing爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑
[例1]　He teased me mercilessly about going Hollywood.
他毫不留情地嘲笑我想去好莱坞。
[例2]　She is always teasing her mother for money.
她老是缠着她的母亲要钱。
[知识拓展]
(1)tease sb.about... 取笑某人的……
(2)同义短语：
make fun of 取笑
laugh at 取笑；嘲笑
play a trick on 捉弄；戏弄
play a joke on 取笑；戏弄
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Don't get upset.I was only (tease)．
②I remember being teased a lot my local accent.
③He seems very moody. ．他好像心情不好。别去招惹他。
【答案】1.teasing2.about 3.Don't tease him
知识要点5　consist of由……组成；由……构成
[教材P51]Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.
俳句是日本诗歌的一种形式，它由17个音节组成。
[例1]　What will life consist of on other planets?
在其他的星球上，生命将由什么组成？
[例2]　Listening is thus an active，not a passive，behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering.
聆听是一种积极的而不是消极的行为，它包括听、理解和记忆。
[知识拓展]
(1)consist in 在于；存在于
consist with 与……一致
(2)be made up of＝be composed of
由……组成
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The beauty of air travel consists its speed and ease.
②Her story consists the fact.
③ A whole ，the parts constitute the whole.整体由部分组成，部分构成整体。
【答案】1.in 2.with 3.consists of parts
Sentence Patterns
重点句式1　“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句型
[教材P50]The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite．
这些诗可能讲不通，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。
[句式分析]　they are easy to learn and recite是“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句型。该句型中不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。
[例1]　My new teacher and classmates are all easy to get along with.
我的新老师和新同学都很好相处。
[例2]　Tom was easy to talk to.
汤姆是一个很容易与之交谈的人。
[知识拓展]
(1)能用于“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中的形容词有：easy，hard/difficult，comfortable，interesting，pleasant，safe，dangerous，impossible等，说明的是不定式的性质。
(2)“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式中的动词若是不及物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The picture is pleasant to look ．
②The mountain is challenging (climb)．
③He lent his new pen to me，which ．
他把他的新钢笔借给我，这支钢笔很好用。
④The new freeway bridge in such a short time.
新的高速公路大桥很难在这么短的时间内完工。
【答案】1.at2.to climb3.is easy to write with4.is hard to complete
重点句式2　while作连词的并列句
[教材P50]Some rhyme [like B and C]，while others do not.
有些押韵[像B和C]，而另一些不押韵。
[句式分析]　这是一个并列句，此句中的while作并列连词，表示前后两者的对比，意为“而；然而”。
[例1]　He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
[例2]　While their country has plenty of oil，ours has none.
他们国家有充足的石油，而我们国家却没有。
[知识拓展]
(1)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……的时候”。从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。
(2)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于though。
(3)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，相当于as long as。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Please don't talk so loudly others are working.
② she respected her maths teacher，she didn't like him.
③ there is life，there is hope.
④ Tom's very good at science， ．
汤姆很擅长理科，而他的兄弟绝对是不可救药。
【答案】1.while 2.While 3.While 4.while his brother is absolutely hopeless
重点句式3　with＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[教材P51]With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own.
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你也许最终想写属于你自己的诗了。
[句式分析]　此句为复杂的简单句。句中“With so many different forms of poetry to choose from”为with的复合结构，在句中作原因状语。
[例1]　With the old man to lead us，we'll have no difficulty going through the forest.
有这位老人领着我们，我们将会毫不费力地穿过森林。
[例2]　With the children at school，we can't take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时却不能去。
[知识拓展]
“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语。
其具体形式为：
with＋宾语
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①With years (go) by，they have grown into big boys and big girls.
②With all the things (buy)，she counted her money again to see if it was enough.
③With several problems (solve)，we all felt a sense of relief.
④Tom always sleeps (睁着眼)．
⑤Tom stood before the teacher (低着头)．
⑥The man was brought in (双手被绑在背后)．
⑦ (还剩下10分钟)，you'd better hurry.
【答案】1.going 2. to buy3.solved 4.with his eyes open5.with his head down6. with his hands tied behind his back7.With ten minutes to go
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共8分)
1．The tournament is open to both (业余爱好者) and professionals.
2．The two newspapers gave different (版本) of what had happened.
3．The young boy decided to defeat the other students in the (竞赛)．
4．They were working hard in order not to miss the (最后期限)．
5．The girl spent much time the article before handing it in.
6．Our teacher asked us to read the text again and then fill in the .
7．The problem is not as as he imagined.
8．She had no (理解力) of what was involved.
【答案】1.amateurs2.versions3.contest4.deadline5.polishing 6.blanks7.complicated 8.comprehension
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．Our boss has for the poor，that is，he is to people at a disadvantage.(sympathy)
10．All the proof proved his ，so he was an and straight man.(innocence)
11．The poems that he created were easy (recite) and were popular with children.
12．Judging from her eyes，I knew that her life was full of .(sorrow)
13．I take part in activities， from playing basketball to dancing.(vary)
14．English ，especially English fiction，is of great significance in the world.(literature)
15．She regularly with her former teacher and their make them more familiar with each other.(correspond)
【答案】9.sympathy ，sympathetic 10.innocence，innocent 11. to recite12.sorrowful ，sorrows13.various ，varying
14.literature，literary 15.corresponds ，correspondences

Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
16．无可否认，中国有各种节日，其中春节最为突出。
There is no denying that there are a variety of festivals in China， .
17．人们庆祝端午节的原因是为了纪念屈原，一位伟大的中国诗人。
The reason t they honor Qu Yuan，a great Chinese poet.
18．我总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开教室的人。
I’m always .
19．将来无论我去哪里，我都会努力保护并丰富我们自己的传统文化。
，I’ll make great efforts to preserve and enrich our own traditional culture.
【答案】16.among which the Spring Festival stands out.17.why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival is that18.the first one to arrive at the classroom and the last one to leave the classroom19.Wherever I go in the future

题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
There are various reasons why people compose poetry.Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers’ mind.1. try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.Poets use many different forms of poetry 2. (express) themselves.Now we will look at a few of the simpler
3. (form)．Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy 4. (learn) and recite.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，5. contains a list of things，people，ideas or descriptions that develop a particular theme.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain 6. (make) up of five lines.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of seventeen syllables.It is not a 7. (tradition) form of English poetry，but is very popular 8. English writers.English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry 9. (translate) into English.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may 10. (eventual) want to write poems of your own.
【答案】
1.Others 2.to express3.forms4.to learn5.which 6.made7.traditional8.with 9.has been translated10.eventually

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)

Being a literary amateur，Tom was fond of drama，prose，poems full of rhythms and folk stories.So there were a string of versions of literature in his book shelf.He often created nursery rhymes，whose core centered on lively animals，such as billy goats，bulls，bees and butterflies.They were within children’s 1. ，so they were easy to recite.His imagery of sorrow，grief and good moods attracted 2. and nobles，who often corresponded with him.Tom’s sister，Jane，was keen on various plants.At dawn she would appreciate
3. blossoms，dewdrops on clovers and cherry blossoms.In spring，she would sow seeds,
4. them to grow up.She was innocent and had great 5. for the poor.So she organized a team，which was made up of ten adults，to oppose racial prejudice in this modern era.All in all，Tom and Jane were successful in their 6. fields.
【答案】1.comprehension2.civilians 3.delicate 4.awaiting 5.sympathy 6.respective

题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Cruise(巡航) lines worldwide suspended sailings March 13 because of the spread of the coronavirus pandemic.Now companies such as Carnival and Disney are pushing out their return dates and canceling more trips，meaning passengers can receive full refunds for the price of their trips.
Those who want to take their chances and postpone—even though there’s no firm date when this pandemic will end—can choose to receive a credit for a future cruise.Just remember：If you choose a credit，you have given up your refund.Cruise companies want you to stick with them，and are offering extra perks(津贴) and credits to keep you on board.
Carnival Cruises
On Wednesday，Carnival Cruises announced it would suspend Alaska sailings through June 30 and scrap all San Francisco cruises for the rest of the year.Typical five-day cruises along the California coast called at Catalina Island and Ensenada，Mexico，before returning to the Bay Area.
The company also canceled cruises aboard Carnival Radiance(an upgrade of the Carnival Victory) through Nov.1，and Carnival Legend，through Oct.30.Carnival Legend typically sails from Seattle to Alaska in summer months.
Passengers whose trips have been cancelled may opt for a refund or a future cruise credit.
Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line on Monday extended its suspension for sailings departing in April.Passengers who had tickets on any of its four ships through April 28 may receive a refund or a cruise credit for a trip within 15 months of their original departure date，according to the company’s website.
Disney also warned passengers about sailings aboard the Disney Wonder that are scheduled to resume April 29.The itinerary(行程) calls for a stop in Vancouver，Canada，but Canada has closed its ports at least through July 1.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多邮轮因新冠疫情被取消后，乘客如何获得退款或信用额度。

1．What can the passengers select if they want to cruise later?
A．Refunds. B．Credits.
C．Perks. D．Chances.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Those who want to take their chances and postpone—even though there’s no firm date when this pandemic will end—can choose to receive a credit for a future cruise.”可知，那些想以后进行游轮之旅的人可以选择获得信用积分。故选 B。
2．What do we know about Carnival Cruises?
A．Carnival Legend typically sails from Seattle to Alaska in winter months.
B．Passengers whose trips have been canceled only choose a future cruise credit.
C．Carnival Radiance is canceled through Oct.30.
D．San Francisco cruises will be canceled for the rest of the year.
D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“On Wednesday，Carnival Cruises announced it would suspend Alaska sailings through June 30 and scrap all San Francisco cruises for the rest of the year.”可知，今年剩余时间的旧金山游轮将被取消。故选D。
3．What may happen if you had tickets on any of the ships of Disney Cruise Line?
A．You will receive refunds before April 28.
B．Your trip will be delayed till June.
C．You will receive a cruise credit for a trip.
D．You will receive refunds on April 29.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Passengers who had tickets on any of its four ships through April 28 may receive a refund or a cruise credit for a trip within 15 months of their original departure date，according to the company’s website.”可知，如果你有迪士尼游轮的船票，你将会得到邮轮积分。故选C。
B
John White，a typical teenage boy，is keen on hiking and photography.He also lives in a large zoo.
John，the son of the late “Crocodile Hunter” star Steve White，is now taking center stage in “Crikey! It’s the Whites，”a new series on Animal Planet.“We’ve worked on quite a few different TV projects，but this is actually the first time my whole family has come back to Animal Planet together，so it’s pretty unusual，” says John.Premiering(首映)at 8 p．m.on Sunday，“Crikey！” follows the Whites as they run the 100-acre Australia Zoo，founded by Steve White’s parents.Steve owned and ran the zoo before he died in 2006.“We’ve always grown up in front of a camera.Bindi，my sister，and I were both filmed for some of the original ‘Crocodile Hunter’ documentaries(纪录片)，” says John.
“I’m very lucky in the way that I’ve had so much of my life captured(拍摄)on camera，so as the memories you have of Dad start to fade，you can always look back at the old footage(镜头)and relive those special moments，” he says.
“Crikey! It’s the Whites” has some footage of Steve.The most exciting part of the premiere involves John leading the “Croc Show” at the zoo’s “Crocoseum”，a 5,500-seat stadium Steve built to give crocodile performances and educate visitors about crocodile behavior.
Of course，running a zoo doesn’t leave much time for school，so John participates in Distance Education，a program similar to homeschooling.“School can be difficult for me to fit in，” he says.“But I’ve actually got a classroom that’s set up at Australia Zoo and a teacher that travels with us wherever we go，so I can fit in all of my studies.” John continues，“I’m learning as much as I can about all of the animals and all of the work at Australia Zoo.I feel really honored to be following in Dad’s footsteps.I love continuing that work.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John White将会继续追随父亲的脚步，经营一家动物园的故事。

4．Why is the new series special to John?
A．It includes his whole family.
B．It is being filmed in a large zoo.
C．It is the first documentary he made.
D．It allows him to work with his dad.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“this is actually the first time my whole family has come back to Animal Planet together，so it’s pretty unusual”可知，与以往不同的是，这次他们全家都参与节目的拍摄。故选A。
5．What does John think of being captured on camera?
A．It helps increase his popularity.
B．It encourages him to work hard.
C．It helps strengthen his ties to his dad.
D．It encourages him to care about animals.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，John认为等以后对父亲的记忆变模糊时，这些镜头可以让他重拾对父亲的记忆。故选C。
6．How does John keep up with his schooling?
A．He is taking unique education.
B．He is home-schooled by his mom.
C．He goes to school whenever he has time.
D．He asks some teachers to teach him at home.
A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“John participates in Distance Education，a program similar to homeschooling.”和“But I’ve actually got a classroom that’s set up at Australia Zoo and a teacher that travels with us wherever we go...”可推知，为了跟上学业进度，约翰接受了独特的教育。故选A。
7．What’s John’s dream job in the future?
A．Feeding animals.
B．Running Australia Zoo.
C．Becoming a crocodile expert.
D．Becoming a wildlife photographer.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后三句 John所说的话可知，他希望自己以后继续经营该动物园。故选B。
C
Empathy(同理心) is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants，but few know how to truly give or receive it.In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized，it is in short supply but high demand.This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.
What Is Empathy？—Many people confuse sympathy and empathy，but they are two distinct values.Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone’s feelings；criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust.Empathy is more than that.Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels，but it also values and respects the feelings of another person.It means treating others with kindness，dignity，and understanding.
Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts，in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.It begins with the way parents relate to their children.Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.
Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met，two things happen.They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving，meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.An empty jug cannot fill a cup.
It’s a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them.Give their emotions names(for example，jealousy，anger，and love) and teach them that these are normal.Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions.Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在一个强调自我满足的世界里，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。同时说明了同理心的含义，以及如何培养孩子的同理心。

8．Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?
A．Because people tend to center themselves.
B．Because everyone lacks empathy.
C．Because empathy is a strange quality.
D．Because it’s better to give than to receive.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized，it is in short supply but high demand.This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.”可知，下一代人被教导要有同理心，因为人们往往以自己为中心。故选A。
9．Which situation can empathy be used in?
A．When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.
B．When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.
C．When a criminal is cheating a victim.
D．When a dancer is dancing to music.
B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts，in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.”可推知，B选项“当老师安慰学生考试不及格时”符合同理心使用的情况。故选B。
10．What does the underlined sentence “An empty jug cannot fill a cup.” mean?
A．An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.
B．It’s a must to talk to kids about emotions.
C．Adults should set an example to kids.
D．Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.
D【解析】句意理解题。结合上文“Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met，two things happen.They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving，meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.”可知，要想孩子们有同理心，必须首先满足他们自己的情感需求。故选D。
11．What is the main topic of the passage?
A．How to train kids to have empathy.
B．How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.
C．How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.
D．Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.
A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.”可知，文章主要内容为如何教导孩子拥有同理心。故选A。