Unit 1 A new start第三课时Using language&vocabulary课件

Unit 1 A New Start第三课时 Members of a SentenceSentence Constituents Part 1句子成分句子包括哪些成分？英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、 表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 、补语（complement）。主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于______ 。句首主语是动作的发出者主语The boys laughed.The river flows.His daughter is a journalist（新闻记者）.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.在“There be …”句型中，主语的位置在 。如：There are some bottles of milk in the box.There is a boy on the playground. be动词之后谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由______ 充当，常位于 。 谓语实义动词或系动词 I love you.I am a boy.I can help you. I am reading a book now.We have finished reading this book.△情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成复合谓语.主语之后宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在_________或_______后面.宾语及物动词介词He helped me.I want to listen to music. 双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。 He gave me two books.间接宾语间接宾语直接宾语表语：跟在 后面的词语或从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.表语系动词The trees turn green. The flower is beautiful .持续系动词 表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay等。He always kept silent at meeting. 状态系动词 表示主语状态、身份等，主要有be（is， am ，are，was,were）I am hungry.感官系动词 主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look等。This flower smells very sweet.变化系动词 表示主语变化，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come等He became mad after that. 。。。e.g.定语定语：用来修饰 ，位于 It’s a red car.My brother is a teacher.We belong to the third world.Lucy’s father is a worker.The man under the tree is my teacher.The swimming boy is my brother. I bought something interesting.名词和代词名词前后e.g.I ran a marathon yesterday. （时间）He lives in downtown. （地点）He waited because of the rain. （原因）She often goes to the gym. （频率）He spoke to him with smile. （伴随）It’s very cold.（程度）状语Luckily,we passed the exam.宾语补足语宾语补足语：用来补充说明宾语的情况。I like to keep everything tidy. 感官动词：see，hear, notice, watch, hear，feel , observe（观察） I hear him sing . 使役动词：make，have, let(使役动词)，接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。His boss makes him work all day.特殊Basic Sentence StructuresPart 2基本句型1.主谓结构 Subject + Verb2.主系表结构 Subject + Verb + Predicative3.主谓宾结构 Subject + Verb + Object4.主谓双宾 Subject + Verb + Object（indirect） +Object （direct） 5.主谓宾宾补 Subject + Verb + Object + Complement6.主谓状 Subject + Verb + Adverbial7.主谓宾状 Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial简单句英语句子七大结构：1.主谓结构 Subject + Verb基本句型I replied.She agreed.He died.We laugh(ed).Unit 1 A new startUsing languageThe moon rose. We come . 小试牛刀此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词(vi.)，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。2.主系表结构 Subject + Verb + Predicative基本句型I was embarrassed.He was friendly.（1）be（2）感官动词： look, smell, taste, sound, feel（3）变化：become, get, turn, grow, fall（4）保持：keep, stay, remain, stand（5）表象：seem, appear（6）终止：proveUnit 1 A new startUsing language1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮5. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。划分句子成分。3.主谓宾结构 Subject + Verb + ObjectI saw a white-haired man.He wrote a long letter.小试牛刀1. Who knows the answer? 2. She smiled her thanks. 3. He enjoys reading. 4. They ate what was left over. 5. He said "Good morning." 4.主谓双宾 Subject + Verb + Object（indirect） +Object （direct） 基本句型He gave me a smile.I passed him a book.Unit 1 A new startUsing language间宾指人直宾指物1. She ordered herself a new dress. 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 3. He brought you a dictionary. 4.I showed him my pictures. 小试牛刀有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 5.主谓宾宾补 Subject + Verb + Object + ComplementHis words made me a lot more relaxed.The exam made me quite nervous.1. They appointed him manager. 他们任命他当经理。2. They painted the door green.他们把门漆成绿色3. This set them thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。 4. They found the house deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。 小试牛刀此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。6.主谓状 Subject + Verb + Adverbial基本句型I breathed deeply.He talked loudly.7.主谓宾状 Subject + Verb + Object + AdverbialI looked at them in panic.She looked after her sister patiently.Unit 1 A new startUsing languagePracticePart 3小试牛刀1. I saw a shite-haired man.Basic Sentence Structures2. I replied. 5. I looked at them in panic.4. I breathed deeply.6. I was embarrassed.3. He gave me a smile.7. His words made me a lot more relaxed!a. He was friendly.b. The exam made me quite nervous.e .He wrote a long letter.d. She agreed.f .He talked loudly.c. I passed him a book.g .She looked after her sister patiently.edcfgab主谓宾主谓主谓宾宾主谓状主谓宾状主系表主谓宾宾补Match the sentences.小试牛刀(1) She is my sister.(2) I have a dream.(3) I consider(认为) him my best friend.(4) The machine works well.(5) Jack gave me a book . 判断以下句子属于五种基本结构中的哪一种主系表主谓宾主谓宾宾补主谓状主谓双宾Unit 1 A new startUsing languagevocabulary1.debate n.＆v.讨论，辩论常用搭配：under debate 在讨论/辩论中 beyond debate 无可争辩 常用搭配：debate sth. with sb. 与某人辩论某事 debate with sb. about sth. 和某人就某事辩论【巧学助记】(1)The two sides debated each other the question of the origin(起源)of the universe.(2)The suggestion debate was put forward by the chairman.withaboutunder debater n. 辩论者 YOUR LOGOLet’s join the Debate Club!2.argue v.争论，争辩argument n.争吵，争论，辩论常用搭配：aruge with sb （over/ about sth） 与某人（在某方面）产生争执argue for sth / against sth 支持/ 反对argue sb. into/out of doing 说服某人做/不做【巧学助记】1.He __________(argue) that they needed more time to finish the project.2.Professor Li presented（呈现） the ______________(argue) to prove （证明）his viewpoint（观点）.3.At last,she argued her father out of (smoke).arguedargumentsmoking3.volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿做 voluntarily adv. 自愿地voluntary adj. 自愿的常用搭配：volunteer to do sth.(为/作为......）自愿做某事【巧学助记】He volunteered (direct) the traffic.to direct4.various adj.各种各样的 There are (各种各样） fruits.variety n.变化；多样化；种类a variety of 各种各样常用搭配【巧学助记】variousa variety of5.apply vt. 申请 适用，应用于(与to连用)application n.请求；申请；申请表；应用applicant n. 申请人常用搭配apply for sth 申请某事apply to ... 向...提出申请；适用于apply ... to... 把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……apply oneself to 专心于；努力【巧学助记】1.Unfortunately, my ___________ (apply) for a scholarship was rejected.2. This rule cannot apply__________ children.3. I’d like to apply__________ the position(职位） you advertised in China Daily.applicationtofor4.你应该专心学习。You should apply yourself to study/studying.6.schedule n.计划表，进度表，日程表 v.安排；预定常用搭配:ahead of/behind schedule 先于/迟于预定时间on schedule=on time 按时；准时be scheduled to do sth 计划做某事be scheduled for...预定在...(时间）【巧学助记】I always get there . (准时）The meeting Friday afternoon. The new book appear in May. on schedule/timeis scheduled foris scheduled toSee you!