课时11选择性必修1Unit2Success-2022年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（北师大版2019）

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夯实基础之词汇练（根据所给汉语提示填空）
1．That mdel wn’t g int ________ (生产) befre late 1990. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
2．He was given a seven-year ________ (合同) with an annual salary f $ 150,000. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
3．One f my mst able students was ________ (拒绝接受) by anther university. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
4．He had been ________ (有影响力的) in shaping ecnmic plicy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
5．She lives daily under ________ (威胁) f vilence. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
6．He ________ (努力) hard t keep himself very fit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
7．The students return in Octber fr the start f the new ________ (学业的) year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
8．She was a wnderful friend and her genersity t me was entirely ________ (无私的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
9．Prfessrs, fr the mst part, are firmly ________ (坚定的) t teaching, nt research. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
10．They are nt ________ (乐观的) abut a settlement f the eleven-year cnflict. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
11．A sense f _________ (奉献) is the basic requirement fr peple wrking in the fields f educatin and health care. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
12．He praised her _________ (领导) during the crisis. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
13．Our children’s different needs and learning _________ (方式) created many prblems.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
14．We have bught a lt f ________(家具) fr ur new huse. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
15．Mr. Li is s ________(有雄心的) that he wn’t lse heart in time f difficulty. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
16．In the end, I lst my ________(信任) in her because she ften lied t me. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
17．I’ll wait fr yu at the ________(入口处) t the park. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
18．Our cmpany was ________(成立)the year befre last. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
19．Many peple think this kind f style is ut f ________(时尚)nw. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
20．Her __________(拒绝) t my ffer made me quite embarrassed. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
21．She has a gd jb, which prvides her gd ________(收入) every year. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
22．My father ________(退休) frm schl last year. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
23．He has his wn ________(方式) in treating his friends. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
24．The wealthy businessman has ________(捐献) millins f dllars t schls in China. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
25．Ya Ming is ne f the mst ________(公认的) basketball players all ver the wrld. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
26．The May 4th Mvement is ne f the mst ________(有影响力的) events in histry.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
27．The manager has ________(奉献) all his time and energy t this prject. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
28．Watching screen t much has dne a lt f ________(损害) t his eyes. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
29．Mther had ________(煮) sme eggs fr the by befre he went t schl. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
30．Li Lei lay ________(舒服地) n the sfa, reading a new nvel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
答案与解析
1．prductin
【详解】考查名词。句意：那种型号在1990年底之前不会投产。表示“生产”在介词int后作宾语应用名词prductin。故填prductin。
2．cntract/deal/bargain
【详解】考查名词。句意：他签下了一份为期7年的合同，年薪为15万美元。根据句意和汉语提示，应填名词cntract“合同”，deal“协议”，bargain“协定”作宾语，由不定冠词a修饰用单数，故填cntract/deal/bargain。
3．rejected
【详解】考查动词。句意：我的一个最有能力的学生被另一所大学拒绝了。分析句子可知，根据中文提示需填动词reject（拒绝；排斥），根据句意主语“One f my mst able students”（我的一个学生）和谓语“被大学拒绝”之间是被动关系，因此需使用动词的被动语态。故填rejected。
4．influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他一直在制定经济政策是有影响力的。be动词是系动词，接形容词作表语，根据句意和汉语提示，应填influential“有影响力的”作表语，故填influential。
5．threat/intimidatin
【详解】考查名词和短语。句意：她每天都生活在暴力的威胁下。根据句意和汉语提示，应填threat/intimidatin“威胁”作宾语，under threat/intimidatin“在……威胁下”是固定短语，故填threat/intimidatin。
6．strives
【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：他努力保持身体健康。根据汉语提示，表示“努力”应用动词strive，结合句意，本句表示现在的经常性选择性动作，应用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式，故填strives。
7．academic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生们将在10月份返回学校开始新学年。修饰名词year用形容词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填academic。
8．selfless
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是个很好的朋友，她对我的慷慨完全是无私的。由前边的be动词was及汉语提示可知此处要填形容词。故填selfless。
9．cmmitted
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数教授都坚定地致力于教学，而不是研究。根据汉语提示“坚定的”以及固定短语“be cmmitted t致力于”可知，该空应填形容词cmmitted，在句中作表语成分。故填cmmitted。
10．ptimistic
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他们对长达11年的冲突的解决并不乐观。根据汉语提示“乐观的”及空前的“They are nt”可知，此处应该填写形容词ptimistic作表语，故填ptimistic。
11．devtin
【详解】考查名词。句意：奉献精神是从事教育和卫生保健工作的人的基本要求。空白处在句中作主语，结合汉语提示及a sense f可知，此处要用名词devtin“奉献”，为不可数名词，故填devtin。
12．leadership
【详解】考查名词。他称赞她在危机期间的领导力。形容词性物主代词her 后需加名词。故填leadership。
13．styles
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的孩子们的不同需要和学习方式制造了许多问题。根据汉语提示“方式”， and 连接并列成分different needs和 learning styles，在句中做主语，styles用复数表示泛指。故填styles。
14．furniture
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们为新房子买了很多家具。根据汉语提示“家具”和空前的“have bught”可知，空处需填名词furniture作宾语，此处为不可数名词。故填furniture。
15．ambitius
【详解】考查形容词。句意：李先生雄心勃勃，在遇到困难时不会灰心。根据汉语提示“有雄心的”和空前的“is”可知，空处需填形容词ambitius作表语。故填ambitius。
16．faith
【详解】考查固定用法。句意：最后，我对她失去了信心，因为她经常对我撒谎。根据句意和汉语提示，可知固定用法lse ne’s faith in sb.对某人失去信心，符合题意，所以填faith。
17．entrance
【详解】考查名词。句意：我在公园门口等你。根据汉语提示“入口处”可知，此处应用名词entrance作介词at的宾语。故填entrance。
18．funded
【详解】考查动词和被动语态。句意：我们公司是前年成立的。根据汉语提示“成立”可知，此处应用动词fund作谓语，fund和主语cmpany构成被动关系。故填funded。
19．fashin
【详解】考查名词。句意：很多人认为这种款式现在已经过时了。根据汉语提示“时尚”可知，此处应用名词fashin作介词f的宾语，此处用作不可数名词，ut f fashin“过时的；不流行的”。故填fashin。
20．rejectin
【详解】考查名词。句意：她拒绝了我的提议，这使我很尴尬。根据汉语提示“拒绝”可知，此处应用名词rejectin作主语。故填rejectin。
21．incme
【详解】考查名词。句意：她有一份好工作，每年都有不错的收入。空格前有形容词修饰，故应填入名词。结合句意和汉语提示可判定应填入名词incme。故填incme。
22．retired
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我父亲去年从学校退休了。根据汉语提示“退休”可知，应填动词retire作谓语，结合时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填retired。
23．style(s)
【详解】考查名词。句意：他对待朋友有自己的方式。根据汉语提示“方式”和空前的“his wn”可知，应填名词style作宾语，此处style是可数名词，表示泛指，可用单数或者复数形式。故填style(s)。
24．cntributed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位富商为中国的学校捐赠了数百万美元。根据汉语提示“捐献”和空前的“has”可知，应填动词cntribute的过去分词，与has构成现在完成时。故填cntributed。
25．recgnized
【详解】考查形容词。句意：姚明是世界上最受认可的篮球运动员之一。根据汉语提示“公认的”和空后的“basketball players”可知，应填形容词recgnized作定语，修饰名词。故填recgnized。
26．influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：五四运动是历史上最有影响的事件之一。根据汉语提示“有影响力的”可知，此处应用形容词influential作定语修饰名词events。故填influential。
27．devted
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：经理把他所有的时间和精力都投入到这项工程上了。“奉献”翻译为devte，devte…t的意思是“把……奉献给”，其中t是介词；该句是现在完成时，助动词has已经给出，这里用devte的过去分词devted。故填devted。
28．injuries
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：看屏幕太多对他的眼睛伤害很大。分析可知，a lt f后跟名词，表示“伤害”为名词injury，是可数名词，所以用复数形式。故填injuries。
29．biled
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在男孩上学之前，妈妈给他煮了一些鸡蛋。根据汉语提示“煮”可知应填动词bil，作谓语，结合后文befre he went t schl可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填biled。
30．cmfrtably
【详解】考查副词。句意：李雷舒适地躺在沙发上，读一本新小说。根据汉语提示“舒服地”和空前地动词“lay”可知，应填副词cmfrtably作状语。故填cmfrtably。
夯实基础之语法练 （单元语法填空）
在空白处填入括号内单词的正
1. I heard a passenger behind me________(shut) t the driver, but he refused t stp until we reached the next stp.
2. She lks frward every spring t________(walk) in the flwer-lined garden.
3. ________(read) alud is very imprtant fr us t learn a freign language
4. He arrived hme just in time t see his brther________ ( take) away by the plice.
5. Please stp making that nise--it's getting________(anny)
6. We have much time, s we dn't mind________(wait).
7. I dn't feel like________(ck ). Let's eat
8. He's busy________(get) ready fr the jurney.
9. He has grwn up and is used t________( lk) after himself.
10. We have much difficulty________(understanding) what he says.
11. There is a page________ ( miss) frm this bk.
12. The stranger was walking thrugh the village, ________(lk) this way and that.
13. ________(wrk) harder, yu will make great prgress.
14. We have been trying t slve the prblem________ (truble) us fr such a lng time.
15. ________(wait) fr her tw hurs in the park, I had t leave.
16.(2019·全国卷I) With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind f kid wh wuld enjy public________(speak).
17.(2019·全国卷I)________ (learn) English as a secnd language can be a painful experience.
18.(2019·全国卷I) The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by________ (analyse) things like the frce f a user's typing and the time between key presses.
19.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) It's abut tw sisters--Eri, a mdel wh either wn't r can't stp________ ( sleep) and Mari, a yung student.
20.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) I guess that there' s prbably sme________ (demand) wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt
21. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Smewhere alng the way, the same parent ends up________ (becme) an invaluable member f the team
22.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)________ (hand) ut sliced ranges t bldthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching
yur wn kid scre a gal
23.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)“ I prefer t g ut and be ut. Alne, but tgether, yu knw?” Bechtel said, ________
( lk) up frm her bk.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Bacteria are an________(anny) prblem fr astrnauts.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) A lunchtime escape allws her t keep a bss frm________(tap) her n the shulder.
答案
shuting
walking
Reading
being taken
annying
waiting
cking
getting
lking
understanding
missing
lking
Wrking
trubling
Having waited
speaking
Learning
analysing
sleeping
demanding
becming
Handing
lking
annying
tapping
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 完形填空
When my family mved t America in 2010 frm a small village in Guangdng，China，we brught nt nly ur luggage，but als ur village rules，custms and culture.One f the rules is that yung peple shuld always __1__ elders.Unluckily，this rule __2__ my very first embarrassment in the United States.
I had a part time jb as a __3__ in a Chinese restaurant.Once，when I was serving fd t a middle aged cuple，the wife asked me hw the fd culd be served s __4__．I tld her that I had __5__ they gt their fd quickly because I always respect the elderly.As sn as I said that，her face shwed great __6__．My manager，wh happened t __7__ what I said，tk me aside and gave me a lng lecture abut __8__ sensitive(敏感)Americans are and hw they dislike the descriptin“__9__”．I then walked back t the table and __10__ t the wife.After the cuple heard my reasn，they understd that the prblem was caused by __11__ differences，s they laughed and were n lnger angry.
In my village in China，peple are __12__ f being ld.Nt s many peple live t be seventy r eighty，and peple wh reach such __13__ have the mst knwledge and experience.__14__ peple always respect lder peple __15__ they knw they can learn frm their rich experience.
Hwever，in the United States，peple think“grwing ld” is a __16__ since “ld” shws that a persn is ging t retire r __17__ the bdy is nt wrking well.Here many peple try t keep themselves away frm __18__ ld by taking exercise such as jgging，and wmen put n makeup，hping t lk yung.When I tld the cuple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly，they gt angry because this caused them t feel they had __19__ t stay yung.I had tld them smething they didn't want t hear.
After that，I changed the __20__ I had been with lder peple.It is nt that I dn't respect them any mre；I still respect them，but nw I dn't shw my feelings thrugh wrds.
A.avidB．respectC．bey D．Refuse
A.led t B．stuck tC．switched t D．turned t
3．A.custmer B．bssC．waiter D．builder
4．A.slwly B．cldly C．warmly D．quickly
5．A.heard f B．made sureC．learned frm D．given up
6．A.happiness B．displeasureC．belief D．dubt
7．A.knw B．tellC．like D．hear
8．A.s B．hwC．such D．what
9．A.yung B fatC．ld D．thin
10．A.shwed B．sangC．aplgized D．said
11．A.cultural B．physicalC．mental D．understanding
12．A.prud B．disappintedC．sad D．mved
13．A.a height B．a weight C．a psitin D．an age
14．A.Old B．RichC．Yung D．Pr
15．A.why B whC．hw D．because
16．A.prblem B．questinC．chance D．way
17．A.what B．/C．which D．that
18．A hating B．grwingC．wanting D．feeling
19．A.managed B．triedC．failed D．wanted
20．A.mind B．plan C．way D．Idea
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者在美国因文化差异而引起的误会。
解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：其中一个原则是年轻人要始终尊重老年人。根据下文“I always respect the elderly”可知，年轻人要尊重老年人。avid意为“逃避”；respect意为“尊重”；bey意为“遵守”；refuse意为“拒绝”。故选B。
2. 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。根据下文可知，这个原则导致作者在美国遭遇了第一次尴尬。lead t意为“导致”；stick t意为“坚持”；switch t意为“转向”；turn t意为“转向，求助于”。故选A。
3. 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“in a Chinese restaurant”可知，作者在一个中餐馆里当服务员。故选C。
4. 解析：选D。考查副词辨析。根据下文“they gt their fd quickly”可知，那对夫妻很快就得到了食物。故选D。
5. 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确保他们很快就能得到食物，因为我一直尊重老人。hear f意为“听说”；make sure意为“确保”；learn frm意为“向……学习”；give up意为“放弃”。故选B。
6. 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据第二段最后一句中的“s they laughed and were n lnger angry”可知，这对夫妇起初听到作者的回答时很不高兴。故选B。
7. 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“what I said”可知，经理听到了“我”说的话。故选D。
8. 解析：选B。考查副词辨析。句意：经理听到了我说的话，把我叫到一边告诉我美国人有多敏感多不喜欢(别人说他们)老。hw为程度副词，后接形容词或副词，意为“多么”。故选B。
9. 解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。通读文章可知，美国人不喜欢别人说自己老。故选C。
10. 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意：我回到桌子旁边向那位妻子道歉。aplgize意为“道歉”。故选C。
11. 解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：听完我的解释之后，这对夫妻理解了这个误会是由文化差异所导致的，所以他们笑了笑不再生气了。cultural意为“文化的”；physical意为“物理的，身体的”；mental意为“精神的”；understanding意为“有理解能力的”。故选A。
12. 解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：在中国，在我的家乡，人们以老为荣。通过阅读下文可知，中国人认为老人有更多的知识和经验，以老为荣。be prud f意为“为……感到自豪”。故选A。
13. 解析：选D。考查名词辨析。句意：没有多少人能够活到七八十岁，到了这个年纪的人通常拥有最多的知识和经验。根据上文“seventy r eighty”可知，这里是指年龄。故选D。
14. 解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。此处指年轻人总是很尊重老年人。故选C。
15. 解析：选D。考查连词辨析。句意：年轻人都尊重老年人，因为他们知道能够从老年人那里学到丰富的经验。空格前后为因果关系。because意为“因为”，表原因。故选D。
16. 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：然而，在美国人们认为衰老是个难题。prblem意为“难题”；questin意为“问题，疑问”；chance意为“机会”；way意为“方法，道路”。故选A。
17. 解析：选D。考查宾语从句。r是连词，连接两个并列的成分，这两个并列成分作动词“shws”的宾语，that引导宾语从句时，第一个从句中可省略that，其他从句不能省略。故选D。
18. 解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据下文“hping t lk yung”可知，美国人尽力避免衰老的感觉，希望自己看起来很年轻。故选B。
19. 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意：当我在餐馆里向那对夫妇说我尊重老年人时，他们生气是因为这让他们感觉到自己不再年轻。通过上文可知，美国人通过健身、化妆等各种方式使自己显得年轻，作者那么说让他们感觉自己的努力没有换来想要的年轻容貌，他们的努力失败了。fail t d意为“做……失败，没能做到……”。故选C。
解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：自那之后，我改变了对待老年人的方式。mind意为“思想，精神”plan意为“计划”；way意为“方法，方式”；idea意为“主意”。故选C。
II 用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Playing it by ear?
A vide clip f a blind musician has captured the attentin f many in China. Xing Lingha, 18, played a Beethven snata (奏鸣曲) in the natinal finals f the 13th Shanghai Internatinal Yuth Pian Cmpetitin in August. 2020.
The vide, 21．(publish) n China Daily’s Sina Weib accunt, has been viewed mre than 7 millin times. Many Internet users said they were tuched by Xing’s 22．(brave) and ptimism.
Xing lst her eyesight in early infancy (幼年) due t a medical accident Her mther discvered Xing had a talent 23． music early in her childhd. “The pian is my best friend,” said Xing,24． high schl student at the Chengdu Special Educatin Schl. “25． brings s much pleasure int my life.”
Unlike mst pianists, wh play by reading music, Xing relied entirely n the sund f the music t guide her, “Repeated practice is key 26． I need muscle memry t find the right keys,” she explained.
Xing 27．(hnr) with the Special Jury Prize in the cmpetitin. “Thrugh her pian playing viewers culd feel the vitality (生命力) f life and a 28．(true)strng will,” said Ding Quan, a judge in the cmpetitin.
“I never pursued prizes 29． fame while learning music,” explained Xing. “Like Beethven, I wanted 30．(express)hpe, feelings and passin fr life in difficult cnditins thrugh the pian.”
21．published
22．bravery
23．fr
24．a
25．It
26．because
27．was hnred
28．truly
29．r
30．t express
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了18的残疾人熊玲浩通过耳朵听钢琴键的声音来弹曲子，表达对生活的希望，感情和激情。
21．
考查非谓语动词。句意：被已发布在《中国日报》新浪微博上的该视频，已经被浏览了700万次以上。published作后置定语，修饰The vide。故填published。
22．
考查名词。句意：许多互联网用户表示，他们被熊的勇敢和乐观感动。and连接两个并列成分，由名词ptimism可知，此处填名词。故填bravery。
23．
考查介词。句意：熊因医疗事故在幼年时期失去了视力。母亲发现熊在童年早期就具有音乐才能。固定搭配have talent fr“在……方面有天赋”。故填fr。
24．
考查冠词。句意：“钢琴是我最好的朋友，”成都特殊教育的一高中生熊说，它给我的生活带来了很多的快乐。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，high 是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
25．
考查代词。句意：句意：“钢琴是我最好的朋友，”成都特殊教育的一高中生熊说，它给我的生活带来了很多的快乐。分析句子可知，此处做主语，说的是the pian，为避免重复，应用代词it。故填It。
26．
考查原因状语从句。句意：她解释说，与大多数钢琴演奏者通过阅读音乐来演奏不同，熊完全依靠音乐的声音来指导她：“反复练习是关键，因为我需要肌肉记忆才能找到正确的键。”分子句子可知，后半句解释反复练习的原因，because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
27．
考查动词时态和语态。句意：句意：熊在比赛中获得评审团特别奖。此处描述过去的事情，且hnr与主语Xing之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时被动语态。故填was hnred。
28．
考查副词。句意：“通过她的钢琴演奏，观众可以感受到生命的活力和真正地坚强的意志，”比赛评委丁泉说。根据句子可知，修饰形容词strng，应用副词。故填truly。
29．
考查连词。句意：熊说：“我在学习音乐的过程中从来没有追求过奖项和名声。”根据never可知此句是否定句，不能用and，应用连词r。故填r。
30．
考查非谓语动词。句意：像贝多芬一样，我想在困难的情况下通过钢琴表达对生活的希望，感情和激情。固定搭配want t d sth.“想要做某事”。故填t express。
I、阅读选择
A
Did yu knw that yu have millins f tiny things living inside f yu? They are called micrbes.Micrbes live all ver ur bdies.They cme in a huge variety f shapes.They can mve arund and cmmunicate with each ther.They are s tiny that the nly way t see them is with a micrscpe (显微镜)．Bacteria, fungi (真菌), and viruses are examples f micrbes.
“Micrbes can be fund everywhere in ur bdies and all ver Earth，” Marie Samanvic­Glden said.She is a scientist wh studies micrbes.“Understanding them is necessary fr understanding ur bdy.”
Scientists have knwn fr years that sme micrbes cause diseases.Recently, by using new advances in technlgy, scientists have cllected mre infrmatin abut micrbes.They have learned that many micrbes play a majr rle in fighting diseases.
“We knw that micrbes are imprtant fr ur immune (免疫的) system，” says Susan Perkins，a scientist at the American Museum f Natural Histry (AMNH), in New Yrk City.She is an rganizer f The Secret Wrld Inside Yu, a new shw n micrbes.At the AMNH shw, visitrs can use vides and a live theater presentatin t explre hw micrbes influence health.
Accrding t Perkins what we eat affects what kinds f micrbes we have inside f us, and it is imprtant t have many kinds f micrbes.Micrbes in the digestive tract (消化道) help digest fd.In the muth, they prtect teeth frm cavities (蛀牙)．Micrbes als make vitamins.
“We are learning s much abut micrbes all the time，” Perkins said.“We have far mre helpful micrbes than harmful nes，” she says.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微生物。
1．What can we learn abut the new study n micrbes?
A．Scientists have fund their psitive rle.
B．Scientists have cllected new micrbes.
C．Scientists have used them t cure diseases.
D．Scientists have fund ways t balance them.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的They have learned that many micrbes play a majr rle in fighting diseases.可知，科学家发现了微生物所起的积极作用。
2．What can visitrs d at the AMNH shw?
A．Watch vides abut the museum.
B．See a healthy wrld inside peple.
C．Explre peple’s immune system.
D．Learn abut micrbes in different ways.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的visitrs can use vides and a live theater presentatin t explre hw micrbes influence health可知，在该展览中，人们可以通过观看视频等方式了解微生物。
3．Perkins’ wrds shw the relatinship between________．
A．fd and health
B．micrbes and health
C．gd and bad eating habits
D．helpful and harmful micrbes
B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Micrbes in the digestive tract(消化道) help digest als make vitamins.及最后一段中的We have far mre helpful micrbes than harmful nes可知，Perkins主要谈论了微生物与健康的关系。
4．What’s the best title fr this text?
A．Tiny Helpers
B．Shws n Micrbes
C．A Secret Explratin
D．A System in Our Bdy
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文中对人类健康的小小帮手——微生物的介绍可知应选A项。
B
I’ve been really lucky this year.Nt nly did I have the pprtunity t live in France，but I was able t see sme ther cuntries with my girlfriend.Nw she is studying in Essen，a large city in Western Germany.I recently went t stay with her —it was my first visit t Germany! Essen is a very large city.It has all the cnveniences f any large city s I felt immediately at hme.I lve the variety f shps，restaurants，shpping malls，ccktail bars，nightclubs，parks and even a lake.There is als a city—wide netwrk f trams，which makes getting arund a piece f cake!
I fund the peple t be really friendly，and mst Germans speak very gd English，which made life easy fr me.I was surprised by the casual attitude t alchl in Germany，where it seems nrmal fr peple t drink beer n the street，r n the tram.My girlfriend and I visited tw famus lcal cities，Dusseldrf and Clgne，which are bth n the Rhine River.Dusseldrf is an urban metrplis with a great variety f restaurants.We tk a bat tur n the river and went up the Rhine twer，a really tall building which ffers great views acrss the city.Clgne，as yu might knw，is wrld famus fr its perfumes.We made the effrt t climb t the tp f ne f the Clgne’s twer.The stairs seemed endless，but it was wrthwhile fr the impressive sights frm the tp.
We als wend in a cable car ver the river and tasted a German delicacy called “Spaghettieis” which is ice cream with strawberry sauce! I als gt t try the famus German sausage.I must admit，I really enjyed the fd! The nly disappintment was the grey and rainy weather，which prves that Britain des nt have the wrst weather in Eurpe!
【解题导语】 作者讲述了第一次去德国的见闻和感受。
5．Why did the writer feel lucky this year?
A．He had a chance t live in Germany.
B．He met his girlfriend in France by chance.
C．He gt an pprtunity f learning in Germany.
D．He was able t live in France and visit ther cuntries.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Nt nly did I have the pprtunity t live in France，but I was able t see sme ther cuntries with my girlfriend.可知，作者之所以感到幸运，是因为既可以住在法国，还可以和女朋友去别的国家旅行。
6．What d Dusseldrf and Clgne have in cmmn?
A．They are bth famus fr unique perfumes.
B．They bth ffer wnderful views frm the twer tp.
C．They bth serve traditinal German sausage.
D．They bth have many twers with a lng histry.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的We tk a bat tur n the river and went up the Rhine twer，a really tall building which ffers great views acrss the city.和The stairs seemed endless，but it was wrthwhile fr the impressive sights frm the tp.可知，共同之处是从塔顶能看到美丽的风景。
7．Accrding t the writer，which cuntry has the wrst weather in Eurpe?
A．Britain. B．Italy.
C．France. D．Germany.
D 解析：推理判断题。从最后一段的最后一句The nly disappintment was the grey and rainy weather，which prves that Britain des nt have the wrst weather in Eurpe！可知，德国的天气在欧洲是最糟糕的。
8．What can be the best title f the passage?
A．An Unfrgettable Trip
B．A Guide t Germany
C．My First Visit t Germany
D．A Brief Intrductin t Germany
C 解析：标题归纳题。作者在文章开头点出主题：I recently went t stay with her —it was my first visit t Germany！下文具体介绍了旅行的见闻。故选C项。
C
Lking back n my childhd，I get t believe that naturalists are brn and nt made.Althugh we were all brught up in the same way，my brthers and sisters sn threw away their pressed flwers and insects.Unlike them，I had n ear fr music and languages.I was nt an early reader and I culd nt d mental arithmetic(算术)．
Befre Wrld War I we spent ur summer hlidays in Hungary.I have nly the unclear memry f the huse we lived in，f my rm and my tys.Nr d I recall clearly the large family f grandparents，aunts，uncles and cusins wh gathered next dr.But I d have a clear memry f the dgs，the farm animals，the lcal birds and，abve all，the insects.
I am a naturalist，nt a scientist.I have a strng lve f the natural wrld，and my enthusiasm has led me int varied investigatins(调查)．I lve discussing my favrite tpics and enjy burning the midnight il while reading abut ther peple’s bservatins and discveries.Then smething happens that brings these bservatins tgether in my cnscius mind.Suddenly yu wnder yu see the answer t the riddle(迷)，because it all seems t fit tgether.This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and bks，which sme might hnr with the title f scientific research.
But curisity，a keen eye，a gd memry and enjyment f the animal and plant wrld d nt make a scientist; ne f the utstanding qualities required is self­discipline，a quality I lack.A scientist requires nt nly self­discipline but hard training，determinatin and a gal.A scientist，up t a pint，can be made.A naturalist is brn.If yu can cmbine the tw，yu get the best f bth wrlds.
【解题导语】 作者从小就对花和昆虫感兴趣。花很多时间来观察大自然。作者是一位科学家，因为作者认为自己是天生的自然学家，因为缺乏科学家需要的自律的品质。
9．The first paragraph tells us that the authr ________．
A．was brn t a naturalist’s family
B．lst his hearing when he was a child
C．didn’t like his brthers and sisters
D．was interested in flwers and insects
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Althugh we were all brught up in the same way，my brthers and sisters sn threw away their pressed flwers and insects.Unlike them，I had n ear fr music and languages.可知，虽然作者和兄弟姐妹以同样的方式养大，兄弟姐妹不喜欢花和昆虫，而作者喜欢。
10．The authr can’t remember his relatives clearly because ________．
A．he didn’t live lng with them
B．he was fully busy bserving nature
C．the family was t large t remember
D．he was t yung when he lived with them
B 解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段的Nr d I recall clearly the large family f grandparents，aunts，uncles and cusins wh gathered next dr.But I d have a clear memry f the dgs，the farm animals，the lcal birds and，abve all，the insects.可知，作者对家庭的亲戚印象不深，但是清晰地记得那些动物和昆虫。故选B项。
11．It can be inferred frm the passage that the authr was actually ________．
A．a naturalist but nt a scientist
B．mre a gd bserver than a listener
C．n mre than a brn naturalist
D．a scientist as well as a naturalist
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的I am a naturalist，nt a scientist.和This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and bks，which sme might hnr with the title f scientific research.可知，实际上，作者是自然学家，也出版了很多科学研究的书籍，所以既是科学家也是自然学家。
II阅读七选五
Ways t Brighten a Cludy Day
When I was a small child，I’d curl(蜷缩) up n my parents’ bed after the sunshine had warmed it.It was a pleasant place f peace and safety that I struggled t find in later As I learned t enjyed thse memries f a regular life，I fund mre smiles and sunshine than I’d ever thught pssible.Try ne f the fllwings fr the best result!
Get utside，mve and breathe.
Fresh air and sunshine can have a magical effect n yur feelings.Smetimes when yu are feeling dwn，all that yu need t d is simply t g utside and S if yu start t feel dwn，g utside，let the sun hit yur face，g fr a hike r whatever.
D smething nice fr a cmplete stranger.
Buy a cffee，pay a bill，give a smile and a “thank yu”when nne is required.Yu may even reach ut and help strangers wh live far away frm It als feels very，very gd.
Laugh frm yur stmach.
15．________ And the gd feeling that yu get when yu laugh remains with yu even after the laughter disappears.A mment spent in full enjyment f laughing is a great way t release stress and refuel yur smile.
Try smething nt included in yur nrmal life.
Mst f us eat frm a very shrt list f fd.Eating smething entirely different will d mre than expand(增强) yur sense f
We need t live each mment whleheartedly，with all ur senses.Only in this way will we find what a wnderful wrld it actually is!
A．It will help keep yur sense f adventure alive!
B．Giving will pen yu up t a wrld f kindness.
C．Mvement and exercise is als a great way t feel better.
D．Yu knw the kind f laugh that shakes yur whle bdy?
E．Being happy is abut taking the time t wrk twards yur gal.
F．Chse seasnal，healthy fds like fresh fruit instead f high­fat nes.
G．Each day includes mments that can be deeply enjyed r carelessly ignred.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了如何使有阴霾的日子变得晴朗的方法。
12．G 解析：根据下文的As I learned t enjyed thse memries f a regular life，I fund mre smiles and sunshine than I’d ever thught pssible.可知，当我学会享受美好的记忆，生活会快乐阳光很多。说明此空意为：生活中有好的记忆，也有可以忽略的时候。与G项吻合。
13．C 解析：根据下文的S if yu start t feel dwn，g utside，let the sun hit yur face，g fr a hike r whatever.可知，此处是指运动能让你变得心情大好。与C项吻合。
14．B 解析：根据小标题和句子Yu may even reach ut and help strangers wh live far away frm yu.可知，帮助别人会让你心情变得更好些。与B项吻合。
15．D 解析：根据小标题Laugh frm yur stmach.可知，此空是与大笑有关的，与D项吻合。
16．A 解析：根据上句Eating smething entirely different will d mre than expand(增强) yur sense f taste.可知，打破常规，尝试一些不同的东西对你有好处。与A项吻合。
VI、书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是某英语专栏的编辑Tina, 你收到了一名高一学生李华的求助信， 信中诉说了自己的困扰：学习时间长， 睡眠不足， 效率低下。就此请你用英文给他写一封回信。内容具体如下：
1．消除影响学习的所有干扰；
2．制定合理的学习计划；
3．适当休憩；
4．……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Li Hua，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Tina
One pssible versin ：
Dear__Li__Hua，
I am srry yu are having truble in studying with a lack f sleep. Hwever, the situatin is nt that difficult t imprve. Here are sme tips t help yu：
Firstly, why nt remve all distractins frm yur study? If yu d this, yu can cmpletely stay fcused n yur study. Then, set up a prper daily schedule. That way, yu can manage yur time very efficiently. What’s mre, have a nap at break. It can make yu mre active and cheer yu up. Finally, prepare certain snacks t help yur energy last lnger, like chclate and nuts, because they are gd surces f prtein.
I hpe these suggestins can really wrk.
Yurs，
Tina