11 状语从句-备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练(全国通用)

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备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练(全国通用）
11 状语从句
【知识框架】
种 类
从属连词
例 句
说 明
时
间
状
从
When
whenever
When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。
We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。
when指的是“某一具体的时间”
whenever指的是“在任何时间”
when
I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。
when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。
while
While it was raining, they went out.天下雨的时候，他们出去了。
I stayed while he was away.他不在的时候我在。
while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的
as
He hurried home, looking behind as he went.
他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。
as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生
before
Be a pupil before you become a teacher.先做学生，再做先生。

after
He arrived after the game started.比赛开始后，他到了。

till
We waited till (until)he came back .我们一直等到他回来。
如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”
until
She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .她到11点钟才停止工作。
Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.
她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。
如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until
since

as soon as
Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。
As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。
状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。
hardly…when

no sooner…than
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站，火车就走了。
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停。
hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当于as soon as,但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装
every time, by the time, the moment等
Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.我每次乘船都晕船。
The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.
我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。
Next time you come ,you’ll see him.下次你来的时候，就会见到他。
在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用现在时或过去时代替将来时
地
点
状
从
where

wherever
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里就有生命。
You are free to go wherever you like.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。
Wherever you go, you must obey the law.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。
where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语
原
因
状
从
because
I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。
because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强
since
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。
since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首
as
As he didn’t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .
由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。
从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。
now that, seeing that
Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.
鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。
Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.
鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。
seeing (that), now that 和since, as 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去
目
的
状
从

that

so that

in order that

lest = for fear that
I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.
我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。
We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.
我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。
They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。
Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.
多穿点衣服，以免感冒。
目的状语从句中常用情态动词may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号
结
果
状
从
so that

so…that
We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.
我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了新闻。
He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word.
他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。
so that前有逗号为结果状语从句
so…that的so后面跟形容词或副词
such…that
He gave such important reasons that he was excused.
他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。
It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.
It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.
这是一本十分有趣的书，大家都想看。
such…that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a /an…that还可以转换用so…that，语气较强
条
件
状
从

if

unless

as/so long as
in case
so far as
Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.
如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。
We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。
= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.
So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.
只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。
In case I forget, please remind me about it .万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。
So far as I know, the book will be published next month.
据我所知，那本书下月出版。
unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用
条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时
方
式
状
从
as

as if…
as though
Draw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的画一只猫。
Do as you are told.按照人家告诉你做的去做。
She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好象是生病了。
He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。
They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.
他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。
此处as译为：按照或正如
as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气
让
步
状
从

although
though
Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.
虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。
We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.
虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。
在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面
even if,even though
I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。
even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中
as
Child as he is , he knows a lot .虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。
Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.
虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。
as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用
though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。
no matter (who, what when, where which, how…)
Do it no matter what others say.不管别人怎么说,尽管干。
No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.
不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。
No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.
不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。
no matter……与 who-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一 样，no matter……引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后

wh+ever (whatever whoever ,whenever whichever ,however)
Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.
无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。
Whoever comes, he will be welcome.无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。

比
较
状
从
as…as ,
not so/as…as
the same…as
such…as
Mary is as old as my sister.玛利和我姐姐一样大。
He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。
His book is the same as mine.他的书和我的一样。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。
连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as
…than…
She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.
她今年比去年进步更大。
He bought fewer books than I (did).他买的书比我买的少。

the more
…the more…
The more you read, the better you understand.你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。
The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.
你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
The sooner, the better.越快越好。The warmer, the better.越暖和越好。
the more…the more 意思为越…越…，通常的语序为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词或副词前面
【能力提升】
1. Mr Lee helps his wife with housework every day, ________ he’s tired after one day’s work.
A. as though B. so that C. even though D. as long as
2. Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
A. because B. until C. before D. although
3. —Do you plan to go to Lisa’s party tomorrow?
—Yes, if I ________.
A. am invited B. was invited C. invite D. am inviting
4. ________ it looks like a huge monster, that country is in reality a paper tiger.
A. Even if B. Even C. As D. As if
5. If city noises ________ from increasing, people ________ shout to be heard even at dinner.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have
C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to
6. She came up with several ideas about the house decoration ________ a fantastic one popped into her mind.
A. until B. before C. since D. unless
7. ________ they never reached their goal of spaceflight ,they led the way for other Amercian women to travel into space .
A. Unless B. Even though
C. Now that D. Once
8. _______ digital technology is bridging geographic distance, highly skilled workers are increasingly crowding into cities.
A. Where B. As C. While D. When
9. Mike is looking for a temporary job in the city center ________ he can save up some money to go travelling this summer .
A. in case B. even if
C. now that D. so that
10. ________ you want me to fire you, I suggest you stop wearing sports clothes at office.
A. As long as B. As far as C. Since D. Unless
11. Alice's father always brings her a nice gift ________ he returns home from his business trip.
A. by the time B. at the time C. every time D. in the time
12. It was ________ my father worked ________ I work now.
A. where; that B. wherever; where C. that; where D. that; that
13. ________, you’ll never be able to persuade him.
A. However hard may you try B. Try however hard you may
C. However hard you may try D. Try hard however you may
14. It was only ________ I reread his poems recently ________ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. that; when B. that; that C. until; that D. when; that
15. _________ advice I give him, he always behaves in his own way. I simply can’t do anything with him.
A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter
16. I thought her nice and honest ________ I met her.
A. for the first time B. the first time C. at first D. in the first time
17. ________ he came back home that we knew what had happened.
A. When it was B. It was when C. Was it when D. When was it
18. Much to my surprise, she burst into tears ________ she read the letter.
A. directly B. poorly C. fast D. likely
19. —Excuse me, sir. When can we buy Justin Bieber's newest album?
—Not until it________next month.
A. will be recorded B. records
C. is recorded D. recorded
20. —I'm going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend.
— ________ you are there, could you buy me some green tea?
A. Because B. While C. After D. Though
21. The company has set up a free telephone number ________ people can call with any questions about its products.
A. so that B. even if C. as if D. in case
22. ________ Matthew didn’t win speech contest, he was still wearing a smile on his face.
A. Since B. Unless C. Because D. Although
23. I hadn’t had trouble learning English ________ one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.
A. unless B. until C. after D. when
24. ________ the epidemic is put under control, we still need to wear masks.
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
25. No sooner ________ home ________ I told him the exciting news.
A. had he got; when B. had he got; than
C. he had got; when D. he had got; than
26. ________there is a bicycle path near the river, it is dangerous to ride a bike at high speed there.
A. Because B. If C. Once D. Although
27. Old ________ Professor Sinistra is, she often works diligently with us from morning till night.
A. although B. even though C. as if D. as
28. The words “level”, “kayak” and “racecar” are the same ________ they are read left to right or right to left.
A. though B. as C. whether D. unless
29. ________ you can sleep well for one or two nights, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated.
A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When
30. There is no secret to success. I just paid more attention ________ my colleagues tried a little and moved on.
A. where B. what C. because D. as
31. Rude and stupid ________ Trump seems, he is actually quite good at influencing people.
A. while B. although C. as D. since
32. Hopefully, all the students, ________ staying at home or living at school, are supposed to control themselves strictly.
A. whether B. however C. no matter D. though
33. ________ he had spent years apart from home and endured extreme conditions, Deng Jiaxian refused to back down from his responsibilities.
A. Because B. Unless C. While D. Since
34. Encourage your child in his interests and hobbies ________ they're things that you know little about.
A. so that B. even if C. in case D. as if
35. Bring an umbrella with you________ it rains.
A. in any case B. in no case C. in case D. in that case
36. ________ I respect you, I don’t agree with your viewpoint ________ she is failing to find a well-paid job again.
A. When; which B. As; where C. If; how D. While; that
37. We will sit in the front of the hall ________we can hear the speaker clearly.
A. so as to B. in order to C. in order that D. such that
38. In fact, some accounts suggest that ________ Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on ________ head.
A. while; the B. because; the C. since; his D. although; his
39. Which of the following sentences is wrong?
A. He spoke abruptly, in barely comprehensible Arabic.
B. We overlook our own roles in shaping children’s minds.
C. After losing her sight, her other senses grew more sensitive.
D. Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course.
40. ________ the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than________ creatively.
A. Though; to think B. As; thinking
C. Though; thinking D. As; to think
41. Located ________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. where B. in C. which D. on
42. Chinese overseas students are encouraged to return, ________ they honestly fill out medical forms and strictly follow the quarantine（隔离期）rules.
A. though B. as long as C. unless D. as if
43. You should try to get a good night's sleep _________ much work you have to do.
A. whatever B. no matter C. although D. however
44. Dr. Wu promised that he wouldn’t stop doing operations ________ he was too weak to.
A. if B. unless C. when D. because
45. I failed the exam________ I did my best. But I’ll try harder next time.
A. when B. until C. though D. because



参考答案
1. C
【解析】考查复合连词词义辨析。句意：Lee先生每天帮助妻子做家务，尽管他工作一天后很累。A. as though好像；B. so that以便；C. even though尽管；D. as long as只要。根据句意可知，前后文有转折关系，even though“尽管”引导让步状语从句，符合句意。故选C项。
2. A
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：感到恐惧是有益于健康的，因为它能帮助你慢下来，正确评估风险。A. because因为；B. until直到；C. before在……之前；D. although虽然。根据语境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的，这是一个原因状语从句，适用because（因为）引导，故选A。
3. A
【解析】考查时态和语态。——你打算明天去丽萨的聚会吗？——是的，如果我被邀请的话。根据问句中“tomorrow”可知，问句询问的是将来的事，答语为“if”引导的条件状语从句，从句应用一般现在时表将来，且主语“I”与“invite”之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词”，“I”与“am”连用，“invite”意为“邀请”，动词词性，过去分词为“invited”，故空格处应用“am invited”。故选A项。
4. A
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然看起来像个巨型怪物，但那个国家在本质上却是一只纸老虎。A. Even if即使(引导让步状语从句)；B. Even甚至(是副词，不能引导从句)；C. As当……时，因为，虽然(表“尽管；虽然”时引导让步状语从句，但要倒装)；D. As if好像。根据句意和分析句子可知， Even if “即使”符合该空用法，引导让步状语从句。故选A项。
5. A
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：如果不阻止城市噪音的增加，即使在吃饭的时候，人们也必须大声喊叫才能被听到。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为“If”引导的条件状语从句，主句应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，“keep…from doing”意为“阻止……做某事”，从句中“city noises”和“keep”之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，空格一填“are not kept”，主句应用一般将来时，“have to”意为“不得不”，空格二填“will have to”。故选A项。
6. B
【解析】考查连词。句意：在想到一个极好的主意之前，她想出了几个装修房子的想法。A.until 直到；B.before在…之前；C.since自从，；D.unless除非。结合句意可知，根据句意可知只有先有几个想法，然后才有好主意才符合逻辑，，故选择B项。
7. B
【解析】考查从属连词辨析。句意：虽然她们从未实现过太空飞行的目标，但她们引领了其他美国女性进入太空的道路。A.Unless除非；B.Even though尽管；C.Now that既然；D.Once一旦。根据句意可知，本句为Even though引导的让步状语从句。故选B项。
8. C
【解析】考查连词。句意：虽然数字技术拉近地理上的距离，但高技能工人正越来越多地涌入城市。A. Where在哪；B.As正如，因为，当，随着，尽管；C.While虽然；D.When当......时候。分析前后句逻辑可知，上下句为转折关系，While置于句首相当于Although；as引导让步状语从句必须倒装，故B排除。故选C。
【点睛】

9. D
【解析】考查从属连词辨析。句意：迈克正在市中心找一份临时工作，这样他就可以存些钱今年夏天去旅游了。A.in case以防；B.even if尽管；C.now that既然；D.so that以便。根据句意可知，本句为so that引导的目的状语从句。故选D项。
10. D
【解析】考查从属连词。句意：除非你想让我解雇你，我建议你不要在办公室穿运动服。A.As long as只要；B.As far as就……而言；C.Since既然；D.Unless除非。根据句意可知“Unless除非、如果不”引导条件状语从句，符合句意，故选择D项。
11. C
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：艾丽丝的父亲每次出差回家都会给她带一件漂亮的礼物。by the time到……时候（为止）；at the time在一定时间；every time每次；由句意可知，此处用连接词every time引导时间状语从句。故选C项。
12. A
【解析】考查状语从句和强调句。句意：我现在工作的地方就是我父亲工作的地方。本句考查强调句，强调句型的基本结构：it is/was + 被强调成分 + that/who其它成分，句中强调where引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”。故选A。
13. C
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你多努力，你都劝不动他。分析句子可知，此句为however引导的让步状语从句，其结构为：however+ adj./ adv.+主语+谓语。故选C。
14. D
【解析】考查状语从句和强调句。句意：直到最近重读他的诗，我才开始欣赏它们的美。根据句意可知，第一空用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”；第二空，去掉It was和空处，句子成分依然完整，符合强调句结构，it is + 被强调成分 + that+其余部分。本句强调时间状语。故选D。
15. B
【解析】考查从属连词。句意：无论我给她什么建议，他总是以自己的方式行事。我根本不能和他打交道。A.How怎样；B.Whatever无论什么；C.However然而；D.No matter无论（后面不能接名词或名词性短语）。结合选项，无论什么“whatever”，符合句意，引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，故选B项。
16. B
【解析】考查短语词义辨析和时间状语从句引导词。句意：我第一次见到她就觉得她人很好，很诚实。A. for the first time第一次；B. the first time第一次；C. at first起初；刚开始；D. in the first time在第一次。分析句意可知，“________ I met her” 为时间状语从句，表达“第一次见到她的时候”。A项“for the first time”意为“首次；第一次”，在句中一般单独作状语；B项“the first time”意为“首次；第一次”，常引导时间状语从句，符合语境和语法分析。故选B项。
17. B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：他回家后，我们才知道发生了什么事。句子是强调句，结构为：It was+ 被强调部分+ that+其他，此处被强调部分是时间状语when he came back home。故选B。
18. A
【解析】考查连词。句意：让我大吃一惊的是，她一读了那封信就突然哭了起来。A.directly 连词“一......就”； B. poorly副词“差劲地”；C.fast 副词“快速地”；D.likely副词“有可能”。结合句意“一......就”符合题意，由directly 引导时间状语从句。故选A项。
19. C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：-对不起，先生。我们什么时候能买到贾斯汀·比伯的最新专辑？-直到下个月才会录制下来。分析可知设空处为until引导的时间状语从句的谓语，根据next month可知主句应是一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，it和record之间为被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
20. B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：——这个周末我要去杭州度假。——你在那里的时候，能帮我买些绿茶吗？A. Because因为；B. While当……时候；C. After在……之后；D. Though虽然。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用while。故选B。
21. A
【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：公司设立了一个免费电话号码，这样人们就可以打电话询问有关其产品的任何问题。A. so that如此以至于；B.even if即使；C. as if好像；D.in case万一。根据空后的“people can call with any questions about its products”（这样人们就可以打电话询问有关其产品的任何问题）可知，这是公司设立免费电话产生的结果，so that引导结果状语从句，故选A。
22. D
【解析】考查连词词义辨析和状语从句。句意：虽然马修并没有赢得演讲比赛，但他脸上仍然带着微笑。A. Since因为，自从；B. Unless除非；C. Because因为；D. Although虽然，尽管。根据“didn’t win”以及“ he was still wearing a smile”可知，前后表示让步关系，空处需用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。
23. B
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：直到有一天我五岁的儿子问我汉堡里是否有火腿，我学英语才有困难。A. unless除非；B. until直到……为止；C. after在……之后；D. when当……时候。此处是固定搭配not…until…“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句。故选B。
24. A
【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管疫情得到了控制，我们仍然需要戴口罩。分析句意可知，本句为while引导的让步状语从句。故选A。
25. B
【解析】考查倒装句和时间状语从句。句意：他一到家我就告诉他这个令人兴奋的消息。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“no sooner…than…”，意为 “一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，“than”后的从句用一般过去时，可排除A和C，当“no sooner”放在句首时，前面的主句应用部分倒装，故应将“had”提到主语之前，可排除D。故选B项。
26. D
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然河边有一条自行车道，但在那里高速骑自行车是危险的。A. Because因为；B. If如果；C. Once一旦；D. Although虽然。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although。故选D。
27. D
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管Sinistra教授年纪大了，但她经常从早到晚和我们一起勤奋地工作。A. although尽管，虽然；B. even though即使；C. as if似乎，好像；D. as尽管，虽然。句中将形容词Old置于句首，句子是部分倒装，是as引导的让步状语从句，as作“尽管”之意。此类倒装的让步状语从句可用as, though 来引导，但不能用although来引导。故选D。
28. C
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：单词“level”，“kayak”和“racecar”无论是从左读到右还是从右读到左都是一样的。A. though虽然，尽管；B. as当……时；C. whether是否，无论；D. unless除非。根据句意可知，第二分句 “they are read left to right or right to left.”和“The words ‘ level’, ‘kayak’ and ‘racecar’ are the same”之间有转折对比关系，且其中有连词or,由此判断是由whether...or...(无论 ……还是……)引导的让步状语从句。故选C项。
29. B
【解析】考查连词。句意：除非你有一两个晚上睡得好，否则你将会失去 集中、计划和保持积极的能力。根据句意可知“睡得好”是“不失去这些能力”的前提条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B项。
30. A
【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：成功没有秘诀。我只是在同事们少量尝试的地方更加关注，然后继续前进。A. where在哪里；B. what什么；C. because因为；D. as正如，正像。分析句子，此处是引导地点状语从句，表示在同事们少量尝试的地方，我更加关注，需要用where引导地点状语从句符合题意。故选A。
31. C
【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：虽然特朗普看起来粗鲁又愚蠢，但他其实很擅长影响别人。本题考查“形容词+as/ though+主语+动词”部分倒装结构，这类倒装的让步状语从句可用as, though来引导，但不能用 although来引导。故选C。
32. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：希望所有的学生无论是在家还是在学校都应该严格控制自己。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填状语从句的引导词，结合空格后or以及句意可知，应用whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……”引导让步状语从句。故选A。
33. C
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管邓稼先多年远离家乡，忍受着极端的条件，但他拒绝放弃自己的责任。A.Because因为；B.Unless除非；C.While尽管；D.Since自从。分析可知，本句中“he had spent years apart from home and endured extreme conditions”和“Deng Jiaxian refused to back down from his responsibilities”构成转折关系，所以此处应用while引导让步状语从句。故选C。
34. B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：鼓励你的孩子保持兴趣和爱好，即使你对这些事情知之甚少。A.so that以便，为的是；B.even if即使；C.in case以防；D.as if好像。根据句中设空处前后的意思，可知设空后的内容为让步状语，意思为“纵然，即使”，选项B符合题意，故选B。
35. C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：带把伞以防下雨。A.in any case无论如何；B.in no case 决不；C.in case 以防，万一；D.in that case 在那种情况下。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填状语从句的引导词，再根据空格前后句子意思可知，空格处应填in case表示“以防，万一”引导目的状语从句。故选C。
36. D
【解析】考查连词和连接词。句意：虽然我尊重你，但我不同意你关于她又找不到高薪工作的观点。分析句子可知，第一空需用连词引导让步状语从句，表示前后句子的对比关系，因此可使用while引导。第二空处“she is failing to find a well-paid job again.”（她又找不到高薪工作）是对viewpoint的解释说明，所以此处为viewpoint的同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分和意义，可以使用that引导。故选D。
37. C
【解析】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：我们将坐在大厅的前面，以便能清楚地听到演讲者的讲话。A. so as to为了，后接动词原形；B. in order to为了，后接动词原形；C. in order that为了，后接从句；D. such that错误搭配。由空后“we can hear the speaker clearly.”可知，此处是完整的句子，所以空处需用in order that引导目的状语从句。故选C。
38. A
【解析】考查连词和固定短语。句意：事实上，一些说法认为，虽然牛顿肯定是受到了掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。第一空，A. while当……时候，虽然；B. because因为；C. since既然；D. although虽然。此处引导让步状语，表示“虽然”应用while或although，故排除B、C选项；第二空，表示“击中……部位”短语为hit sb. on/in the+身体部位。故选A。
39. C
【解析】考查状语从句。A.他突然用几乎无法理解的阿拉伯语说话；B.我们忽视了自己在塑造儿童思想中的作用；C.在她失明后，她的其他感觉也变得更加敏感了；D.当然，复合维生素并不能替代运动和均衡的饮食。C选项中主语是her other senses，但是 losing her sight的主语是she，所以应该把本句改写为After she lost her sight, her other senses grew more sensitive.。故选C。
40. D
【解析】考查状语从句和不定式。句意：由于考试分数是衡量学习成绩的唯一标准，学生被迫机械地记忆，而不是创造性地思考。根据句意可知“考试分数是衡量学习成绩的唯一标准”是“学生被迫机械地记忆，而不是创造性地思考”的原因，应该用as引导原因状语从句；根据is driven to memorize可知rather than连接两个并列的不定式，作主语补足语。故选D。
41. A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。be located in+地点名词表示“位于/坐落某地”，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place。故选A。
42. B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：中国留学生被鼓励回国，只要他们诚实地填写医疗表格，严格遵守检疫规则。A. though尽管；B. as long as只要；C. unless除非；D. the moment一……就……。后文是条件状语，根据句意，故选B。
43. D
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你有多少工作要做，你晚上都应该好好工作。根据句意可知本题需要用连词引导一个让步状语从句however much work you have to do。选项A意为“无论什么”；选项B“no matter”“无论”需要加代词采用引导状语从句；选项C意 为“尽管”；选项D意为“不管怎样，无论如何”。故选D项。
【点睛】

44. B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：吴医生答应除非他太虚弱不能做手术，否则他不会停止手术。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. when当……时候；D. because因为。引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”应用unless。故选B。
45. C
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管我尽了全力，但考试还是失败了。但我下次会更努力。A. when当；B. until直到；C. though尽管；D. because因为。根据句意可知，此处是指尽管努力了，但还是没有通过考试。用though“尽管”引导让步状语从句符合语境。故选C。