2023届高考英语二轮复习专项完形填空议论文突破训练作业含答案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习专项完形填空议论文突破训练作业含答案，共25页。试卷主要包含了 阅读理解， 精深练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、 阅读理解。
Passage 1
“I'm ging t learn at least ne dish each week. Yu just need t sit back and watch.” I gt ff the phne with my mm and clicked n the TV­bx­shaped icn(图标) f YuTube. We were just having a bet abut whether I wuld ever be able t teach myself t ck withut her step­by­step guidance.
Technlgy has revlutinized the way we learn. That was what I believed then. Hwever, after tw weeks f watching thse instructinal vides, the reality f my barely imprved cking struck me in the face. T be hnest, the result didn't cme ff as t much f a shck. Deep dwn, I had always knwn that perfectin relies in n small part n endless hurs f meaningful practice.
I am nt alne in experiencing this type f failure. With an impressive variety f nline resurces at ur fingertips, it is natural that we use them t ur advantage and learn new skills thrugh “watching” them.
There's nthing ineffective abut this kind f learning in itself. Hwever, a recent study published in Psychlgical Science shws that if yu watch an expert perfrming a skill unknwn t yu fr t lng, it will raise yur self­cnfidence in a way that it aruses(激发) yur unrealistic expectatins f yurself. The dissnance between yur true ability and yur false view f it can have a negative influence n yur learning utcme. Yu might becme as discuraged as I was. And if yur determinatin isn't strng enugh, yu might just give up halfway.
If right nw yu are cnsidering learning smething new thrugh watching nline vides, be it juggling pins(杂耍), ice­skating, r even Michael Jacksn's timeless mnwalk, dn't frget t mix it up with the tried­and­true methd f practicing and repeating. And mst imprtantly, try nt t get caught up in the feel­gd act f watching.
( ) 1. What d we knw abut the authr?
A. She knew her failure resulted frm lacking practice.
B. She was astnished at her failure t be a great ck.
C. She disagreed with her mm n hw t ck.
D. She was misled by sme s­called experts.
( ) 2. What's the authr's pinin f nline resurces?
A. They are f pr quality.
B. They are helpful in a way.
C. They are difficult f access.
D. They have benefited her a lt.
( ) 3. What des the underlined wrd “dissnance” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Dislike. B. Disbelief.
C. Disapprval. D. Disagreement.
( ) 4. What des the authr mainly intend t shw readers?
A. Online vides are grwing in ppularity.
B. Mm is always a gd example fr us.
C. Watching desn't make yu perfect.
D. Cking is a useful skill.
Passage 2
When mst peple think f the wrd, “brand”， they think f the Nike Swsh, Frd “Blue Oval”， McDnalds Glden Arches, r the “State Farm is There” jingle. They knw what they will get with a well branded prduct r service as prmised. Think f Vlv, fr instance, and yur first thughts are prbably smething like “well built, cmfrtable, Swedish” and, mst f all, “safety”．
S a brand is a lt mre than a lg, icn, r slgan. Catchy as it may sund, it isn't the “brand” in the true sense—and it certainly isn't what makes the brand valuable. A cmpany's brand is a prmise. It's a descriptin f the cmpany's character. T sme extent, it's a missin; it's hw the cmpany creates and delivers value. Als, it's the feeling the cmpany cnveys t its stakehlders. Successful brands meet varius challenges and cnsistently deliver n their prmises, which is hw they create brand value. T illustrate it, here are sme brand prmises frm three highly successful, wrld­wide brands: ①The NFL: “T be the premier sprts and entertainment brand that brings peple tgether, cnnecting them scially and emtinally like n ther.”②Cca­Cla: “T inspire mments f ptimism and uplift.” ③Virgin Atlantic: “T be genuine, fun, cntemprary, and different in everything we d at a reasnable price.”
Interesting. In nne f the abve cases des the brand prmise describe what these cmpanies d r prvide. The NFL's brand prmise says nthing abut ftball. Cca­Cla desn't talk abut prviding the best sft drinks in the wrld. And Virgin Atlantic's prmise ges a lt farther than seating passengers in its aircraft.
Of curse, a prmise is nwhere near enugh. The prmise alng with lk, persnality, time, mney, and hard wrk cmbined can eventually help t build and maintain great brands and acquire a special patina(光泽) f what I call “me” appeal, shwing my persnal appetite. Apple has that patina. All f this can lead t sub­brands, like iPhne and iPad which acquire the glry f the parent brand.
Smetimes a brand is memrable because f little things. TD Bank has a special place in their branches fr yu t depsit all thse cins yu cllect in jars. It is called the Penny Arcade that turns depsiting yur cins int a fun game in which yu can even win prizes. Years ag, Dime Savings Bank in New Yrk had a small dime(十分钱硬币) carrier. It was given t kids and then they'd fill up its 50 slts(投币口) with a dime in each ne and bring it t exchange fr a $5 bill.
( ) 5. What can we knw frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Peple tend t believe in tp brands because they deliver what is prmised.
B. Well branded Swedish prducts are f gd quality but mre cstly than thers.
C. Well branded prducts are faced with great challenges f quality currently.
D. A cmpany shuldn't care abut lgs because they can't make the brand valuable.
( ) 6. In the authr's pinin, a brand prmise is ________.
A. the cntract between a cmpany and the peple wh interact with it
B. the nly way t build and maintain a great brand's value
C. a descriptin f what a cmpany actually des fr its cnsumers
D. an imprtant factr cntributing t the success f a brand
( ) 7. Accrding t the passage, what is prbably “Virgin Atlantic”？
A. A financial cmpany.
B. A high­tech sftware prduct.
C. An airline cmpany.
D. An entertainment prduct.
( ) 8. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Buying a certain brand says nthing abut the persn wh buys it.
B. Little things can mean a lt and make a brand memrable.
C. Sub­brands are relatively easy t build and generate huge prfits.
D. Dime Savings Bank's dime carriers are difficult fr kids t perate.
Passage 3
In 1926, US autmaker Henry Frd shrtened its emplyees' wrkweek frm six eight­hur days t five, with n pay cuts. It's smething wrkers and labr unins had been calling fr. Frd wasn't respnding t wrker demands; he was being a businessman. He expected increased prductivity and knew wrkers with mre time and mney wuld buy and use the prducts they were making. It was a way f encuraging cnsumerism and prductivity t increase prfits, and it succeeded.
Since standardizatin f the 40­hur wrkweek in the mid­20th century, everything has changed but the hurs. If anything, many peple are wrking even lnger hurs, especially in Nrth America. This has a severe influence n human health and well­being, as well as the envirnment. Until the Secnd Wrld War, it was cmmn fr ne persn in a family, usually the ldest male, t wrk full­time. Nw, wmen make up 42 percent f the wrld's full­time wrkfrce. Technlgy has made a lt f wrk unnecessary, with cmputers and rbts ding many tasks previusly perfrmed by humans.
Well int the 21st century, we cntinue t wrk the same lng hurs as 20th century labrers, using up ever mre f Earth's supply t prduce mre gds that we must keep wrking t buy, use and replace in a seemingly endless cycle f hard wrk and cnsumptin. It's time t pause and cnsider better ways t live like shifting frm fssil­fueled lifestyles with which ur cnsumer­based wrkweeks are cnnected.
The UK think tank, New Ecnmics(经济学) Fundatin, argues that a standard 21­hur wrkweek wuld address a number f intercnnected prblems: “verwrk, unemplyment, ver­cnsumptin, high carbn emissins, lw well­being, and the lack f time t live sustainably, t care fr each ther, and simply t enjy life.”
Ecnmic systems that require cnstant grwth n a finite(有限的) planet dn't make sense. It's time fr a change in ur ecnmic thinking.
( ) 9. Why did Frd decide t shrten the wrkweek?
A. T cut wrkers' pay.
B. T make mre prfits.
C. T respnd t wrker demands.
D. T meet labr unins' requirements.
( )10. What change in the wrkfrce happened after Wrld War Ⅱ？
A. Mre wmen wrked full­time.
B. The number f labrers decreased.
C. Technlgy enabled peple t wrk shrter hurs.
D. It was unnecessary fr a family's ldest male t wrk.
( )11. What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A. Lnger wrking hurs means better cnsumptin ability.
B. The 21st century sees the lngest wrking hurs in histry.
C. The cycle f hard wrk and cnsumptin shuld be changed.
D. Pausing ur way f living can change the present wrkweek.
( )12. New Ecnmics Fundatin thinks a 21­hur wrkweek will ________.
A. increase unemplyment
B. cause varius prblems
C. encurage peple t enjy life
D. challenge the ecnmic grwth
二、 精深练习。
(一) 写出下列句中画线词的中文释义。
1. Deep dwn, I had always knwn that perfectin relies in__n__small__part n endless hurs f meaningful practice. ______
2. Successful brands meet varius challenges and cnsistently deliver n their prmises, which is hw they create brand value. ______
3. Of curse, a prmise is nwhere__near enugh. ______
4. TD Bank has a special place in their branches fr yu t depsit all thse cins yu cllect in jars. ______
5. If__anything,__many peple are wrking even lnger hurs, especially in Nrth America. ______
6. The UK think tank, New Ecnmics(经济学) Fundatin, argues that a standard 21­hur wrkweek wuld address a number f intercnnected prblems: …______
(二) 根据中文写出单词的正确形式。
1. Hwever, after tw weeks f watching thse instructinal vides, the reality f my barely imprved cking ______ (突然想到；猛地意识到) me in the face.
2. A cmpany's brand is a prmise. It's a ______ (描述) f the cmpany's character.
3. The prmise alng with lk, persnality, time, mney, and hard wrk ______ (结合) can eventually help t build and maintain great brands and acquire a special patina(光泽) f what I call “me” appeal, shwing my persnal appetite.
4. Smetimes a brand is ______ (难忘的) because f little things.
5. In 1926, US autmaker Henry Frd ______ (缩短) its emplyees' wrkweek frm six eight­hur days t five, with n pay cuts.
6. He expected increased ______ (生产力) and knew wrkers with mre time and mney wuld buy and use the prducts they were making.
7. Technlgy has made a lt f wrk unnecessary, with cmputers and rbts ding many tasks ______ (以前地) perfrmed by humans.
8. Well int the 21st century, we cntinue t wrk the same lng hurs as 20th century labrers, using up ever mre f Earth's supply t prduce mre gds that we must keep wrking t buy, use and replace in a______ (似乎) endless cycle f hard wrk and cnsumptin.
(三) 长难句分析与翻译。
1. With an impressive variety f nline resurces at ur fingertips, it is natural that we use them t ur advantage and learn new skills thrugh “watching” them.
[分析]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[翻译]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. Catchy as it may sund, it isn't the “brand” in the true sense—and it certainly isn't what makes the brand valuable.
[分析]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[翻译]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. It's time t pause and cnsider better ways t live like shifting frm fssil­fueled lifestyles with which ur cnsumer­based wrkweeks are cnnected.
[分析]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[翻译]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
提高题
一、 阅读理解。
Passage 1 (2021·全国乙卷)
When almst everyne has a mbile phne, why are mre than half f Australian hmes still paying fr a landline(座机)?
These days yu'd be hard pressed t find anyne in Australia ver the age f 15 wh desn't wn a mbile phne. In fact plenty f yunger kids have ne in their pcket. Practically everyne can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter(29%) rely nly n their smartphnes, accrding t a survey(调查). Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it's nt really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
Mre than half f Australian hmes are still chsing t stick with their hme phne. Age is naturally a factr(因素)—nly 58 percent f Generatin Ys still use landlines nw and then, cmpared t 84 percent f Baby Bmers wh've perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years. Age isn't the nly factr; I'd say it's als t d with the makeup f yur husehld.
Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne (using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it).
Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?
( ) 1. What des Paragraph 2 mainly tell us abut mbile phnes?
A. Their target users.
B. Their wide ppularity.
C. Their majr functins.
D. Their cmplex design.
( ) 2. What des the underlined wrd “cncede” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue.
C. Remember. D. Remark.
( ) 3. What can we say abut Baby Bmers?
A. They like smartphne games.
B. They enjy guessing callers' identity.
C. They keep using landline phnes.
D. They are attached t their family.
( ) 4. What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?
A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall ut f use sme day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as imprtant as the gas light.
Passage 2 (2019·天津卷改编)
Wuld yu BET n the future f this man? He is 53 years ld. Mst f his adult life has been a lsing struggle against debt and misfrtune. A war injury has made his left hand stp functining, and he has ften been in prisn. Driven by heaven­knws­what mtives, he determines t write a bk.
The bk turns ut t be ne that has appealed t the wrld fr mre than 350 years. That frmer prisner was Cervantes, and the bk was Dn Quixte (《堂吉诃德》). And the stry pses an interesting questin: why d sme peple discver new vitality and creativity t the end f their days, while thers g t seed lng befre?
We've all knwn peple wh run__ut__f__steam befre they reach life's halfway mark. I'm nt talking abut thse wh fail t get t the tp. We can't all get there. I'm talking abut peple wh have stpped learning n grwing because they have adpted the fixed attitudes and pinins that all t ften cme with passing years.
Mst f us, in fact, prgressively narrw the variety f ur lives. We succeed in ur field f specializatin and then becme trapped in it. Nthing surprises us. We lse ur sense f wnder. But, if we are willing t learn, the pprtunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldm invlve infrmatin and skills. We learn t bear with the things we can't change. We learn t avid self­pity. We learn that hwever much we try t please, sme peple are never ging t lve us—an idea that trubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high mtivatin and enthusiasm, we can keep n learning. Then we will knw hw imprtant it is t have meaning in ur life. Hwever, we can achieve meaning nly if we have made a cmmitment t smething larger than ur wn little egs(自我), whether t lved nes, t fellw humans, t wrk, r t sme mral cncept.
Many f us equate(视……等同于) “cmmitment” with such “caring” ccupatins as teaching and nursing. But ding any rdinary jb as well as ne can is in itself an admirable cmmitment. Peple wh wrk tward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck, r running a stre—make the wrld better just by being the kind f peple they are. They've learned life's mst valuable lessn.
( ) 5. The passage starts with the stry f Cervantes t shw that ________.
A. lss f freedm stimulates ne's creativity
B. age is nt a barrier t achieving ne's gal
C. misery inspires a man t fight against his fate
D. disability cannt stp a man's pursuit f success
( ) 6. What des the underlined part in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. End ne's struggle fr liberty.
B. Waste ne's energy taking risks.
C. Miss the pprtunity t succeed.
D. Lse the interest t cntinue learning.
( ) 7. What des the authr intend t tell us in Paragraph 5?
A. A tugh man can tlerate suffering.
B. A wise man can live withut self­pity.
C. A man shuld try t satisfy peple arund him.
D. A man shuld learn suitable ways t deal with life.
( ) 8. What is the authr's purpse in writing the passage?
A. T prvide guidance n leading a meaningful adult life.
B. T stress the need f shuldering respnsibilities at wrk.
C. T state the imprtance f generating mtivatin fr learning.
D. T suggest a way f pursuing excellence in ur lifelng career.
Passage 3 (2018·江苏卷)
In the 1760s, Mathurin Rze pened a series f shps that basted(享有) a special meat sup called cnsmmé. Althugh the main attractin was the sup, Rze's chain shps als set a new standard fr dining ut, which helped t establish Rze as the inventr f the mdern restaurant.
Tday, schlars have generated large amunts f instructive research abut restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves abut 20 percent mre pasta(意大利面食) when their plates matched their fd. When a dark­clred cake was served n a black plate rather than a white ne, custmers recgnized it as sweeter and mre tasty.
Lighting matters, t. When Berlin restaurant custmers ate in darkness, they culdn't tell hw much they'd had: thse given extra­large shares ate mre than everyne else, but were nne__the__wiser—they didn't feel fuller, and they were just as ready fr dessert.
Time is mney, but that principle means different things fr different types f restaurants. Unlike fast­fd places, fine dining shps prefer custmers t stay lnger and spend. One way t encurage custmers t stay and rder that extra rund: put n sme Mzart (莫扎特). When classical, rather than pp, music was playing, diners spent mre. Fast music hurried diners ut. Particular scents als have an effect: diners wh gt the scent f lavender(薰衣草) stayed lnger and spent mre than thse wh smelled lemn, r n scent.
Meanwhile, things that yu might expect t discurage spending—“bad” tables, crwding, high prices—dn't necessarily. Diners at bad tables—next t the kitchen dr, say—spent nearly as much as thers but sn fled. It can be cncluded that restaurant keepers need nt “be verly cncerned abut ‘bad’ tables”， given that they're prfitable. As fr crwds, a Hng Kng study fund that they increased a restaurant's reputatin, suggesting great fd at fair prices. And dubling a buffet's price led custmers t say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.
( ) 9. The underlined phrase “nne the wiser” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably implies that the custmers were ________.
A. nt aware f eating mre than usual
B. nt willing t share fd with thers
C. nt cnscius f the fd quality
D. nt fnd f the fd prvided
( )10. Hw culd a fine dining shp make mre prfit?
A. Playing classical music.
B. Intrducing lemn scent.
C. Making the light brighter.
D. Using plates f larger size.
( )11. What des the last paragraph talk abut?
A. Tips t attract mre custmers.
B. Prblems restaurants are faced with.
C. Ways t imprve restaurants' reputatin.
D. Cmmn misunderstandings abut restaurants.
Passage 4 (2018·江苏卷改编)
Children as yung as ten are becming dependent n scial media fr their sense f self­wrth, a majr study warned.
It fund many yungsters(少年) nw measure their status by hw much public apprval they get nline, ften thrugh “likes”. Sme change their behaviur in real life t imprve their image n the web.
The reprt int yungsters aged frm 8 t 12 was carried ut by Children's Cmmissiner (专员) Anne Lngfield. She said scial media firms were expsing children t majr emtinal risks, with sme yungsters starting secndary schl ill­equipped t cpe with the tremendus pressure they faced nline.
Sme scial apps were ppular amng the children even thugh they suppsedly require users t be at least 13. The yungsters admitted planning trips arund ptential pht­pprtunities and then messaging friends—and friends f friends—t demand “likes” fr their nline psts.
The reprt fund that yungsters felt their friendships culd be at risk if they did nt respnd t scial media psts quickly, and arund the clck.
Children aged 8 t 10 were “starting t feel happy” when thers liked their psts. Hwever, thse in the 10 t 12 age grup were “cncerned with hw many peple like their psts”， suggesting a “need” fr scial recgnitin that gets strnger the lder they becme.
Miss Lngfield warned that a generatin f children risked grwing up “wrried abut their appearance and image as a result f the unrealistic lifestyles they fllw n platfrms, and increasingly anxius abut switching ff due t the cnstant demands f scial media”．
She said: “Children are using scial media with family and friends and t play games when they are in primary schl. But what starts as fun usage f apps turns int tremendus pressure in real scial media interactin at secndary schl.”
As their wrld expanded, she said, children cmpared themselves t thers nline in a way that was “hugely damaging in terms f their self­identity, in terms f their cnfidence, but als in terms f their ability t develp themselves”．
Miss Lngfield added: “Then there is this push t cnnect—if yu g ffline, will yu miss smething, will yu miss ut, will yu shw that yu dn't care abut thse peple yu are fllwing, all f thse cme tgether in a huge way at nce.”
“Fr children it is very, very difficult t cpe with emtinally.” The Children's Cmmissiner fr England's study—Life in Likes—fund that children as yung as 8 were using scial media platfrms largely fr play.
Hwever, the research—invlving eight grups f 32 children aged 8 t 12—suggested that as they headed tward their teens, they became increasingly anxius nline.
By the time they started secndary schl—at age 11—children were already far mre aware f their image nline and felt under huge pressure t ensure their psts were ppular, the reprt fund.
Hwever, they still did nt knw hw t cpe with mean­spirited jkes, r the sense f incmpetence they might feel if they cmpared themselves t celebrities(名人) r mre brilliant friends nline. The reprt said they als faced pressure t respnd t messages at all hurs f the day—especially at secndary schl when mre yungsters have mbile phnes.
The Children's Cmmissiner said schls and parents must nw d mre t prepare children fr the emtinal minefield(雷区) they faced nline. And she said scial media cmpanies must als “take mre respnsibility”. They shuld either mnitr their websites better s that children d nt sign up t early, r they shuld adjust their websites t the needs f yunger users.
Javed Khan, f children's charity Barnard's, said: “It's vital that new cmpulsry age­apprpriate relatinship and sex educatin lessns in England shuld help equip children t deal with the grwing demands f scial media.”
It's als hugely imprtant fr parents t knw which apps their children are using.
( )12. Why did sme secndary schl students feel t much pressure?
A. They were nt prvided with adequate equipment.
B. They were nt well prepared fr emtinal risks.
C. They were required t give quick respnses.
D. They were prevented frm using mbile phnes.
( )13. Sme scial app cmpanies were t blame because ________.
A. they didn't adequately check their users' registratin
B. they rganized pht trips t attract mre yungsters
C. they encuraged yungsters t pst mre phts
D. they didn't stp yungsters frm staying up late
( )14. What shuld parents d t slve the prblem?
A. Cmmunicate mre with secndary schls.
B. Urge media cmpanies t create safer apps.
C. Keep track f children's use f scial media.
D. Frbid their children frm visiting the web.
( )15. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The influence f scial media n children.
B. The imprtance f scial media t children.
C. The prblem in building a healthy relatinship.
D. The measure t reduce risks frm scial media.
二、 精深练习。
(一) 写出下列句中画线词的中文释义。
1. Hw attached are yu t yur landline? ________
2. Mst f his adult life has been a__lsing__struggle against debt and misfrtune. ________
3. The bk turns ut t be ne that has appealed__t the wrld fr mre than 350 years. ________
4. Mst f us, in fact, prgressively narrw the variety f ur lives. ________
5. The reprt fund that yungsters felt their friendships culd be at risk if they did nt respnd t scial media psts quickly, and arund__the__clck．________
6. But what starts as fun usage f apps turns int tremendus pressure in real scial media interactin at secndary schl. ________
(二) 根据中文写出单词的正确形式。
1. ________ (激励) by heaven­knws­what mtives, he determines t write a bk.
2. The things we learn in ________ (成熟) seldm invlve infrmatin and skills.
3. We learn that hwever much we try t please, sme peple are never ging t lve us—an idea that trubles at first but is________ (最终) relaxing.
4. With high ________ (动机) and enthusiasm, we can keep n learning.
5. Tday, schlars have generated large amunts f ________ (有指导意义的) research abut restaurants.
6. Diners at bad tables—next t the kitchen dr, say—spent nearly as much as thers but sn ________ (逃走).
7. Children as yung as ten are becming ________ (依靠的，依赖的) n scial media fr their sense f self­wrth, a majr study warned.
8. It fund many yungsters(少年) nw measure their status by hw much public________ (同意，赞成) they get nline, ften thrugh “likes”．
(三) 长难句分析与翻译。
1. Age is naturally a factr(因素)—nly 58 percent f Generatin Ys still use landlines nw and then, cmpared t 84 percent f Baby Bmers wh've perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years.
[分析]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[翻译]____________________________________________________________
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2. Hwever, we can achieve meaning nly if we have made a cmmitment t smething larger than ur wn little egs(自我), whether t lved nes, t fellw humans, t wrk, r t sme mral cncept.
[分析]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[翻译]____________________________________________________________
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3. It can be cncluded that restaurant keepers need nt “be verly cncerned abut ‘bad’ tables”， given that they're prfitable.
[分析]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[翻译]____________________________________________________________
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基 础 题
一、
Passage 1
1—4 ABDC
1. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Deep dwn, I had always knwn that perfectin relies in n small part n endless hurs f meaningful practice.”可知，作者知道自己的失败是由于缺乏练习造成的。故选A。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“There's nthing ineffective abut this kind f learning in itself.”可知，作者认为网络资源在某种程度上是有一定帮助的。故选B。
3. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文 “Yu might becme as discuraged as I was. And if yur determinatin isn't strng enugh, yu might just give up halfway.”可推知，上文讲的是你的真正的能力和你错误的观点的不一致，会导致负面的影响。dissnance意为“不一致”，与D项意思相近。故选D。
4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And mst imprtantly, try nt t get caught up in the feel­gd act f watching.”可知，作者主要想向读者展示的是，尽量不要陷入自我感觉良好的观看中，观看并不能使你完美，要将观看和练习相结合。故选C。
Passage 2
5—8 ADCB
5. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They knw what they will get with a well branded prduct r service as prmised.”以及第二段中“A cmpany's brand is a prmise. It's a descriptin f the cmpany's character. T sme extent, it's a missin; it's hw the cmpany creates and delivers value.”可知，人们倾向于相信顶级品牌，是因为他们兑现了承诺。故选A。
6. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Successful brands meet varius challenges and cnsistently deliver n their prmises, which is hw they create brand value.”可知，作者认为品牌承诺是一个品牌成功的重要因素。故选D。
7. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中“And Virgin Atlantic's prmise ges a lt farther than seating passengers in its aircraft.”因此，Virgin Atlantic可能是一个航空公司。故选C。
8. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Smetimes a brand is memrable because f little things.”可以推断出，小事情可以让一个品牌令人难忘。故选B。
Passage 3
9—12 BACC
9. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was a way f encuraging cnsumerism and prductivity t increase prfits, and it succeeded.”可知，福特公司的举措的目的是鼓励消费和提高工作效率，进而提高效益。故选B。
10. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Until the Secnd Wrld War, it was cmmn fr ne persn in a family, usually the ldest male, t wrk full­time. Nw, wmen make up 42 percent f the wrld's full­time wrkfrce.”可知，二战之前每个家庭中一般是最年长的男性全职工作，而在那之后至今，越来越多的女性成为全职劳动力。故选A。
11. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“a seemingly endless cycle f hard wrk and cnsumptin”和“It's time t pause and cnsider better ways t live like shifting frm fssil­fueled lifestyles with which ur cnsumer­based wrkweeks are cnnected.”可知，努力工作和消费的循环应该改变。故选C。
12. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，新经济学基金会认为每周工作21个小时能够鼓励了人们享受生活。故选C。
二、 (一) 1. 很大程度上 2. 一贯地，始终如一地 3. 远非，远不及 4. 存储 5. 如果有什么的话 6. 解决
(二) 1. struck 2. descriptin 3. cmbined
4. memrable 5. shrtened 6. prductivity
7. previusly 8. seemingly
(三) 1. [分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中it为形式主语，“that we use them t … ”是真正的主语。
[翻译] 我们触手可及的在线资源种类繁多，我们自然会利用它们，通过“观看”它们来学习新技能。
2. [分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中as表“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；what引导表语从句同时充当从句的主语。
[翻译] 虽然它听起来很吸引人，但这不是真正意义上的“品牌”，当然也不是使这个品牌有价值的东西。
3. [分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中“with which ur cnsumer­based wrkweeks are cnnected”是介词＋which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词lifestyles。
[翻译] 该是停下来考虑更好的生活方式的时候了，比如从化石燃料的生活方式中解脱出来，这种生活方式将我们以消费者为基础的工作周联系在一起。
提 高 题
一、
Passage 1
1—4 BACB
1. B 段落大意题。根据第二段“These days yu'd be hard pressed t find anyne in Australia ver the age f 15 wh desn't wn a mbile phne. In fact plenty f yunger kids have ne in their pcket. Practically everyne can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.”可推知，本段主要说明手机在澳大利亚广受欢迎。故选B。
2. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Of thse Australians wh still have a landline”可知，这个调查的目标人群是仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人；根据下文“it's nt really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies”可知，很多人认为固定电话并不是必须拥有的，有些人保留固定电话只是为了防止紧急情况。从而推知，在调查中，他们应该是承认了固定电话的非必要性。由此推知，“cncede”意为“承认”，与A项意思相符。故选A。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“84 percent f Baby Bmers wh've perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years”以及第五段中“That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents”可推知，婴儿潮时代的人一直用固定电话。故选C。
4. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries？”可推知，本段使用类比的方式，煤气路灯以及早晨送牛奶已经被淘汰的例子，侧面说明了固定电话总有一天也会被废弃。故选B。
Passage 2
5—8 BDDA
5. B 推理判断题。第一段讲述塞万提斯一生不幸，负债累累，因为战争受伤左手残疾，同时还身陷囹圄，在53岁的时候决定写书，最终写出成名作《堂吉诃德》。根据下文可知，所有的困境都没有阻挡他的成功，年龄也是如此。故选B。
6. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“I'm nt talking abut thse wh fail t get t the tp. We can't all get there. I'm talking abut peple wh have stpped learning n grwing”可知，作者谈论的不是那些没有到达巅峰的人，而是谈论那些不再学习成长的人。由此可推知，run ut f steam意为“停止学习”。故选D。
7. D 推理判断题。根据第五段中“We learn t bear with the things we can't change. We learn t avid self­pity. We learn that hwever much we try t please, sme peple are never ging t lve us—an idea that trubles at first but is eventually relaxing.”可知，我们学会承受那些无法改变的事情，学会避免自怜，也学会了无论我们怎么去取悦别人，有些人是无法喜欢我们的，这个观点起初让我们苦恼，但是之后会让我们释怀。由此可推知，本段作者告诉我们要学会使用恰当的方式来对待生活。故选D。
8. A 写作意图题。本文讲述要成功，就需要不断地学习，这样的生活才会有意义，故作者的目的是指导我们过一个有意义的成年生活。故选A。
Passage 3
9—11 AAD
9. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“they culdn't tell hw much they'd had: thse given extra­large shares ate mre than everyne else”可知，在黑暗中，他们说不清自己吃了多少；再根据画线词下文“they didn't feel fuller, and they were just as ready fr dessert”可知，他们虽然吃得很多，但并没有感觉更饱，仍然在等着吃甜点，所以他们没有意识到自己吃多了。故选A。
10. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“One way t encurage custmers t stay and rder that extra rund: put n sme Mzart(莫扎特).”可知，要想让客人待的时间更长，应该播放莫扎特等古典音乐而不是流行音乐。故选A。
11. D 段落大意题。根据最后一段中“Meanwhile, things that yu might expect t discurage spending—‘bad’ tables, crwding, high prices—dn't necessarily.”可知，你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如：不好的桌子，拥挤以及高价等，不一定会真的影响人们的消费，然后依次举例进行了证明，所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误解。故选D。
Passage 4
12—15 BACA
12. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She said scial media firms were expsing children t majr emtinal risks, with sme yungsters starting secndary schl ill­equipped t cpe with the tremendus pressure they faced nline.”可知，一些社交媒体公司正将孩子们暴露于大的情绪风险下，他们还没有能力应付他们在网上面临的巨大压力。故选B。
13. A 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Sme scial apps were ppular amng the children even thugh they suppsedly require users t be at least 13.”可知，一些社交软件很受孩子们欢迎，尽管它们要求使用者的年龄不得低于13岁。言外之意，它们没有对孩子用于注册账户的年龄进行监管。故选A。
14. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It's als hugely imprtant fr parents t knw which apps their children are using.”可以推断出，父母应该追踪孩子对社交媒体的使用。故选C。
15. A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Children as yung as ten are becming dependent n scial media fr their sense f self­wrth, a majr study warned.”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍青少年变得越来越依赖社交媒体。再根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体对孩子的影响。故选A。
二、 (一) 1. 依恋的 2. 徒劳的努力 3. 引起……的兴趣 4. 逐步地 5. 夜以继日地 6. 巨大的
(二) 1. Driven 2. maturity 3. eventually 4. mtivatin
5. instructive 6. fled 7. dependent 8. apprval
(三) 1. [分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中“cmpared t …”是非谓语动词作状语；“wh've perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years”是定语从句，修饰先行词Baby Bmers.
[翻译] 年龄自然是一个因素——只有58%的Y一代仍然时不时地使用固定电话，相比之下，84%的婴儿潮一代的家庭电话号码可能已经50年没有变了。
2. [分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中nly if 引导条件状语从句；whether引导的是让步状语。
[翻译] 然而，无论是对亲人、对旁人、对工作，还是对某种道德观念，只有当我们做到超越自我之外，我们的生命才会有意义。
3. [分析] 本句为主从复合句。句中It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，given引导原因状语从句。
[翻译] 可以得出这样的结论：店主不需要过分担心“不好的”餐桌，因为它们也是有利可图的。