一轮巩固卷03-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷专用）

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【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷专用）
一轮巩固卷3
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1.本试卷共12页，全卷满分150分，回答时间为120分钟；
2. 答卷前，务必将答题卡上密封线内的各项目填写清楚；
3. 本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；
4. 考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。
第I卷（选择题 共100分）
第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the children probably doing?
A. Making orange juice. B. Listening to loud music. C. Cooking a meal.
2. Who might Allie be?
A. The speakers’ pet. B. The neighbor’s turkey. C. The speakers’ child.
3. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Trip plans. B. Ticket prices. C. Holiday celebrations.
4. What season is it now?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a fast food restaurant. B. At a butcher shop. C. At a café.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How old was the woman when she was allowed to drive by her parents?
A. 18. B. 21. C. 23.
7. What month was the man born in?
A. December. B. November. C. September.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about the camping area?
A. It’s totally free. B. It’s a little cold. C. It’s very crowded.
9. How long was the man gone for?
A. One night. B. Two nights. C. Three nights.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What problem does Roger have with exams?
A. He isn’t clever. B. He isn’t confident. C. He doesn’t work hard.
11. How does the man decide to help Roger?
A. By helping him to stay calm.
B. By finding an expert for him.
C. By giving him some advice about his future.
12. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is easy to be tired.
B. She often feels nervous.
C. She finds exercise is a good way to relax.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman feel about her job hunt?
A. Very excited. B. A little unsatisfied. C. Quite angry.
14. What do we know about The Creator?
A. It gives less holiday time than other companies.
B. It gets a lot of great reviews from the customers.
C. It provides medical insurance.
15. What was the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Parent and child.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Search online for her salary.
B. Negotiate her salary offer.
C. Ask about her benefits package.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a speech. B. Doing a research. C. Having an interview.
18. What was the destination of the speaker’s most recent trip?
A. Indonesia. B. Italy. C. The U.S.
19. What was the best-known eruption according to the speaker?
A. Krakatoa. B. Santorini. C. Vesuvius.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The history of a town. B. Travel experiences. C. His work.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Would you like to make our readers smile? Enter this funny story-writing competition and you could see your story printed in The Week Junior and published in a special downloadable book.
Things can feel quite strange and serious at the moment. Sometimes we all need a break from reality to escape into a story that makes us laugh out loud. That's where you come in. Guy Bass (author of Stitch Head and Skeleton Keys) want you to give him the giggles. Usually it's Guy's job to make his readers laugh, but now he's turning the tables as he searchers for the funniest young writers who can give him A WRITELAUGH. He's looking for nine funny stories written by children aged from five to 13, to publish in a special book.
What you win
? There are three age categories: 5-7 years, 8-10 years, and 11-13 years. There will be a first, second and third-placed winner in each category.
? The Week Junior's editorial team will be selecting one of the winning stories to publish in the magazine.
? Each of the nine winners will have their story included in a special e-book that will be available online.
? Also up for grabs are stacks of funny books, and a year's subscription to The Week Junior magazine for the overall winner.
HOW TO ENTER
? Stories should be no more than 500 words long. They can be on any topic, but they must make the judges laugh out loud.
? Ask a parent or guardian to send your entry to awr itelaugh@littletiger co.uk Don't forget to include your name and age.
? Before you enter the competition, make sure your parent or guardian has read the terms and conditions.
? The dosing date for entries is midnight on Friday 31 December.
Not sure where to start? Guy has asked lots of his author friends to supply hints and tips to help get your creative juices flowing. Visit authorfy.com/masterclasses/awr itelaugh to watch video from Guy Bass, Liz Pichon, A．F. Harrold, Swapna Haddow and many more!
*Team & Conditions: A Write Laugh (the "Competition") is organized by the Little Tiger Group. To view the full terms and conditions and rules for entry please go to littetiger.co.uk/a-write-laugh
Privacy: Any personal data relating to entrants will not be disclosed to third party without the individual's permission. We will only use the information you provide to determine your admissibility and to contact you in relation to your entry. Data relating to entrants will be kept by Little Tiger Group for a reasonable period of time after the competition closes, to assist Little Tiger Group to operate the competition in a steady manner and to deal with any inquiries on the competition.
21．To enter the competition, the entrants must________.
A．send his/her story to awritelaugh@littletiger.co.uk
B．hand in his/her entry on Friday 31 December
C．use ideas from authofy.com/masterclasses/awritelaugh
D．write a short funny story on the topic given by Guy Bass
22．What are the prizes for the winners?
A．All the first-placed winners' stories will be published in The Week Junior.
B．The winners will see their stories included in an e-book.
C．The winners will have the chance to talk with famous authors.
D．The winners can subscribe to The Week Junior at a discount.
23．According to the terms and conditions,________.
A．personal data won't be disclosed under any circumstance.
B．Little Tiger Group owns the copyright on all the stories
C．personal data will be used in relation to the competition
D．Litter Tiger Group will remove all data right after the competition.
B
Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There's so much to learn,” he'd say. “Though we're born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied an education.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.
Then came the moment—the time to share the day's new learning.
Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen.
“Felice,” he'd say, “tell me what you learned today.” “learned that the population of Nepalis...”
Silence. Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well...”he'd say. “Get the map; let's see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.
This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.
As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming our value; giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.
Later during my training as a future teacher studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population, of Nepal might prove useful.
24．What do we know from the first paragraph?
A．The poor could hardly afford school education.
B．Those born stupid could not change their life.
C．The town elders wanted to learn about the world.
D．The author's father was born in a worker's family.
25．It can be learned from the passage that the author ________.
A．enjoyed talking about news B．knew very well about Nepal
C．appreciated his father's educational technique D．felt regret about those wasted days
26．What is the greatest value of "dinner time" to the author?
A．Showing talents. B．Family get-together.
C．Continual learning. D．Winning Papa's approval.
27．The author's father can be best described as ________.
A．a wiseman willing to share his knowledge B．a teacher strict about everything his students did
C．an educator expert at training future teachers D．a parent insistent on his children's education
C
A competition making up Versailles literature was launched on Sina Weibo recently. So what is Versailles literature?
Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a comic series which was about aristocratic life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a boast disguised as a complaint. "I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate?" and "I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night" are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off-usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that's not the point.
As the 19th century English author Jane Austen famously wrote, "Nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility." The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one's successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In her article titled Why do people hate humblebragging? published in Psychology Today, psychologist Dr Susan Krauss Whitbourne at the University of Massachusetts Amherst noted that humblebragging is a "strategy in pursuit of respect" because it draws attention to one's accomplishments in a circuitous way.
However, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy does not work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the University of North Carolina research Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca Gino and Michael Norton concluded from their research that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the former's insincerity. "The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People don't like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers," said Francesca Gino.
So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? "Just pretend you don't get whatever it is they try to show off," a netizen advised." And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints."
28．Which of the following statements is typical of "Versailles literature"?
A．I've got a new haircut, which I think is funny.
B．Got five offers to date. I'm at a loss which to choose.
C．It's a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly.
D．I'm fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around.
29．What is the psychology behind humblebragging?
A．To win others' sympathy. B．To mask his/her complaint.
C．To show his/her sincerity. D．To earn others' admiration.
30．What does the underlined world "circuitous" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Roundabout. B．Straightforward. C．Ambiguous. D．Double-edged.
31．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Humblebraggers are relatively more sincere than braggers.
B．Humblebragging is a genuine appearance of being humble.
C．To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers.
D．To be perceived positively, try using bragging rather than Versailles literature.
D
Teaching the next generation is an effective way to transform the future. A nonprofit group in Israel has taken this to heart by greening schools with soilless farming. The group is called Startup Roots, which is teaching students about hydroponics（水塔）,and as a result, they are learning nutrition and science.
“Many children think that vegetables come from the grocery store. They have no concept of the chain behind it. So we try to connect kids with the source of their food,”said Robin Katz，founder of this organization. Katz started it in 2014, realizing that many children have access to fresh, healthy and affordable produce. She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming.
Their first project created a soilless farm using just 100 square meters of a school. They started out by growing 14 plants per meter. The students were excited to pick vegetables in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1500 vegetables per month!
Working with science teachers,the organization guides students to learn science and nutrition. In addition,it has brought in dieticians(营养学家) to teach the effect that food choices have on health. Startup Roots has improved their methods by installing vertical(垂直的) farming systems that can sit in hallways when schools are tight on space,Since the first school installation,their yield has improved greatly,resulting in the production of 120 plants per meter.
In order to educate the general population,the organization is also working to create an interactive(交互式的) urban agriculture exhibit. More youths are eagerly researching plant seeds and growing plants.
“There is no greater pleasure than to watch students grow by growing,”said Katz. Aside from producing organic vegetables in schools,the organization is planting roots in this young generation,encouraging them to lead healthier and more environmentally-friendly lives.
32．What does Startup Roots do to change the future?
A．Ask students to change their attitude. B．Change the surroundings of a school.
C．Connect students with new food. D．Teach students a farming system.
33．Why did Robin Katz show interest in hydroponics?
A．It thought students about nutrition. B．It saved water and had a higher output.
C．It was easy to produce good vegetables. D．It caused no damage to the environment.
34．What can we learn about Startup Roots' first soilless farm?
A．It produced 120 plants per meter. B．It relied on vertical farming systems.
C．It collected vegetables in a month. D．It was guided by science teachers.
35．Which is one of the ultimate goals of Startup Roots?
A．Booking the urban agriculture. B．Inspiring youths to live a healthier life.
C．Teaching young generations to grow crops. D．Forcing youths to pay more attention to
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty, confusion, or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own. 36． It can undoubtedly affect people’s lives. The following are some ways to deal with culture shock.
Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock. There are many factors that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditions and morals.37． It’s because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture.
Keep a journal(日记) of your thoughts.38．And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in to your anxiety, write it out. Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day. You can also put something down if you’re missing anyone from your hometown. 39．Don’t allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience. You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends. If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings, connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily.
Do some things you usually like. Don’t allow the culture shock to occupy your mind. And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions, including anxiety, sadness, anger, homesickness, and sometimes even depression.40．Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing.
A．Share your culture.
B．Talk to others about your experiences.
C．Try to step outside of your own culture.
D．Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong.
E.You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy.
F.Many people don’t realize how culture influences them.
G.Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Born in America, I spoke English, not Chinese, the language of my ancestors. When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese 41 at my face, but I pushed them 42 . My mom believed I would learn 43 I was ready. But the 44 never came.
On a Chinese New Year’s Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was 45 at him, confused, scratching my head. “Still can’t speak Chinese?” He 46 me, “You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown.”
“Hey, this is America, not China. I’ll get some 47 with or without Chinese.” I replied and turned to my mom for 48 .
“Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu ,” she said, handing over a $20 bill. I 49 the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown.
I found the fish 50 surrounded in a sea of customers. “I’d like to buy some fresh fish,” I shouted to the fishman. But he 51 my English words and turned to serve the next customer. The laugh of the people behind increased 52 their impatience. With every 53 , the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger — my blood boiling — 54 me to cry out, “ Xian Sheng Yu, please.” “Very Xian Sheng,” I repeated. The crowd erupted into laughter. My face turned 55 and I ran back home 56 , except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket.
Should I laugh or cry? They’re Chinese. I am Chinese. I should feel right at 57 . Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish 58 , but, in the end, the joke is on 59 . Every laugh is a culture 60 ; every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away.
41．A．custom B．games C．characters D．language
42．A．ahead B．around C．along D．aside
43．A．when B．before C．unless D．until
44．A．success B．study C．time D．attempt
45．A．aim B．joke C．nod D．stare
46．A．cared about B．laughed at C．argued with D．asked after
47．A．right now B．from now C．at times D．in time
48．A．decision B．permission C．information D．preparation
49．A．repeated B．reviewed C．spelled D．kept
50．A．farm B．stand C．pond D．market
51．A．guessed B．forget C．doubted D．ignored
52．A．by B．as C．with D．from
53．A．second B．effort C．desire D．movement
54．A．forcing B．allowing C．persuading D．leading
55．A．bright B．blank C．pale D．red
56．A．open-mouthed B．tongue-tied C．empty-handed D．broken-hearted
57．A．service B．home C．risk D．root
58．A．trade B．deed C．challenge D．incident
59．A．it B．us C．me D．them
60．A．thrown B．lost C．divided D．reflected
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共50分）
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
It is reported that at present a city in Japan has a problem with graffiti(涂鸦). However, it is not the usual type of graffiti with paint from spray cans 61．(use) to write on walls. It is graffiti in sand.
Officials in the city of Tottori are asking tourists to give up 62． (write) messages and drawing pictures in the sand of its giant sand dunes (沙丘). The officials say the graffiti causes damage to the dunes, 63． destroys the pleasure others get in looking at the sand.
More than 3,300 cases of "sand graffiti" 64． (occur) at the tourist spot in the past decade. In January, two overseas tourists were ordered 65． (erase) a 25-meter-long message that read "Happy Birthday Natalie".
The Tottori Sand Dunes are famous throughout Japan 66． their natural beauty. They are the largest and longest sand dunes in the country and form part of 67． scenic coastal park on the sea of Japan coast. The biggest dune is 50 meters high.
The local government wants to improve tourists' understanding of the 68． (important) of the dunes. It will set up much 69． (many) signs in English, Chinese and Korean asking people to respect the dunes. A spokesman said, "We are concerned about whether the rules are 70． (complete) understood, and we want to continue to protect views of the beautiful sand dunes."
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线（ ）, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2 .只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Many senior high school students have children's books that they no longer need. However, my school organized a book drive, with the purpose donating books to disadvantaged families with young children. The activity lasts for a week and students in my school were encouraging to collect gently used children's books from family members, friends and neighbors. I, along with other volunteers, were responsible for checking the donated books and packing it. In order to perform the task well, I had learned how to packing things from my father in the advance. Though I was tiring at the end of the week, I was happy what I got involved in doing something that could make a difference to the community.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，上周日你班同学到阳光儿童福利院开展志愿者活动。请你向学校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1.时间、地点、参与者；
2.开展活动内容（至少三点）；
3.简要评论本次活动。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Volunteering in the Sunshine Children's Home
Last Sunday
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附：核心素养练之人与自然（七选五+语法填空）
Passage1
It goes without saying that plastic is killing our planet.1．. Here are some ways you can do your part for the earth:
Go cupless
Plenty of restaurants and cafes are now rewarding their customers with discounted drinks. 2．. Many cups for hot drinks are advertised as recyclable. Skip out the fuss and simply bring your own for a guilt free and cheaper coffee
Buy local
A brilliant way to avoid buying needless plastic is to buy fresh produce from local shops. Supermarkets contribute more than 800,000 tonnes of plastic packaging waste every year.3．.
Cut down on packaging
Companies such as Lush are passionate about bringing beautiful eco-friendly products to their customers and have very little packaging. Get to know the companies you buy from. 4．.You may get to be surprised at the recycling options they give
5．.
It has become the norm on a shopping trip to buy many cleaning products. But, there’s a safer and more eco-friendly way to go about it. Cut out the packaging and harmful ingredients by creating natural products of your own. You can make the cleaning products all by yourself.
A．Work together
B．Do a little DIY
C．Get to support them
D．And most products they sell include avoidable plastic
E. By buying locally you reduce the waste and support locals
F. The only condition is that they bring in their own reusable cups
G. It's true that we’ve started to take notice but so much more needs to be done
Passage2
Global temperature changes are in fact a natural process. However, human demands for energy, manufactured goods, transport and animal products have increased carbon emissions (排放). We 6． (cause) over 1°C of warming since the 19th century. For comparison, it 7．(take) 5,000 years for the Earth to warm up by 4-7°C after ice ages.
The small numbers may seem insignificant, 8．this temperature increase has had a huge impact globally. Sea levels have risen 15cm in the past century. Animals and ecosystems can’t keep up with the new rate of change, 9． forces many species into extinction. In turn, this comes back to bother humans, who rely on a balance of all ecosystems 10．(keep) our way of life.
Unless we completely change our habits, our future could be 11．(hope). In face of climate change, what governments should be focusing on now is promoting 12．use of renewable energy, supporting green farming, and reducing population 13． (grow). Individuals can pay attention to 14．(cut) out car and plane travel, limiting their intake of animal products, and consuming far less manufactured goods. It will take much more than a village, but it’s possible — and everyone is responsible 15． what happens next.
【答案】
第一部分:听力
1-5：BCACB 6-10：BACBB 11-15： ACBCA 16-20 ：BAACC
听力原文
Text 1
W: Pass me the orange juice, please?
M: Sorry, I didn’t hear that. The kids are making such a noise.
W: I like peace and quiet while dining. They should play their pop songs elsewhere. (1)
Text 2
M: Who was that knocking at the window? Did we lock Allie out again?
W: No, our kid has slept soundly. (2) It was one of those wild turkeys in the neighborhood. They like to hit our door and windows with their heads. They’re worse than the cat!
Text 3
W: It’s so cold here. Let’s go to the beach for the holiday. I found cheap tickets to the south of France in December.
M: I was thinking about a ski trip, but we can save that for February. (3)
Text 4
M: Can you believe it? Just a few weeks ago we were wearing shorts and now we are wrapped up against winter winds?
W: The weather changes so fast in this city. In summer it’s hot, and now we have this freezing weather. (4) But spring will soon come around.
Text 5
M: I’d like one pound of beef, two pounds of ham, and two more pounds of chicken. How much will that cost?
W: That will be $25, sir. I’ll have to cut the beef up. It should only take about five minutes. (5)
Text 6
W: I got my driver’s license the day I turned 18, but my parents didn’t let me drive till three years later. (6)
M: My parents bought me a second-hand car when I got my driver’s license.
W: You are lucky. I had to have all of my friends drive me around for years! They were all older than me by a few months and still had their licenses before I did. What month were you born in? I was born in September. My birthday is exactly two months after my sister’s!
M: I was born on Christmas actually. (7) It gets a little annoying because we have to celebrate both and I don’t get my own day!
Text 7
W: How was your camping trip last weekend, John?
M: Not great. The first night we stayed at one of those camping areas where you need to pay to get in. There were too many people there, though. (8) (9)
W: So, what happened next?
M: The next day we decided to hike about four hours to a spot where there wasn’t anybody around. (9) That was a big mistake.
W: Why?
M: None of us brought anything to make a fire with. Then it started raining, and we realized even with our warm clothes it was too cold to stay overnight.
W: So what did you do?
M: We hiked back to the original camping area in complete darkness. We left the next morning because everyone was too tired from the night before. (9) What did you do?
W: I watched a movie at home by a nice wood fire.
Text 8
M: Roger is so intelligent. (10) He thinks for himself. He’s a hard worker. He has good ideas and he doesn’t follow the crowd.
W: So why does he do so badly in his exams? (10)
M: Because he suffers from anxiety. He lacks confidence. (10) His brain is so active and he thinks too much. When it comes to exams, his intelligence actually works against him.
W: I wish we could help him. It seems so unfair that a person’s future can be determined by how well they perform on one particular day.
M: It is unfair — but life is unfair. We must try to help him by showing him how to keep calm in stressful situations. (11)
W: How do we do that? I can’t say that I’m exactly an expert at dealing with stress, although I am better at it than I used to be.
M: I can help him. I always think that exercise is a great way for dealing with stress and anxiety. When you have exhausted yourself while doing exercise, you don’t have the energy to be nervous. (12)
W: That is so right! I always feel calm after working out in the gym. (12)
Text 9
M: How is the job hunt going? (13)
W: I’ve applied to more than 20 jobs and had three interviews. I got two job offers but I do not really like either of them. (13)
M: Why not?
W: Neither of them gave me a good salary offer. I think I deserve more than that.
M: Have you researched what kind of salary your position should earn?
W: Yes, and I should be getting much more than what they are offering me.
M: Well, do you like the companies and the benefits they are offering you?
W: I do, especially one of them called The Creator. (14) They got a lot of great reviews from their employees, and they are offering a great benefits package which includes medical and dental insurance and more holiday time than any other company. (14)
M: That’s great. Don’t just decline the job offer. You know what, you can negotiate the salary offer they give you. (16)
W: I’d been at the company we were at for so long. (15) I forgot about the job process. I am a little worried about asking for more.
M: Listen! If they offered you a job, that means they want you! Especially in your field, data analytics, you are needed in today’s job market. Everyone needs people to figure out what to do with all the data being collected.
W: You have a point. I will give them a call right now. (16)
Text 10 (第20题为总结题)
Hello everyone, and thank you for inviting me to speak at your school. (17) Now here is a big word for you — volcanologist. That is my job. Volcanology is the study of volcanoes and I spend much of my time traveling to volcanoes around the world. China can count itself lucky. It doesn’t have many active volcanoes. The last one to erupt was in 1951. My job has taken me to many countries, from Italy to the U.S. I have just come back from Indonesia, (18) one of the most active volcanic areas. So why is my job important? Because when we understand volcanoes, we can predict how they will behave and help protect the people who live near them from possible harm. When we think of volcanoes erupting, we think of rocks but perhaps the biggest danger is from ash. There have been some very famous volcano eruptions. Krakatoa, in Indonesia, erupted in 1883, killing over 36,000 people. Santorini, in Greece, was ruined by an explosion about 3600 years ago. But the most famous eruption was Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD. (19) Ash from the explosion buried the Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving them so well that we can now visit them today. They are a treasure for historians, so you could say every volcanic cloud has a silver lining.
第二部分：阅读理解
第一节
A
21．A22．B23．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《少年周刊》杂志社准备开展一次有趣的故事写作征文比赛，文章对比赛的规则、要求、方式以及奖励等方面进行了详细的说明。
21．细节理解题。根据文章HOW TO ENTER部分“Ask a parent or guardian to send your entry to awr itelaugh@littletiger co.uk ”（ 请家长或监护人将您的报名登记发送至awritelaugh@littletigerco.uk）可知为了参加比赛，参赛者必须将自己的故事发送至awritelaugh@littletiger.co.uk。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据文章What you win部分“Each of the nine winners will have their story included in a special e-book that will be available online.“（九位获奖者中的每一位都将把他们的故事写进一本特别的电子书中，这本书将在网上提供。）说明获奖者将在电子书中看到他们的故事。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Privacy: Any personal data relating to entrants will not be disclosed to third party without the individual's permission. We will only use the information you provide to determine your admissibility and to contact you in relation to your entry.”（隐私：未经个人许可，不得向第三方披露与参赛者有关的任何个人数据。我们将仅使用您提供的信息来确定您是否可以参加，并就您的参加事宜与您联系。）说明根据条款和条件，个人数据将用于比赛。故选C项。
B
24．A25．C26．C27．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的父亲由于贫穷无法读书，但是他对学习很重视，要求自己的孩子每天都要学习新知识，强调持续学习。表达了作者对于父亲的敬爱。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then.(爸爸是一个赤贫农民的儿子，他很早就离开了学校，到一家工厂工作，因为那时教育是富人的事)”可知，穷人几乎负担不起学校教育。故选 A。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.(后来，在我接受培训成为一名未来的教师期间，我师从了一些最著名的教育家。他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西——持续学习的价值。他的技术使我受益终生)”可推知，作者很欣赏他父亲的教育技巧。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.(他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西——持续学习的价值。他的技术使我受益终生)”结合上文讲述父亲每天都让孩子们讨论当天所发生的重大事情，以此来让孩子每天都学到新的知识，这样的讨论都是在吃饭的时候进行的，由此可推知“dinner time”对作者最大的价值是持续学习。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned.(因此，爸爸坚持我们每天至少要学一件新东西。晚餐时间似乎很适合分享我们所学到的东西)”可知，作者的爸爸是一位坚持每天让孩子学习一件新东西，是一位坚持对孩子教育的家长。故选D。
C
28．B29．D30．A31．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“凡尔赛文学”，以及来源和存在形式。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Known as humblebragging, it is a boast disguised as a complaint. "I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate?" and "I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night" are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off-usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that's not the point. (这被称为谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸。“我的房子太多了。我怎么决定要装饰哪一个呢？”和“我想今天早上我瘦了。当我意识到是因为我把昨晚男朋友送给我的巨大钻石戒指摘下来的时候，我非常失望。”其目的是炫耀——通常是一些物质价值的东西，但人们应该假装这不是重点)”可知，“凡尔赛文学”是指谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸，其目的是炫耀——通常是一些物质价值的东西。B项“有五个人排着队想和我约会，我都不知道约哪个好”是典型的“凡尔赛文学”。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars.(根据学者们的研究，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了在获得成功的同时得到别人的认可和喜欢)”可知，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了赢得别人的钦佩。故选D。
30．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“humblebragging is a "strategy in pursuit of respect" because it draws attention to one's accomplishments in a”可知，谦虚自夸是用自谦的方式来吹牛，是一种间接地表达优越感的方式。划线词circuitous的意思是“间接、迂回”。A. Roundabout迂回的；B. Straightforward直接的；C. Ambiguous模棱两可的；D. Double-edged双刃剑，有利有弊。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? "Just pretend you don't get whatever it is they try to show off," a netizen advised." And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints."(那么，我们怎么去惹恼谦虚的自夸者呢?一位网友建议说:“就假装没得到他们想要炫耀的东西吧。”并对他们的抱怨报以真诚的同情。)”可推知，用真正地同情来回应会让谦虚的自夸者泄气。故选C
D
32．D33．B34．C35．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了传授学生农业种植知识的组织Startup，该组织旨在鼓励年轻人过上更健康的生活。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“The group is called Startup Roots, which is teaching students about hydroponics, and as a result, they are learning nutrition and science.”（这个组织被称为Startup Roots，它向学生传授水培技术，因此，他们正在学习营养和科学。）可知，Startup组织传授学生关于一种农业种植系统的知识。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming.”（她之所以选择水培法，是因为与传统耕作方式相比，水培法节约90%的水，每米种植的植物更多。）可知，Robin Katz对水培法感兴趣是因为它节约用水，产量也更高。故选B项。
34．细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“Their first project created a soilless farm using just 100 square meters of a school.”（他们的第一个项目是用100平方米的学校创建一个无土农场。）及“The students were excited to pick vegetables in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1500 vegetables per month!”（学生们兴奋地在短短30天内采摘蔬菜，很快每个月就能生产1500种蔬菜! ）可知，Startup的第一个无土农场在一个月内收集了蔬菜。故选C项。
35．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Aside from producing organic vegetables in schools, the organization is planting roots in this young generation, encouraging them to lead healthier and more environmentally-friendly lives.”（除了在学校生产有机蔬菜，该组织还在这一代年轻人中扎根，鼓励他们过上更健康、更环保的生活。）可知，Startup组织的终极目标是鼓励年轻人过更健康的生活。故选B项。
第二节
36．D37．F38．G39．B40．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了四种应对文化冲击带来的影响的方法，帮助人们克服或者缓解文化冲击带来的不适和感受。
36．根据前句“Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty,confusion,or anxiety”（文化冲击是一种不确定、困惑或焦虑的感觉。）前文提出来文化冲击这个概念，这个空应该也是关于文化冲击带来的感觉，D项“Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong.”其中a feeling与前文feeling相呼应。故选D项。
37．根据后句“It's because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values，and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture.”（这是因为他们周围的人都有相同的信仰和价值观，只有当你遇到别人的文化时，文化差异才会明显。）可知，F项“Many people don’t realize how culture influences them.”其中culture与后句中cultural differences形成呼应结构，符合本段语境。故选F项。
38．根据下文“You can also put something down if you're missing anyone from your hometown”（意思是如果你想念家乡的人，你也可以写下一些东西。）可知，这段话是在介绍远离故乡在外的时候的情况。G项“Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country.”其中moved to a new city or country与后句中missing anyone from your hometown相呼应，表示关于远离故乡，离开故乡的事情。故选G项。
39．根据下文“You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends”（你可以和你的亲戚朋友分享你的感受和经历。）可知，B项“Talk to others about your experiences.”中experiences与后文中feelings and experiences形成呼应结构，符合本段语境，因此这个空作为这段话的主题句，说和别人谈论你的经历。故选B项。
40．根据上文“Do some things you usually like”（做一些你平时喜欢做的事情。）可知E项“You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy.”其中you enjoy与前文you usually like相呼应，表示听一些你喜欢听的音乐或者看你喜欢看的电影。故选E项。

第三部分：语言知识运用
第一节
41．C42．D43．A44．C45．D46．B47．A48．B49．A50．B
51．D52．C53．A54．A55．D56．C57．B58．D59．C60．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在美国出生，小时候不懂汉语，到唐人街买鱼被嘲笑，这次经历让作者反思对中国语言文化的传承。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前闪着写有汉字的卡片，但我把它们推开了。A. custom风俗；B. games游戏；C. characters角色，字符；D. language语言。根据“Chinese, the language of my ancestors.”可知，此处表示父母希望作者学习中国汉字。故选C。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ahead提前；B. around周围，围绕；C. along向前；D. aside在旁边。根据““Still can’t speak Chinese?””可知，作者不愿意学汉语，把写有汉字的卡片推开了。Push…aside为固定短语，意为“把……推到一边”。故选D。
43．考查从属连词辨析。句意：我妈妈相信我准备好的时候就会学会的。A. when当……时候；B. before在……之前；C. unless除非；D. until直到。根据“I was ready”可知，作者的妈妈相信他准备好的时候会学习的。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这一时刻一直没有到来。A. success成功；B. study学习；C. time时间；D. attempt尝试。根据“My mom believed I would learn ___3___ I was ready.”和“but”可知，学习汉字的这个时刻一直没有到来。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个中国的除夕，我的叔叔用中文和我说话，但我所能做的就是困惑地盯着他，挠着头。A. aim目标是；B. joke开玩笑；C. nod点头；D. stare凝视。根据“confused, scratching my head.”可知，作者因为不会汉语，只能盯着叔叔。故选D。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“还是不会说中文?”他嘲笑我说:“在唐人街连鱼都买不到。”A. cared about关心，在乎；B. laughed at嘲笑；C. argued with与……争论；D. asked after问候，询问。根据““Still can’t speak Chinese?””和“ “You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown.””可知，作者的叔叔在嘲笑他不会汉语。故选B。
47．考查固定短语辨析。句意：“不管有没有中文，我马上就能买到一些。”A. right now立刻，马上；B. from now从现在起；C. at times有时候；D. in time及时。根据“I’ll get some”可知，作者说自己虽然不会汉语，但马上就能买到一些鱼。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回答说，然后转身向妈妈寻求许可。A. decision决定；B. permission允许；C. information信息；D. preparation准备。根据““Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu ,” she said, handing over a $20 bill.”可知，作者向妈妈寻求许可。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我重复着这句话，跑下楼来到唐人街的街道上。A. repeated重复；B. reviewed复习；C. spelled拼写；D. kept保持。根据“the words”可知，作者害怕忘记一直在重复妈妈的话。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现鱼摊周围挤满了顾客。A. farm农场；B. stand摊点；C. pond池塘；D. market市场。根据“surrounded in a sea of customers”可知，作者来到了小鱼摊。故选B。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他不理睬我的英语单词，转身为下一位顾客服务。A. guessed猜；B. forgot忘记；C. doubted怀疑；D. ignored忽视，不予理睬。根据“turned to serve the next customer.”可知，卖鱼的人没有理睬作者。故选D。
52．考查介词词义辨析。句意：后面的人越来越不耐烦，笑得更厉害了。A. by通过；B. as作为；C. with带有；D. from从。根据“The laugh of the people behind increased”可知，作者身后的人因为失去耐心而开始笑起来。故选C。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每过一秒，背上的龙的气息就变得更强——我的血液沸腾——迫使我大叫:“请给我先生鱼。”A. second秒；B. effort努力；C. desire愿望，渴望；D. movement活动。根据“turned to serve the next customer.”和“the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger”可知，随着时间的推移，作者生气了。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forcing强迫；B. allowing允许；C. persuading劝说；D. leading引导。根据“my blood boiling”可知，作者被激怒了，因此强迫自己大声喊出来需要买的东西。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的脸一下子红了，除了口袋里紧紧攥着的那张20美元外，两手空空地跑回家。A. bright明亮的；B. blank空白的；C. pale苍白的；D. red红色的。根据“The crowd erupted into laughter.”可知，作者因为人们的嘲笑涨红了脸。故选D。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. open-mouthed瞠目结舌的；B. tongue-tied结巴的；C. empty-handed空手的；D. broken-hearted心碎的。根据“except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket.”可知，作者拿着妈妈给的钱回家了，因此是没有买到鱼，手里是空的。故选C。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我应该感觉像在家里一样。A. service服务；B. home家；C. risk冒险；D. root根。根据“They’re Chinese. I am Chinese.”可知，同为中国人，作者应该感到自在，像在家里一样。故选B。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，我自嘲买鱼事件，但最终，这个笑话是在我身上。A. trade贸易；B. deed行为；C. challenge挑战；D. incident小事件。结合语境可知，此处指作者有时候会回忆起买鱼这件小事。故选D。
59．考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A. it它；B. us我们；C. me我；D. them他们。作者以买鱼这件小事自嘲，当然自嘲的对象是作者本人。故选C。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次笑都是一种文化的流失，每一次笑声都是传承的消失。A. thrown扔；B. lost丢失；C. divided分开；D. reflected反映，思考。空处和“fading away”对应，每一次嘲笑都是文化的流失。故选B。
第二节
61．used62．writing63．which64．have occurred65．to erase
66．for67．a68．importance69．more70．completely
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本出现了严重的涂鸦问题，当地政府希望提高游客对沙丘重要性的认识，保护沙丘的美丽景观。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这并不是一种常见的用喷漆罐在墙上的涂鸦。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作cans的后置定语，与cans之间为被动关系，故填used。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：官员们要求游客们不要再在巨大的沙丘上写写画画了。give up doing为固定用法，意为“放弃做某事”，故填writing。
63．考查定语从句。句意：官员们表示，涂鸦对沙丘造成了破坏，破坏了其他人欣赏沙子的乐趣。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。
64．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的十年里，该旅游景点发生了3300多起“沙子涂鸦”事件。根据时间状语“in the past decade”可知，此句应该用现在完成时， 故填have occurred。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年1月，两名海外游客被要求删除一条长达25米的“娜塔莉生日快乐”信息。be ordered to do为固定用法，意为“被要求做某事”，故填to erase。
66．考查介词。句意：鸟取沙丘以其自然美景闻名于日本。be famous for为固定用法，意为“因......而著名”，符合句意，故填for。
67．考查冠词。句意：它们是日本最大最长的沙丘，是日本海海岸一个风景优美的海岸公园的一部分。scenic coastal park前缺少冠词，此处为泛指，且scenic 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
68．考查名词。句意：当地政府希望提高游客对沙丘重要性的认识。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此空应该填名词，故填importance。
69．考查比较级。句意：政府将设立更多英文、中文和韩文的标志，呼吁人们尊重沙丘。根据句意以及修饰比较级的much可知，此处应该用形容词比较级，故填more。
70．考查副词。句意：一位发言人表示：“我们担心这些规定是否被完全理解，我们希望继续保护美丽的沙丘景观。”此处应该用副词修饰动词understood，故填completely。
第四部分：写作
第一节
1. However→Therefore2. 在purpose之后加of3.lasts→lasted4. encouraging→encouraged
5. were→was6. it→them7. packing→pack8.删除the9. tiring→tired10.what→that
【详解】本文是记叙文。主要记述作者参与募捐书籍活动的经历。
1.考查副词的用法。句意：许多高中学生拥有的少儿书已经不需要了。因此，我们学校开展了捐书活动。这两句之间是因果关系，故将However改为Therefore。
2.考查介词的用法。句意：把书捐给那些有小孩的贫困家庭。固定短语with the purpose of表示“目的是”。故在purpose之后加of。
3.考查动词时态。句意：这项活动持续了一周。这里指过去的事情，要用一般过去时。故将lasts改为lasted。
4.考查动词语态。句意：我们学校的学生受到鼓励，他们积极向家人，朋友和邻居收集少儿书。当时学生受到鼓励，应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故将encouraging改为encouraged。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：我和其他的志愿者负责检查，打包。本句的主语是I而不是other volunteers因此谓语动词与I保持一致。故将were改为was。
6.考查代词的用法。句意：我和其他的志愿者负责检查，打包。打包的东西是书，有许多书，因此用them指代书。故将it改为them。
7.考查非谓语动词（不定式）的用法。句意：为了完成好这次任务，我提前向父亲学习如何打包。根据how to do可知动词不定式和疑问词连用，做宾语。故将packing改为pack。
8.考查固定短语中冠词多余。句意：为了完成好这次任务，我提前向父亲学习如何打包。表示：提前。英语用固定短语in advance。故删除the。
9.考查形容词的用法。句意：尽管在周末我很累，但我很高兴，因为我做的事情对社会有影响。表示人感到累，要用过去分词。故将tiring改为tired。
10.考查连接词的用法。句意：尽管在周末我很累，但我很高兴，因为我做的事情对社会有影响。happy后跟的从句成分齐全，要用that，构成was happy that引导的宾语从句。故将what改为that。
第二节
Volunteering in the Sunshine Children's Home
Last Sunday all the students in my class went to the Sunshine Children's Home for voluntary work.
We got up early and set off at 7 o’clock. All the students paid special attention to this activity. On arrival, we presented the kids with many beautiful gifts, which attracted the children’s attention right now. Then we organized the kids to carry out different activities. Some taught the older to draw pictures. Others told stories to the younger. Later we held a party, playing games, singing and dancing together. All day the kids were surrounded with happiness. On the way back home, we felt a strong sense of achievement because everyone think this kind of voluntary work is significant.
Not only does it enrich our life experience but also it improve our sense of social responsibility.
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向学校英语报投稿，说明上周日开展志愿者活动的情况，并做出评论。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
出发：set off→set out
礼物：gift→present
立刻：right now→right away
有意义的：significant→meaningful
2.句式拓展
简单句变并列句
原句：Some taught the older to draw pictures. Others told stories to the younger.
拓展句：Some taught the older to draw pictures while others told stories to the younger.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]On arrival, we presented the kids with many beautiful gifts, which attracted the children’s attention right now. （运用了which引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]Not only does it enrich our life experience but also it improve our sense of social responsibility.（运用了部分倒装结构）
核心素养练
1．G2．F3．E4．C5．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍生活中如何减少使用塑料。
1．根据前句“It goes without saying that plastic is killing our planet.(不用说，塑料正在毁灭我们的星球。)”和后句“Here are some ways you can do your part for the earth( 这里有一些你可以为地球尽一份力的方法)”可知，我们已经注意到塑料的危害，且可以采取一定的措施。所以选择项G“It's true that we’ve started to take notice but so much more needs to be done(的确，我们已经开始注意到这一点，但还有很多事情需要做)”符合上下文语境。故答案为G。
2．根据小标题“Go cupless (无纸杯化)”和后文“Many cups for hot drinks are advertised as recyclable. Skip out the fuss and simply bring your own for a guilt free and cheaper coffee.(许多热饮的杯子都被宣传为可回收的。不要大惊小怪，只要自己带就可以了，这样既不会有罪恶感又便宜)”建议顾客自己带杯子。 所以选择项F“The only condition is that they bring in their own reusable cups (唯一的条件是他们携带自己的可重复使用的杯子)”符合上下文语境。故答案为F。
3．根据前文“A brilliant way to avoid buying needless plastic is to buy fresh produce from local shops. Supermarkets contribute more than 800,000 tons of plastic packaging waste every year. (避免购买不必要的塑料的一个聪明的方法是从当地商店购买新鲜的农产品。超市每年产生的塑料包装垃圾超过80万吨)”可知，建议购买当地产品。所以选择项E“By buying locally you reduce the waste and support locals (通过在当地购买，你可以减少浪费并支持当地居民)”符合上下文语境。故答案为E。
4．根据前文“Companies such as Lush are passionate about bringing beautiful eco-friendly products to their customers and have very little packaging. Get to know the companies you buy from. (像Lush这样的公司热衷于将漂亮的环保产品带给他们的客户，并且几乎没有包装。了解你购买的公司)”和后句“You may get to be surprised at the recycling options they give (你可能会对他们提供的回收选择感到惊讶)”可知，建议支持没有产品包装的公司。所以选择项C“Get to support them (去支持它们)”符合上下文语境。该句中的“them”即指代“the companies”，故答案为C。
5．该句为下文小标题，与上文各个小标题形成并列关系，且对下文内容做出总结。根据下文“Cut out the packaging and harmful ingredients by creating natural products of your own. You can make the cleaning products all by yourself. (通过创造你自己的天然产品，去掉包装和有害成分。你可以自己做清洁用品)”可知，本段陈述可以自己动手做些用品。所以选择项B“Do a little DIY (自己动手做一点)”符合题意，可以作为小标题。故答案为B。

6．have caused7．took8．but9．which10．to keep
11．hopeless12．the13．growth14．cutting15．for
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。全球气温变化实际上是一个自然过程。然而，人类对能源、制成品、运输和动物产品的需求增加了碳排放。面对气候变化，各国政府现在应该关注的是促进可再生能源的使用，支持绿色农业，以及减少人口增长。
6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自19世纪以来，我们已经造成了超过1摄氏度的升温。句中since是连词，意思是“自从……以来”，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，且主句主语是we，复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have caused。
7．考查动词时态。句意：相比之下，冰河期之后，地球升温4-7°C需要5000年。根据after ice ages可知这里在描述过去发生的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故填took。
8．考查连词。句意：这个小数字似乎微不足道，但气温上升对全球产生了巨大影响。该句是并列句，前后分句是转折关系。故填but。
9．考查定语从句。句意：动物和生态系统无法跟上新的变化速度，这迫使许多物种灭绝。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，由关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：反过来，这又反过来困扰着人类，人类依赖于所有生态系统的平衡来维持我们的生活方式。此处表目的，应用动词定式。故填to keep。
11．考查形容词。句意：除非我们完全改变我们的习惯，我们的未来可能是无望的。句中be动词后面用形容词作表语，hope有两个形容词，hopeful的意思是“有希望的，”hopeless的意思是“没有希望的”，根据语境可知，此处指“无望的”。故填hopeless。
12．考查冠词。句意：面对气候变化，各国政府现在应该关注的是推广可再生能源的使用，支持绿色农业，减少人口增长。此处特指可再生能源的使用，需用定冠词the。故填the。
13．考查名词。句意同上。此处指“人口的增长”，应用名词growth，故填growth。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：个人可以注意减少汽车和飞机旅行，限制动物产品的摄入量，并大大减少制造品的消费。固定短语：pay attention to“注意，重视”，其中to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故填cutting。
15．考查介词。句意：这需要的远远不止一个村庄，但这是可能的——每个人都要对接下来发生的事情负责。固定短语：be responsible for“对……负责”。故填for。