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09 句子的种类-备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练(全国通用)
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这是一份09 句子的种类-备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练(全国通用),文件包含09句子的种类解析版-备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练全国通用doc、09句子的种类原卷版-备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练全国通用doc等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共17页, 欢迎下载使用。
备战2022年高考英语语法框架记忆+提升专练(全国通用)09 句子的种类【知识框架】I.按用途分种 类类 型例 句陈述句肯定句We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。否定句They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。疑问句一般疑问句Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗? Haven’t you seen the film? 你没看过这部电影吗? 特殊疑问句Who is the man? 这人是谁?When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视?What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么?选择疑问句Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡?哪种都行。Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 他学日语还是学法语?他学法语。反意疑问句They are going to the airport, aren’t they? 他们要去机场,是吗?You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业,是吗?祈使句肯定句Be sure to get there at eight. 务必八点钟到那儿。否定句Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. 别担心,我会帮助你的。感叹句what + 名词What great changes we have had these years! 这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊!What a fine day it is! 多好的天气呀!how + 形容词或副词How brave he is! 他多么勇敢呀!How hard they are working! 他们工作多努力呀!how +句子How time flies! 时间过得多么快呀!How + adj. + a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj.+nHow nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)! 多好的孩子啊!II.按结构分种类类型例句简单句主+谓They disappeared. 他们消失了。主+谓+宾He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。We help each other. 我们互相帮助。主+谓+间宾+直接宾I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。They sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。主+谓+宾+宾补They named the boy Jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。I want everything ready by eight o’clock. 我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。主+系+表She is a university student. 她是一名大学生。He has become a pilot. 他已成为一名飞行员。并列句并列关系and, not only…but also, neither …nor, both…and, not…but,Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it. 要么你来做,要么我请其他人来做。 Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework. 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。 Not couldn’t they complete the task, but the task was too tough. 不是他们完不成任务,而是任务太重了。 转折关系but,while(而,尽管)nevertheless(然而;不过)John likes playing basketball, but he didn’t play it yesterday. 约翰喜欢打篮球,但他昨天没打。选择关系or, otherwise or else, either…orWe must hurry, or we’ll miss the train. 我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。 Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。因果关系for, so, thus, therefore, and soWe had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.他学习不努力,因此这次考试不及格。复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体,从句是全句的一个成分,不能独立。从句有:名词性从句(主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句)状语从句定语从句 【能力提升】▲用单词的适当形式完成句子1. In ______ (conclude), parents have to change some of their beliefs about how children should be raised. 2. In the past three weeks, we have been burying ______(we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 3. The owner ________(rent)rooms in his house to students. 4. They _________ (be) in love with each other for two years. 5. To be a good reporter, one needs to be curious, which _________ (enable) one to ask many different questions and acquire all the information he needs to know. 6. Due ________ carelessness, your mistakes may have serious results. 7. ______(injure) in the leg makes it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.8. However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the ______(intend) of destroying them shows no respect for human life.9. A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is ______(I)”.10. Mother’s Day is coming. I’m sorry that I am abroad and can’t send ________ (your) flowers. 11. My parents wanted me to be a doctor, but I couldn't ________ all those years of study.(用put相关词组完成句子)12. I had no idea what hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, ________!13. Seeing his funny action, the audience _______ ________ laughing.(突然大笑)14. The prisoner ________ _______ (从....逃走)the prison last night.15. My mother________ (devote)most of her time to ______(care) for my sick father.16. Some people will _________ (success) in their efforts to stop smoking. 17. They can communicate even when they strongly ________ (agree) with each other.18. Where did the customs and traditions _________?(origin)19. He tried his best to comfort the________(injure)and told them the help was on the way. 20. A group of people _________ on the island hundreds of years ago. These new _________ helped the natives a lot in the _________ of farming methods. (settle) 21. The little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ________ a dangerous scene it was!22. He's been informed that he ________(not qualify) for the scholarship because of his academic background.23. He used to drink tea when he lived in the countryside, __________ __________?(反意疑问句)24. They find it hard to get used to the new life, __________ __________?(反义疑问句)25. Follow these tips, ______ your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.26. Remember to keep to the path ________you'll lose your way. 27. Help others whenever you can and you ______(make)the world a nicer place to live in. 28. —You can't write this kind of paper, ______ you?—Yes, I can.29. ________ (give) me more time, and I’ll work out all the maths problems. 30. If you have any questions, please ________ (contact)us!31. Join a guided bike tour and ________(view)some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D. C. 32. Just give me a chance and I _________ (prove) it to you. 33. ______(leave)alone the boy, because he can make up his own mind. 34. ________ (make)sure you have enough time to prepare for the new day ahead35. If you need help — money or anything, let me know,__________you?36. ________ fine weather it is today! 37. ________ a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before. 38. ________ (openly) the door, please. There’s someone waiting outside. 39. The instructor (教练) kept repeating the words, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “________ (turn) left!” I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 40. In any unsafe situation, simply ________ (pressure) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. 41. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ (see) the door of confidence open before you. 42. —________ do you think Kate was in such a hurry? —I don’t know. She might have been running to catch the first train.43. __________ different life today is from __________ it was fifty years ago!44. Follow your doctor’s advice, ____________ your cough will get worse.45. Mary is seldom late for school, ________ ________?46. ________ (find) some leisure time to take a boat trip, and you will be attracted by the beautiful scenery along the Li River.47. Read this story, ________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.48. You can imagine ________ happy I was when I rode to school on my own bicycle. 49. Hurry up, ________ we will miss the train.50. Read this story, and you ________(realize)that not everything can be bought with money. 51. Before you quit your job, ________(consider)how your family would feel about your decision. 52. As the saying goes, ________ while the iron is hot. We must take action before it is late.53. The new drug_____________(try) out on humans yet, so it can't be put on the market. 54. While you are talking with others, please ________ (weight) your words. 55. Jenny, ______ (set) the alarm clock for 6 o’clock, or you will oversleep and be late for the train.56. _____________ will you deal with a person who falls off bike and gets seriously injured?57. Let those in need ________ we will go all out to help them. (understand). 58. _________(behavior) yourself at school by following the teacher’s instructions and focusing on your schoolwork.59. If you would have a faithful________, and one that you like, ________yourself. (service) 60. You may have no idea how _________ (talent) the young man is as a painter. 参考答案1. conclusion【解析】考查名词和固定短语。句意:总之,父母必须改变一些关于如何抚养孩子的观念。介词in后需接名词作宾语,conclude的名词为conclusion“总结”,in conclusion总之,介词短语作状语,符合题意。故填conclusion。2. ourselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意:在过去的三个星期里,我们一直在埋头学习,因为考试临近了。分析句子可知,空处在句中做宾语成分,与主语we为同一人,应用反身代词,we的反身代词为ourselves。故填ourselves。3. rents【解析】考查动词。句意:房主把房子租给学生住。分析句子并根据提示词可知,句子为一般现在时,且主语The owner为第三人称单数形式,其后应使用动词rent的第三人称单数形式rents,作谓语。故填rents。4. have been【解析】考查时态。句意:他们已经相爱两年了。根据时间状语“for two years”可知,表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在,对现在造成的影响,可能持续发生下去用现在完成时,构成为have/has+动词过去分词,They为复数,故填have been。5. enables【解析】考查动词。句意:要成为一个好的记者,需要有好奇心,这使得他能够提出许多不同的问题,并获得他需要知道的所有信息。分析句子并根据needs可知,句子为一般现在时,且空处应使用谓语动词。且which修饰整个句子,并充当非限制性定语从句主语,其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。6. to【解析】考查介词短语。句意:由于粗心大意,你的错误可能会造成严重的后果。due to由于,介词短语后接名词或名词词组,作原因状语,符合题意。故填to。7. Being injured【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:腿部受伤使我无法像往常一样走得那么快。根据makes可知,此处是主语的一部分,且动作已经发生,应该用being done形式。故填Being injured。8. intention【解析】考查名词。句意:然而,一些人认为克隆人类胚胎的目的是要摧毁它们,这是对人类生命的不尊重。冠词the后接名词,with the intention of…意为“抱有…目的,带着…的意图”,intention是不可数名词。故填intention。9. me /mine【解析】考查代词。句意:公车上的一位女士喊道:“哦,天哪,是我的包(是我丢的包)。”从语境以及It is判断此处是做表语,强调“是我的包,或者是我丢了包”,可以用代词me或者名词性物主代词mine。填me/mine。10. you【解析】考查宾格和固定搭配。句意:母亲节快到了。很抱歉,我在国外,不能给你送花。send sb sth意为“给某人送某物”,为固定搭配,用人称代词宾格作间接宾语。故填you。11. put up with【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我的父母想让我成为一名医生,但是我无法忍受所以这些年的学习。根据前文but转折词可判断说话人不愿意当医生的原因在于对所需要的学习的抵触。而put up with 意为“容忍”符合句意。故填put up with。【点睛】 12. either【解析】考查副词。句意:我不知道氢气是什么,并且我也不想知道。结合句意,表示“也不”且位于句末,应用副词either。故填either。13. burst out 【解析】考查固定短语。句意:看到他滑稽的动作,观众被引得一阵大笑。burst out laughing为固定表达,表示“突然大笑起来”。因为根据句意是表述过去的事情,所以使用一般过去时,burst的过去式是burst。故填burst out。14. escaped from 【解析】考查固定表达。句意:昨晚逃犯从监狱里逃走了。escape from some place为固定表达,表示“从某个地方逃走”。句中有时间状语last night,所以用一般过去时。故填escaped from。15. devoted caring 【解析】考查固定用法。句意:我的母亲倾尽她大部分时间,来照顾我生病的父亲。devote sth/sb to doing sth为固定表达,表示“付出……来做……”。这里在讲过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,所以devote用过去式。to这里是介词,后面要加名词或者动名词。故填devoted和caring。16. succeed【解析】考查动词。句意:有些人通过努力能够成功戒烟。分析句子结构可知will后应接动词原形,一起构成谓语部分。故填succeed。17. disagree【解析】考查动词反义词。句意:即使他们有强烈的分歧,他们也能交流。根据even可知,此处是指即使他们有强烈的分歧,他们也能交流。此处应用动词agree的反义词disagree作从句的谓语。根据“They can communicate”可知,此处应用一般现在时。故填disagree。18. originate【解析】考查动词。句意:这些习俗和传统起源于哪里?分析可知,此处为句子谓语,故应用动词originate“起源”,助动词did后用动词的原形。故填originate。19. injured【解析】考查形容词。句意:他尽力安慰伤者,并告诉他们救援人员已经在路上了。分析句子可知,空处考查“the+形容词”,表示一类人,the injured在句中作comfort的宾语。故填injured。20. settled settlers settlement 【解析】考查一般过去时、名词复数和名词。句意:几百年前,一群人在这个岛上定居下来。这些新移民在耕作方式上对当地居民帮助很大。①处空格是句子的谓语,所以应用动词settle表示“定居”,根据“hundreds of years ago”可知,应用一般过去时。所以①处应填settled。②处空格是句子的主语,且根据 “helped the natives a lot”可知,此处应用名词settler表示“移居者”,在these后应用名词复数。所以②处应填settlers。在介词in后应用名词作宾语,根据“of farming methods ”可知,此处应用名词settlement表示“处理”。所以③处应填settlement。故填①settled②settlers③settlement。21. What【解析】考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知此处为感叹句。感叹句分两种情况,第一种是how引导的感叹句,how修饰形容词或副词,其结构是“How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”;第二种情况时what引导的感叹句,其结构是“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语;What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语;What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”。根据空后的a dangerous scene可知此处是what引导的感叹句。故填What。22. doesn’t qualify【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:他被告知,因为他的教育背景,他没有资格获得这笔奖学金。根据语境可知,此处描述的是客观事实,因此用一般现在时。主语为he,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,此处为否定句,助动词用doesn't。故填doesn’t qualify。23. didn’t he 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:他住在乡下时经常喝茶,是吗?反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定?此处谓语动词为used,应用助动词did,主语为he。故填didn’t he。24. don’t they 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:他们发现很难适应新的生活,是吗?反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定?此处谓语动词为find,应用助动词do,主语为they,故填don't they。25. and【解析】考查连词。句意:遵循这些建议,你在因特网上做研究所花的时间将是更值得的。此处为句式“祈使句+and+陈述句”,故填and。26. or【解析】考查连词。句意:记住要沿着小路走,否则你会迷路的。本句为“ 祈使句+and/or +句子(一般将来时)”的用法,结合句意。故填or。27. will make【解析】考查祈使句。句意:随时随地帮助别人,你会让这个世界变得更美好。分析可知,句子考查“祈使句+and+简单句(一般将来时)”这一固定句式(祈使句表示条件),相当于if引导的条件句。故填will make。28. can【解析】考查反意疑问句。——你不会写这种论文,是不是?——不,我会写。结合上文You can't write this kind of paper可知陈述部分是否定句时,反意疑问部分要用肯定形式,且上文中出现了情态动词can,疑问部分与之保持一致,也应用can。故填can。29. Give【解析】考查动词。句意:再给我点时间,我就能解出所有的数学题。本句考查“祈使句 + and +陈述句”结构,所以用动词原形。根据句意,故填Give。30. contact【解析】考查祈使句和动词。句意:如果您有任何问题,请联系我们!在祈使句句式中,动词使用原形。contact作动词意为“联系”。故填contact。31. view【解析】考查祈使句。句意:加入一个有导游的自行车之旅,参观华盛顿特区一些最受欢迎的纪念碑 。分析可知,该句为祈使句,空格处的词和Join被连词and连接,要用动词原形。故填view。32. will prove【解析】考查时态。句意:给我一个机会,我会向你证明的。分析可知,此句为祈使句+and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句,故填will prove。33. Leave【解析】考查祈使句。句意:不要管那男孩,因为他能自己拿主意。根据句意,此处表示命令和要求的语气,应用祈使句,句子开头用动词原形,故填Leave。
34. Make【解析】考查祈使句。句意:确保你有足够的时间为新的一天做准备。该句为祈使句,用动词原形,句子第一个单词首字母大写,所以填Make。35. will【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:如果你需要金钱或其他方面的帮助,让我知道,好吗?此题考查祈使句的反意疑问句。原题实际上可变为:Let me know if you need help — money or anything,这样一眼就可以看出是祈使句了。题中祈使句开头是let,故填will。注意,如果是let’s开头,要用shall we。故填will。36. What【解析】考查感叹句。句意:今天的天气多晴朗啊!感叹句式:what+(a/an)+adj+n+主+谓!由此可知此处用what,故填what。37. What【解析】考查感叹句。句意:多么奇怪的植物啊!我以前从未见过它。第一句是一个感叹句,它的完整形式为“What a strange plant it is!”。因为中心词是名词plant,所以用What引出感叹句。故填what。38. Open【解析】考查祈使句。句意:请打开门!有人等在外面。根据句意空格处是祈使句,要用动词原形。又由于在句首,首字母要大写。故填Open。39. Turn【解析】考查祈使句。句意:教练不断地重复着这些话:“加快速度!”“慢下来!”“左转!”我太紧张了,简直分不清哪个方向是左边。此处教练说的三句话都为祈使句,祈使句以动词原形开头,故应用动词原形turn,首字母大写。故填Turn。40. press【解析】考查动词。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你提供你需要的帮助。分析句子可知,空格处是祈使句,要用动词原形。故填press。41. will see【解析】考查祈使句和一般将来时。句意:关闭你身后的恐惧之门,你就会看到信心之门在你的面前打开。分析可知该句是祈使句的主句。祈使句的结构是:动词原形+and/or+简单句。而这个简单句常用一般将来时。故填will see。42. Why【解析】考查疑问副词。句意:——你觉得凯特为什么这么着急?——我不知道。她可能是去赶第一班火车了。根据句中She might have been running to catch the first train,可知此处回答的是前一句问句的原因,所以空白处应用疑问副词“为什么”,故填Why。43. How what 【解析】考查感叹句和宾语从句的引导词。句意:今天的生活和五十年前是多么不同啊!句子前半部分为感叹句,被感叹的词为形容词different,应用how引导感叹句;第二空引导宾语从句,作介词from 的宾语,从句中缺少表语,表示“生活是什么样子”用what引导宾语从句。故填How;what。44. or【解析】考查并列连词。句意:听从医生的建议,否则你的咳嗽会更厉害。固定句型:祈使句+and/or+表示将来的陈述句。结合句意,故填or。45. is she 【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意:Mary上学很少迟到,不是吗?seldom“很少,不常”,是否定意义的副词,遵守“前肯后否”原则,前半句使用了否定词,故附加问句用肯定形式,故填is she。46. Find【解析】考查祈使句。句意:找一些空闲时间去划船,你会被漓江的美景所吸引。此处考查固定句型:祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句(and表顺承,or表转折),故填Find。47. and【解析】考查连词。句意:读一下这个故事,你会意识到并不是所有的东西都能用钱买到。分析句子可知,此处考查祈使句+and+陈述句,前后文是顺承关系,用连接词and。故填and。48. how【解析】考查感叹句。句意:你可以想象当我骑自己的自行车去上学时我是多么高兴。感叹后文形容词happy应用how,构成“how+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”。故填how。49. or【解析】考查连词。句意:快点,否则我们将会错过火车。分析可知,此处为固定句型:祈使句+ or+ 陈述句(常用一般将来时),or意为“否则”。故填or。50. will realize【解析】考查“祈使句+and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句”结构。句意:读下这个故事,你就会意识到不是所有的东西都能用钱买到。本句考查“祈使句+and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句”结构,其中陈述句结构为sb.+will +do sth.。will do 在句中作谓语。故填will realize。51. consider【解析】考查动词。句意:在你辞职之前,考虑下你的家人会如何看待你的决定。分析句子可知,Before you quit your job是时间状语从句,逗号后面的句子是主句,主句无主语,可判定为祈使句。用动词原形。故填consider。52. strike【解析】考查动词。句意:俗话说,趁热打铁。我们必须及早采取行动。本句为祈使句,所以用动词原形。根据句意,故填strike。53. hasn't been tried【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意:这种新药还没有在人体上试验过,所以还不能投放市场。try在句中作谓语,根据后文yet可知为现在完成时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为The new drug,助动词用has,此处结合后文“it can't be put on the market”可知表示还没有被试验过,为否定陈述句。故填hasn't been tried。54. weigh【解析】考查祈使句和动词原形。句意:当你和别人说话时,请权衡一下你的话。分析句子可知,while引导时间状语从句,故空格所在是主句,由please和句意可推断是祈使句,用动词原形,故填weigh。【点睛】 55. set【解析】考查固定句式及祈使句。句意:Jenny,把闹钟定在6点,否则你会睡过头,赶不上火车。“祈使句+or/and+陈述句”为固定句式。此句式前面为祈使句,本空格要用动词原形,故填set。56. How【解析】考查疑问副词。句意:你将如何处理一个从自行车上摔下来并严重受伤的人?分析句子可知,此处是“疑问词+to do”结构,空处是对方式方法提问,且deal with常与how搭配,意为“怎么处理”。故填How。57. understand【解析】考查祈使句。句意:让那些需要帮助的人知道我们将全力以赴帮助他们。此处为let sb. do sth.句型,表示“让某人做某事”,应填动词原形。故填understand。58. Behave【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在学校要规矩点,遵守老师的指示,专心做功课。分析句子结构可知,空处需用祈使句的肯定结构,其构成为:动词原形+其它,behavior的动词为behave,behave oneself放规矩些,固定搭配,句首单词首字母需大写。故填Behave。59. servant serve 【解析】考查名词和动词。句意:如果你想有一个忠实的仆人并且是你喜欢的人,那你就给自己当仆人吧。根据句意以及所给出的提示词可知,第一个空填可数名词servant作宾语;再分析句子可知,第二空处为主句谓语动词,且位于句首,故主句为祈使句,故填动词serve。故填①servant②serve。60. talented【解析】考查形容词。句意:你可能不知道这个年轻人是多么有才华的画家。how引导感叹句,空处应填形容词,talented意为“有才华的,有天赋的”。故填talented。
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