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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land测试题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land测试题，共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，5分，满分37，50 pp等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教（2019）版高中英语选择性必修第一册
Unit 5 Working the land
单元质量检测试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do first?
A. Go up one floor. B. Go to the bus stop. C. Go to the boy’s classroom.
2. What does the woman think of the medicine?
A. It doesn’t work. B. It makes her tired. C. It makes her have no appetite.
3. How many cookies did John eat?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Seven.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. On the plane. B. At a conference room. C. On the train.
5. Who might the man be?
A. A librarian. B. A student. C. A novelist.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman like about the new design?
A. The red walls. B. The new piano. C. The new floor.
7. What does the man want to do at the end?
A. Have a meal. B. Repair the piano. C. Listen to live music.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Travelling in France. B. Seeing a movie. C. Attending a party.
9. Who is the man speaking to?
A. His sister. B. His friend. C. An actress.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the man say about being a salesman?
A. He didn’t enjoy it. B. He wasn’t good at it. C. He was satisfied with it.
11. What kind of a person is the man according to the conversation?
A. Serious. B. Outgoing. C. Careful.
12. Where will the man work?
A. In Paris. B. In Chicago. C. In Los Angeles.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. How much does one Coke usually cost?
A. $1. B. $2. C. $6.
14. Why is the woman using so many special deals?
A. She only buys items on sale.
B. She is trying to save money.
C. She is a regular customer of the store.
15. What do we know about the man?
A. He works two jobs.
B. He can’t help the woman.
C. He is going to quit his job soon.
16. What does the man tell the woman to do?
A. Study business at Harvard.
B. Come by his company’s office.
C. Apply for a job at the grocery store.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. When did Fred McGill start the competition?
A. In 2014. B. In 2017. C. In 2018.
18. How many people took part in the competition this year?
A. At least 100. B. At least 120. C. At least 200.
19. Who is the competition intended for?
A. Students in music school. B. Teens with musical talents.C. Songwriters.
20. What will the audience do next?
A. Join the speaker on stage. B. Sing a song together. C. Listen to a song.
听力部分 1-5 CCAAB 6-10 CABAA 11-15 BCBBA 16-20 BACBC
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中选出最佳选项。
A
Top museum exhibits for kids
Early Learning City
This is a new hand-on, interactive exhibit that invites visitors to step into a comic-book-inspired New York City. Designed for children, the 1,500-square-foot exhibit is developed with experts to both teach parents about functions like self-control and working memory.
Tickets: adults $15 pp; kids (aged 2-6) $16.50 pp
Children’s Museum of Manhattan
The Nature of Color
This exhibit highlights colors all around us, woven so tightly into our lives that we rarely stop to question what they are and how they work. You may wonder where the colors in diamonds and rainbows come from, how some animals have benefited by evolving to stand out while others survive by blending up, and why some colors make us happy while others bring us down.
Tickets $39 pp; kids aged two and under are free
American Museum of Natural History
Survival: The Exhibition
The Exhibition is the world’s first and only traveling exhibit that provides practical, real-world and science-based techniques to prepare visitors of all ages for survival situations.
Tickets: adults $16 pp; kids $13 pp
New York Hall of Science
Animal Power
The exhibit is all about discovering wild animals and their unusual power. Kids get to explore five distinct habitats and try out various behaviors of different animals.
Tickets: adults $20 pp: kids $16pp
Liberty Science Center
21. Which of the following exhibits has the comic book atmosphere?
A. Early Learning City.
B. The Nature of Color.
C. Animal Power.
D. Survival: The Exhibition.
22. What can we learn from The Nature of Color?
A. The meanings of different colors.
B. The origin of different colors.
C. The way to survive in different colors.
D. Colors and their function.
23. How much should an adult with a kid pay to visit Survival: The Exhibition?
A. $39. B. $31.5. C. $29. D. $36.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个为孩子们准备的顶级博物馆展览。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Early Learning City”部分第一句“This is a new hand-on, interactive exhibit that invites visitors to step into a comic-book-inspired New York City.”（这是一个全新的、可亲身体验的、互动式的展览，邀请参观者走进漫画启发下的纽约市。）可知，“Early Learning City”有漫画书的氛围。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Nature of Color”部分第一句“This exhibit highlights colors all around us, woven so tightly into our lives that we rarely stop to question what they are and how they work. ”（这个展览突出了我们周围的各种颜色，它们与我们的生活紧密相连，以至于我们很少停下来去质疑它们是什么，它们是如何工作的。）可知，我们从“The Nature of Color”中可以了解颜色和它们的功能。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Survival: The Exhibition”部分“Tickets: adults $16 pp; kids $13 pp”（门票:成人16美元；孩子13美元）可知，一个带着一个孩子的成年人参观“Survival: The Exhibition”需要付29美元。故选C。
B
When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States, Grandma Moses should be mentioned, although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself , “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me”. No one could have had a more active old age．
She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927．
Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff (僵硬的) to sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death, she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of color and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it” she said．
24. What can we learn about Moses?
A. She stopped painting in her late seventies.
B. She still led an active life when she was old.
C. Her marriage life was not happy.
D. She painted oils as a child.
25. What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing?
A. Embroidering. B. Farming.
C. Nursing. D. Painting.
26. What does the underlined word “portrayals ” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Directions. B. Stages.
C. Surveys. D. Descriptions.
27. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A. Grandma Moses: the Best Woman Painter
B. Grandma Moses and Her Farm Life
C. Grandma Moses and Her Exhibition
D. Grandma Moses : A Famous Woman Painter of 20th Century
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲叙了20世纪美国著名的画家Grandma Moses的生平，介绍了她的作品和创作风格。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。第一段的最后No one could have had a more active old age．没有人的晚年能过得比 Moses更积极。可知，关于Moses我们能知道的是她老的时候仍然过着积极的生活。选项B切题，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。第二段的They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. 他们一生大部分时间都在耕种，先是在弗吉尼亚，然后是在纽约州，再是在鹰桥。可知，Grandma Moses一生绝大部分时间都在务农，选项B切题，故选B。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。第三段中的Between the 1930’s and her death, she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of color and form. 从20世纪30年代到去世，她创作了大约2000多副画：仔细而生动的描绘她所熟知很久的乡村生活，是色彩和形式感的奇妙结合。可知，画线词是对其画作的解读，画作反映其长期生活的乡村生活，所以画线词是（对乡村生活的）描述，选项D切题，故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。文章一开头When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States, Grandma Moses should be mentioned, although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. 当谈到美国最著名的20世纪画家，Grandma Moses应该被提及，虽然她直到七十多岁才开始绘画。可知，文章要介绍的是20世纪美国著名的画家Grandma Moses，这是一篇人物传记类记叙文，文章标题要反应文章主旨，选项D ：Grandma Moses：20世纪著名的女画家，为短文最佳标题，故选D。
C
Scientists in England are using two selfdirected water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the Celtic Sea.
The Celtic Sea is a body of water off the southern coast of Ireland. The area is known for its unusual sea life. Scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.
One of the research vehicles is powered by batteries (电池). It collects information for the National Oceanography Center in Southampton, England, and the World Wildlife Fund. The vehicle’s low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days. Reports of what it finds in the Celtic Sea are sent by satellite.
Stephen Woodward is an engineer who helped design the vehicle. He says the vehicle has equipment that can discover small organisms called zooplankton (浮游动物) and fish. He adds that other sensing equipment measures water currents and other features of sea life. The vehicle also creates a map of the sea.
Another vehicle is powered by the sun and the wind.It can stay floating on water for months. The robotic vehicle sends information about the socalled biodiversity hotspots. A biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity.
Lavinia Suberg is one of the scientists studying the Celtic Sea. She says productive ocean areas, like the Celtic Sea, attract zooplankton. The zooplankton then attracts fish. She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.
Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information. They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.
28. Why do the British scientists explore the Celtic Sea?
A. To study the geography of the sea. B. To learn why the sea is rich in sea life.
C. To test their selfdirected water vehicles. D. To learn about the sea creatures in the sea.
29. According to the text，the water vehicles ________.
A. are controlled directly by humans B. work depending on the map of the sea
C. can send the information back directly D. can keep floating on water for a long time
30. According to Lavinia Suberg, the sea mammals and birds ________.
A. are afraid of living alone B. mainly feed on zooplankton
C. like to live in warm ocean areas D. are especially interested in fish
31. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The aim of sea exploration. B. The cost of exploring the sea.
C. The importance of the water vehicles. D. Ways to deal with the collected information.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了英格兰的科学家们使用自导式水上交通工具探索凯尔特海海域的动植物的情况。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.(科学家们想知道为什么海洋生物被大西洋的这一区域所吸引)”可知，英国科学家研究该海域的目的是弄清为什么海洋生物被吸引到该海域。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The vehicle’s low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days. (该飞行器的低能量需求允许它在水上漂浮30天)”和第五段中的“It can stay floating on water for months. (它可以在水面上漂浮几个月)”可知，水上车辆都能在海中漂浮很久。故选D。
30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds. (她补充说，鱼类大量增加的地区通常会吸引海洋哺乳动物和鸟类)”可知，海洋哺乳动物和鸟类对鱼很感兴趣。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information. They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.(使用这些机器人海洋航行器大大降低了人工实验室探索海洋的成本。科学家可以花更多的时间分析收集到的信息。他们说，这项研究将使他们更好地了解凯尔特海未来管理和保护的需求)”可知，本段旨在介绍机器人式水上车辆在海底探索中的重要性。故选C。
D
On the weekend, you are in a crowded bar, trying to talk to a friend. The background noise forces up the volume of your own conversation, making you speak in louder, shorter bursts to be understood. “Do you want another beer?” “What?” “More beer?” “What?” “Beer?” “Yes.”
If it’s annoying to talk like that for a few hours on the weekend, imagine what it would be like to do it almost every day. That’s the situation that birds living near roads find themselves in.
In a study, biologist recorded bird songs in Rock Creek Park in Washington, DC. They found that birds especial the Eastern Wood-Pewee changed the way they sang when traffic rushed along on nearby roads.
When trying to sing as a track of traffic noise played in the background, the birds sang in shorter bursts, with less variation in frequencies, and a smaller bandwidth (带宽), attempting to make their voices heard over the noise. Unfortunately while they might be more easily heard over the traffic noise, other birds don’t seem to pay as much attention to the changed song whether it’s a mating call or a male defending its land.
But it’s not a permanent change. Just like you don’t yell at bar volumes over a Sunday dinner with your family, birds don’t keep to those volume and tone changes when the traffic noise disappears.
Rock Creek Park offers an interesting setting to the researchers studying this effect. The park closes down a main street, Beech Drive, on weekends from 7 am Saturday to 7 pm Sunday and only allows bikers and joggers to take over, giving the birds a break in the process.
During those times, the birds return to their song, which the authors said might provide a way forward for conservationists looking to preserve a bird population’s habitat.
While shutting down roads permanently would be impossible, the authors suggest that even short, temporary shutdowns should help songbirds find their voice again.
32. Why does the author describe the bar?
A. To recommend it to people.
B. To introduce the culture of beer.
C. To prove its popularity with drinkers.
D. To show the influence of noise on birds.
33. How does the Eastern Wood-Pewee sing in a noisy background?
A. They sing for a longer time.
B. They give a higher or lower call.
C. They keep the frequency almost the same.
D They enlarge their bandwidth of singing.
34. What will happen when birds change their way of singing?
A. They are often ignored by other birds.
B. They are mistaken for seeking a mate.
C. They are frightening away the enemies.
D. They are showing anger at human noise.
35. Why is Beach Drive closed down on weekends?
A. To find the way of shutting down road permanently.
B. To study the birds’ volume and tone changes.
C. To keep birds away from the dangerous area.
D. To provide people with a safe place
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了人类噪音会影响鸟儿唱歌方式这一现象和相关研究情况。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据二第自然段“If it’s annoying to talk like that for a few hours on the weekend, imagine what it would be like to do it almost every day. That’s the situation that birds living near roads find themselves in. (如果在周末用这样的方式聊上几个小时很烦人，想象一下如果每天都这样会是什么样子。这就是生活在道路附近的鸟类的处境)”可知，作者描述酒吧场景的目的是为了表明鸟类也一样，深受噪音影响。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四自然段“When trying to sing as a track of traffic noise played in the background, the birds sang in shorter bursts, with less variation in frequencies, (当试图在交通噪音的背景下唱歌时，鸟儿会发出更短的声音，频率变化更少)”可知，受到噪音影响后，鸟儿的声音频率很少变化。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Unfortunately while they might be more easily heard over the traffic noise, other birds don’t seem to pay as much attention to the changed song whether it’s a mating call or a male defending its land. (不幸的是，虽然它们可能更容易在交通噪音中被听到，但其他鸟类似乎不太注意这改变了的歌声，无论是求偶的叫声还是雄鸟保卫自己的领地)”可知，虽然改变了歌声，但它们还是不太会被注意到，容易被其他鸟儿忽视。故选A项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Just like you don’t yell at bar volumes over a Sunday dinner with your family, birds don’t keep to those volume and tone changes when the traffic noise disappears.”（就像周日和家人吃晚餐时，你不会以酒吧的音量大喊大叫一样，鸟儿也不会在交通噪音消失时保持音量和音调的变化。 ）和第六自然段“Rock Creek Park offers an interesting setting to the researchers studying this effect. The park closes down a main street, Beech Drive, on weekends from 7 am Saturday to 7 pm Sunday and only allows bikers and joggers to take over, giving the birds a break in the process. (石溪公园为研究这种效应的研究人员提供了一个有趣的环境。公园在周末从周六早上7点到周日晚上7点关闭了一条主要街道Beech Drive，只允许骑自行车和慢跑的人来接管，让鸟儿在这一过程中得到休息)”可知，周末关闭Beech Drive的目的是研究鸟类的音量和音调变化。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Road Trip Planning
There are so many things to consider when planning a road trip, especially if you want to make it a great one. Think about it, with what little vacation time we have these days, don’t you want your vacation to be the kind that you remember forever and talk about for years to come? ___36___ Here are some ways to approach all the information to help you plan your vacation.
Select Your Destination
First, you have to select a destination. There are many articles that include trip ideas, free road trip plans and tips about specific destinations.
___37___
This is where the FUN comes in! Road trip games are always a great idea, and the longer your trip is, the more you’ll enjoy them. Creating your own soundtrack (原声带) is another key to a fun road trip. Whenever you hear those songs long after your trip, they will bring memories flooding back and a smile to your face.
Pack for Your Trip
Before you go, you’ve got to figure out what to pack. This road trip planning guide covers every kind of trip from camping to family to Spring Break to romantic.___38___
Save Money
___39___ Not necessarily. Things can add up fast. The tips here will help you cut corners a little, making your vacation more affordable.
Maximize (使最大化) Your Travel Experience
Having traveled all over the world since I was a child, I’ve learned to get the most out of traveling.___40___ It’s an inner journey as well. Growing as a person while on a road trip or any kind of vacation is the best kind of souvenir (纪念品) to bring home.
Enjoy this road trip planning guide and get ready to plan your best road trip yet!
A. Prepare Some Games and Songs
B. Note Your Home and Road Safety
C. Travel is more than just going to a place.
D. I learned the hard way about planning, too.
E. However, without the right planning, that may not happen!
F. Some people might say “Isn’t a road trip itself cheap?”
G. There are also some tips about packing a suitcase and creating a packing list.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. G 39. F 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助计划公路旅行的方法。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Think about it, with what little vacation time we have these days, don’t you want your vacation to be the kind that you remember forever and talk about for years to come?(想想看，我们这些天有多么少的假期，难道你不想让你的假期成为你永远记得的那种，并在未来的几年里谈论它吗？)”及空后一句“这里有一些处理所有信息的方法，以帮助你计划你的假期”可知，空处承上启下，应是讲述要有一个成功的假期需要计划，E项“但是，如果没有正确的计划，那可能不会发生！”符合语境，E项中的“that”指代空前一句内容，故选E项。
【37题详解】
空处是段落小标题，根据本段中“Road trip games are always a great idea(公路旅行游戏总是一个好主意)”及“Creating your own soundtrack (原声带) is another key to a fun road trip.(创造你自己的原声带是另一个愉快的公路旅行的关键)”可知，本段主要讲述公路旅行中要有游戏和歌曲，A项“准备一些游戏和歌曲”符合语境，故选A项。
【38题详解】
空前一句“This road trip planning guide covers every kind of trip from camping to family to Spring Break to romantic.(这个公路旅行计划指南涵盖了从野营到家庭旅行到春游到浪漫的各种旅行)”是讲述旅行计划指南所涉及的内容，G项“还有一些关于打包行李箱和创建装箱单的提示”也是其内容，承接上文内容，符合语境，故选G项。
【39题详解】
根据段落小标题“Save Money”可知，本段是讲述旅行费用问题，会提到费用的高低，所以F项：有些人可能会说，“公路旅行本身不便宜吗？”符合文意，空后“Not necessarily.(不一定)”是对F项的回答，表示“公路旅行本身不一定是便宜的”，与下文“小贴士可以帮你省钱，让你的假期更实惠”衔接自然，故选F项。
【40题详解】
空前一句提到“自从孩童时期就去世界各地旅行，我已经学会了从旅行中得到最大的好处”，所以空处应是接着讲述旅行的好处，结合空后“它也是一种内心的旅行”可知，C项“旅行不仅仅是去一个地方”符合文意，故选C项。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace ___41___ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory ___42___ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ___43___ exploring it? That's a tale of ___44___ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was ___45___ of her passion for science. But she doubted how far she'd be able to ___46___ in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ___47___ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ___48___ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ___49___ . But she didn't ___50___ "I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity."
Then came another life-changing moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be ___51___ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ___52___ on the surface of Mars, it was ___53___ by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ___54___ .
Trujillo's own story is ___55___ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
41. A. astronaut B. pilot C. engineer D. guide
42. A. eager B. responsible C. concerned D. grateful
43. A. actually B. hardly C. precisely D. repeatedly
44. A. innocence B. kindness C. perseverance D. sympathy
45. A. certain B. tolerant C. afraid D. fond
46. A. respond B. rise C. invest D. apply
47. A. made up B. turned up C. picked up D. took up
48. A. measures B. activities C. jobs D. courses
49. A. studies B. purchases C. recreations D. trips
50. A. skip B. panic C. reform D. complain
51. A. applied B. admitted C. assigned D. introduced
52. A. originated B. sank C. landed D. waited
53. A. accompanied B. restricted C. enhanced D. teased
54. A. theory B. broadcast C. criticism D. performance
55. A. enterprise B. information C. competence D. proof
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Trujillo作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为了美国宇航局的工程师的故事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. astronaut 宇航员；B. pilot 飞行员；C. engineer 工程师；D. guide 指导；向导。根据下文“Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知她成为美国宇航局工程师，所以此处 表示她是航天“工程师”，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. eager 渴望的；B. responsible 负责任的；C. concerned 担心的；D. grateful 感激的。此空是前面laboratory的后置定语，根据句意以及选项意思，可知此处表示的是这个实验室的职责，be responsible for“负责……”，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo是如何从只是梦想着宇宙变成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A. actually 事实上；B. hardly 几乎不；C. precisely 准确地；D. repeatedly 重复地。此空对应了此句中的“dreaming about”，要表示的是“从梦想变成了现实”，在现实中真正的探索宇宙。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一个写在星空中的有关毅力的故事。A. innocence 无辜；无罪；B. kindness 善良；C. perseverance 毅力；D. sympathy 同情。根据文章开头“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.”可知对于一个女孩要进入美国宇航局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了，结合选项，所以此处表达她的整个经历是一个关于毅力和坚持的故事。当然通读文章，下文对于女孩故事的介绍，也可知道她的成长经历是一个有关毅力的故事，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，尽管她还是个小女孩，但她肯定自己对科学的热情。A. certain 确信的；B. tolerant 容忍的；宽容的；C. afraid 害怕的；担心的；D. fond 喜爱的。根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it? ”可知她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even，所以此处表达甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她不确定自己在一个男性主导的领域地位能提高多少。A. respond 回应；B. rise 上升；地位提高；C. invest 投资；投入；D. apply 申请；应用。根据空后“in a male-dominated field”在男性主导的领域，结合句意以及选项，可知此处表达在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知道的努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时只有17岁，她接受了这个提议。A. made up 编造；B. turned up 出现；调大；C. picked up 捡起；学会；D. took up 接受（建议或主意）；占据。上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”她爸爸提出送她去迈阿密，下文“Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade College.”提到她去迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo做了一系列家务活，让自己读完了迈阿密戴德学院。A. measures 措施；B. activities 活动；C. jobs 工作；D. courses 课程。根据空前定语housekeeping，以及此句句意，可知，此处表达她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作，挣钱让自己完成学业，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她打扫浴室以帮助她完成学业。A. studies 学习；研究；B. purchases 购买的东西；C. recreations 休闲活动；D. trips 旅行。上题分析提到她做家务帮助她读完大学，结合选项，所以此处表示她打扫浴室帮助她完成学业，故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有抱怨，她把一切都看成是一个机会。A. skip 略过；B. panic 惊慌；C. reform 改革；D. complain 抱怨。上题分析中提到为了完成学业，她要做家务，打扫浴室，此句用到转折词“but”，以及空后“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity”她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以此处表达，尽管学习完成不易，但是她不抱怨，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为第一个被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙女性。A. applied 申请；应用；B. admitted 承认；准许……进入；C. assigned 分配；分派；D. introduced 介绍。上文“Then came another life-changing moment.”接着又是一个改变人生的时刻，所以此处表示她被美国宇航局学院录取，这是它人生的转折点，be admitted to“被……录取”，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. originated 起源；B. sank 下沉；C. landed 降落；着陆；D. waited 等待。根据此空的主语，空后地点状语以及选项，可知此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. accompanied 陪伴；伴随；B. restricted 限制；C. enhanced 增强；D. teased 取笑；戏弄。结合上题分析以及句意和选项，可知此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见第12题。A. theory 理论；B. broadcast 广播节目；C. criticism 批评；D. performance 表演；表现。结合上面两题分析以及选项可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解说，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo自己的故事证明，越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星星的人。A. enterprise 公司；B. information 信息；C. competence 能力；胜任；D. proof 证据；证明。此空后that引导同位语从句，解释说明此空名词的内容，根据句意和选项，此处表示她的故事是一种证明，表明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近宇宙的人，故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。
Two new satellites of the Bei Dou Navigation (导航) Satellite System (BDS)___56___(send) into space from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province on November 19, 2018.
The satellites entered the orbit___57___(safe) more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS-3 satellites already in space. They are also the 42nd and 43rd___58___(member) of the BDS satellite family. China launched these satellites with___59___aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions___60___participate in the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议） by the end of 2018. This is a key step for BDS developing___61___a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a___62___(globe) navigation system. The positioning___63___(accurate) of the BDS-3 system has been improved to 5 meters.___64___(name) after the Chinese term for the Plough（北斗七星），the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years. The system is expected ___65___(provide) first-class servlces around the globe by the end of 2020.
【答案】
56. were sent
57. safely 58. members
59. the 60. which/that
61. from 62. global
53. accuracy
64. Named 65. to provide
【解析】
【分析】本文属于新闻，介绍中国发射了北斗导航卫星系统的两颗新的卫星。
【56题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语on November 19 ,2018可知，本句要用一般过去时;send"发送"与句子主语Two new satellites of the BeiDou Navigation(导航) Satellite System ( BDS)是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态;且主语中心词是复数名词satellites,故谓语动词用复数形式，故用were sent。
【57题详解】
考查副词。本空修饰句子的谓语动词entered,故要用副词safely"安全地"。
【58题详解】
考查名词的数。根据前面的"the 42nd and 43rd"可知，此处为复数概念，故用members。
59题详解】
考查冠词。 with the aim of"目的是"为固定搭配，故用the。
【60题详解】
考察定语从句。participate in the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议） by the end of 2018为定语从句修饰先行词countries and regions，从句缺乏主语，故用that或者which。
【61题详解】
考查介词。 根据空后" a Chinese experimental system to a regional.. navigation system"可知，此处表示”从一个中国的试验性系统到地区性导航系统再到全球导航系统"，故用from与to构成from... to... 从...…到...…，故用from。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。 修饰名词navigation system应用形容词global"全球"，故用global。
【63题详解】
考查名词。根据空前的The positioning 和空后的 of可知,本空应填名词作主语，accuracy"精确性，准确性"，故用accuracy。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本空应填非谓语动词, name在此是动词，意为"给...…命名"，与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词Named。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。 根据sb./sth be expected to do sth."某人/某物被期望做某事"搭配可知，本空填不定式，故用to provide。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66.高考即将到来，为缓解考生的压力，你校英文报现征求应对压力的有效办法，请你结合自己的经历，写一篇短文投稿。要点包括：
1. 压力的影响。
2. 如何有效缓解压力。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
书面表达【答案】
With the approach of the College Entrance Examination, we senior three students are under great pressure. It is acknowledged that a certain degree of stress is beneficial to us, but too much stress is certainly harmful.
As for me, there was a time when I had had great pressure, which greatly affected my life and study. I couldn't fall asleep at night and I often woke up suddenly at midnight. As a result, I had great difficulty focusing on what the teacher said in class and it disturbed me a lot. At a loss, I went to the teachers for some advice on how to cope with pressure.
First of all, we should face the pressure appropriately. Pressure is inevitable in our daily life, so we can’t be afraid of it and try our best to cope with them. Secondly, tell our pressure to others. Talking is a very effective way to ease pressure, and during the talking, we may get some suggestions and solutions. Finally, trust ourselves. We are supposed to believe in ourselves that we can deal with any problems.
I found them beneficial to my study, and it is my hope that everyone can reduce too much stress and live a relaxed happy life.
第二节（满分25分）
67.. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Henry returned home on the evening of February 3,2018, teary-eyed and exhausted. The 33-year-old professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaii’s Waimea Bay (夏威夷威美亚湾) to the other while wildly scanning the water to look for his “baby” ,but in vain. By then, night had started to fall.
At home, Henry took his search online. “I was surfing tonight and lost my baby,” he wrote on Facebook. That "baby" was a blue surfboard that had been made for him. Hours earlier, the crash of a big wave had separated Henry from this prized possession.
“I caught the biggest waves of my life on that board,” Henry later said. “That’s why it means so much to me.” He hoped it would wash ashore and that whoever spotted it would have also seen his Facebook post. But the currents of Waimea Bay swept it out to sea, away from the Hawaiian Islands.
Weeks passed with no sign of the surfboard, so he saved for months and decided to buy a new one.
But Henry never completely forgot about the board, which- six months after and more than 5 ,000 miles away from where it disappeared-floated by the remote island of Sarangani in the southern Philippines(菲律宾).The local fisherman found it and sold the board to Bran. He was a teacher in a poorly-equipped elementary school, and hoped to learn to surf and one day share the skill with his students. He bought Henry’s surfboard for $40.
The once-blue board had faded to a pale straw color during its journey, but its distinctive markings were still there. Underneath the markings were the words “Henry, Hawaii.” Realizing how far the surfboard had traveled, Bran was astonished. He was searching for relevant information on the Internet when Henry’s post caught his attention.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相位位置作答。
Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran’s school.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board. The moment Henry saw the photos, despite the faded color, he recognized his “baby”. Henry was amazed to learn that his “baby” had drifted across the ocean and survived. Without delay, he reached out to Bran. Much to his surprise, Bran was also enthusiastic about surfing. The happy coincidence made him determine to buy Bran a brand-new surfboard.What surprised him most were Bran’s poor school conditions, which fueled him to help them. To convey his gratitude, Henry decided to fly to the Philippines with some backpacks and books as well as the new board.
With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran’s school. On his arrival, he caught sight of Bran, with the boanl beside him. Seeing his beloved board, Henry was overjoyed to recover it. Overwhelmingly grateful, he gave Bran a big hug. Henry showed the brand-new board prepared for him and offered to teach him to surf. Later, they handed out the backpacks and books to the students, who were extremely pleased and exclaimed in delight. It dawned on Henry that every act of kindness could make a great difference and brighten the world.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Henry心爱的冲浪板在夏威夷的海滩遗失，在经过六个月的寻找之后在菲律宾的萨兰加尼岛被Bran所得到。在经过联系后，Henry前往菲律宾拿回来自己的冲浪板并且帮助了Bran。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Bran在线联系了Henry，并给他发了冲浪板的照片。”可知，第一段可描写当Henry看到冲浪板之后，一眼就认出了这是他心爱的冲浪板。当Henry看到Bran那边糟糕的条件，然后决定带上一些学习用品前往菲律宾。
②由第二段首句内容“带着学习用品和新的冲浪板，Henry去了Bran的学校。”可知，第二段可描写两个人见面后激动的心情。Henry将带来的学习用品分发给Bran的同学们，大家都非常高兴。
2.续写线索：收到信件——Henry认出冲浪板——带上学习用品前往菲律宾——两人在学校门口见面——分发学习用品——领悟感受
3.词类激活
行为类
①表达：convey/express
②展示：show/present
③分发：hand out/distribute
情感类
①惊讶的：amazed/surprised
②高兴的：overjoyed/ecstatic
【点睛】[高分句型1] What surprised him most were Bran’s poor school conditions, which fueled him to help them. (运用了what引导的主语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Later, they handed out the backpacks and books to the students, who were extremely pleased and exclaimed in delight. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力原文
Text 1
W: Can I put my books in your classroom for now? I don’t have time to go back up a floor and still make it to the bus on time.
M: Sure. That way, we can go down together and sit beside each other on the bus. (1)
Text 2
M: How is the medicine I gave you working out? Sometimes it doesn’t work, or makes people tired.
W: It works fine. My only complaint is that I don’t feel like eating anything. (2)
Text 3
W: John, please save the rest of the cookies for your sister. I made ten cookies. There are only three left.
M: I didn’t eat them all! Dad had four! (3)
Text 4
M: Lucky you! You got the window seat!
W: Why don’t we change places? I prefer to get up and walk around during the flight. Here, come rest by the window. (4) It’s going to be a big conference. You’ve been looking tired since the meeting yesterday.
Text 5
W: Hi. Are all novels in the fiction section, even new arrivals? I’m looking for something by a new novelist.
M: I’m not sure. I just came here to study. (5)
W: Sorry to bother you. I thought you were a librarian!
Text 6
M: Thanks for meeting me here.
W: Yeah, it’s just like old times. But the place looks really different. (6)
M: They gave it a new look. What do you think?
W: The black and white floor is really nice. (6) But I miss the piano by the front entrance.
M: The piano is still here. They got it repaired and moved it into the dining room. There’s jazz every Saturday now.
W: Oh, cool! We’ll have to come back. I have to say I love the old design, with the red walls. But live music is a great addition.
M: Let’s see if the food is just as good now as it was then. What are you going to order? (7)
Text 7
W: Bill, please. You’re annoying the people behind us!
M: I can’t help it! These actors are so funny! I haven’t laughed this hard for a long time.
W: During the second half, you’ll need to be a lot quieter.
M: OK. OK. Hey, what’s wrong? Were you crying?
W: I didn’t find that scene funny. It reminded me of a fight I had with my friend Sarah on a trip to France. I haven’t spoken to Sarah since then. It was a lot like what we just saw, when the characters were at that dinner party.
M: The disagreement we saw on stage was full of humor and affection. I can see you really care about Sarah. You should give her a call. You’re as stubborn as Dad! (9)
W: I really miss Sarah!
M: After the play, why don’t you call her?
Text 8
W: Thanks for coming to the studio today, Mr. Larson. Why don’t you tell me about your last position?
M: Well, I started working at Smith Electronics in Chicago right after I graduated from college. I was in the sales department, and even though I was good at it, I wasn’t really happy. (10) After one year, I was moved to the HR department.
W: Was that a better fit?
M: Yes. I prefer talking to people face-to-face, and I enjoy solving problems. I did quite well in that position. (11)
W: So, why did you leave?
M: I had been working at Smith for four years straight. Then I wanted to take some time off, so I went to Paris. My three-week vacation turned into a two-year stay!
W: Wow! What made you come back to the United States? And why is it a good time for you to join Branson Labs?
M: When my father started Branson Labs here in Los Angeles forty years ago, he wanted to pass it down to me. At my graduation dinner, I promised him that I would take over when the time was right. I’m finally ready to make good on that promise. (12)
Text 9
W: I have a special deal that says three drinks for the price of one. I printed it from your website, see? So, those three Cokes should only cost me $2, not $6. (13)
M: Oh, I didn’t know about the deal. My mistake. I’ll adjust that right now.
W: I also have special deals for the soup, bread, and sandwich meat. They should all be cheaper.
M: For some reason, our system doesn’t show the deals when the item is scanned. I’ll have to type in the special deals by hand. One moment.
W: Thanks. I need to save all the money I can. (14) I just got laid off.
M: I’m sorry to hear that, Miss.
W: I went to Harvard and studied business. I never thought I’d be out of work when I graduated.
M: I also work as an accountant for a technology company. (15) We are looking to hire some new accountants in various positions.
W: Really? Wow, I guess it’s a good thing I complained to you about getting fired.
M: Why don’t you come by the company office? (16) It’s at 3300 Main Street. How does 1:00 p.m. tomorrow sound?
W: Sounds great. I’ll see you then, and thank you for the opportunity!
I just got laid off.
Text 10
Ladies and gentlemen, I’m pleased to announce the winner of the 2018 song-writing competition. (17) As you probably know, every year, young songwriters from our town enter our annual spring competition held here in the beautiful Brook Theater. (19) When local musician Fred McGill started the event four years ago, (17) we had no idea how much it would grow. In 2017, over 100 people sent in their songs. This year the number of people who participated doubled. (18) It’s wonderful to see the talent and energy of the next generation. Our judges were amazed by the musical skills they saw and heard. Congratulations to all the teenagers who sent in their songs. It was a difficult choice, but our committee has made a selection. Let’s clap our hands for Maryanne James! Maryanne, where are you? Please join me on stage! (19) There she is! Maryanne, we loved the way you sang about everything from the colors of your garden to the eyes of children. Please accept this prize. We hope it encourages you to continue writing songs when you start music school in the fall. Finally, we’d like to ask you to perform a song for our audience. (20)
人教（2019）版高中英语选择性必修第一册
Unit 5 Working the land
单元质量检测试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do first?
A. Go up one floor. B. Go to the bus stop. C. Go to the boy’s classroom.
2. What does the woman think of the medicine?
A. It doesn’t work. B. It makes her tired. C. It makes her have no appetite.
3. How many cookies did John eat?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Seven.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. On the plane. B. At a conference room. C. On the train.
5. Who might the man be?
A. A librarian. B. A student. C. A novelist.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman like about the new design?
A. The red walls. B. The new piano. C. The new floor.
7. What does the man want to do at the end?
A. Have a meal. B. Repair the piano. C. Listen to live music.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Travelling in France. B. Seeing a movie. C. Attending a party.
9. Who is the man speaking to?
A. His sister. B. His friend. C. An actress.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the man say about being a salesman?
A. He didn’t enjoy it. B. He wasn’t good at it. C. He was satisfied with it.
11. What kind of a person is the man according to the conversation?
A. Serious. B. Outgoing. C. Careful.
12. Where will the man work?
A. In Paris. B. In Chicago. C. In Los Angeles.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. How much does one Coke usually cost?
A. $1. B. $2. C. $6.
14. Why is the woman using so many special deals?
A. She only buys items on sale.
B. She is trying to save money.
C. She is a regular customer of the store.
15. What do we know about the man?
A. He works two jobs.
B. He can’t help the woman.
C. He is going to quit his job soon.
16. What does the man tell the woman to do?
A. Study business at Harvard.
B. Come by his company’s office.
C. Apply for a job at the grocery store.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. When did Fred McGill start the competition?
A. In 2014. B. In 2017. C. In 2018.
18. How many people took part in the competition this year?
A. At least 100. B. At least 120. C. At least 200.
19. Who is the competition intended for?
A. Students in music school. B. Teens with musical talents.C. Songwriters.
20. What will the audience do next?
A. Join the speaker on stage. B. Sing a song together. C. Listen to a song.
听力部分 1-5 CCAAB 6-10 CABAA 11-15 BCBBA 16-20 BACBC
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中选出最佳选项。
A
Top museum exhibits for kids
Early Learning City
This is a new hand-on, interactive exhibit that invites visitors to step into a comic-book-inspired New York City. Designed for children, the 1,500-square-foot exhibit is developed with experts to both teach parents about functions like self-control and working memory.
Tickets: adults $15 pp; kids (aged 2-6) $16.50 pp
Children’s Museum of Manhattan
The Nature of Color
This exhibit highlights colors all around us, woven so tightly into our lives that we rarely stop to question what they are and how they work. You may wonder where the colors in diamonds and rainbows come from, how some animals have benefited by evolving to stand out while others survive by blending up, and why some colors make us happy while others bring us down.
Tickets $39 pp; kids aged two and under are free
American Museum of Natural History
Survival: The Exhibition
The Exhibition is the world’s first and only traveling exhibit that provides practical, real-world and science-based techniques to prepare visitors of all ages for survival situations.
Tickets: adults $16 pp; kids $13 pp
New York Hall of Science
Animal Power
The exhibit is all about discovering wild animals and their unusual power. Kids get to explore five distinct habitats and try out various behaviors of different animals.
Tickets: adults $20 pp: kids $16pp
Liberty Science Center
21. Which of the following exhibits has the comic book atmosphere?
A. Early Learning City.
B. The Nature of Color.
C. Animal Power.
D. Survival: The Exhibition.
22. What can we learn from The Nature of Color?
A. The meanings of different colors.
B. The origin of different colors.
C. The way to survive in different colors.
D. Colors and their function.
23. How much should an adult with a kid pay to visit Survival: The Exhibition?
A. $39. B. $31.5. C. $29. D. $36.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个为孩子们准备的顶级博物馆展览。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Early Learning City”部分第一句“This is a new hand-on, interactive exhibit that invites visitors to step into a comic-book-inspired New York City.”（这是一个全新的、可亲身体验的、互动式的展览，邀请参观者走进漫画启发下的纽约市。）可知，“Early Learning City”有漫画书的氛围。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Nature of Color”部分第一句“This exhibit highlights colors all around us, woven so tightly into our lives that we rarely stop to question what they are and how they work. ”（这个展览突出了我们周围的各种颜色，它们与我们的生活紧密相连，以至于我们很少停下来去质疑它们是什么，它们是如何工作的。）可知，我们从“The Nature of Color”中可以了解颜色和它们的功能。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Survival: The Exhibition”部分“Tickets: adults $16 pp; kids $13 pp”（门票:成人16美元；孩子13美元）可知，一个带着一个孩子的成年人参观“Survival: The Exhibition”需要付29美元。故选C。
B
When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States, Grandma Moses should be mentioned, although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself , “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me”. No one could have had a more active old age．
She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927．
Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff (僵硬的) to sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death, she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of color and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it” she said．
24. What can we learn about Moses?
A. She stopped painting in her late seventies.
B. She still led an active life when she was old.
C. Her marriage life was not happy.
D. She painted oils as a child.
25. What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing?
A. Embroidering. B. Farming.
C. Nursing. D. Painting.
26. What does the underlined word “portrayals ” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Directions. B. Stages.
C. Surveys. D. Descriptions.
27. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A. Grandma Moses: the Best Woman Painter
B. Grandma Moses and Her Farm Life
C. Grandma Moses and Her Exhibition
D. Grandma Moses : A Famous Woman Painter of 20th Century
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲叙了20世纪美国著名的画家Grandma Moses的生平，介绍了她的作品和创作风格。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。第一段的最后No one could have had a more active old age．没有人的晚年能过得比 Moses更积极。可知，关于Moses我们能知道的是她老的时候仍然过着积极的生活。选项B切题，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。第二段的They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. 他们一生大部分时间都在耕种，先是在弗吉尼亚，然后是在纽约州，再是在鹰桥。可知，Grandma Moses一生绝大部分时间都在务农，选项B切题，故选B。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。第三段中的Between the 1930’s and her death, she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of color and form. 从20世纪30年代到去世，她创作了大约2000多副画：仔细而生动的描绘她所熟知很久的乡村生活，是色彩和形式感的奇妙结合。可知，画线词是对其画作的解读，画作反映其长期生活的乡村生活，所以画线词是（对乡村生活的）描述，选项D切题，故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。文章一开头When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States, Grandma Moses should be mentioned, although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. 当谈到美国最著名的20世纪画家，Grandma Moses应该被提及，虽然她直到七十多岁才开始绘画。可知，文章要介绍的是20世纪美国著名的画家Grandma Moses，这是一篇人物传记类记叙文，文章标题要反应文章主旨，选项D ：Grandma Moses：20世纪著名的女画家，为短文最佳标题，故选D。
C
Scientists in England are using two selfdirected water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the Celtic Sea.
The Celtic Sea is a body of water off the southern coast of Ireland. The area is known for its unusual sea life. Scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.
One of the research vehicles is powered by batteries (电池). It collects information for the National Oceanography Center in Southampton, England, and the World Wildlife Fund. The vehicle’s low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days. Reports of what it finds in the Celtic Sea are sent by satellite.
Stephen Woodward is an engineer who helped design the vehicle. He says the vehicle has equipment that can discover small organisms called zooplankton (浮游动物) and fish. He adds that other sensing equipment measures water currents and other features of sea life. The vehicle also creates a map of the sea.
Another vehicle is powered by the sun and the wind.It can stay floating on water for months. The robotic vehicle sends information about the socalled biodiversity hotspots. A biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity.
Lavinia Suberg is one of the scientists studying the Celtic Sea. She says productive ocean areas, like the Celtic Sea, attract zooplankton. The zooplankton then attracts fish. She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.
Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information. They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.
28. Why do the British scientists explore the Celtic Sea?
A. To study the geography of the sea. B. To learn why the sea is rich in sea life.
C. To test their selfdirected water vehicles. D. To learn about the sea creatures in the sea.
29. According to the text，the water vehicles ________.
A. are controlled directly by humans B. work depending on the map of the sea
C. can send the information back directly D. can keep floating on water for a long time
30. According to Lavinia Suberg, the sea mammals and birds ________.
A. are afraid of living alone B. mainly feed on zooplankton
C. like to live in warm ocean areas D. are especially interested in fish
31. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The aim of sea exploration. B. The cost of exploring the sea.
C. The importance of the water vehicles. D. Ways to deal with the collected information.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了英格兰的科学家们使用自导式水上交通工具探索凯尔特海海域的动植物的情况。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.(科学家们想知道为什么海洋生物被大西洋的这一区域所吸引)”可知，英国科学家研究该海域的目的是弄清为什么海洋生物被吸引到该海域。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The vehicle’s low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days. (该飞行器的低能量需求允许它在水上漂浮30天)”和第五段中的“It can stay floating on water for months. (它可以在水面上漂浮几个月)”可知，水上车辆都能在海中漂浮很久。故选D。
30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds. (她补充说，鱼类大量增加的地区通常会吸引海洋哺乳动物和鸟类)”可知，海洋哺乳动物和鸟类对鱼很感兴趣。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information. They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.(使用这些机器人海洋航行器大大降低了人工实验室探索海洋的成本。科学家可以花更多的时间分析收集到的信息。他们说，这项研究将使他们更好地了解凯尔特海未来管理和保护的需求)”可知，本段旨在介绍机器人式水上车辆在海底探索中的重要性。故选C。
D
On the weekend, you are in a crowded bar, trying to talk to a friend. The background noise forces up the volume of your own conversation, making you speak in louder, shorter bursts to be understood. “Do you want another beer?” “What?” “More beer?” “What?” “Beer?” “Yes.”
If it’s annoying to talk like that for a few hours on the weekend, imagine what it would be like to do it almost every day. That’s the situation that birds living near roads find themselves in.
In a study, biologist recorded bird songs in Rock Creek Park in Washington, DC. They found that birds especial the Eastern Wood-Pewee changed the way they sang when traffic rushed along on nearby roads.
When trying to sing as a track of traffic noise played in the background, the birds sang in shorter bursts, with less variation in frequencies, and a smaller bandwidth (带宽), attempting to make their voices heard over the noise. Unfortunately while they might be more easily heard over the traffic noise, other birds don’t seem to pay as much attention to the changed song whether it’s a mating call or a male defending its land.
But it’s not a permanent change. Just like you don’t yell at bar volumes over a Sunday dinner with your family, birds don’t keep to those volume and tone changes when the traffic noise disappears.
Rock Creek Park offers an interesting setting to the researchers studying this effect. The park closes down a main street, Beech Drive, on weekends from 7 am Saturday to 7 pm Sunday and only allows bikers and joggers to take over, giving the birds a break in the process.
During those times, the birds return to their song, which the authors said might provide a way forward for conservationists looking to preserve a bird population’s habitat.
While shutting down roads permanently would be impossible, the authors suggest that even short, temporary shutdowns should help songbirds find their voice again.
32. Why does the author describe the bar?
A. To recommend it to people.
B. To introduce the culture of beer.
C. To prove its popularity with drinkers.
D. To show the influence of noise on birds.
33. How does the Eastern Wood-Pewee sing in a noisy background?
A. They sing for a longer time.
B. They give a higher or lower call.
C. They keep the frequency almost the same.
D They enlarge their bandwidth of singing.
34. What will happen when birds change their way of singing?
A. They are often ignored by other birds.
B. They are mistaken for seeking a mate.
C. They are frightening away the enemies.
D. They are showing anger at human noise.
35. Why is Beach Drive closed down on weekends?
A. To find the way of shutting down road permanently.
B. To study the birds’ volume and tone changes.
C. To keep birds away from the dangerous area.
D. To provide people with a safe place
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了人类噪音会影响鸟儿唱歌方式这一现象和相关研究情况。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据二第自然段“If it’s annoying to talk like that for a few hours on the weekend, imagine what it would be like to do it almost every day. That’s the situation that birds living near roads find themselves in. (如果在周末用这样的方式聊上几个小时很烦人，想象一下如果每天都这样会是什么样子。这就是生活在道路附近的鸟类的处境)”可知，作者描述酒吧场景的目的是为了表明鸟类也一样，深受噪音影响。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四自然段“When trying to sing as a track of traffic noise played in the background, the birds sang in shorter bursts, with less variation in frequencies, (当试图在交通噪音的背景下唱歌时，鸟儿会发出更短的声音，频率变化更少)”可知，受到噪音影响后，鸟儿的声音频率很少变化。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Unfortunately while they might be more easily heard over the traffic noise, other birds don’t seem to pay as much attention to the changed song whether it’s a mating call or a male defending its land. (不幸的是，虽然它们可能更容易在交通噪音中被听到，但其他鸟类似乎不太注意这改变了的歌声，无论是求偶的叫声还是雄鸟保卫自己的领地)”可知，虽然改变了歌声，但它们还是不太会被注意到，容易被其他鸟儿忽视。故选A项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Just like you don’t yell at bar volumes over a Sunday dinner with your family, birds don’t keep to those volume and tone changes when the traffic noise disappears.”（就像周日和家人吃晚餐时，你不会以酒吧的音量大喊大叫一样，鸟儿也不会在交通噪音消失时保持音量和音调的变化。 ）和第六自然段“Rock Creek Park offers an interesting setting to the researchers studying this effect. The park closes down a main street, Beech Drive, on weekends from 7 am Saturday to 7 pm Sunday and only allows bikers and joggers to take over, giving the birds a break in the process. (石溪公园为研究这种效应的研究人员提供了一个有趣的环境。公园在周末从周六早上7点到周日晚上7点关闭了一条主要街道Beech Drive，只允许骑自行车和慢跑的人来接管，让鸟儿在这一过程中得到休息)”可知，周末关闭Beech Drive的目的是研究鸟类的音量和音调变化。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Road Trip Planning
There are so many things to consider when planning a road trip, especially if you want to make it a great one. Think about it, with what little vacation time we have these days, don’t you want your vacation to be the kind that you remember forever and talk about for years to come? ___36___ Here are some ways to approach all the information to help you plan your vacation.
Select Your Destination
First, you have to select a destination. There are many articles that include trip ideas, free road trip plans and tips about specific destinations.
___37___
This is where the FUN comes in! Road trip games are always a great idea, and the longer your trip is, the more you’ll enjoy them. Creating your own soundtrack (原声带) is another key to a fun road trip. Whenever you hear those songs long after your trip, they will bring memories flooding back and a smile to your face.
Pack for Your Trip
Before you go, you’ve got to figure out what to pack. This road trip planning guide covers every kind of trip from camping to family to Spring Break to romantic.___38___
Save Money
___39___ Not necessarily. Things can add up fast. The tips here will help you cut corners a little, making your vacation more affordable.
Maximize (使最大化) Your Travel Experience
Having traveled all over the world since I was a child, I’ve learned to get the most out of traveling.___40___ It’s an inner journey as well. Growing as a person while on a road trip or any kind of vacation is the best kind of souvenir (纪念品) to bring home.
Enjoy this road trip planning guide and get ready to plan your best road trip yet!
A. Prepare Some Games and Songs
B. Note Your Home and Road Safety
C. Travel is more than just going to a place.
D. I learned the hard way about planning, too.
E. However, without the right planning, that may not happen!
F. Some people might say “Isn’t a road trip itself cheap?”
G. There are also some tips about packing a suitcase and creating a packing list.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. G 39. F 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助计划公路旅行的方法。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Think about it, with what little vacation time we have these days, don’t you want your vacation to be the kind that you remember forever and talk about for years to come?(想想看，我们这些天有多么少的假期，难道你不想让你的假期成为你永远记得的那种，并在未来的几年里谈论它吗？)”及空后一句“这里有一些处理所有信息的方法，以帮助你计划你的假期”可知，空处承上启下，应是讲述要有一个成功的假期需要计划，E项“但是，如果没有正确的计划，那可能不会发生！”符合语境，E项中的“that”指代空前一句内容，故选E项。
【37题详解】
空处是段落小标题，根据本段中“Road trip games are always a great idea(公路旅行游戏总是一个好主意)”及“Creating your own soundtrack (原声带) is another key to a fun road trip.(创造你自己的原声带是另一个愉快的公路旅行的关键)”可知，本段主要讲述公路旅行中要有游戏和歌曲，A项“准备一些游戏和歌曲”符合语境，故选A项。
【38题详解】
空前一句“This road trip planning guide covers every kind of trip from camping to family to Spring Break to romantic.(这个公路旅行计划指南涵盖了从野营到家庭旅行到春游到浪漫的各种旅行)”是讲述旅行计划指南所涉及的内容，G项“还有一些关于打包行李箱和创建装箱单的提示”也是其内容，承接上文内容，符合语境，故选G项。
【39题详解】
根据段落小标题“Save Money”可知，本段是讲述旅行费用问题，会提到费用的高低，所以F项：有些人可能会说，“公路旅行本身不便宜吗？”符合文意，空后“Not necessarily.(不一定)”是对F项的回答，表示“公路旅行本身不一定是便宜的”，与下文“小贴士可以帮你省钱，让你的假期更实惠”衔接自然，故选F项。
【40题详解】
空前一句提到“自从孩童时期就去世界各地旅行，我已经学会了从旅行中得到最大的好处”，所以空处应是接着讲述旅行的好处，结合空后“它也是一种内心的旅行”可知，C项“旅行不仅仅是去一个地方”符合文意，故选C项。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace ___41___ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory ___42___ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ___43___ exploring it? That's a tale of ___44___ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was ___45___ of her passion for science. But she doubted how far she'd be able to ___46___ in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ___47___ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ___48___ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ___49___ . But she didn't ___50___ "I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity."
Then came another life-changing moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be ___51___ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ___52___ on the surface of Mars, it was ___53___ by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ___54___ .
Trujillo's own story is ___55___ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
41. A. astronaut B. pilot C. engineer D. guide
42. A. eager B. responsible C. concerned D. grateful
43. A. actually B. hardly C. precisely D. repeatedly
44. A. innocence B. kindness C. perseverance D. sympathy
45. A. certain B. tolerant C. afraid D. fond
46. A. respond B. rise C. invest D. apply
47. A. made up B. turned up C. picked up D. took up
48. A. measures B. activities C. jobs D. courses
49. A. studies B. purchases C. recreations D. trips
50. A. skip B. panic C. reform D. complain
51. A. applied B. admitted C. assigned D. introduced
52. A. originated B. sank C. landed D. waited
53. A. accompanied B. restricted C. enhanced D. teased
54. A. theory B. broadcast C. criticism D. performance
55. A. enterprise B. information C. competence D. proof
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Trujillo作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为了美国宇航局的工程师的故事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. astronaut 宇航员；B. pilot 飞行员；C. engineer 工程师；D. guide 指导；向导。根据下文“Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知她成为美国宇航局工程师，所以此处 表示她是航天“工程师”，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. eager 渴望的；B. responsible 负责任的；C. concerned 担心的；D. grateful 感激的。此空是前面laboratory的后置定语，根据句意以及选项意思，可知此处表示的是这个实验室的职责，be responsible for“负责……”，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo是如何从只是梦想着宇宙变成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A. actually 事实上；B. hardly 几乎不；C. precisely 准确地；D. repeatedly 重复地。此空对应了此句中的“dreaming about”，要表示的是“从梦想变成了现实”，在现实中真正的探索宇宙。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一个写在星空中的有关毅力的故事。A. innocence 无辜；无罪；B. kindness 善良；C. perseverance 毅力；D. sympathy 同情。根据文章开头“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.”可知对于一个女孩要进入美国宇航局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了，结合选项，所以此处表达她的整个经历是一个关于毅力和坚持的故事。当然通读文章，下文对于女孩故事的介绍，也可知道她的成长经历是一个有关毅力的故事，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，尽管她还是个小女孩，但她肯定自己对科学的热情。A. certain 确信的；B. tolerant 容忍的；宽容的；C. afraid 害怕的；担心的；D. fond 喜爱的。根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it? ”可知她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even，所以此处表达甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她不确定自己在一个男性主导的领域地位能提高多少。A. respond 回应；B. rise 上升；地位提高；C. invest 投资；投入；D. apply 申请；应用。根据空后“in a male-dominated field”在男性主导的领域，结合句意以及选项，可知此处表达在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知道的努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时只有17岁，她接受了这个提议。A. made up 编造；B. turned up 出现；调大；C. picked up 捡起；学会；D. took up 接受（建议或主意）；占据。上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”她爸爸提出送她去迈阿密，下文“Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade College.”提到她去迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo做了一系列家务活，让自己读完了迈阿密戴德学院。A. measures 措施；B. activities 活动；C. jobs 工作；D. courses 课程。根据空前定语housekeeping，以及此句句意，可知，此处表达她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作，挣钱让自己完成学业，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她打扫浴室以帮助她完成学业。A. studies 学习；研究；B. purchases 购买的东西；C. recreations 休闲活动；D. trips 旅行。上题分析提到她做家务帮助她读完大学，结合选项，所以此处表示她打扫浴室帮助她完成学业，故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有抱怨，她把一切都看成是一个机会。A. skip 略过；B. panic 惊慌；C. reform 改革；D. complain 抱怨。上题分析中提到为了完成学业，她要做家务，打扫浴室，此句用到转折词“but”，以及空后“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity”她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以此处表达，尽管学习完成不易，但是她不抱怨，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为第一个被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙女性。A. applied 申请；应用；B. admitted 承认；准许……进入；C. assigned 分配；分派；D. introduced 介绍。上文“Then came another life-changing moment.”接着又是一个改变人生的时刻，所以此处表示她被美国宇航局学院录取，这是它人生的转折点，be admitted to“被……录取”，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. originated 起源；B. sank 下沉；C. landed 降落；着陆；D. waited 等待。根据此空的主语，空后地点状语以及选项，可知此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. accompanied 陪伴；伴随；B. restricted 限制；C. enhanced 增强；D. teased 取笑；戏弄。结合上题分析以及句意和选项，可知此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见第12题。A. theory 理论；B. broadcast 广播节目；C. criticism 批评；D. performance 表演；表现。结合上面两题分析以及选项可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解说，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo自己的故事证明，越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星星的人。A. enterprise 公司；B. information 信息；C. competence 能力；胜任；D. proof 证据；证明。此空后that引导同位语从句，解释说明此空名词的内容，根据句意和选项，此处表示她的故事是一种证明，表明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近宇宙的人，故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。
Two new satellites of the Bei Dou Navigation (导航) Satellite System (BDS)___56___(send) into space from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province on November 19, 2018.
The satellites entered the orbit___57___(safe) more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS-3 satellites already in space. They are also the 42nd and 43rd___58___(member) of the BDS satellite family. China launched these satellites with___59___aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions___60___participate in the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议） by the end of 2018. This is a key step for BDS developing___61___a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a___62___(globe) navigation system. The positioning___63___(accurate) of the BDS-3 system has been improved to 5 meters.___64___(name) after the Chinese term for the Plough（北斗七星），the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years. The system is expected ___65___(provide) first-class servlces around the globe by the end of 2020.
【答案】
56. were sent
57. safely 58. members
59. the 60. which/that
61. from 62. global
53. accuracy
64. Named 65. to provide
【解析】
【分析】本文属于新闻，介绍中国发射了北斗导航卫星系统的两颗新的卫星。
【56题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语on November 19 ,2018可知，本句要用一般过去时;send"发送"与句子主语Two new satellites of the BeiDou Navigation(导航) Satellite System ( BDS)是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态;且主语中心词是复数名词satellites,故谓语动词用复数形式，故用were sent。
【57题详解】
考查副词。本空修饰句子的谓语动词entered,故要用副词safely"安全地"。
【58题详解】
考查名词的数。根据前面的"the 42nd and 43rd"可知，此处为复数概念，故用members。
59题详解】
考查冠词。 with the aim of"目的是"为固定搭配，故用the。
【60题详解】
考察定语从句。participate in the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议） by the end of 2018为定语从句修饰先行词countries and regions，从句缺乏主语，故用that或者which。
【61题详解】
考查介词。 根据空后" a Chinese experimental system to a regional.. navigation system"可知，此处表示”从一个中国的试验性系统到地区性导航系统再到全球导航系统"，故用from与to构成from... to... 从...…到...…，故用from。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。 修饰名词navigation system应用形容词global"全球"，故用global。
【63题详解】
考查名词。根据空前的The positioning 和空后的 of可知,本空应填名词作主语，accuracy"精确性，准确性"，故用accuracy。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本空应填非谓语动词, name在此是动词，意为"给...…命名"，与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词Named。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。 根据sb./sth be expected to do sth."某人/某物被期望做某事"搭配可知，本空填不定式，故用to provide。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66.高考即将到来，为缓解考生的压力，你校英文报现征求应对压力的有效办法，请你结合自己的经历，写一篇短文投稿。要点包括：
1. 压力的影响。
2. 如何有效缓解压力。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
书面表达【答案】
With the approach of the College Entrance Examination, we senior three students are under great pressure. It is acknowledged that a certain degree of stress is beneficial to us, but too much stress is certainly harmful.
As for me, there was a time when I had had great pressure, which greatly affected my life and study. I couldn't fall asleep at night and I often woke up suddenly at midnight. As a result, I had great difficulty focusing on what the teacher said in class and it disturbed me a lot. At a loss, I went to the teachers for some advice on how to cope with pressure.
First of all, we should face the pressure appropriately. Pressure is inevitable in our daily life, so we can’t be afraid of it and try our best to cope with them. Secondly, tell our pressure to others. Talking is a very effective way to ease pressure, and during the talking, we may get some suggestions and solutions. Finally, trust ourselves. We are supposed to believe in ourselves that we can deal with any problems.
I found them beneficial to my study, and it is my hope that everyone can reduce too much stress and live a relaxed happy life.
第二节（满分25分）
67.. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Henry returned home on the evening of February 3,2018, teary-eyed and exhausted. The 33-year-old professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaii’s Waimea Bay (夏威夷威美亚湾) to the other while wildly scanning the water to look for his “baby” ,but in vain. By then, night had started to fall.
At home, Henry took his search online. “I was surfing tonight and lost my baby,” he wrote on Facebook. That "baby" was a blue surfboard that had been made for him. Hours earlier, the crash of a big wave had separated Henry from this prized possession.
“I caught the biggest waves of my life on that board,” Henry later said. “That’s why it means so much to me.” He hoped it would wash ashore and that whoever spotted it would have also seen his Facebook post. But the currents of Waimea Bay swept it out to sea, away from the Hawaiian Islands.
Weeks passed with no sign of the surfboard, so he saved for months and decided to buy a new one.
But Henry never completely forgot about the board, which- six months after and more than 5 ,000 miles away from where it disappeared-floated by the remote island of Sarangani in the southern Philippines(菲律宾).The local fisherman found it and sold the board to Bran. He was a teacher in a poorly-equipped elementary school, and hoped to learn to surf and one day share the skill with his students. He bought Henry’s surfboard for $40.
The once-blue board had faded to a pale straw color during its journey, but its distinctive markings were still there. Underneath the markings were the words “Henry, Hawaii.” Realizing how far the surfboard had traveled, Bran was astonished. He was searching for relevant information on the Internet when Henry’s post caught his attention.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相位位置作答。
Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board.
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With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran’s school.
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【答案】Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board. The moment Henry saw the photos, despite the faded color, he recognized his “baby”. Henry was amazed to learn that his “baby” had drifted across the ocean and survived. Without delay, he reached out to Bran. Much to his surprise, Bran was also enthusiastic about surfing. The happy coincidence made him determine to buy Bran a brand-new surfboard.What surprised him most were Bran’s poor school conditions, which fueled him to help them. To convey his gratitude, Henry decided to fly to the Philippines with some backpacks and books as well as the new board.
With the school supplies and the new surfboard, Henry went to Bran’s school. On his arrival, he caught sight of Bran, with the boanl beside him. Seeing his beloved board, Henry was overjoyed to recover it. Overwhelmingly grateful, he gave Bran a big hug. Henry showed the brand-new board prepared for him and offered to teach him to surf. Later, they handed out the backpacks and books to the students, who were extremely pleased and exclaimed in delight. It dawned on Henry that every act of kindness could make a great difference and brighten the world.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Henry心爱的冲浪板在夏威夷的海滩遗失，在经过六个月的寻找之后在菲律宾的萨兰加尼岛被Bran所得到。在经过联系后，Henry前往菲律宾拿回来自己的冲浪板并且帮助了Bran。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Bran在线联系了Henry，并给他发了冲浪板的照片。”可知，第一段可描写当Henry看到冲浪板之后，一眼就认出了这是他心爱的冲浪板。当Henry看到Bran那边糟糕的条件，然后决定带上一些学习用品前往菲律宾。
②由第二段首句内容“带着学习用品和新的冲浪板，Henry去了Bran的学校。”可知，第二段可描写两个人见面后激动的心情。Henry将带来的学习用品分发给Bran的同学们，大家都非常高兴。
2.续写线索：收到信件——Henry认出冲浪板——带上学习用品前往菲律宾——两人在学校门口见面——分发学习用品——领悟感受
3.词类激活
行为类
①表达：convey/express
②展示：show/present
③分发：hand out/distribute
情感类
①惊讶的：amazed/surprised
②高兴的：overjoyed/ecstatic
【点睛】[高分句型1] What surprised him most were Bran’s poor school conditions, which fueled him to help them. (运用了what引导的主语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Later, they handed out the backpacks and books to the students, who were extremely pleased and exclaimed in delight. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力原文
Text 1
W: Can I put my books in your classroom for now? I don’t have time to go back up a floor and still make it to the bus on time.
M: Sure. That way, we can go down together and sit beside each other on the bus. (1)
Text 2
M: How is the medicine I gave you working out? Sometimes it doesn’t work, or makes people tired.
W: It works fine. My only complaint is that I don’t feel like eating anything. (2)
Text 3
W: John, please save the rest of the cookies for your sister. I made ten cookies. There are only three left.
M: I didn’t eat them all! Dad had four! (3)
Text 4
M: Lucky you! You got the window seat!
W: Why don’t we change places? I prefer to get up and walk around during the flight. Here, come rest by the window. (4) It’s going to be a big conference. You’ve been looking tired since the meeting yesterday.
Text 5
W: Hi. Are all novels in the fiction section, even new arrivals? I’m looking for something by a new novelist.
M: I’m not sure. I just came here to study. (5)
W: Sorry to bother you. I thought you were a librarian!
Text 6
M: Thanks for meeting me here.
W: Yeah, it’s just like old times. But the place looks really different. (6)
M: They gave it a new look. What do you think?
W: The black and white floor is really nice. (6) But I miss the piano by the front entrance.
M: The piano is still here. They got it repaired and moved it into the dining room. There’s jazz every Saturday now.
W: Oh, cool! We’ll have to come back. I have to say I love the old design, with the red walls. But live music is a great addition.
M: Let’s see if the food is just as good now as it was then. What are you going to order? (7)
Text 7
W: Bill, please. You’re annoying the people behind us!
M: I can’t help it! These actors are so funny! I haven’t laughed this hard for a long time.
W: During the second half, you’ll need to be a lot quieter.
M: OK. OK. Hey, what’s wrong? Were you crying?
W: I didn’t find that scene funny. It reminded me of a fight I had with my friend Sarah on a trip to France. I haven’t spoken to Sarah since then. It was a lot like what we just saw, when the characters were at that dinner party.
M: The disagreement we saw on stage was full of humor and affection. I can see you really care about Sarah. You should give her a call. You’re as stubborn as Dad! (9)
W: I really miss Sarah!
M: After the play, why don’t you call her?
Text 8
W: Thanks for coming to the studio today, Mr. Larson. Why don’t you tell me about your last position?
M: Well, I started working at Smith Electronics in Chicago right after I graduated from college. I was in the sales department, and even though I was good at it, I wasn’t really happy. (10) After one year, I was moved to the HR department.
W: Was that a better fit?
M: Yes. I prefer talking to people face-to-face, and I enjoy solving problems. I did quite well in that position. (11)
W: So, why did you leave?
M: I had been working at Smith for four years straight. Then I wanted to take some time off, so I went to Paris. My three-week vacation turned into a two-year stay!
W: Wow! What made you come back to the United States? And why is it a good time for you to join Branson Labs?
M: When my father started Branson Labs here in Los Angeles forty years ago, he wanted to pass it down to me. At my graduation dinner, I promised him that I would take over when the time was right. I’m finally ready to make good on that promise. (12)
Text 9
W: I have a special deal that says three drinks for the price of one. I printed it from your website, see? So, those three Cokes should only cost me $2, not $6. (13)
M: Oh, I didn’t know about the deal. My mistake. I’ll adjust that right now.
W: I also have special deals for the soup, bread, and sandwich meat. They should all be cheaper.
M: For some reason, our system doesn’t show the deals when the item is scanned. I’ll have to type in the special deals by hand. One moment.
W: Thanks. I need to save all the money I can. (14) I just got laid off.
M: I’m sorry to hear that, Miss.
W: I went to Harvard and studied business. I never thought I’d be out of work when I graduated.
M: I also work as an accountant for a technology company. (15) We are looking to hire some new accountants in various positions.
W: Really? Wow, I guess it’s a good thing I complained to you about getting fired.
M: Why don’t you come by the company office? (16) It’s at 3300 Main Street. How does 1:00 p.m. tomorrow sound?
W: Sounds great. I’ll see you then, and thank you for the opportunity!
I just got laid off.
Text 10
Ladies and gentlemen, I’m pleased to announce the winner of the 2018 song-writing competition. (17) As you probably know, every year, young songwriters from our town enter our annual spring competition held here in the beautiful Brook Theater. (19) When local musician Fred McGill started the event four years ago, (17) we had no idea how much it would grow. In 2017, over 100 people sent in their songs. This year the number of people who participated doubled. (18) It’s wonderful to see the talent and energy of the next generation. Our judges were amazed by the musical skills they saw and heard. Congratulations to all the teenagers who sent in their songs. It was a difficult choice, but our committee has made a selection. Let’s clap our hands for Maryanne James! Maryanne, where are you? Please join me on stage! (19) There she is! Maryanne, we loved the way you sang about everything from the colors of your garden to the eyes of children. Please accept this prize. We hope it encourages you to continue writing songs when you start music school in the fall. Finally, we’d like to ask you to perform a song for our audience. (20)
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