备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练(全国通用) 热点24 台风的成因及应对方法

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备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练热点24 台风的成因及应对方法一、阅读理解1Maybe you know floods, droughts, earthquakes, sandstorms and so on. But have you ever heard of typhoons(台风)？Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September.How does a typhoon happen? When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then, cooler air around it rushes in. it fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles, and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 meters a second, a typhoon begins.A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest winds and hardest rains are.Typhoons are very dangerous. In 2004, Typhoon Yunnan killed 164 people in Zhejiang, and 24 people were missing. In May 2006, Typhoon Pearl hit Guangdong and Fujian, and thousands of houses were damaged.  What to do when a typhoon hits● Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them.● Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes!● Listen to the radio or TV for important information.● If you’re told to go to a safer place, do so right away.1. Typhoons often happen ________.A. in the hot season    B. in the cold season    C. only in China    D. under the sea2. When a typhoon comes , we cannot ________ .A. close all the windows    B. listen to typhoon newsC. stay outside with our bikes    D. stay inside the strong house3. This passage is mainly about ________.A. the knowledge of typhoon    B. the eye of a typhoonC. the most dangerous typhoon Yunnan    D. the names of typhoon 2Typhoons(台风) in the northern part of the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very beautiful names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose.It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in ten years.It began to rain on the morning of Monday, August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but already the wind was blowing people’s umbrellas away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters(避风港) were soon full of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors(锚)。 Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because it cannot be blown onto rocks. Kai Tak Airport closed. No planes were able to take off or land. At 9：00 in the evening, all the lights went out.No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad weather.In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died, 229 people were hurt and  66 of these had to go to hospital. About 1,500 people lost their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose!4. What’s true according to the passage?A. Typhoons all over the world have girls’ names.B. Typhoons with pretty names are usually beautiful.C. Typhoon Rose only hit Hong Kong.D. For ten years, people in Hong Kong haven’t seen a worse typhoon than Typhoon Rose.5. What’s the possible result of Typhoon Rose?A. Lots of big ships were blown onto rocks.B. More than one hundred people lost their lives and many more lost their homes.C. People slept well in such bad weather.D. People turned off the lights at 9：00 in the evening.6. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose because       .A. it caused the terrible lossesB. they didn’t sleep well that nightC. Typhoon Rose wasn’t as pretty as its name.D. they couldn’t find their ships after the typhoon7. Some big ships didn’t go inside the shelters because        .A. they had more anchorsB. it is safer outsideC. they were out at sea and they weren’t fast enough to reach the shelters when Typhoon Rose came.D. It was too expensive for big ships to go inside the shelters.8. This passage is mainly about         .A. The names of typhoons B. Typhoons in Hong KongC. Typhoon Rose D. The typhoons.3There are many kinds of wind in the natural world, such as the strong wind and the gentle (柔和的) wind. Different windy weather makes us enjoy a different life. You can feel the wind because the air is moving. The faster the air moves, the stronger the wind becomes. When the wand is very strong, it causes a typhoon.In China, the name typhoon has the same pronunciation (发音) as taifang in Putonghha, while in the east of Northern Pacific Ocean, people call it hurricane (题风). Usually people decide the name of a typhoon by is landing (登陆) place.Last month, the 22nd typhoon in 2018 called Mangkhut first came to Philippine and attacked southern China. Very heavy rain came through Gungdong Province, and trees and even buildings fell down in the strong wind. People could hardly go outside, and of course schools were closed for safety reasons. So what can we do if typhoon comes?First, we must know the latest information about a typhoon. Then, we must close the doors and windows closely and remember not to go outside or too far from home. Third, when staying outdoors, always stay far away from the trees. While saying indoors, stick fastening tapes (贴加固胶带) to the windows so that the strong wind will not break the house. Finally, call 110 for help when you are in danger. In fact, people are friendly to nature. For example, they grow trees everywhere and make the land green and so on. So, if we learn more about different disasters (灾难) and remember the skills of keeping ourselves safe, we can live happily with the nature!9. The first paragraph tells us that a typhoon ________.A. moves the air fastB. is a kind of gentle windC. is much stronger than the wind we feel every day10. How many tips did the writer give us about what to do when a typhoon comes?A. 3 B. 4 C. 511. The underlined word "attacked" in paragraph 3 means ________ in Chinese.A. 抨击 B. 离开 C. 袭击12. Why do people call the typhoon last month Mangkhtl?A. Because people in Guangdong named it first.B. Because people in Philippine like Mangkhut.C. Because it first arrived in Philippine.13. What is the best title of this passage?A. What We Know About a TyphoonB. The Typhoon MangkhutC. Different Kinds of Wind4I was born in Taipei City. In Taipei, we have natural disasters(灾难) such as typhoons and floods. We have several typhoons during the typhoon season from June until October. I remember that one summer vacation while I was studying in high school, a typhoon named Andrew came to our city. It still stays in my mind. Andrew brought rain, really heavy rain. The river near my house overflowed(溢出), and water began to come into my house. My parents, younger brother, sister and I moved out the most important things to the safe place. My parents and I moved the fridge up on the dining table. There was more and more water in our house. To keep safe, we had to move up to my cousin's house. His house was on the second floor. After the rain stopped, we went back home and cleaned up everything. There was much mud(淤泥) in our house, so it was really difficult to clean it up. But luckily, everyone in our home was all right.14. How long is the typhoon season?A. One month. B. Two months.C. Three months. D. Four months.15. What is Andrew?A. The writer's name. B. The name of the city.C. The name of the typhoon. D. The river's name.16. What should the writer do after the rain stopped?A. To keep safe. B. To move up to his cousin's house.C. To clean up his house. D. To clean up the mud in the street.5Oct 29, 2012 was a dark day for the American people. A huge hurricane (飓风) named Sandy hit the US, along with thunderstorms, heavy snow and flooding. It caused great damage in many places. Cities like New York were left with flooded streets and no electricity.A hurricane is a kind of tropical cyclone (热带气旋) that is found in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, South Pacific, or North Atlantic Ocean. When it appears in the northwestern Pacific, it is called a typhoon. Southern China has the longest record of experiencing typhoons in the area.So hurricanes and typhoons are the same thing; the only difference is where they happen. They form on the sea and are caused by temperature differences.There is another kind of cyclone called a tornado. A tornado forms from the twisting (扭曲) of rising air. It's a violently rotating (旋转的) column of air that connects with clouds above it and the land below.Tornados form on the land and often begin with thunderstorms. The US has the most tornados of any country. This is because of some of the special features of the North American continent. The continent spreads from the tropical north to the arctic (北极的). There are no large mountains from east to west, so it is easy for warm and cold air to meet. When this happens, thunderstorms soon follow.As for Hurricane Sandy, scientists believe that it began due to unusually warm water. Then it joined with a large Arctic weather system, which increased its size and changed it into a winter storm with far more power.17. What do we know about Sandy?A. It hit the US in summertime. B. It is a kind of natural disaster.C. It came with thunderstorms and rain. D. It caused little damage to New York.18. What can we infer from Paragraphs 2 and 3?A. Hurricanes can also be called typhoons.B. Typhoons usually appear in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.C. Hurricanes and typhoons are totally different.D. Hurricanes and typhoons are caused by the same things.19. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.A. air B. a cyclone C. a tornado D. a column20. Warm and cold air easily meet on the North American continent because ________.A. the continent is wideB. there are no high mountains there to stop the airC. they are too strong to be stoppedD. the continent spreads from the east to the west21. What would be a good title for this story?A. Hurricane Sandy B. Hurricanes and TyphoonsC. Cyclones in Different Areas D. Winter storms in the US6We never want it to happen, but continually prepare for it the whole school year. Well today it happened…Typhoon was coming near the school, and as expected, we went into our emergency (紧急的) typhoon plans. I wasn’t even in the classroom when it happened. As the alarm started ringing, I immediately ran as fast as I could back to the classroom.I never imagined needing to put our typhoon drills (演习)to use. When I got to the classroom, to my surprise, my students were lining up on the wall, crouching down, with their knees and heads touching the ground, hands on the backs of their heads.The students’ hearts were beating so fast as they were facing such strong wind, and mine, if we are honest. They couldn’t catch their breath, or the fear filled eyes looking up at me as they ask if their parents, grandparents, and friends were going to be okay. The other teachers along with me tried our best to keep them safe, comfort our students and promise them everything would be all right, though we truly didn’t know what the result would be.Never did I imagine the terrible silence that would come over the whole school. Today in a very dangerous situation, my students behaved calmly. Never in my life have I seen my students follow directions so quickly. Tomorrow will bring new set of challenges (挑战), and will be a day used to encourage, train, and prepare the students for the next time this might happen.22. Typhoon is most probably a kind of ________.A. competition B. animal C. weather D. accident23. Which of the following did the teachers do after the typhoon arrived?① lining up on the wall②training the students③keeping the students safe④comforting the studentsA. ③④ B. ①② C. ②④ D. ①③24. The changing of the writer’s feelings can be described as ________ according to the passage.A. surprised—excited—worried—encouragedB. nervous—surprised—thankful—confidentC. confident—nervous—encouraged—excitedD. encouraged—surprised—confident—nervous25. The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.A. typhoon is very dangerous B. the writer had a terrible experienceC. the students are very brave D. students should be trained well for challenges二、完型填空The sky was clear and the sun was shining brightly before the deadly disaster of the Typhoon(台风). Bernadette Tenegra , a 44-year-old high school teacher, was in her    26    which was on the bank of a river. The Tenegra family stayed together in their shelter to    27    the storm. They thought that the powerful storm would    28    soon as it did in the past .So they were just hanging on there.But things didn`t happen as they had thought, the water    29    with a frightening speed and their wooden house fell down,    30    away the occupants (居住者), including Tenegra’s husband and her other daughter. They were able to struggle to    31    , but the 6-year-old Tenegra was    32    against the strong wind and water, along with sharp deadly debris(残骸). Bernadette    33    her way to the child and was holding her and kept telling her to keep on.“I crawled(爬) over to her, and I tried to pull her up. But she was too    34    and wasn’t able to make it. It seemed she had already     35    , ” Tenegra said,  crying. “I screamed but it didn’t work."The mother said    36    that she would never forget the last words of her daughter before    37    , “Ma, just let go, just let go. Save    38   . I love you forever.“Yolanda” , the super typhoon destroyed a great number of houses and buildings. The 6-year- old     39   Tenegra lost her life. She has just seen a small part of this wonderful world   40    that short lifetime, while the whole world witnessed all the beauty of her.26. A. family B. Home C. building D. School27. A. leave B. stop C. avoid D. keep28. A. lost B. produce C. complete D. disappear29. A. raised B. rose C. lifted D. kept30. A. sweeping B. putting C. hiding D. keeping31. A. safety B. warmth C. strength D. difficulty32. A. touching B. beating C. fighting D. preventing33. A. turned B. made C. got D. created34. A. sleepy B. weak C. impatient D. careless35. A. given hack B. given away C. given up D. given off36. A. excitedly B. sadly C. angrily D. confidently37. A. arrival B. break C. choice D. death38. A. myself B. himself C. yourself D. herself39. A. alive B. lazy C. live D. lively40. A. above B. below C. during D. beyond.三、短文填空1Typhoon Mangkhut is known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ompong. As one of the s41. typhoons in 2018, Mangkhut h42.  Asia this September, It b43. strong winds and heavy rain. It destroyed homes and cars, and even killed some people.But do you know why this typhoon was c44. Mangkhut?In fact, typhoon names are chosen by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO,世界气象组织). In 2002,  the WMO advised each of its m45. in the Asia Pacific area to make a list of 10 names. There are China, Japan and Thailand. The organization used their s46. to make a list of 140 typhoon names.The typhoon names come f 47. animals, plants, places and even the food of each country. For example, Mangkhut is from Thailand. It is the name of a popular f48. in the country.The WMO uses these names in turn. But if a typhoon is e49. severe (严重的), the WMO will not use its name again. If it is true, Mangkhut will possibly be taken o50.  the list. On the other hand, the increasing frequency of extreme weather has a lot to do with human activities.2阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。On October 10th, a terrible typhoon(台风) made its way to our city. At night, the news on TV51. (报道) that a heavy typhoon was in our 52. (地区). We could hear strong 53. (风) outside our house. They beat the door 54. (重重地) with no 55. (光) inside.My son couldn't fall 56. (睡着的) at 57. (起初). He was so scared that he took out the flashlight and put some candles and 58. (火柴) on the table. I covered the 59. (窗户) with wood to stop the rain going into our house. We were busy protecting our house against the typhoon.  The next day, when we went outside, we found our neighborhood in a 60. (杂乱).